The origin of the duchy of Burgundy is discussed in the Introduction to the companion document BURGUNDY DUCHY, DUKES. In 956, the duchy of Burgundy included the counties of Auxerre, Autun, Avallon, Beaune, Chalon, Dijon, Langres, Nevers and Tonnerre, and probably also the counties of Mâcon and Oscheret[1]. Lothaire King of the West Franks confiscated the counties of Langres and Dijon in 967 and gave them to the Bishop of Langres[2]. The counties of Autun, Auxois and Dijon existed until the 11th century but appear at that time to have been absorbed into the duchy of Burgundy. The main castellan lineages within the duchy of Burgundy were the Seigneurs de Bâgé, Beaujeu, Beaumont, Brancion, Donzy, Saulx, Seignelay, Semur, Tilchâtel and Vergy. It is probable that all of these families were suzerains of the Burgundian comital families set out in this document. Little evidence has so far been found to indicate that they were direct vassals of the Burgundian dukes.

The first tier of nobility within the duchy of Burgundy acquired considerable local autonomy. The counts of Mâcon and Nevers contracted high profile marriages with many prominent families throughout France, as well as with the Burgundian ducal family. It can be postulated that the presence of these competing noble families within the duchy constituted one of the reasons why the dukes of Burgundy did not fulfil their full potential as a regional power in the 12th and 13th centuries, compared say with what the comtes de Poitou/dukes of Aquitaine achieved in the 11th and early 12th centuries.

As will be seen below, the sources which confirm the genealogies of noble families in the duchy of Burgundy are numerous and varied. In particular, the following cartularies from monasteries in and around the duchy include many important details: Beaulieu[3] (comtes de Nevers), Bugey Saint-Sulpice[4] (seigneurs de Beaujeu), Cîteaux[5] (vicomtes de Beaune, comtes de Langres, comtes de Mâcon, comtes de Nevers, seigneurs de Vergy), Cluny[6] (most major families), Flavigny[7] (comtes d´Auxerre, comtes d´Auxois, comtes de Bolenois, comtes de Chalon, comtes de Mâcon, comtes de Nevers), Corbigny[8] (comtes de Nevers), Jully-lès-Nonnains[9] (comtes de Nevers, seigneurs de Noyers), La Charité-sur-Loire[10] (seigneurs de Donzy), Marcigny-sur-Loire[11] (seigneurs de Bourbon-Lancy, comtes de Mâcon, comtes de Nevers, seigneurs de Saumur), Molesme[12] (comtes de Nevers, vicomtes de Tonnerre, sires de Toucy), Paray-le-Monial[13] (seigneurs de Bourbon-Lancy, comtes de Chalon, comtes de Mâcon), Saint-Bénigne-de-Dijon[14] (comtes d´Auxerre, comtes d´Auxois, comtes de Bolenois, comtes de Chalon, comtes de Dijon, comtes de Mâcon, seigneurs de Salmaise), Saint-Benoît-sur-Loire[15] (comtes d´Autun, comtes de Chalon, vicomtes de Mâcon, comtes de Nevers, comtes de Tonnerre, sires de Toucy), Saint-Chaffre[16] (comtes de Tonnerre), Saint-Cyr de Nevers[17] (comtes de Nevers), Saint-Marcel-lès-Chalon[18] (comtes de Chalon), Saint-Vincent-de-Mâcon[19] (seigneurs de Bâgé, comtes de Mâcon, vicomtes de Mâcon), Savigny[20] (seigneurs de Beaujeu, seigneurs de Saumur), Vignory Saint-Etienne[21] (comtes de Chalon).

Chapter 1. COMTES d'AUTUN

The county of Autun is one of the first Burgundian counties to be mentioned in primary sources. The first recorded Comte d'Autun is Theoderic [I], whose origins are not known definitely but who was most probably related to the Carolingian family of Childebrand/Nibelung (see the document CAROLINGIAN NOBILITY). His descendants continued to hold the county of Autun until Bernard Marquis of Septimania lost it in 830. No record has so far been found of the rulers of the county from that date until 864, when it was awarded to Bernard "Plantevelue" son of the previous Comte Bernard. Possession of the county was disputed by Boson, later King [of Provence], in the late 870s. He installed his brother Richard, later Duke of Burgundy, as Comte d'Autun. After the death of Duke Richard in 921, the county of Autun continued to be held by the dukes of Burgundy.

A. COMTES d´AUTUN

1. THEODERIC [I], son of --- (-[791/15 Dec 804]). The origin of Comte Theoderic is not known. An interesting speculation is a relationship with the early Saxon leader Widukind, as explained further in the document CAROLINGIAN NOBILITY. Comte d'Autun. Einhard indicates that Theoderic was related to Charles I King of the Franks when he records that in 782 the king sent his three missi "Adalgiso camerario et Geilone comite stabuli et Worado comite palati" to meet "in…Saxonis…Theodericus comes, propinquus regis"[22], the relationship probably being through the wife of Theoderic [I]. "Carolus…rex Francorum et Langobardorum" gave a judgment by charter dated to [Dec 775] which names "fidelibus…Widrigo, Odrigo, Theodrico, Bernehardo, Albuino, Aginhardo, Berngario comitibus et Anshelmo comite palacii nostri"[23]. Einhard records that Charles I King of the Franks sent "Theodorico comite et Meginfredo camerario suo" to "aquilonalem Danubii ripam" in 791[24]. "Willelmus…comes" names "genitore meo Theuderico et genitrice mea Aldana" in his charter dated 14 Dec 804 (version two: dated 15 Dec 804) for the foundation of the monastery of Gellone[25].

a) TEUDOIN (-826 or after). "Willelmus…comes" names "fratribus meis Theudoino et Adalelmo" (version two: "fratre meo Teodoino et Teoderico et Adalelmo") in his charter dated 14 Dec 804 (version two: dated 15 Dec 804) for the foundation of the monastery of Gellone. Comte d'Autun 804/26.

b) GUILLAUME ([750/55]-Gellone [28 May [812/13]/21 May 815]). Comte de Toulouse, Marquis de Septimanie.

i) BERNARD ([795]-executed Toulouse Saint-Sernin 844). "Willelmus…comes" names "filiabus meis et filiis Barnardo, Witchario, Gotcelmo, Helimbruch" (version two: "filios meos et filias Witcario, Hildehelmo et Helinbruch") in his charter dated 14 Dec 804 (version two: dated 15 Dec 804) for the foundation of the monastery of Gellone, Bernard being named in only one of the versions[26]. Flodoard refers to "Bernardo comiti Tolosano, propinquo suo [Teodulfo comite]"[27]. Thegan's Vita Hludowici Imperatoris records that "quondam duce Bernhardo, qui erat de stirpe regali" was accused of violating "Iudith reginam" but comments that this was all lies[28]. Comte d'Autun until 830. Marquis de Septimanie until 831. He was installed as Count of Barcelona in 827 or before. Einhard's Annales name "Bernhardus…Barcinonæ comes" in 827[29]. The Annales Fuldenses record that "Barnhardus comes Barcinonensis" was made camerarius in the palace in 829[30]. Emperor Louis I appointed "Bernard Duke of Septimania" as his chamberlain and entrusted his son Charles to him, but he "recklessly abused the imperial power…and undermined it entirely". He was banished to Septimania in [Apr 830] by the emperor's sons who rebelled against their father[31]. The Annales Bertiniani record that "præfatus Bernardus" fled to Barcelona in 830[32]. The Vita Hludowici Imperatoris records that "Bernhardus" fled into exile in Spain and was deprived of his honours [in 831][33]. The same source records that "Werinus et Bernhardus comites" gathered a force in Burgundy and reached "Matronam fluvium" [in 834][34]. The Annales Bertiniani record that "Bernardus comes marcæ Hispanicæ" was sentenced to death in 844[35]. The Annales Xantenses record that "Bernhardus comes" was killed "a Karolo" in 844, after which "filio Bernhardi" and "Pippinus rex Aquitainiæ, filius Pippini" defeated the king's army[36]. The Annales Fuldenses record that "Karolus" killed "Bernhardum Barcenonensium ducem" in 844 "incautem et nihil ab eo suspicantem"[37].

(a) BERNARD "Plantevelue" (Uzès 22 Mar 841-[20 Jun 885/16 Aug 886], maybe 6 Jan 886). The Manual of Dhuoda records the birth "XI Kal Apr", in the year following the death of Emperor Louis, at "Uzecia urbes" of the second child [Bernard] of Doda and her husband Bernard[38]. The Annales Bertiniani name "rex markiones Bernardum scilicet Tolosæ et iterum Bernardum Gothiæ, itemque Bernardum alium" in 868[39]. Lay Abbot of Brioude 857/68. Comte d'Autun 864/69, deposed. Comte de Rodez 864/74. Comte d'Auvergne after 872. The Annales Bertiniani name "Bernardum Arvenicum comitem" in 877[40]. He obtained the county of Mâcon during the wars between the Carolingians and the Bosonids[41]. The 13th century obituary of the Eglise primatiale de Lyon records the death "VIII Id Jan" of "Bernardus comes"[42].

ii) THEODERIC [IV] (-soon after 826). The Manual of Dhuoda names (in order) "Willelmus, Chungundis, Gariberga, Vuithbergis, Teddericus, Gothzelmus, Guarnarius, Rothlindis" as relatives of Bernard, husband of Doda[43], which suggests that the last four named were the children of Guillaume by his second wife "Vuithbergis", assuming that all four were his children. Comte d'Autun. "Theodericus comes in Augustiduno civitate" issued a charter dated Dec 815 subscribed by "Dotinus, Ado, Bligario vicecomite, Girbaudus vicarius"[44]. "Fredelus advocatus Hildebrandi comitis" is named in a judgment of "Theodericus comes" in a charter dated Mar 818[45]. The judgment of "Theoderico comite" ordered the restitution of property at Baugy claimed by "Fulchardus advocatus…Nivelongo comiti" in a charter dated Apr 818[46].

It is likely that Ekkehard and his brother Bernard were related to the family of Theoderic [I], set out above, but the precise relationship has not been identified.

1. EKKEHARD [Ecchard], son of CHILDEBRAND [III] & his wife Dunna --- ([810/15]-8 Apr [876/77], bur monastère de Fleury-sur-Loire, Nièvre). "Hludovvicus…imperator augustus" granted land at Perrecy in Autun to "fideli nostro Ecchardo" by charter dated 29 Dec 839[47]. The Annales Bertiniani record that "filii Etkardi comitis duo, item Eokardus, Guntardus et Richuinus comites" were captured at the siege of Toulouse in 844[48], Settipani suggesting that "item Eokardus" refers to Ekkehard son of Childebrand [III] and his wife Dunna[49]. Ekkehard was one of the rebels against King Charles "le Chauve" in 858. Invested as Comte de Chalon in 863, Comte d'Autun et de Mâcon in 873. A charter dated to [866/75] relates to a dispute between "Vulfaldum episcopum et Heccardum comitem" concerning land at Perrecy, heard before "Leudo episcopus et Adelardus comes missi dominici in comitatu Augustidunense", refers to a charter "de temporibus domni Pipini regis sive de nomen Nivelongi"[50].

2. BERNARD "le Veau" (-murdered 872). Settipani quotes a list from Faremoutiers which names "Hiltibrandus mo[nachos]…Theoterichus com[es], Hæckardus, Bernardus…", suggesting that the last three were brothers, sons of the first named[51]. He was invested as Comte d'Autun by King Louis "le Bègue" in 868. Bernard was murdered by Bernard "Plantevelue" Comte d'Auvergne [Aquitaine], who had been dispossessed as Comte d'Autun in favour of Comte Bernard. "Heccardus comes" names "germani mei Bernardi" in his testamentary disposition dated to [Jan 876][52].

1. BERNARD, son of BERNARD Comte en Poitou & his wife Bilichildis du Maine (-after 879). The Annales Bertiniani name "rex markiones Bernardum scilicet Tolosæ et iterum Bernardum Gothiæ, itemque Bernardum alium" in 868[53]. He took control of Poitou, without being installed as Count, and was installed as Marquis of Septimania, Comte de Berry and Comte d'Autun in 876. He was deprived of his territories in 877 by Hugues "l'Abbé" who installed Rainulf II Comte de Poitou in his place. The Annales Bertiniani name "Bernardum Gothiæ markionem" in 877[54]. Pope John VIII excommunicated "Bernardum filium Bernardi et Belihildis" in 879[55]. He rebelled against Bernard "Plantevelue" in 879 but was defeated. The Annales Bertiniani record the rebellion of "Bernardi markionis" in 878[56]. The Gesta regum Francorum records in 880 the submission of "Bernhardum" to "filiis Hludowici" during their fight against "Buosenem in Gallia"[57], although it is not certain that this refers to the same person.

It is likely that Theoderic [VI] was related to the families of Ekkehard and Theoderic [I], set out above, but the precise relationship has not been identified.

1. THEODERIC [VI] "le Trésorier", son of --- (-882 or 883). A document issued by Charles II "le Chauve" King of the West Franks dated Nov 853 names "Pardulus episcopus, Altmarus, Theodacrus" as missi in "Lauduniso, Portiano, Suessonico, Urciso et Vadiro"[58]. He was invested as Comte d'Autun in 878 by King Louis II "le Bègue". The Annales Bertiniani record his resignation of Autun in 879 after Boso disputed his possession of it[59]. He took the villa of Perrecy on the death of his brother.

1. RICHARD, son of comte BUVINUS [Bouvin] & his wife --- d'Arles (-[31 Aug or 1 or 29 Sep] 921, bur Abbaye de Sainte-Colombe de Sens, Yonne). The Annales Bertiniani name "Richardus frater Bosonis" when recording that, after the capture of Vienne by the forces of King Carloman, he took “uxorem Bosonis et filiam eius” back to “comitatum suum Augustudensem” in 882[60]. Comte in 876, subsequently assuming the role of his brother Boson as missus in Italy in early 877, when the latter was recalled by Emperor Charles II. Comte d'Autun. “Carlomannus…Rex” restored property “villam Taniacum” to the church of Autun, at the request of “Richardi Comiti Augustodensis”, by charter dated 1 Dec 880, the text ending with “Theodoricus Comes ambasciavit”[61]. He established himself in the future duchy of Burgundy, north of his brother's realm, with his capital at Autun. He was invested as lay abbot of Saint-Symphorien by Carloman King of the East Franks in 880. He succeeded his wife's uncle Hugues l'Abbé as Comte d'Auxerre in 886. He led the Carolingian army which besieged his brother King Boso at Vienne in 882. The counties in Burgundy, except Mâcon, submitted to him. In 890 he was referred to as dux, marchio in 900, and dux Burgundionem in 918/921, later known as RICHARD "le Justicier" Duke of Burgundy.

B. SEIGNEURS de BOURBON-LANCY

1. ANSEDEUS . "Ansedei de Burbon, Ansedeii filii eius, Wichardi filii eius…" subscribed the charter of "Hugo comes" under which he donated property to Paray-le-Monial, dated to before 1039[62]. 1030. m ---. The wife of Ansedeus is not known. Ansedeus & his wife had two children:

a) ANSEDEUS . "Ansedei de Burbon, Ansedeii filii eius, Wichardi filii eius…" subscribed the charter of "Hugo comes" under which he donated property to Paray-le-Monial, dated to before 1039[63]. 1030/1049. m ---. The wife of Ansedeus is not known. Ansedeus & his wife had two children:

i) ANSEDEUS . 1056/1087. m WILELMA, daughter of ---. She became a nun at Marcigny[64]. Ansedeus & his wife had two children:

(a) DALMAS . "Domnus Dalmatius de Borbon…laudante filio suo Falcone" donated property to Paray-le-Monial by undated charter[65]. "Miles domnus Dalmatius…Agnes uxor eius filiique Falco et Wichardus" donated property to Paray-le-Monial by undated charter[66]. m AGNES, daughter of ---. "Miles domnus Dalmatius…Agnes uxor eius filiique Falco et Wichardus" donated property to Paray-le-Monial by undated charter[67]. Dalmas & his wife had four children:

(1) FOULQUES . "Domnus Dalmatius de Borbon…laudante filio suo Falcone" donated property to Paray-le-Monial by undated charter[68]. "Miles domnus Dalmatius…Agnes uxor eius filiique Falco et Wichardus" donated property to Paray-le-Monial by undated charter[69].

- SEIGNEURS de BOURBON-LANCY[70].

(2) GUICHARD . "Miles domnus Dalmatius…Agnes uxor eius filiique Falco et Wichardus" donated property to Paray-le-Monial by undated charter[71].

(3) HUMBERT . 1077.

(4) BARTHELEMY . 1077.

(b) ANSEDEUS de Charolles . m CLAIRE, daughter of ---.

- SEIGNEURS de BOURBON-LANCY[72].

ii) HUMBERT [I] de Bourbon-Lancy . m ERMENGARDE de Chalon, daughter of THIBAUT Comte de Chalon & his wife Ermentrude ---. "Ermengardis" made a donation to Cluny dated Nov 1083, naming "Teudbaldus comes Cabilonensis" (although not specifying that she was his daughter), witnessed by "Humbertus de Borbon…viri mei" and "Humbertum filium nostrum puerulum monachum ad serviendum Deo in ipso loco"[73]. This is supplemented by the undated charter which records that "post mortem eius [comes domus Tetbaldus] filius eius domnus Hugo" agreed with "domnun Unbertum" to give "sororem Hermengardam in conjugium", before stating that "prædicta Hermengardis sentiens sibi mortem vicinam" wished to donate property to the abbey of Paray-le-Moniale, naming "filium Unbertum puerulum" whom she "obtulit Deo", which "[viri sui] domnus Unbertus" later donated by an undated charter[74]. Dame de Digoine. Humbert & his wife had one child:

(a) HUMBERT . "Ermengardis" made a donation to Cluny dated Nov 1083, naming "Teudbaldus comes Cabilonensis" (although not specifying that she was his daughter), witnessed by "Humbertus de Borbon…viri mei" and "Humbertum filium nostrum puerulum monachum ad serviendum Deo in ipso loco"[75]. Monk at Cluny.

b) GUICHARD de Bourbon-Lancy (-after [1055/65]). "Ansedei de Burbon, Ansedeii filii eius, Wichardi filii eius…" subscribed the charter of "Hugo comes" under which he donated property to Paray-le-Monial, dated to before 1039[76]. "Guichard [de Bourbon-Lancy]" donated property to the abbey of Marcigny-sur-Loire when "ma fille vierge nommé Cécile" was about to become a nun "approuvé par mon fils Dalmace" by charter dated to [1055/65][77]. m MATHILDE de Semur, daughter DALMAS [I] Seigneur de Semur & his wife Aremburge ---. The origin of the wife of Guichard de Bourbon-Lancy is proved by the charter dated to [1098/1109] under which "Dalmacius Borbonensis" (this couple's son) donated property to the abbey of Marcigny-sur-Loire in which he names "avunculus meus domnus Hugo abbas Cluniacensis"[78]. Bouchard highlights that she is named as Mathilde only by Jean Richard in his study of the cartulary of Marcigny, not in the actual charters[79]. The four daughters of Dalmas [I] Seigneur de Semur are named in the "Notes historiques sur le prieuré de Marcigny", included in the cartulary of Marcigny-sur-Loire, (in order) "…Materdis, Adalaidæ et Cecilæ atque Evellæ"[80]. Other sources name the husbands of Adelaide and "Evella" [Hélie]. It is not impossible that the wife of Guichard was the daughter named Cécile. Guichard & his wife had two children:

i) DALMAS de Bourbon-Lancy . "Guichard [de Bourbon-Lancy]" donated property to the abbey of Marcigny-sur-Loire when "ma fille vierge nommé Cécile" was about to become a nun "approuvé par mon fils Dalmace" by charter dated to [1055/65][81]. "Dalmacius Borbonensis" donated property to the abbey of Marcigny-sur-Loire by charter dated to [1098/1109] in which he names "avunculus meus domnus Hugo abbas Cluniacensis"[82]. m WILLELMA, daughter of ---. "Dalmacius Borbonensis et eius frater Wichardus necnon et Willelmus Fortis qui eorum habet sororem" donated property to the abbey of Marcigny-sur-Loire "pro eorum matre Willelma" who was about to become a nun there, by charter dated to [after 1130?][83]. Dalmas & his wife had three children:

(a) DALMAS . "Dalmacius Borbonensis et eius frater Wichardus necnon et Willelmus Fortis qui eorum habet sororem" donated property to the abbey of Marcigny-sur-Loire "pro eorum matre Willelma" who was about to become a nun there, by charter dated to [after 1130?][84].

(b) GUICHARD . "Dalmacius Borbonensis et eius frater Wichardus necnon et Willelmus Fortis qui eorum habet sororem" donated property to the abbey of Marcigny-sur-Loire "pro eorum matre Willelma" who was about to become a nun there, by charter dated to [after 1130?][85].

(c) daughter . "Dalmacius Borbonensis et eius frater Wichardus necnon et Willelmus Fortis qui eorum habet sororem" donated property to the abbey of Marcigny-sur-Loire "pro eorum matre Willelma" who was about to become a nun there, by charter dated to [after 1130?][86]. m GUILLAUME "Fortis" ---.

ii) CECILE . "Guichard [de Bourbon-Lancy]" donated property to the abbey of Marcigny-sur-Loire when "ma fille vierge nommé Cécile" was about to become a nun "approuvé par mon fils Dalmace" by charter dated to [1055/65][87].

C. SEIGNEURS de DIGOIN

1. JOSSERAND de Digoin . Seigneur de Digoin. "Jocerannus de Digonia" donated property to Cluny, confirmed after his death by "Letbaudus de Digonia filius eius…filius ipsius Leubaudi, Letbaudus iunior", by two undated charters which refer to the unnamed wife of "Letbaudus [senior]"[88]. "...Joceranni de Digonio..." subscribed the charter dated to [993/1048] under which "Bernardus" donated property "in episcopatu Matisconensi in villa Marziaco..." to Cluny[89]. m ---. The name of Josserand´s wife is not known. Josserand & his wife had one child:

a) LIEBAUD [I] de Digoin (-[after 1105]). "Jocerannus de Digonia" donated property to Cluny, confirmed after his death by "Letbaudus de Digonia filius eius…filius ipsius Leubaudi, Letbaudus iunior", by two undated charters which refer to the unnamed wife of "Letbaudus [senior]"[90]. Seigneur de Digoin. "...Letbaldus [de] Digonia..." subscribed the charter dated to [1080] under which "Domnus Hugo de Bitiaco...Joceranno de Coperia" donated property "in pago Matiscensi, Casales...molendini..." to Cluny[91]. A charter dated 1105, before 18 Jan, records that "Bernardum de Cacchiaco cum coniuge sua Girberga..." donated "æccleias Quadrellæ" to Cluny, and that "Leotbaldus Digoniensis pater, Leotbaldusque filius eius" later challenged the donation but reached a settlement with the abbot[92]. m --- [de Beaujeu], daughter of GUICHARD [III] Seigneur [de Beaujeu] & his wife Richoara [de Salornay]. The origin of the wife of Liébaud de Digoin is determined from the second charter dated [1055] under which "Richoara uxor Wichardi de Bellojoco" donated the church of Vitry with the consent of "viro meo Wichardo et filiis meis Humberto et Dalmatio et filiabus meis" to Cluny, which confirms that after the death of Richoara "Lebaldus de Igonia gener eius" was obliged to accept this donation to settle a dispute with the abbey[93]. Liébaud [I] & his wife had one child:

i) LIEBAUD [II] de Digoin (-after 25 Jul 1128). "Jocerannus de Digonia" donated property to Cluny, confirmed after his death by "Letbaudus de Digonia filius eius…filius ipsius Leubaudi, Letbaudus iunior", by two undated charters which refer to the unnamed wife of "Letbaudus [senior]"[94]. "Leotbaldus de Digonia...Girardus filius Ledbaldi de Digonia..." witnessed the charter dated 25 Jul 1128 under which "Robertus Dalmacii filius iterum Roberti Dalmacii" confirmed the donation of "mansum de Columnis" to Cluny[95]. m ---. The name of Liébaud´s wife is not known. Liébaud [II] & his wife had one child:

(1) GERARD de Digoin . "Leotbaldus de Digonia...Girardus filius Ledbaldi de Digonia..." witnessed the charter dated 25 Jul 1128 under which "Robertus Dalmacii filius iterum Roberti Dalmacii" confirmed the donation of "mansum de Columnis" to Cluny[96].

1. HUGUES de Digoin (-[Dec 1228/Dec 1233]). "Homines mei...Hugo de Digonia...Guichardus de Digonia..." witnessed the charter dated 1205 under which Beatrix Ctss de Chalon settled a dispute concerning "ville Paredi et Toloni" with Cluny[97]. Another charter dated 1205 concerning the same subject was witnessed by "...Hugone de Digonia et Guicardo fratre eius..."[98]. Seigneur de Digoin. "Milites mei...Hugo dominus de Digonia..." witnessed the charter dated 1212 under which Beatrix Ctss de Chalon donated property to Cluny[99]. "Dominum Hugonem de Digonia" is named as guarantor in a charter dated 23 Sep 1220 under which Jean Comte de Chalon settled disputes with Cluny[100]. "Milites...Hugo de Digonia...Guichardus de Digonia..." witnessed the charter dated Dec 1228 under which Jean Comte de Chalon granted rights relating to “Paredo et de Tolono” to Cluny[101]. m --- (-after May 1238). The name of Hugues´s wife is not known. "Willelmum dominum de Digonia" confirmed the donation to Cluny of “mansum...Martholei” made by “Andreas de Ver domicellus...et mater eius ac uxor eiusdem” by charter dated May 1238[102]. Hugues & his wife had [two children]:

a) [GUILLAUME de Digoin (-after Feb 1244). Seigneur de Digoin. "Nobiles viri Willelmus, dominus de Digonia...milites" witnessed the charter dated Dec 1233 under which Guillaume Bishop of Chalon confirmed a donation to Cluny made by “Willelmus de Rossillon domicellus quondam frater noster...” to Cluny[103]. "Willelmum dominum de Digonia" confirmed the donation to Cluny of “mansum...Martholei” made by “Andreas de Ver domicellus...et mater eius ac uxor eiusdem” by charter dated May 1238[104]. “Noble seigneur Guillaume de Digoine...aussy...Alix sa femme et aussy...ses enfants” granted privileges to the town of Digoin by charter dated Jul 1238[105]. "Guillermus dominus de Digonia et Hugo frater eius, Robertus Dalmatii et Gaufridi Viridi milites" confirmed an obligation to Cluny of “Renaudus dominus Busseriæ” by charter dated Feb 1244[106]. m (before May 1238) ---. "Willelmum dominum de Digonia" confirmed the donation to Cluny of “mansum...Martholei” made by “Andreas de Ver domicellus...et mater eius ac uxor eiusdem” by charter dated May 1238[107].

b) [HUGUES de Digoin (-after Feb 1244). “Joceran seigneur de Brancion” attested that “Hugues de Digoine” had received “sa maison du Châtelet” as a fief from Hugues IV Duke of Burgundy by charter dated Aug 1242[108]. “Hugues de Digoine chevalier” attested that he had received “sa maison de Chatelet...ainsi que les villes d´Oudry et d´Auges” as fiefs from Hugues IV Duke of Burgundy by charter dated Aug 1242[109]. "Guillermus dominus de Digonia et Hugo frater eius, Robertus Dalmatii et Gaufridi Viridi milites" confirmed an obligation to Cluny of “Renaudus dominus Busseriæ” by charter dated Feb 1244[110].

2. GUICHARD de Digoin (-after Dec 1228). "Homines mei...Hugo de Digonia...Guichardus de Digonia..." witnessed the charter dated 1205 under which Beatrix Ctss de Chalon settled a dispute concerning "ville Paredi et Toloni" with Cluny[111]. Another charter dated 1205 concerning the same subject was witnessed by "...Hugone de Digonia et Guicardo fratre eius..."[112]. "Milites...Hugo de Digonia...Guichardus de Digonia..." witnessed the charter dated Dec 1228 under which Jean Comte de Chalon granted rights relating to “Paredo et de Tolono” to Cluny[113].

Chapter 2. COMTES d'ATUYER

The pagus Attoariorum, also known as Hattuarii and Atoariensis, lay west of the river Saône and comprised the eastern part of the archdeaconate of Dijon, within the diocesis of Langres, and the archdeaconate of Oscheret, in the diocesis of Chalon. It was named after the Hattuarii, a Germanic people who also founded the pagus Hattuariensis north of Köln. Its territory was reduced to the area which was later covered by the doyennés of Fouvent and Bèze after the separation of the pagus Oscarensis, dated to [836/52][114]. As shown below, records relating the comtes d´Atuyer have been found in primary sources from the late 9th century to the mid-11th. After that date, it is assumed that the county was subsumed into the neighbouring county of Dijon or formed part of the territory governed directly by the dukes of Burgundy, although corroboration for this assumption has not yet been found in any of the primary sources so far consulted during the preparation of the present document. The Chronicle of St Pierre de Bèze records the foundation of the monastery of Saint-Pierre de Bèze "inter fluvium…Araris et Sagunna, et fluvium…Tyla…qui Besuus dicitur", which describes a location within the county of Atuyer[115].

A. COMTES d'ATUYER (FAMILY of AMEDEE)

AMEDEE, son of --- (-after 827). He owned land as vassal of the abbey of St Bénigne, and land at Lecey as vassal of the bishop of Langres. m ---. The identity of the wife of Amedée is not known.

Amedée & his wife had two children:

1. ANSCHIER (-[1 Dec 898/Mar 902]). The primary source which confirms his parentage has not yet been identified. Comte d’Oscheret 877-888. Counsellor of Boson King of [Provence]. Together with his brother and Foulques Archbishop of Reims, he invited Guido II Duke of Spoleto to become king of France in opposition to Emperor Karl III “der Dicke” who had delivered Burgundy to the Vikings after his accession in 884. Anschier accompanied Guido back to Italy after the election of Eudes as king of France in 888. In Italy, he remained as counsellor to Guido di Spoleto, took part in the campaigns against Arnulf King of Germany who invaded Italy in 894 and 896, and became Marchese di Ivrea in [898/902].

- MARCHESI di IVREA.

2. GUY (-killed in battle near the River Trebbia early 889). Comte d’Atuyer. A supporter of Charles II “le Chauve” King of the West Franks. Together with his brother and Foulques Archbishop of Reims, he invited Guido II Duke of Spoleto to become king of France to oppose Emperor Karl III "der Dicke" who had delivered Burgundy to the Vikings after his accession in 884. He accompanied Guido back to Italy after the election of Eudes as king of France in 888.

B. COMTES d'ATUYER (FAMILY of COMTES de DIJON)

HUGUES [II] de Dijon, son of HUGUES [I] Comte de Dijon & his wife Adalburgis --- . The Chronicle of St Pierre de Bèze records a donation by "Gibuinus et neptis mea Eraungardis" made "pro remedio animæ fratris mei Hugonis" which also names "Gibuini proavi mei et filii eius Hugonis…et Hugonis patris mei" and "fratres mei Hugo et Wido" and "sponso eius [nepti] Fulcone"[116], undated but placed in the compilation several pages after the record of another donation dated 1043. The Chronicle of St Bénigne de Dijon records the death of "Hugo comes Divionensis" and a donation by "Adalburgis comitissa uxor eius" for his soul "cum laude filiorum ipsius Gibuini Catalauennsis Episcopi et Richardi qui post eum hunc tenuit comitatum et Hugonis Attoariorum comitis", the brothers later in the same passage recorded as having donated further land "post obitum matris"[117]. Comte d'Atuyer. Seigneur de Beaumont.

m ERMENGARD, daughter of ---. The Chronicle of St Pierre de Bèze records a donation by "nobilis matrona Ermengardis" made "pro remedio animæ…senioris sui Hugonis, filiique sui Widonis…defunctus" naming "filii ipsius Hugo et Nerduinus simul Gibuinus", undated and with little clues as to the date from adjacent records of donations[118]. "Gibuinus" restored property "predium…Vuarua" to Dijon Saint-Etienne, bought by "pater meus Hugo comes" and donated for the souls of "patris mei Hugonis comitis et matris mee Hermingardis et fratris mei Norduini et filiorum eius Odonis et Hugonis", and made a donation "pro Hugone nepote meo", by undated charter, signed by "Roberti ducis et uxoris sue…"[119], dated to [1034] by Petit[120]. The unusual name "Narduin" given to her son suggests that she may be Ermengard, daughter of Narduin & his wife Odilia ---, but there is no proof that this is correct. This hypothesis also appears sustainable from a chronological point of view, although no dates are known for either Hugues or his wife.

Comte Hugues [II] & his wife had four children:

1. HUGUES [III] d'Atuyer . The Chronicle of St Pierre de Bèze records a donation by "Gybuinus clericus, frater Hugonis castri Bellimontis" which names "Ulrico nepoti meo" dated 1044[121]. Comte d'Atuyer. Seigneur de Beaumont. m LETGARDE, daughter of ---. The Chronicle of St Pierre de Bèze records a donation "pro remedio animæ Odonis optimi militis atque…juventutis filii Nerduini, ictu repentino interfecti" which names "avunculus eius Hugo comes Belmontensis et ipsius Odonis uxor Gertrudis, fraterque eiusdem Hugo servum Teodericum" which also names "Gibuinus frater supradicti militis" dated 1034, signed by "Hugonis comitis, Letgardis comitissæ, Gertrudis uxoris Odonis militis, Gybuini, Richardi, Nerduini filii eius"[122]. Comte Hugues [III] & his wife had two children:

a) ULRIC d'Atuyer . The Chronicle of St Pierre de Bèze records a donation by "Gybuinus clericus, frater Hugonis castri Bellimontis" which names "Ulrico nepoti meo" dated 1044[123]. The Chronicle of St Pierre de Bèze records a donation subscribed by "Odolrici Belmontis filii Hugonis comitis" dated 1043[124].

b) ERMENGARD d'Atuyer . The Chronicle of St Pierre de Bèze records a donation by "Gibuinus et neptis mea Eraungardis" made "pro remedio animæ fratris mei Hugonis" which also names "Gibuini proavi mei et filii eius Hugonis…et Hugonis patris mei" and "fratres mei Hugo et Wido" and "sponso eius [nepti] Fulcone"[125], undated but placed in the compilation several pages after the record of another donation dated 1043. She was heiress of Beaumont, which passed to her children. m FOULQUES de Mailly, son of ---. The Chronicle of St Pierre de Bèze records a donation by "Gybuinus clericus, frater Hugonis castri Bellimontis" which names "Fulco qui neptem eius in matrimonio", undated but following another record dated 1044[126].

2. GEBUIN d'Atuyer . "Quædam mulier nomine Ezelina uxor Nerduini militis" donated property to Saint-Bénigne de Dijon for the soul of her husband by charter dated Oct 1027, with "Gibuinus frater supradicti militus…" among those present[127]. "Gibuinus" restored property "predium…Vuarua" to Dijon Saint-Etienne, bought by "pater meus Hugo comes" and donated for the souls of "patris mei Hugonis comitis et matris mee Hermingardis et fratris mei Norduini et filiorum eius Odonis et Hugonis", and made a donation "pro Hugone nepote meo", by undated charter, signed by "Roberti ducis et uxoris sue…"[128], dated to [1034] by Petit[129]. The Chronicle of St Pierre de Bèze records a donation by "Gibuinus et neptis mea Eraungardis" made "pro remedio animæ fratris mei Hugonis" which also names "Gibuini proavi mei et filii eius Hugonis…et Hugonis patris mei" and "fratres mei Hugo et Wido" and "sponso eius [nepti] Fulcone"[130], undated but placed in the compilation several pages after the record of another donation dated 1043. m ---. The name of Gebuin's wife is not known. Gebuin & his wife had one child:

a) HUGUES d'Atuyer . The primary source which confirms his existence has not yet been identified. Son of Gebuin, according to Bouchard, he was largely responsible for founding the church of Notre-Dame at Losne[131].

3. NARDUIN d'Atuyer (-Oct 1027 or before). "Gibuinus" restored property "predium…Vuarua" to Dijon Saint-Etienne, bought by "pater meus Hugo comes" and donated for the souls of "patris mei Hugonis comitis et matris mee Hermingardis et fratris mei Norduini et filiorum eius Odonis et Hugonis", and made a donation "pro Hugone nepote meo", by undated charter, signed by "Roberti ducis et uxoris sue…"[132], dated to [1034] by Petit[133]. The Chronicle of St Pierre de Bèze records a donation by "Gybuinus clericus" with "fratris sui Nerduini, filiorumque eius nepotum suorum, Oddonis et Hugonis"[134], undated but recorded with a donation dated 1036 in the compilation. "Gybuinus clericus" donated property to Saint-Bénigne de Dijon for the souls of "fratris sui Nerduini, filiorumque eius nepotum suorum Oddonis…et Hugonis", undated in the compilation[135]. m EZELINA, daughter of ---. The Chronicle of St Pierre de Bèze records a donation by "mulier Ezelina uxor Nerduini militis" made "pro redemptione animæ præscripti mariti" which also names "Gibuinus frater supradicti militis" dated 1027[136]. "Quædam mulier nomine Ezelina uxor Nerduini militis" donated property to Saint-Bénigne de Dijon for the soul of her husband by charter dated Oct 1027, with "Gibuinus frater supradicti militus…" among those present[137]. Narduin & his wife had two children:

a) ODO d'Atuyer . "Gibuinus" restored property "predium…Vuarua" to Dijon Saint-Etienne, bought by "pater meus Hugo comes" and donated for the souls of "patris mei Hugonis comitis et matris mee Hermingardis et fratris mei Norduini et filiorum eius Odonis et Hugonis", and made a donation "pro Hugone nepote meo", by undated charter, signed by "Roberti ducis et uxoris sue…"[138], dated to [1034] by Petit[139]. "Gybuinus clericus" donated property to Saint-Bénigne de Dijon for the souls of "fratris sui Nerduini, filiorumque eius nepotum suorum Oddonis…et Hugonis", undated in the compilation[140]. The Chronicle of St Pierre de Bèze records a donation "pro remedio animæ Odonis optimi militis atque…juventutis filii Nerduini, ictu repentino interfecti" which names "avunculus eius Hugo comes Belmontensis et ipsius Odonis uxor Gertrudis, fraterque eiusdem Hugo servum Teodericum" which also names "Gibuinus frater supradicti militis" dated 1034, signed by "Hugonis comitis, Letgardis comitissæ, Gertrudis uxoris Odonis militis, Gybuini, Richardi, Nerduini filii eius"[141]. m GERTRUDE, daughter of ---. The Chronicle of St Pierre de Bèze records a donation "pro remedio animæ Odonis optimi militis atque…juventutis filii Nerduini, ictu repentino interfecti" which names "…ipsius Odonis uxor Gertrudis, fraterque eiusdem Hugo servum Teodericum", dated 1034, signed by "…Gertrudis uxoris Odonis militis…"[142]. Odo & his wife had one child:

i) NARDUIN d'Atuyer . The Chronicle of St Pierre de Bèze records a donation "pro remedio animæ Odonis optimi militis atque…juventutis filii Nerduini, ictu repentino interfecti", dated 1034[143].

b) HUGUES d'Atuyer . "Gibuinus" restored property "predium…Vuarua" to Dijon Saint-Etienne, bought by "pater meus Hugo comes" and donated for the souls of "patris mei Hugonis comitis et matris mee Hermingardis et fratris mei Norduini et filiorum eius Odonis et Hugonis", and made a donation "pro Hugone nepote meo", by undated charter, signed by "Roberti ducis et uxoris sue…"[144], dated to [1034] by Petit[145]. "Gybuinus clericus" donated property to Saint-Bénigne de Dijon for the souls of "fratris sui Nerduini, filiorumque eius nepotum suorum Oddonis…et Hugonis", undated in the compilation[146].

4. GUY d'Atuyer . The Chronicle of St Pierre de Bèze records a donation by "Gibuinus et neptis mea Eraungardis" made "pro remedio animæ fratris mei Hugonis" which also names "Gibuini proavi mei et filii eius Hugonis…et Hugonis patris mei" and "fratres mei Hugo et Wido" and "sponso eius [nepti] Fulcone"[147], undated but placed in the compilation several pages after the record of another donation dated 1043. m ---. The name of Guy's wife is not known. Guy & his wife had one child:

a) ALBURGIS d'Atuyer . The Chronicle of St Pierre de Bèze records a donation by "Alburgis filia Wilenci fratris Hugonis senioris castri Belmontis" signed by "Pontii senioris eius, Widonis militis, Walterii militis", undated[148]. It is probable that "Wilenci" is a mistranscription for "Widoni", no other brother of this name being referred to in other sources. m PONCE, son of ---.

Chapter 3. COMTES et VICOMTES d'AUXERRE

The county of Auxerre lay in the north-west part of the duchy of Burgundy, straddling the river Yonne from north of the town of Auxerre to the town of Coulanges in the south. Its northern border was marked by the river Serein, tributary to the Yonne[149]. It was one of the earliest recorded Burgundian counties, which the Carolingian monarchs granted to, and confiscated from, their supporters from time to time as a reward for service to the crown (see Part A below). The county passed to Richard, brother of Boson King [of Provence], in 886 and remained as one of the secondary titles of the dukes of Burgundy until it was captured by Landry Comte de Nevers, in alliance with Robert II "le Pieux" King of France. The king awarded the county to his daughter as dowry, when he agreed her marriage with Comte Landry[150].

The county of Auxerre continued to be ruled by the comtes de Nevers until the end of the 12th century (see NEVERS, in this document, for details). The heiress of the three counties of Auxerre, Nevers and Tonnerre married (as his first wife) Pierre [II] Seigneur de Courtenay (who was later installed as Pierre I Latin Emperor of Constantinople). For the succeeding century, a succession of female heiresses resulted in the county of Auxerre passing through several different families. Mathilde de Courtenay succeeded her mother as Ctss d'Auxerre in 1192, but her father declared himself Comte d'Auxerre in 1199. The first husband of Mathilde, Hervé [IV] Seigneur de Donzy, succeeded as Comte d'Auxerre in 1219 after the death of his father-in-law[151]. After Hervé's death in 1222, his widow resumed control of the county until her own death in 1257. Auxerre (together with Nevers and Tonnerre) passed to her great-granddaughter Mathilde de Bourbon, who was heiress of her grandmother Agnes de Donzy (daughter of Hervé and Mathilde, and wife of Guy [I] de Châtillon-sur-Marne Comte de Saint-Pol) and of her mother Yolande de Châtillon (wife of Archambaud [IX] Sire de Bourbon [Dampierre]) both of whom had predeceased (respectively) their mother and grandmother.

Mathilde de Bourbon brought the three counties of Auxerre, Nevers and Tonnerre to the family of the Capet dukes of Burgundy through her marriage with Eudes de Bourgogne, son of Hugues IV Duke of Burgundy. After the death of Mathilde in 1262, followed by that of Eudes in 1266, succession to the three counties was disputed by their daughters. The dispute was eventually settled by agreement of the parlement 1 Nov 1273, under which the third daughter Alix, wife of Jean [II] de Chalon Seigneur de Rochefort (of the family of the counts of Burgundy), succeeded as Ctss d'Auxerre. Their descendants are set out in Part C. below.

A. COMTES d'AUXERRE 859-921

1. ERMENOLD . Comte d'Auxerre. Marin Bishop of Auxerre, contemporary of Charles I King of the West Franks (later Emperor Charlemagne), names "primus comes pagi Autissiodorensis Ermenoldus" in his acts and records his foundation of the monastery at Auxerre in honour of the Saviour[152].

1. CONRAD, son of CONRAD [Welf] Comte de Paris & his wife --- (-876). His parentage is deduced from Regino who names "Ruodolfus filius Chuonradi, nepos Huggonis abbatis"[153], the latter being recorded in the Miraculis Sancti Germani as "Hugo" one of the sons of "Chuonradus princeps", the patron of the church of Saint-Germain at Auxerre[154]. He helped save Charles II "le Chauve" King of the West Franks after the invasion of Ludwig II "der Deutsche" King of the East Franks. Comte d'Auxerre. He fell into disgrace in 861, and passed into the service of the sons of Emperor Lothar. He received from Geneva, Lausanne and Sion from Louis II King of Italy. Marquis of Transjurania in Dec 864.

- KINGS of BURGUNDY.

2. HUGUES "l'Abbé" (-Orléans 12 May 886, bur Saint-Germain d'Auxerre). The Miraculis Sancti Germani names "Hugo" as one of the sons of "Chuonradus princeps" who continued to patronise the church of Saint-Germain at Auxerre after their father's death[155]. Abbot of Saint-Germain d'Auxerre 853. Abbot of Saint-Germain d'Auxerre 853. Imperial missus in Auxerre 853. Abbot of Saint-Riquier until 861. Abbot of Saint-Bertin 859/62. He was a supporter of King Lothar 861/865. Elected Archbishop of Köln 864. Marquis de Neustrie, Comte de Tours et d'Angers 866: the Annales Bertiniani record that "Hugoni clerico, avunculi sui [=Karoli regis] Chonradi filio" received the counties of Tours and Angers in 866[156]. Comte d'Auxerre in [866], assuming that Hugues was appointed to succeed Robert "le Fort" in this as well as the latter's other counties, although the primary source which confirms this beyond doubt has not yet been identified. Abbot of Saint-Martin de Tours 866. Abbot of St Vaast, Arras [874]. Abbot of Saint-Aignan, Orléans before 876. Abbot of Saint-Julien d'Auxerre 877. Abbot of Sainte-Colombe de Sens 877. Chaplain of the imperial chapel [880]. The necrology of the cathedral of Saint-Germain d'Auxerre records the death 12 May of "Hugo abbas"[157].

1. ROBERT "le Fort" (-killed in battle Brissarthe 2 Jul 866). The question of the origin of Robert "le Fort" is discussed in detail in the document FRANCE CAPETIAN KINGS. A document issued by Charles II "le Chauve" King of the West Franks dated Nov 853 names "Dodo episcopus, Hrotbertus et Osbertus" as missi in "Cinnomannio, Andegavensi, atque Turonico, Corboniso, et Sagiso"[158]. He rebelled against King Charles II in 858. Robert submitted to the king's authority, when he was given command of the march of Neustria which had been confiscated from the Rorgonid family for supporting the revolt of Louis (later King Louis II) against his father[159]. Regino records that Charles II "le Chauve" King of the West Franks invested "Rodberto comiti" with "ducatum inter Ligerim et Sequanam adversum Brittones" in 861[160]. The Annales Bertiniani record that "Rodbertus" attacked "Salomone duce" [duke of Brittany] in 862[161]. The Annales record that King Charles´s son, the future King Louis II "le Bègue", rebelled against his father in 862 and, heading an army of Bretons, defeated "Rotbertum patris fidelem" in 862 and burned Angers yet again[162]. Count in the march of Anjou [862/63]: the creation of the "march" of Anjou is probably dated to the early 860s, as the Annales Bertiniani name "Rodberto, qui marchio in Andegavo fuerat" in 865[163]. However, this change of jurisdictional status must have been insufficient to control the Bretons and the Vikings as the mention of Robert in the Annales in 865 is in the context of King Charles imposing direct rule in the area by sending "Hludowicum filium suum" into "Neustriam" and granting him "comitatum Andegavensem et abbatiam Maioris-monasterii et quasdam villas illi", while Robert was compensated with "comitatum Autissiodorensem et comitatum Nivernensem". Comte d'Auxerre and Comte de Nevers 865. The Annales Bertiniani name "Rodbertus et Odo" as "præfecti" in the Seine valley area in 866 when recording that they repelled the Vikings who had sailed up river as far as "castrum Milidunum"[164]. The Annales Bertiniani record that "Rotbertum et Ramnulfum, Godtfridum quoque et Heriveum comites" were defeated by the Vikings at "Brieserta" in 866, where Robert was killed[165]. The Adonis Continuatio records that "Robertus quoque atque Ramnulfus…inter primos ipsi priores" were killed by the Vikings in 866[166].

1. GIRBAUD (-after 902). Comte d'Auxerre. The Chronicle of Saint-Benoît-sur-Loire records Viking incursions as far as Orléans, soon after the death of Emperor Charles II "le Chauve" (dated elsewhere to 877), which were repelled by Hugues l'Abbé and "Girbold…comte d'Auxerre"[167]. Comte Girbaud's participation in the siege of Paris of 886 is recorded[168]. m REINTRUDIS, daughter of --- & his wife Adela --- (-after 902). "Atila comitissa" donated property to Saint-Bénigne-de-Dijon "pro requie anime viri sui Milonis comitis" with the consent of "Girbaldus comes et Reintrudis uxor eius filia ipsius Atile" by charter dated 902[169].

1. RICHARD, son of comte BUVINUS [Bouvin] & his wife --- d'Arles (-[31 Aug or 1 or 29 Sep] 921, bur Abbaye de Sainte-Colombe de Sens, Yonne). The Annales Bertiniani name "Richardus frater Bosonis" when recording that, after the capture of Vienne by the forces of King Carloman, he took “uxorem Bosonis et filiam eius” back to “comitatum suum Augustudensem” in 882[170]. Comte in 876, subsequently assuming the role of his brother Boson as missus in Italy in early 877, when the latter was recalled by Emperor Charles II. Comte d'Autun. He established himself in the future duchy of Burgundy, north of his brother's realm, with his capital at Autun. He was invested as lay abbot of Saint-Symphorien by Carloman King of the East Franks in 880. He succeeded his wife's uncle Hugues l'Abbé as Comte d'Auxerre in 886. He led the Carolingian army which besieged his brother King Boso at Vienne in 882. The counties in Burgundy, except Mâcon, submitted to him. In 890 he was referred to as dux, marchio in 900, and dux Burgundionem in 918/921, later known as RICHARD "le Justicier" Duke of Burgundy.

B. VICOMTES d'AUXERRE

1. LEOTERIC (-4 Apr ----). The necrology of Auxerre cathedral records the death 4 Apr of "Leotericus vicecomes, huius ecclesiæ vexillarius"[171].

2. GAUTHIER (-18 Aug ----). The necrology of Auxerre cathedral records the death 18 Aug of "Walterius vicecomes"[172].

C. COMTES d'AUXERRE 1273-1440 (BOURGOGNE-COMTE)

The primary sources which confirm the names, relationships and marriages of the following family have not yet been identified, unless otherwise indicated below.

JEAN de Salins, son of JEAN [I] "le Sage/l'Antique" Comte de Chalon, later Sire de Salins [Bourgogne-Comté] & his second wife Isabelle de Courtenay (1243-before 10 Nov 1309). Seigneur de Rochefort: “Jehans cuens de Borguogne et sires de Salins” donated “Rochefort...Chevigny et...Bielne” to “Jehanz notre fil” in view of his marriage to “Ysabel srour Ferri duc de Lorrainne qui fut feme Guillaume cay en arriers conte de Vianne”, by charter dated Jun 1256[173]. “Jehans cuens de Boúrgoingne et sire de Salins” divided his territories between “nos autres enfants...Jehan notre aîné fils de la contesse Isabelle [le chastel de Bracon et le Bort]...Estevenet notre fils qui fut né après ledit Jehans de ladite Isabelle [le chastel de Rochefort...et le chastel de Montenot et la Tour de la Fontaine Benoite]...Perrin notre tier fils de ladite Ysabelle [Valampouliere...Chestelbelin...]...” by charter dated 2 Jan 1260[174]. “Jehans cuens de Bourgoigne et sires de Salins” granted “Rochefort, Saint-Juliain, Orgelet et Valnantois” to “es enfanz que nous avons de…Ysabel…Johan, Estevenet et Perrenin…dame Blanche dame de Biaujuel”, by charter dated 25 Mar 1263[175]. “Jehans cuens de Bourgoigne et sires de Salins” confirmed a grant to “Jehan de Chalon signour de Rochefort nostre fil” by charter dated 15 Dec 1266 for the dowry of “Ysabeal sa fame, fille…Mayhu duc de Loherainne[176]. He succeeded in 1273 as Comte d'Auxerre, by right of his second wife. “Jehans de Chalons sires de Roichefort et cuens d´Auceure et...Aaliz de Nevers contesse d´Auceure fame audit Jehan” transferred “la grange des Jarries” to “madame Agnes la dame de Brageloigne” by charter dated Jul 1274[177].

Betrothed (3 Jul 1255, terminated Jun 1256) to ADELHEID von Zollern, daughter of FRIEDRICH Burggraf von Nürnberg & his first wife Elizabeth von Andechs-Merano (-30 May [1307]). "Corraudus burgravii de Nuremberch et Fredericus filius eius" granted their rights "in comitatu Burgundie…et in regno Francie excepta advocatia Bisuntina", received from "Elisabeth uxore nostra sorore Ottonis quondam ducis Meranie", when agreeing the marriage of "Alis nata nostra burgravii iunioris" and "Johanne nato nobilis viri Johannis comitis Burgundie et domini Salinensis", by charter dated 3 Jul 1255[178]. The betrothal was terminated by charter dated Jun 1256[179]. "Ber[tholdus]…Babenbergensis Episcopus" appointed "consanguineus noster…Fridericus Burcravius de Nurenberc…filia sua Maria" as his heir in various properties, and if she died "aliam Adelheidam", in particular if "Cunradus frater dicti Burcravii" died childless, by charter dated 24 Apr 1262[180].

m firstly (1257) as her second husband, ISABELLE de Lorraine, widow of GUILLAUME de Vienne [Bourgogne-Comté], daughter of MATHIEU II Duke of Lorraine & his wife Catherine de Limbourg ([1231/34]-May 1266). “Jehans cuens de Borguogne et sires de Salins” donated “Rochefort...Chevigny et...Bielne” to “Jehanz notre fil” in view of his marriage to “Ysabel srour Ferri duc de Lorrainne qui fut feme Guillaume cay en arriers conte de Vianne”, by charter dated Jun 1256[181]. “Jehans cuens de Bourgoigne et sires de Salins” confirmed a grant to “Jehan de Chalon signour de Rochefort nostre fil” by charter dated 15 Dec 1266 for the dowry of “Ysabeal sa fame, fille…Mayhu duc de Loherainne”[182].

m secondly (église de Lantenay, Côte d'Or 1 Nov 1268) ALIX de Bourgogne, daughter of EUDES de Bourgogne Comte de Nevers, d'Auxerre et de Tonnerre & his wife Mathilde de Bourbon [Dampierre] Dame de Bourbon, Ctss de Nevers, d'Auxerre et de Tonnerre (1251-1279). An arrêt of the Parliament dated 1 Nov 1273 addressed “dominus Ioannes de Cabilone miles...de parte Aalesin uxorem suam...Yolandim comitissam Niverrnensem [...Robertum de Flandria eius maritum] et Margaretam reginam Siciliæ sorores suas” in respect of the succession of “Mathildis quondam comitissæ Nivernensis matris suæ”, ordered the partition of “Nivernensi, Altissiodorensi et Tornodorensi comitatib.”, under which Nevers was granted to Yolande, Tonnerre to Marguerite, and Auxerre to Alix[183]. Ctss d'Auxerre, Dame de Saint-Aignan et de Montjay. “Jehans de Chalons sires de Roichefort et cuens d´Auceure et...Aaliz de Nevers contesse d´Auceure fame audit Jehan” transferred “la grange des Jarries” to “madame Agnes la dame de Brageloigne” by charter dated Jul 1274[184].

m thirdly ([29 Jan 1290]) MARGUERITE de Beaujeu Dame de Saint-Julien, daughter of LOUIS de Forez Seigneur de Beaujeu et de Dombes & his wife Eléonore de Savoie (-1338 or after). "Jean de Châlon comte d´Auxerre" declared, at the time of his marriage to "Marguerite, fille de Louis sire de Beaujeu", that his father-in-law had agreed to make payment [of dowry] by charter dated 28 Jan 1290[185]. "Margarita de Bello-joco, relicta Joannis de Cabilone Comitis Autissiodorensis et domini de Rupeforti" renounced rights after her husband's death, by charter dated 5 Nov 1309[186].

Comte Jean & his second wife had one child:

1. GUILLAUME d'Auxerre ([1270]-killed in battle Mons-en-Puelle 9 Aug 1304). He succeeded his mother in 1279 as Comte d'Auxerre, under the regency of his father until 1283. His maternal aunt, Marguerite de Bourgogne Queen of Sicily, renounced the county of Tonnerre in his favour 2 Jan 1293, when he succeeded as Comte de Tonnerre, Seigneur de Monjay, Saint-Aignan, Selles and Valençay-en-Berry. He was killed fighting for Philippe IV King of France against the count of Flanders. m (Papal dispensation 4^o 7 Jan 1291[187], 12 Jan 1292) as her first husband, ELEONORE de Savoie, daughter of AMEDEE V Comte de Savoie & his first wife Sibylle de Bâgé ([1279]-1324). "Eleonora figlia del Conte Amedeo di Savoia e della Contessa Sibilla Moglie di Guglielmo di Chalon Conte d'Auxerre" renounced her rights of inheritance from her parents in favour of "suoi Padre e Madre, e di Oddoardo ed Aymone suoi fratelli" as part of the arrangements concerning her dowry, by charter dated "la festa di S. Vincenzo 1292"[188]. The marriage contract of "Domicellam Alienor filiam…domini Amedei comitis Sabaudiæ" and "Guillermus de Cabilone comes Altissiodorensis" is dated Jan 1292[189]. "Guglielmo di Chalon Conte d'Auxerres" donated property to "Eleonora figlia del Conte Amedeo di Savoia sua Moglie" in contemplation of marriage by charter dated 7 Jan 1292[190]. In the "Act of emancipation by her father" dated 25 Jan 1292, Eléonore is recorded as being 12 years old[191]. If this is correct, it is unlikely that her first child was born in 1292, as shown in Europäische Stammtafeln[192]. The testament of "Sibilla comitissa Sabaudiæ, dominaque Baugiaci, uxor…domini Amedei comitis Sabaudiæ" dated 1294 grants bequests to "…filiæ nostræ Elyonori, Guillermo comiti Altissiodorensi eius marito…filiæ nostræ Margaretæ…filiæ nostræ Agneti…filio nostro Aymoni…filium nostrum Eduardum…in pupillari ætate…illum quem gestamus in utero"[193]. She married secondly (1305) as his second wife, Dreux [IV] de Mello Seigneur de Sainte-Hermine, and thirdly, as his second wife, Jean [I] Comte de Forez. Comte Guillaume & his wife had two children:

a) JEAN [II] d'Auxerre ([1292]-1362). He succeeded his father in 1304 as Comte d'Auxerre.

- see below.

b) JEANNE de Chalon (1300-26 Oct 1360, bur Abbaye de Cîteaux). Ctss de Tonnerre. m (Chalon-sur-Saône 16 Jun 1321) ROBERT de Bourgogne, son of ROBERT II Duke of Burgundy & his wife Agnès de France ([15 Aug 1304/3 Mar 1305]-Dijon 13 or 19 Oct 1334, bur Abbaye de Cîteaux). Comte de Tonnerre, the dowry of his wife.

JEAN [II] d'Auxerre, son of GUILLAUME Comte d'Auxerre [Bourgogne-Comté] & his wife Eléonore de Savoie ([1292]-1362). He succeeded his father in 1304 as Comte d'Auxerre. He fought at the battle of Crecy in 1346 and at the battle of Poitiers in 1356. He was imprisoned in London from 1357 to 1361. He succeeded his sister in 1360 as Comte de Tonnerre.

m (1317) ALIX de Bourgogne dame de Montfleur, daughter of daughter of RENAUD de Bourgogne [Comté] Comte de Montbéliard & his wife Guillemette de Neuchâtel Ctss de Montbéliard (-after 13 May 1362).

Mistress (1): ALIX de Thiellay, daughter of ---.

Comte Jean [II] & his wife had eleven children:

1. JEAN [III] d'Auxerre "le Chevalier Blanc" (-1379). He succeeded his father in 1362 as Comte d'Auxerre et de Tonnerre.

- see below.

2. GUILLAUME de Chalon (-[1360]). Seigneur de Chavannes. Governor of Auxerre. He died while a hostage in England[194]. m as her second husband, JEANNE de Châteauvillain, widow of JEAN [I] Sire de Thil, daughter of JEAN de Châteauvillain & his wife --- (-[1375/99]). She married thirdly Hugues [VI] de Vienne Saint-Georges (-1361), fourthly Arnaud de Cervelles "l'Archiprêtre" (-1366 before Sep), and fifthly Enguerrand de Hesdin (-7 Mar 1391).

3. HUMBERT de Chalon (-after 1362). Canon at Chartres before 1339. Canon at Tournai 1339. Seigneur de Montjay.

4. TRISTAN de Chalon (-murdered 1369). Seigneur de Châtelbelin. m firstly JEANNE de Vienne, daughter of PHILIPPE de Vienne Seigneur de Pymont & his wife Huguette de Sainte-Croix Dame de Chay (-1365). m secondly as her second husband, BEATRIX de la Baume, widow of SIMON de Saint-Amour, daughter of GUILLAUME de la Baume & his wife Clémence de la Palu (-1368). Tristan & his first wife had two children:

a) JEAN de Chalon (-in Hungary 1396). Seigneur de Châtelbelin. m ([1382]) as her first husband, JEANNE de Ghistelles, daughter of JEAN de Ghistelles & his wife --- (-[Feb 1423/1431]). She married secondly Jean [I] de Neufchâtel Seigneur de Montaigu (-Apr 1433).

b) ALIX de Chalon . m firstly FRANÇOIS de Sassenage, son of ---. m secondly GUILLAUME de Saulieu, son of ---.

5. MARGUERITE de Chalon (-11 Oct 1378). Two contracts of marriage between "Gio. di Savoia figlio di Lodovico di Savoia Signore di Vaud" and "Margarita di Chalon figlia di Gio. Signore di Chalon e d'Auxerre" are dated 14 Mar 1333 and 18 Dec 1337[195]. Dame de Courtenot. A dispute between "Lodovico di Savoia di Vaud" and "Conte d'Auxeres suo Suocero" concerning the dowry of "Margarita di Savoia sua figlia" was settled by charter dated 8 May 1340[196]. m firstly (contracts 14 Mar 1333 and 18 Dec 1337[197], 14 Mar 1329) JEAN de Savoie Seigneur de Visieu, son of LOUIS [II] de Savoie Baron de Vaud & his wife Isabelle de Chalon [Bourgogne-Comté] (-killed in battle Laupen 21 Jun 1339). m secondly HENRI de Vienne Seigneur d'Antigny, son of ---.

6. JEANNE de Chalon (-[1342]). Dame de Nancuise. m (1335) as his first wife, THIBAUT [V] Seigneur de Neuchâtel, son of THIBAUT [IV] Sire de Neuchâtel[-en-Bourgogne] & his wife Agnes von Geroldseck (-1366, bur Lieucroissant).

7. BEATRICE de Chalon (-after 16 Dec 1369). "Johans de Chalon comtes d´Auxerre et sires de Rochefort" made a declaration dated 2 Jul 1342 following the marriage of "Beatrix nostre fille" and "le Seigneur de Villars"[198]. Dame de Mongefond. m (Papal dispensation 10 Jul 1342) as his second wife, HUMBERT [V] Sire de Thoire-Villars, son of HUMBERT [IV] Sire de Thoire et de Villars & his wife Eléonore de Beaujeu [Forez] (-18 Aug 1372).

8. HENRIETTE de Chalon (after 1373). Dame de Binant. m (contract 24 May 1358) HUGUES de Vienne Seigneur de Pagny, son of --- (-before 1374).

9. LOUISE de Chalon (-1394). Abbess of Baume-les-Dames, resigned.

10. ELEONORE de Chalon (-8 Aug 1374). Abbess of Remiremont.

11. ISABELLE de Chalon (-1385 or after). Nun at Château-Chalon.

Comte Jean [II] had one illegitimate son by Mistress (1):

12. JEAN . Seigneur de Oliferne. 1345.

JEAN [III] d'Auxerre "le Chevalier Blanc", son of JEAN [II] Comte d'Auxerre et de Tonnerre [Bourgogne-Comté] & his wife Alix de Bourgogne dame de Montfleur (-1379). He succeeded his father in 1362 as Comte d'Auxerre et Comte de Tonnerre. He died insane.

m (1334) MARIE Crespin du Bec, daughter of GUILLAUME Crespin du Bec & his wife Mathilde de Beaumez.

Mistresses (1): - (4): ---.

Mistress (5): PERRETTE Darnichot, daughter of ---.

Comte Jean [III] & his wife had four children:

1. JEAN de Chalon (-Poligny 1370). He succeeded in 1363 as Seigneur de Rochefort.

2. LOUIS "le Chevalier Vert" (-1398). He succeeded his father in 1379 as Comte de Tonnerre.

- COMTES de TONNERRE.

3. MARGUERITE de Chalon . 1376

4. MATHILDE de Chalon . 1356. m JEAN [II] Sire de Sainte-Croix, son of ---.

Comte Jean [III] had four illegitimate children by Mistresses (1) - (4):

5. HENRI (-1400). Châtelain de Saint-Aubin.

6. JEAN (-1402, bur Baume-les-Moines). Captain of Auxerre.

7. AIME (-1431, bur Baume-les-Moines). Abbot of Baume-les-Moines.

8. HUGUES (-1399). Prior of Jouhé.

Comte Jean [III] had two illegitimate daughters by Mistress (5):

9. daughter .

10. daughter .

D. SEIGNEURS de SAINT-BRIS (MELLO)

The centre of activities of Dreux [I] de Mello and his family was located in the duchy of Burgundy. He was presumably closely related to the seigneurs de Mello family who lived north of Paris, but the precise connection has not yet been established as discussed in more detail in the document PARIS REGION NOBILITY. It is possible that Dreux [I] inherited property in the Auxerre/Tonnerre area from his mother, whose family background is unknown, and settled there. A contrary indication is provided by the pair of charters dated 1177, quoted below, relating to Nitry (identified as located in Tonnerre), which specify that the land was the fief of “Vuillermo de Merloto”. If the latter can be identified as Guillaume Seigneur de Mello (see the previous section), this would suggest that the Burgundian properties were held by the Mello family before the marriage of Dreux [I]´s parents. Saint-Bris has been identified as Saint-Bris-le-Vineux in the county of Auxerre. The Burgundian Mello family held a position of some importance in the court of the comtes de Nevers, as shown by the prominent position in which they are named in the witness lists of charters quoted below and by the high-profile marriages of members of the family which were arranged in 13th and 14th centuries. I am grateful to Jean-Claude Chuat for his help in identifying charters in which this family is named.

DREUX [I] de Mello, son of --- de Mello & his wife Agnes --- ([1130/40]-3 Mar 1218). His estimated birth date is suggested by his estimated marriage date. Given that Dreux [I] was named in 1216, it is likely that he was born during the later part of the range. "Robertus comes Mellenti" confirmed donations to Gournay Sainte-Marie made by "pater meus Galerannus comes et mater mea Agnes", in the presence of "Willelmus de Garlanda, Robertus Malusvicinus et Drogo de Mello fratres, Willelmus Malusvicinus, Manasses frater eius…", by undated charter dated to after 1166[199]. "Droco de Melloto..." witnessed the charter dated 1170 under which “Helizabet mater domini de Thocyaco” donated property to the monks of Vieupou[200]. "Drogo de Melloto et Ermengardis uxor mea" founded Vieupou priory, with the consent of “domini Guidonis de Dampetra et domini Milonis fratris sui et Guillelmi filii nostri”, by charter dated 1172[201]. “Drogo de Merloto” donated property from "Mintriaci" {Nitry, canton Noyers, arr. Tonnerre, Yonne} to La Charité-sur-Loire, for the souls of “fratris mei Roberti et Vuillelmi ibidem sepultorum”, with the consent of "domino Vuillelmo de Merloto…et uxore mea Ermengardi", by charter dated 1177[202]. Louis VII King of France confirmed the donations to La Charité-sur-Loire made by "Vuillermum de Garlanda", for the soul of “fratris sui Roberti ibidem sepulti”, and by "Drogonem de Merloto predicti Roberti fratrem pro eodem Roberto", by charter dated 1177, which records the consent of “Vuillermo de Merloto, de cujus feodo redditus iste movebat”[203]. "...Narjodus de Tociaco, Drogo de Merlo, Guido de Guarlanda..." witnessed the charter dated 1184 under which Pierre Comte de Nevers donated property to Pontigny[204]. "Narjotus de Tuciaco, Drogo de Mello..." witnessed the charter dated 1186 under which Pierre Comte de Nevers donated property to Crisenon[205]. Connétable de France 1191. Pierre Comte de Nevers granted privileges to the inhabitants of Auxerre by charter dated 1194 which records the presence of "barones mei, Philippus dominus Giemi, Drogo de Merloto, Gaufridus senescallus meus, Iterius de Tociaco Autisiodorensis vicecomes..."[206]. "Droco de Melloto" exchanged property with the abbey of Saint-Jean de Sens by charter dated 1196[207]. "Drogo de Merlot" reached agreement with Raoul abbé de Saint-Germain about “nemore Magne Bruerie...et...Montbolum” by charter dated 1203[208]. “Drocho de Merloto miles et...Willelmus filius eius” attested a donation to Saint-Germain made by “D. uxor Hugonis militis de Chevannis” by charter dated Apr 1208[209]. “Droco de Merloto senior”, on the point of leaving for Jerusalem “apud domum suam de Belca” {Beauche} in the presence of “filiis suis Willelmo et Drocone juniore”, recorded that the men of Saint-Maurice did not have the right to use the wood of Saint-Aubin-Château-Neuf by charter dated 1216[210].

m (1161 or before) [ERMENGARDE] de Moncy, daughter of DREUX [II] de Moncy & his wife Basilie --- (-after 1177). The History of Louis VII King of France records that "Nivilo de Petrafonte et Drogo de Merloto" had married "duas filias Drogonis de Monceio"[211]. "Drogo de Melloto et Ermengardis uxor mea" founded Vieupou priory, with the consent of “domini Guidonis de Dampetra et domini Milonis fratris sui et Guillelmi filii nostri”, by charter dated 1172[212]. It is assumed that the wife of Dreux [I] named in this charter was the same wife as the daughter of Dreux de Moncy, but this is not beyond doubt. “Drogo de Merloto” donated property from "Mintriaci" {Nitry, canton Noyers, arr. Tonnerre, Yonne} to La Charité-sur-Loire, for the soul of “fratris mei Roberti et Vuillelmi ibidem sepultorum”, with the consent of "domino Vuillelmo de Merloto…et uxore mea Ermengardi", by charter dated 1177[213].

Dreux [I] & his wife had [four] children:

1. GUILLAUME [I] de Mello ([1161/70]-after Jan 1243). "Drogo de Melloto et Ermengardis uxor mea" founded Vieupou priory, with the consent of “domini Guidonis de Dampetra et domini Milonis fratris sui et Guillelmi filii nostri”, by charter dated 1172[214].

- see below.

2. DREUX de Mello (after 1172-Cyprus 8 Jan 1249). “Droco de Merloto senior”, on the point of leaving for Jerusalem “apud domum suam de Belca” {Beauche} in the presence of “filiis suis Willelmo et Drocone juniore”, recorded that the men of Saint-Maurice did not have the right to use the wood of Saint-Aubin-Château-Neuf by charter dated 1216[215]. “Droco de Melloto” acknowledged that he had instituted a market at Saint-Maurice-Thizouaille without consent and that “dominus meus rex” cancelled it, by charter dated 1218[216]. A charter dated 1219 records that “Droconi de Melloto” had wrongly erected “fulcas” on the land of the chapter of Auxerre at Saint-Maurice-Thizouaille by charter dated 1219[217]. A charter dated 1223 records judgment in a dispute between the abbey of Sens-Saint-Rémy and “Droconem de Melloto dominum Lochiarum” concerning certain serfs, with “Willelmo de Melloto fratre suo” acting as guarantor[218]. “Droco de Melloto, Locharum dominus” confirmed a sale of property to the monks of Vieupou made by “Petronilla la Berondée et Meinfroninus filius eiusdem” by charter dated Mar 1235[219]. “Dreux de Mello seigneur de Loches” acted as guarantor if “Archambaud de Bourbon son neveu” failed to observe the marriage convention between “Jean comte de Dreux et Marie sœur d´Archambaud” under a charter dated Nov 1242[220]. "Drocho de Melloto dominus Locharum et Meduanæ et Ysabellis uxor eius hæres et domina Meduanæ" donated property to the abbey of Fontaine-Daniel by charter dated Jun 1243[221]. m (before 1218) as her first husband, ISABELLE de Mayenne, daughter of JUHAEL [II] Seigneur de Mayenne & his wife Gervaise de Vitré Dame de Dinan (-11 Nov 1257). She married secondly (before 1251) as his second wife, Louis [I] Comte de Sancerre. "Isabella uxor Droconis de Melloto, militis, domini de Meduana" ratified a donation to the abbey of Mont by charter dated 1237[222]. "Drocho de Melloto dominus Locharum et Meduanæ et Ysabellis uxor eius hæres et domina Meduanæ" donated property to the abbey of Fontaine-Daniel by charter dated Jun 1243[223].

3. AGNES de Mello (-after 1215). "Droco de Melloto" noted a donation to Paraclet made by "Agnes filia mea uxor nobilis Garneri de Triangulo", with the consent of "eiusdem Garneri mariti sui", by charter dated 1215[224]. m GARNIER [III] Seigneur de Traînel, son of GARNIER [II] Seigneur de Traînel & his wife --- (-after 17 Oct 1217).

4. [--- de Mello . Her parentage and marriage are suggested by the charter dated Nov 1242 under which [her supposed brother] “Dreux de Mello seigneur de Loches” acted as guarantor if “Archambaud de Bourbon son neveu” failed to observe the marriage convention between “Jean comte de Dreux et Marie sœur d´Archambaud”[225]. This hypothesis assumes that “neveu” (presumably “nepos”) in this charter can be interpreted as “great-nephew”, bearing in mind that “nephew” is extremely unlikely given the identification of the mother of Archambaud de Bourbon and his sister Marie as Beatrix, daughter of Archambaud de Montluçon, and also that a more remote cousin relationship would render it unlikely that Dreux de Mello would have acted as guarantor. The hypothesis also appears to work from a chronological point of view, in light of the 1202 betrothal of the couple´s daughter to Guillaume [X] d´Auvergne. m [ARCHAMBAUD Seigneur de Montluçon, son of ---.]

GUILLAUME [I] de Mello, son of DREUX [I] de Mello & his wife Ermengarde de Moncy ([1161/70]-after Jan 1243). "Drogo de Melloto et Ermengardis uxor mea" founded Vieupou priory, with the consent of “domini Guidonis de Dampetra et domini Milonis fratris sui et Guillelmi filii nostri”, by charter dated 1172[226]. “Drocho de Merloto miles et...Willelmus filius eius” attested a donation to Saint-Germain made by “D. uxor Hugonis militis de Chevannis” by charter dated Apr 1208[227]. “Droco de Merloto senior”, on the point of leaving for Jerusalem “apud domum suam de Belca” {Beauche} in the presence of “filiis suis Willelmo et Drocone juniore”, recorded that the men of Saint-Maurice did not have the right to use the wood of Saint-Aubin-Château-Neuf by charter dated 1216[228]. Seigneur de Saint-Bris. “Guillaume de Mello seigneur de Saint-Bris” granted vine cultivation rights to the monks of Reigny, with the consent of “Elisabeth sa femme”, by charter dated 1216[229]. A charter dated 1223 records judgment in a dispute between the abbey of Sens-Saint-Rémy and “Droconem de Melloto dominum Lochiarum” concerning certain serfs, with “Willelmo de Melloto fratre suo” acting as guarantor[230]. “Guillelmus dominus de Merloto, Milo dominus Noeriorum, et Droco dominus de Espoisse et Chatel-Chinun” certified that “Gaucherium de S.-Florentino armigerum...concedente Eustagia uxore sua” had renounced rights in favour of Pontigny by charter dated May 1240[231]. “Guillaume de Mello seigneur de Saint-Bris” acted as guarantor if “Archambaud de Bourbon son neveu” failed to observe the marriage convention between “Jean comte de Dreux et Marie sœur d´Archambaud” under a charter dated Nov 1242[232]. “Guillaumes de Mellot sires de Saint-Briz” swore hommage to Thibaut King of Navarre, Comte de Champagne for revenue from “la foire de Bar-seur-Aube” by charter dated Jan 1242 (O.S.)[233].

m ELISABETH, daughter of --- (-after 1216). “Guillaume de Mello seigneur de Saint-Bris” granted vine cultivation rights to the monks of Reigny, with the consent of “Elisabeth sa femme”, by charter dated 1216[234]. Her parentage is not known. According to Gallia Christiana, she was “ex nobilissimis proceribus Montis S. Johannis”[235]. No connection with the family of the seigneurs de Mont-Saint-Jean (see below) has yet been established. The chronology of the marriages of her grandchildren suggests that her children must have been born well into the 13th century, in turn suggesting that Elisabeth was considerably younger than her husband. If this is correct, she may have been his second wife.

Guillaume & his wife had five children:

1. GUILLAUME [II] de Mello (-after 1248). The primary source which confirms his parentage has not yet been identified. However, the marriage date of his daughter indicates that he could not have been the same person as Guillaume de Mello who is named in 1216. [Seigneur de Saint-Bris. “Guillaume de Mello seigneur de Saint-Bris” swore homage to Guy bishop of Auxerre for “sa maison-forte de Beaulche” dated 1248[236]. It is unclear whether this charter refers to Guillaume [II] or to his father Guillaume [I]. Guillaume [I] would have been extremely old in 1248, and also the swearing of hommage suggests a recent succession to the property in question. On the other hand, Guillaume [II] is referred to as “de Meloto militis” in the marriage contract of his daughter Isabelle, suggesting that he may never have succeeded to the seigneurie de Saint-Bris, which would have been the case if he had predeceased his father.] m ---. The name of Guillaume´s wife is not known. Guillaume & his wife had one child:

a) ISABELLE de Mello (-1301 or after). The marriage contract between “Guillaume comes Jovigniaci” and “Isabellim, quondam filiam Guillelmi de Meloto militis” is dated 8 Nov 1257, names “Guidoni Altissiod. episcopo patruo eiusdem Isabellis et tutor ipsius legitimo” in favour of whom Comte Guillaume renounced rights of succession “quando tres filie ipsius comitis...Isabellis, Joanna et Agnes...ex...Agnete quondam uxore ipsius comitis” when they reached 12 years of age and of “patris ipsarum, vel Joannis filii ipsius comitis, fratris earundam”[237]. Dame de Saint-Maurice-Thizouaille. “Jehan cuens de Jougny et...Marie comtesse de Jougny femme de ce dit Jehan” confirmed the disenfranchisement of the inhabitants of Coulanges-les-Vineuses et la Baroche by charter dated 1279, which names “Humbert de Biaujey connestable de France, sieur de Montpencier et de Sainct-Morise et...Isabeau connestablesse de France jadis contesse de Jougny, et...Berault de Marcuil père de ladite Marie contesse de Jougny nostre femme...et...monseignour de Chasteau-Villain nostre oncle”[238]. m firstly (8 Nov 1257) as his second wife, GUILLAUME [III] Comte de Joigny, son of GUILLAUME [II] Comte de Joigny & his wife Elisabeth de Noyers (-1261 or after). m secondly HUMBERT [II] Seigneur de Montpensier, son of GUICHARD de Beaujeu Seigneur de Montpensier & his wife Catherine Dauphine de Clermont (-before 14 Nov 1285).

2. DREUX [II] de Mello (-[1252]). His parentage is confirmed by interpreting the charter dated Mar 1261 under which [his brother] “G...episcopus Autissiod.”, as executor of the testament of “genitoris nostri domini Guillelmi de Melloto quondam domini S. Prisci militis”, donated property to Pontigny, with the consent of “nepotis nostri Drogonis de Melloto domini S. Prisci”, to found anniversaries for “predicti genitoris nostri...matris nostre quondam uxoris eiusdem...patrui nostri domini Drogonis de Melloto quondam domini Lochiarum”[239]. The primary source which confirms his name has not yet been identified. m ELVIS d´Espoisses, daughter of ---. The primary source which confirms her parentage and marriage has not yet been confirmed. Dreux [II] & his wife had two children:

a) DREUX [III] de Mello (-1310). The primary source which confirms his parentage has not yet been identified. Seigneur de Saint-Bris. “Dreux de Mello seigneur de Saint-Bris et de Château-Chinon” swore homage to the bishop of Auxerre for “sa maison de Beaulche” and for land granted to him by “son oncle l´évêque Gui”, dated 1269[240]. "Johannes...Bituricensis archiepiscopus, Aquitanie primus" attested that “consanguinea nostra Isabellis de Melloto” had given a sum of money to “domino Droconi de Melloto fratri suo” which “G...Autissiod. episcopus patruus suus” held in deposit, by charter dated 30 Nov 1269[241]. A charter dated Dec 1283 records an agreement between “Drève de Mello seigneur de Saint-Bris et dame Jeanne de Trye sa femme” and “Regnaut de Trye chevalier fils de Philippe de Trye et de dame Alyps dame de Monolio sa femme et iceluy de Trye frère de ladite Jeanne de Trye” regarding their future inheritances[242]. m firstly (Papal dispensation 1245) ADELAIDE de Montréal, daughter of ANSERIC [IV] Seigneur de Montréal & his wife Marie de Garlande. The primary source which confirms her parentage and marriage has not yet been identified. m secondly (before 1257) EUSTACHIE de Lusignan, daughter of GEOFFROY de Lusignan Seigneur de Jarnac & his first wife Adalmode --- (Carthage 1270). Dame de Sainte-Hermine, de Brulain, de Prahec, de Cherveux, de Sanxay et de la Mothe-Saint-Héray. The primary source which confirms her parentage and marriage has not yet been identified. m thirdly JEANNE de Trie, daughter of ---. A charter dated Dec 1283 records an agreement between “Drève de Mello seigneur de Saint-Bris et dame Jeanne de Trye sa femme” and “Regnaut de Trye chevalier fils de Philippe de Trye et de dame Alyps dame de Monolio sa femme et iceluy de Trye frère de ladite Jeanne de Trye” regarding their future inheritances[243]. Dreux [II] & his first wife had one child:

i) DREUX [IV] de Mello (-[1317]). The primary source which confirms his parentage has not yet been identified. m firstly ([1297]) JEANNE de Toucy, daughter of OTHO de Toucy & his wife ---. The primary source which confirms her parentage and marriage has not yet been identified. m secondly (1305) as her second wife, ELEONORE de Savoie, widow of GUILLAUME Comte d'Auxerre, daughter of AMEDEE V Comte de Savoie & his first wife Sibylle de Bâgé ([1279]-1324). The primary source which confirms her second marriage has not yet been identified. She married thirdly thirdly, as his second wife, Jean [I] Comte de Forez. Dreux [IV] & his first wife had one child:

(a) JEANNE de Mello (-1351). The Chronique des comtes d´Eu, written in 1390, records that "Raoul" married "à madame de Mello...Jehanne"[244]. The primary source which confirms her parentage more precisely has not yet been identified. m RAOUL [I] de Brienne Comte d´Eu, son of JEAN [III] de Brienne Comte d´Eu & his wife Beatrix de Châtillon (-Paris 19 Jan 1344, bur Foucarmont).

Dreux [IV] & his second wife had one child:

(b) MARGUERITE de Mello (-1360). The primary source which confirms her parentage and marriage has not yet been identified. m firstly (before 8 Jan 1324) MAURICE [VII] Sire de Craon, son of ---. m (before 1332) as his first wife, JEAN de Chalon Sire d´Arlay, son of HUGUES [I] Sire d'Arlay et de Vitteaux [Bourgogne-Comté] & his wife Beatrix de la Tour du Pin (-25/26 Feb 1362).

b) ISABELLE de Mello (-after Jun 1285). "Johannes...Bituricensis archiepiscopus, Aquitanie primus" attested that “consanguinea nostra Isabellis de Melloto” had given a sum of money to “domino Droconi de Melloto fratri suo” which “G...Autissiod. episcopus patruus suus” held in deposit, by charter dated 30 Nov 1269[245]. The precise relationship between Jean de Sully and the Mello family has not been ascertained, but it could have been through Jean´s mother whose parentage is not known. “Isabelle de Mello dame de Boosny” instructed the people of Saint-Cire to recognise “pour leur seigneur messire Drève de Mello seigneur de Saint-Brys son frère” by charter dated before 11, Jun 1285[246].

3. GUY de Mello (-1270). Bishop of Auxerre 1247. “G...episcopus Autissiod.”, as executor of the testament of “genitoris nostri domini Guillelmi de Melloto quondam domini S. Prisci militis”, donated property to Pontigny, with the consent of “nepotis nostri Drogonis de Melloto domini S. Prisci”, to found anniversaries for “predicti genitoris nostri...matris nostre quondam uxoris eiusdem...patrui nostri domini Drogonis de Melloto quondam domini Lochiarum” by charter dated Mar 1261[247]. A charter dated 1270 records the testament of "bone memorie G. de Melloto quondam Autissiod. episcopi" dated Oct 1265 and the codicil dated 1270[248].

4. ISABELLE de Mello . "Hugues de Châtillon sire de Jaligny" sold revenue promised by "Archambaud sire de Bourbon" on his marriage to "Isabelle fille de Guillaume de Mello", in exchange granting his wife "sa maison et terre de Billizois", by charter dated Feb 1234 (O.S.)[249]. m (before Feb 1235) HUGUES Seigneur de Châtillon-en-Bazois, son of EUDES [I] Seigneur de Châtillon-en-Bazois & his first wife Alix de Chaumont Dame de Jaligny (-after 1257).

5. [--- . m ---.] One child:

a) daughter . Her family origin and marriage are indicated by a document of the Paris parliament dated 1255 which records the excessive behaviour “du sire de Montréal” against priests and other ecclesiastical office-holders, including having one priest eating by flies (“quemdam presbiterum muscis comedi fecerat”), that King Louis IX intended to implement swift retribution (“apporter un prompt remède”) but that “l´évêque d´Auxerre et le châtelain de Troyon, dont le sire de Montréal avait épousé la nièce” [the bishop of Auxerre in 1255 was Guy de Mello] requested delay to enable them to make representations fearing that “leurs neveux ne fussent déshérités pour le fait de leur père”[250]. Her precise parentage has not been established. m (before 1255) ANSERIC Seigneur de Montréal, son of ANSERIC [IV] Seigneur de Montréal & his wife Marie de Garlande (-[1269]).

E. SEIGNEURS de TOUCY

The town of Toucy is located west of the county of Auxerre. Primary sources which identify the suzerain of the Sires de Toucy have not yet been identified. Some later documents which name members of the Toucy family also refer to the comtes de Nevers, but they do not specify that there was any vassal relationship between the two.

1. ITIER [I] de Narbonne, son of ---. Seigneur de Toucy. 1060. m ---. The name of Itier [I]'s wife is not known. Itier [I] & his wife had [four] children:

a) ITIER [II] de Toucy, son of --- (-[Jerusalem] [1100]). The primary source which confirms his parentage has not yet been identified. Seigneur de Toucy. He and his brother Hugues are named in a 1086 charter [251]. "Hugo de Toceio et Norgaudus frater eius" are named in a charter dated 31 May [before 1100] relating to a donation to the abbey of Molesme which also names "uxore sua [Norgaudi] Ermengaudi et filia Beatrice cum ceteris infantibus suis" and is subscribed by "Iterius frater eius"[252]. A charter dated to [1100] records a donation to Molesme by “miles…Marcus”, with the consent of “domno Iterio de Toceio”, records that Itier constituted “domnus Hugo frater eius” as his heir before leaving for Jerusalem where he died, and a subsequent confirmation by “domnus Hugo frater eius” with the consent of “Norgaudus frater eius” before they both travelled to Jerusalem, and a last donation by Hugues after his return[253].

b) HUGUES (-after [1100]). Seigneur de Toucy. He and his brother Itier are named in a 1086 charter[254]. A charter dated to [1100] records a donation to Molesme by “miles…Marcus”, with the consent of “domno Iterio de Toceio”, records that Itier constituted “domnus Hugo frater eius” as his heir before leaving for Jerusalem where he died, and a subsequent confirmation by “domnus Hugo frater eius” with the consent of “Norgaudus frater eius” before they both travelled to Jerusalem, and a last donation by Hugues after his return[255]. "Hugo de Toceio et Norgaudus frater eius" are named in a charter dated 31 May [before 1100] relating to a donation to the abbey of Molesme which also names "uxore sua [Norgaudi] Ermengaudi et filia Beatrice cum ceteris infantibus suis" and is subscribed by "Iterius frater eius"[256].

c) [HUMBALD . As "Humbald enfans" he is named in a 1086 charter with Itier and Hugues de Toucy[257].]

d) NARJOT [I] de Toucy (-[Jerusalem] before 1110). A charter dated to [1100] records a donation to Molesme by “miles…Marcus”, with the consent of “domno Iterio de Toceio”, records that Itier constituted “domnus Hugo frater eius” as his heir before leaving for Jerusalem where he died, and a subsequent confirmation by “domnus Hugo frater eius” with the consent of “Norgaudus frater eius” before they both travelled to Jerusalem, and a last donation by Hugues after his return[258]. He succeeded his brothers in [1100] as Seigneur de Toucy.

- see below.

2. AGANON de Narbonne . The primary source which confirms his origin has not yet been identified. 1060.

NARJOT [I] de Toucy, son of ITIER [I] Seigneur de Toucy & his wife --- (-[Jerusalem] before 1110). A charter dated to [1100] records a donation to Molesme by “miles…Marcus”, with the consent of “domno Iterio de Toceio”, records that Itier constituted “domnus Hugo frater eius” as his heir before leaving for Jerusalem where he died, and a subsequent confirmation by “domnus Hugo frater eius” with the consent of “Norgaudus frater eius” before they both travelled to Jerusalem, and a last donation by Hugues after his return[259]. He succeeded his brothers in [1100] as Seigneur de Toucy. "Norgaudus de Toceiaco" reached agreement with the abbey of Molesme in memory of "fratris sui Hugonis…fratris sui Iterii" by charter dated to [1101/09], subscribed by "Ermengardis uxoris eius, Iterii filii sui, Adeliæ filie eius, ceterorum infantum eius"[260]. A charter dated 1110 records that "dominus Tocciensis castri…Nariotus" renounced rights in favour of the abbey of Saint-Benoît-sur-Loire before leaving for Jerusalem where he died, requesting "uxor ipsius Narioti quam Hugo gener eius" to perform his wishes, in the presence of "Nivernensium comite Guillelmo"[261].

m ERMENGARDE, daughter of --- (-after 1134). "Hugo de Toceio et Norgaudus frater eius" are named in a charter dated 31 May [before 1100] relating to a donation to the abbey of Molesme which also names "uxore sua [Norgaudi] Ermengaudi et filia Beatrice cum ceteris infantibus suis" and is subscribed by "Iterius frater eius"[262]. A charter dated 1110 records that "Dominus Tocciensis castri…Nariotus" renounced rights in favour of the abbey of Saint-Benoît-sur-Loire before leaving for Jerusalem where he died, requesting "uxor ipsius Narioti quam Hugo gener eius" to perform his wishes[263]. Itier de Toucy, Ermengarde his mother, Etienne his brother and Hugues de Til confirmed the previous donations by their ancestors to the priory of Jully-les-Nonnains by charter dated 1134[264]. "Willelmus Nivernensis comes" confirmed the property of the abbey of Crisenon, including property donated by "Iterius…de Tociaco" with the consent of "matre Ermengarde et Stephano fratre eius", by charter dated 1134[265].

Narjot [I] & his wife had [eight] children:

1. BEATRIX de Toucy . "Hugo de Toceio et Norgaudus frater eius" are named in a charter dated 31 May [before 1100] relating to a donation to the abbey of Molesme which also names "uxore sua [Norgaudi] Ermengaudi et filia Beatrice cum ceteris infantibus suis" and is subscribed by "Iterius frater eius"[266]. It is assumed from this charter that Beatrix was her parents' oldest child, presumably the only one to have been considered old enough to be named in the document. m (before 1110) HUGUES Manceau de Cosne. He acted as Seigneur de Toucy during his father-in-law's absence in Jerusalem[267]. A charter dated 1110 records that "dominus Tocciensis castri…Nariotus" renounced rights in favour of the abbey of Saint-Benoît-sur-Loire before leaving for Jerusalem where he died, requesting "uxor ipsius Narioti quam Hugo gener eius" to perform his wishes[268].

2. ITIER [III] de Toucy (-1147). "Norgaudus de Toceiaco" reached agreement with the abbey of Molesme in memory of "fratris sui Hugonis…fratris sui Iterii" by charter dated to [1101/09], subscribed by "Ermengardis uxoris eius, Iterii filii sui, Adeliæ filie eius, ceterorum infantum eius"[269]. Itier de Toucy, Ermengarde his mother, Etienne his brother and Hugues de Til confirmed the previous donations by their ancestors to the priory of Jully-les-Nonnains by charter dated 1134[270]. He succeeded his father as Seigneur de Toucy. Seigneur de Puisaye et de Saint-Fargeau. "Willelmus Nivernensis comes" confirmed the property of the abbey of Crisenon, including property donated by "Iterius…de Tociaco" with the consent of "matre Ermengarde et Stephano fratre eius, et Hugo de Tilio", by charter dated 1134[271]. A charter dated to [1147] records a donation to the abbey of Crisenon by "domnum Iterium de Tociaco"[272]. "Iterius Tociacensis Dominus" donated property to "ecclesiæ beatæ Mariæ de Rupibus…Gaufrido meo nepote eiusdem loci…abbate", with the consent of "Elisabeta uxore mea", by charter dated 1147[273]. The History of Louis VII King of France names "…Iterius de Toceio…" among those who accompanied King Louis VII on crusade in 1147[274]. He died on Crusade. m ELISABETH, daughter of ---. "Iterius Tociacensis Dominus" donated property to "ecclesiæ beatæ Mariæ de Rupibus…Gaufrido meo nepote eiusdem loci…abbate", with the consent of "Elisabeta uxore mea", by charter dated 1147[275]. "Helizabet mater domini de Thocyaco" donated property to the priory of Vieupou by charter dated 1170, with the support of "Narjotus de Thociaco et Regnauldus de Pogiaco"[276]. Itier [III] & his wife had six children:

a) NARJOT [II] de Toucy (-1192). His parentage is deduced from the charter dated 1170 under which "Helizabet mater domini de Thocyaco" donated property to the priory of Vieupou, with the support of "Narjotus de Thociaco et Regnauldus de Pogiaco"[277]. He succeeded his father as Seigneur de Toucy.

- see below.

b) GUY de Toucy . "Nariotus…dominus Tusciaci" renounced rights in favour of the abbey of Saint-Benoît-sur-Loire with the consent of "Vuido frater meus" by charter dated to [1160/67][278].

c) SARA de Toucy . The primary source which confirms her parentage and marriage has not yet been identified. 1167. m GIBAUD Sire de Saint-Vérain, son of --- (-before 1167).

d) daughter . The primary source which confirms her parentage and marriage has not yet been identified. m RENAUD Sire de Pougy, son of ---.

e) ITIER de Toucy (-before 1178). The primary source which confirms his parentage has not yet been identified. Seigneur de Bazarne. 1151.

f) JEAN de Toucy (-before 1189). The primary source which confirms his parentage has not yet been identified. 1180.

3. ADELINA de Toucy . "Norgaudus de Toceiaco" reached agreement with the abbey of Molesme in memory of "fratris sui Hugonis…fratris sui Iterii" by charter dated to [1101/09], subscribed by "Ermengardis uxoris eius, Iterii filii sui, Adeliæ filie eius, ceterorum infantum eius"[279].

4. ETIENNE de Toucy (-1162). "Willelmus Nivernensis comes" confirmed the property of the abbey of Crisenon, including property donated by "Iterius…de Tociaco" with the consent of "matre Ermengarde et Stephano fratre eius, et Hugo de Tilio", by charter dated 1134[280]. Itier de Toucy, Ermengarde his mother, Etienne his brother and Hugues de Til confirmed the previous donations by their ancestors to the priory of Jully-les-Nonnains by charter dated 1134[281]. First abbot of Reigny.

5. HERVE de Toucy . "Guillelmus comes Nivernensis, qui fuit natus de filia Lancelini de Baugenciaco" renounced practices which prejudiced the abbey of Saint-Michel by charter dated 1134, witnessed by “…Hervaudus de Tociaco, Odo frater eius…”[282]. Monk at Pontigny 1120/1151, later Carthusian.

6. EUDES de Toucy (-after 1134). "Guillelmus comes Nivernensis, qui fuit natus de filia Lancelini de Baugenciaco" renounced practices which prejudiced the abbey of Saint-Michel by charter dated 1134, witnessed by “…Hervaudus de Tociaco, Odo frater eius…”[283].

7. GARNA de Toucy (-before 1178). Guillaume [de Toucy] Bishop of Auxerre approved spending commitments of the nuns of Crisenon, in memory of "nobilis matrone, Garne…sororis defuncti Ytherii de Tuciaco", by charter dated 1178[284]. Her marriage is shown in Europäische Stammtafeln[285]. The primary source which confirms her marriage has not yet been identified. Gervais abbé de Saint-Germain d'Auxerre and "Gaufredum Donziacum" reached agreements relating to Diges, with the consent of "B…uxor Gaufredi et duo filii eius, Herveus…et Gaufredus", by charter dated 1151[286], which likely refers to Geoffroy´s second wife as the document is dated only six years before the recorded date of his death. m as his second wife, GEOFFROY [III] Sire de Donzy, son of HERVE [II] Sire de Donzy & his wife --- de la Ferté (-1157).

8. [---. m ---.]

a) GEOFFROY . "Iterius Tociacensis Dominus" donated property to "ecclesiæ beatæ Mariæ de Rupibus…Gaufrido meo nepote eiusdem loci…abbate", with the consent of "Elisabeta uxore mea", by charter dated 1147[287]. Nephew of Itier [III], he was first Abbot of the Cistercian house of Les Roches[288].

b) JEAN . Brother of Geoffroy abbot of Les Roches, monk at Cluny[289].

NARJOT [II] de Toucy, son of ITIER [III] Seigneur de Toucy & his wife Elisabeth --- (-1192). His parentage is deduced from the charter dated 1170 under which "Helizabet mater domini de Thocyaco" donated property to the priory of Vieupou, with the support of "Narjotus de Thociaco et Regnauldus de Pogiaco"[290]. He succeeded his father as Seigneur de Toucy. Seigneur de Bazarne, de Saint-Fargeau et de Puisaye. "Nariotus…dominus Tusciaci" renounced rights in favour of the abbey of Saint-Benoît-sur-Loire with the consent of "Vuido frater meus" by charter dated to [1160/67][291]. He died on crusade.

m AGNES de Dampierre, daughter of GUY [I] de Dampierre-sur-l'Aube Vicomte de Troyes & his wife Helvide de Baudémont (-after 1192). She is named as wife of Narjot [II] in the late 13th century cartulary of Crisenon[292].

Narjot [II] & his wife had five children:

1. ITIER [IV] de Toucy (-Damietta 1218). Seigneur de Toucy. Seigneur de Bazarne. “Yterius dominus de Tociaco et Baiserna” confirmed a donation to Rigny abbey made by “Raynaldus cognomento Caprarius”, with the support of “fratres mei Ansericus et Narjotus”, by charter dated 1201[293]. "Dominus Iterus de Toce et uxor sua domina Montis Acuti" ratified a donation by charter dated Dec 1210[294]. "Iterius de Tociaco" founded the priory of Boticens, in memory of "dominus Narjotus pater meus" and with the consent of "uxoris me Berte", by charter dated 1218[295]. He died on crusade. The Historia Damiatina by Oliverus Scholasticus records the deaths in 1218 at Damieta of "comes de Marcha et comes de Bar et filius eius, frater Guillelmus de Carnoto magister militiæ templi, Herveus de Virsione, Iterius de Tacci, Oliverus filius regis Anglie"[296]. m ([1206]) as her second husband, BEATRIX de Rion Dame de Gergy, widow of ALEXANDRE de Montaigu, daughter of ---. "B. domina Montis Acuti" donated property to Maizières by charter dated 1206, the dating clause of which refers to "post obitum mariti mei domini Alexandri, antequam nuxissem domino Itero de Toceio"[297]. "Dominus Iterus de Toce et uxor sua domina Montis Acuti" ratified a donation by charter dated Dec 1210[298]. "Iterius de Tociaco" founded the priory of Boticens, in memory of "dominus Narjotus pater meus" and with the consent of "uxoris me Berte", by charter dated 1218[299]. The necrology of Maizières records the death "Id Jan" of "domine Beatrice matre domini Montis Acuti"[300]. Itier [IV] & his wife had three children:

a) JEAN de Toucy . The primary source which confirms his parentage has not yet been identified. He succeeded his father as Seigneur de Toucy, de Saint-Fargeau et de Puisaye. He died on Crusade. m (1231) as her third husband, EMMA de Laval, widow firstly of ROBERT [III] Comte d'Alençon and secondly of MATHIEU [II] "le Grand" Sire de Montmorency, daughter of GUY [V] Sire de Laval & his wife Avise de Craon ([1197/98]-27 Apr 1264, bur Clermont). "Guido dominus sextus de Lavalle" donated property to Olivet priory, for the soul of "Ozannæ filiæ meæ", by charter dated to [1205], witnessed by "Haoys uxore mea, Guido filius meus, Emma filia mea"[301]. A manuscript genealogy of the Lords of Beaumont record the marriage of “Robertum comitem Alencheii” and “Emmam filiam Guidonis domini de La Val” after the death of his wife “Joanna…filia domini Josberti de Guirchia”[302]. "Robertus comes d´Alencon et dominus Lavallis et Emma uxor eius filia Guidonis de Lavalle et hæres Lavallis" exchanged property with "Yvoni Franco et dominæ Haoys uxori suæ" by charter dated Feb 1216[303]. "Matheus de Montemorenciaco, conestabularius Franciæ et Emma, eius uxor, comitissa de Alanconio et domina Lavallensis" ratified a donation by "dominus Ivo Francus et uxor eius Advisia de Lavalle" to Bellebranche, for the salvation of "domini Guydonis de Lavalle" and for "Hugonis filii sui", by charter dated 1218[304]. "Ama comitissa de Alenceon" donated property to Notre-Dame, Paris for the soul of "domini Mathei de Monte Morenciaco mariti mei defuncti" by charter dated 1230[305]. "Joannes dominus de Toceio miles" confirmed commitments made for his marriage to "Emmam comitissam de Alenchon et dominam de Lavalle" by charter dated 1231[306]. Jean & his wife had one child:

i) JEANNE de Toucy (-[Feb/7 Jul] 1317). The primary source which confirms her parentage has not yet been identified. Dame de Toucy, de Saint-Fargeau et de Puisaye. “Thiebauz cuens de Bar sires de Thoci et...Johanne sa fame” confirmed the sale of property to the chapter of Auxerre by “Pierre de Vaus escuiers” by charter dated Sep 1282[307]. m (1246) as his second wife, THIBAUT II Comte de Bar, son of HENRI II Comte de Bar & his wife Philippa de Dreux [Capet] dame de Torcy-en-Brie ([1221]-Oct 1291).

b) MATHILDE de Toucy . The primary source which confirms her parentage has not yet been identified. Abbess of Saint-Julien d'Auxerre.

c) OTHO de Toucy . The primary source which confirms his parentage has not yet been identified. 1228. m ---. The name of Otho's wife is not known. Otho & his wife had one child:

i) OTHO de Toucy (-1297). The primary source which confirms his parentage has not yet been identified. Admiral of France. m ---. The name of Otho's wife is not known. Otho & his wife had two children:

(a) JEANNE de Toucy . The primary source which confirms her parentage and marriage has not yet been identified. m ([1297]) as his first wife, DREUX [IV] de Mello Seigneur de Lormat, de Château-Chinon et de Sainte-Hermine, son of DREUX [III] de Mello Seigneur de Saint-Bris & his first wife Adelaide de Montréal (-[1317]).

(b) PHILIPPE de Toucy (-before 1301). The primary source which confirms his parentage has not yet been identified. 1290/1298.

2. JEAN de Toucy . The primary source which confirms his parentage has not yet been identified. 1180/1212.

3. ANSERIC de Toucy (-1242). "Guido comes Nivernensis et Forensis, et Mathildis uxor mea comitissa Nivernensis" wrote concerning the viscounty of Auxerre held by "dominus Ansericus de Tociaco…domino Narioto fratre suo" by charter dated 1226[308]. Seigneur de Bazarne. Sire de Huban, by right of his first wife. Sire de Pierre-Perthuis, by right of his second wife. Vicomte d'Auxerre 1201. m firstly --- de Huban, daughter of ---. The primary source which confirms her origin and marriage has not yet been identified. m secondly ([1220]) GUILLEMETTE de Pierre-Perthuis, daughter and heiress of GUY Sire de Pierre-Perthuis & his wife Agnes --- (-after 1264). The primary source which confirms her parentage and first marriage has not yet been identified. She married secondly (1248) Thibaut de Plancy Sire de Saint-Vinnemer (-1250). “Theobaldus de Planceyo miles dominus Sancti Winimerii” donated rights over Pimelles to the abbey Saint-Michel, with the consent of “Guillerma domina Bacerne uxor eius”, by charter dated Jul 1248[309].

- SEIGNEURS de BAZARNE[310].

4. NARJOT [III] de Toucy (-1241). “Yterius dominus de Tociaco et Baiserna” confirmed a donation to Rigny abbey made by “Raynaldus cognomento Caprarius”, with the support of “fratres mei Ansericus et Narjotus”, by charter dated 1201[311]. Seigneur de Bazarnes. Regent of the Latin Empire of Constantinople 1228/31 and 1238/39.

- see below.

5. MATHILDE de Toucy . The primary source which confirms her parentage has not yet been identified. Abbess of Saint-Julien d'Auxerre.

NARJOT [III] de Toucy, son of NARJOT [II] Seigneur de Toucy & his wife Agnes de Dampierre (-1241). “Yterius dominus de Tociaco et Baiserna” confirmed a donation to Rigny abbey made by “Raynaldus cognomento Caprarius”, with the support of “fratres mei Ansericus et Narjotus”, by charter dated 1201[312]. Seigneur de Bazarnes. Regent of the Latin Empire of Constantinople 1228/31 and 1238/39.

m firstly --- Branaina, daughter of THEODOROS Branas & his wife Agnes de France (-before 1239). The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines refers to the daughter of "sororem regis Francorum imperatricem" marrying "Nargaldo de Toceio, Guidonis de Dampetro consobrinus", in a later passage recording that she was "filia Livernes et sororis regis Francie"[313].

m secondly ([1239/40]) --- of the Kumans, daughter of JONAS of the Kumans (-Constantinople after 1241). The primary source which confirms her origin and marriage has not yet been identified. She became a nun after her husband died.

Narjot [III] & his first wife had four children:

1. PHILIPPE de Toucy (-12 Jan 1277). The primary source which confirms his parentage has not yet been identified. Regent of the Latin Empire of Constantinople 1245/47. Admiral of the Kingdom of Sicily 1271. m PORTIA de Roye, daughter of OTHON de Roye & his wife ---. The primary source which confirms her parentage and marriage has not yet been identified. Philippe & his wife had two children:

a) NARJOT [IV] de Toucy (-[8 Aug/16 Sep] 1293). The primary source which confirms his parentage has not yet been identified. Signor di Terza. Captain-General of Durazzo. Admiral of the kingdom of Sicily 1277. Captain-General of Morea 1282. In early 1288, when Lucia and her husband arrived at Acre to take up her inheritance, the Commune of Tripoli refused to accept her. It finally recognised her as Ctss of Tripoli after suspecting that the Genoese, led by Bartolomeo Embriaco, wished to seize control of the town[314]. Sultan Qalawun, taking advantage of the general confusion over the succession, besieged Tripoli in Feb 1289 and captured the city 26 Apr 1289, whereupon Ctss Lucia escaped to Cyprus. m ([1278]) LUCIE of Antioch, daughter of BOHEMOND VI Prince of Antioch & his wife Sibylle of Armenia (-before 29 Jun 1299). The Chronicle of Amadi records that "principe Beimonte…haveva una sorella" who was married in Apulia to "messer Hugo de Theusi, amira de Puglia"[315]. The Lignages d'Outremer name (in order) "Beymont, Ysabeau, Marie et Lucie" as the four children of "Beymont" & his wife, stating that Lucie married "Nerjo de Toussi" and died without heirs[316]. The Chronicle of Amadi records that "una sorella Luciana…moglie del signor Nargo…almiraglio del re Carlo in Puglia" was heiress of "Beimonte principe de Antiochia et conte de Tripoli"[317]. She succeeded her brother in 1287 as Ctss of Tripoli, while living in Apulia. The Istoria of Marino Sanudo Torsello names "miser Narzi di Torzi armiraglio del Rè Carlo" and "la principessa d´Antiochia sua moglie"[318]. Narjot [IV] & his wife had one child:

i) PHILIPPE de Toucy (-after 1300). The primary source which confirms his parentage has not yet been identified. He succeeded his father in 1293 as Signor di Terza. He succeeded his mother as titular Prince of Antioch. m (1299, dissolved by Papal bull 17 Jan 1300 because of the minority of the parties) as her first husband, ELEONORE of Sicily, daughter of CHARLES II King of Sicily [Anjou-Capet] & his wife Maria of Hungary (1289-Monastery of San Nicolo di Arena 9 Aug 1341, bur Catania, Franciscan monastery). The primary source which confirms her parentage and marriages has not yet been identified. She married secondly (Messina May 1303) Federigo I King of Sicily [Trinacria], son of PEDRO III King of Aragon.

b) OTHON [Oddone] de Toucy (-after 1300). The primary source which confirms his parentage has not yet been identified. Seigneur de Roye. Heir of the family properties in the kingdom of Sicily. Judge in Sicily.

2. ANSELIN de Toucy (-Jan 1273). The Livre de la Conqueste de la Morée records that “messire Ancelin de Tucy, le frere de messire Philippe de Ticu qui baux estoit de Constantinople” fought against the Turks, in a passage dated to [1265], adding that “il fus nés et Norris en Romanie et savoit la langue et les manieres des Turs” and therefore acted as go-between with the Turkish leader[319]. Signor di Mottola, Ceglie del Gualdo Servano 1269. m (after 1261) as her second husband, ---, widow of OTHON de Tournay Baron of Kalavryta, daughter of ---. The Livre de la Conqueste de la Morée records that “messire A de Toucy, freré de monseignor Philippe” married “la mere de messire Goffroy de Tornay”[320].

3. [AGNES] de Toucy . The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines records the marriage of "Guielmus" and "filiam Nargaldi natam de filia Livernes et sororis regis Francie" but does not name his wife[321]. 1239/1252. m (1239) as his first wife, GUILLAUME de Villehardouin, son of GEOFFROY I Prince of Achaia & his wife Elisabeth [de Chappes] (Kalamata Castle after [1208][322]-Kalamata Castle[323] 1 May 1278, bur Andravida, church of St James). He succeeded his brother in 1246 as GUILLAUME II "le grand Dent" Prince of Achaia.

4. MARGUERITE de Toucy (-[1279]). The primary source which confirms her parentage and marriage has not yet been identified. Nun at Morea until 1252. m LEONARDO di Veruli, son of --- (-1281). Chancellor of the Principality of Achaia.

F. SEIGNEURS de VENISY

Venisy is located north-east of Auxerre in the present-day département of Yonne, in the canton of Brienon-sur-Armançon. The Venisy family rose to retrospective fame in the early 13th century dispute between Pope Innocent II and Erard de Brienne Seigneur de Ramerupt concerning the validity of his marriage to Philippa of Jerusalem [Champagne], their consanguinity being traced to a common descent from Philippe I King of France, in the case of Erard through Adelais de Venisy. The family of earlier seigneurs de Venisy in the mid-12th century is reconstructed mainly from charters in the collection of the cartulary of Yonne.

Two siblings:

1. ARNAUD [de Venisy] . A charter dated 20 May 1145 records the donation to the abbey of Dilo of “censum suum…apud Naalli” by “Joffridus de Montchardun”, which the monks had repurchased from "Arnaudo avunculo Garini de Venesi"[324]. It is possible that Arnaud was deceased at the date of the charter, his interest in the property in question having been inherited by Garnier. It is not known whether Arnaud was the maternal or paternal uncle of Garnier. The term "avunculus" would indicate his maternal uncle if used in its strict sense, but the word was often used more loosely in contemporary documentation.

2. [brother/sister] --- . As noted above, it is not known which parent of the brothers Garnier and Anseau was the sibling of Arnaud. m ---. Two children:

a) GARNIER [Warin] de Venisy (-after 20 May 1145). A charter dated 20 May 1145 records the donation to the abbey of Dilo of “censum suum…apud Naalli” by “Joffridus de Montchardun”, which the monks had repurchased from "Arnaudo avunculo Garini de Venesi", with the consent of "hoc Garino de Venesi et uxore eius de cujus feodo census est et filio ipsorum Anselmo", witnessed by "Garinus de Venesi, Anselmus filius eius…"[325].

- see below.

b) ANSEAU de Venisy . “Garinus de Venisiaco et uxor mea Petronilla cum filio Ansello” confirmed a donation of land at Chailly to Pontigny, reciting a division of the land in the presence of “Ansello fratre meo”, by charter dated 9 Aug 1141, with the consent of "…filius noster Fregericus" and witnessed by "…Theobaldus de Venisiaco…"[326]. It is unclear from the wording of the document whether Anseau, brother of Garnier, was deceased at the time, the division of land having taken place at some time before the confirmation.

It is not known how the following family group was related to the main Venisy family, if at all.

1. GUILLAUME de Venisy . He is named as father of Thibaut in the 1143 charter witnessed by his son (see below). m ---. The name of Guillaume´s wife is not known. Guillaume & his wife had one child:

a) THIBAUT de Venisy (-after 1143). “…Theobaldus de Venisiaco…” witnessed the charter dated 1138 under which recited the history of a donation to Pontigny[327]. “Garinus de Venisiaco et uxor mea Petronilla cum filio Ansello” confirmed a donation of land at Chailly to Pontigny, reciting a division of the land in the presence of “Ansello fratre meo”, by charter dated 9 Aug 1141, with the consent of "…filius noster Fregericus" and witnessed by "…Theobaldus de Venisiaco…"[328]. “…Theobaldus filius Guillelmi de Venisiaco…” witnessed the charter dated 1143 under which the archbishop of Sens confirmed a donation to Pontigny[329].

GARNIER [Warin] de Venisy, son of --- (-after 1146). A charter dated 1139 records donations to the abbey of Dilo, including the donation of “feodum de Thori” by “Symon Pichered” which was confirmed by "Garnerus de Venisy…a quo feodum istud tenebat"[330]. “Garinus de Venisiaco et uxor mea Petronilla cum filio Ansello” confirmed a donation of land at Chailly to Pontigny, reciting a division of the land in the presence of “Ansello fratre meo”, by charter dated 9 Aug 1141, with the consent of "…filius noster Fregericus" and witnessed by "…Theobaldus de Venisiaco…"[331]. A charter dated 20 May 1145 records the donation to the abbey of Dilo of “censum suum…apud Naalli” by “Joffridus de Montchardun”, which the monks had repurchased from "Arnaudo avunculo Garini de Venesi", with the consent of "hoc Garino de Venesi et uxore eius de cujus feodo census est et filio ipsorum Anselmo", witnessed by "Garinus de Venesi, Anselmus filius eius…"[332]. Hugues Bishop of Auxerre noted that “Garinus de Venesiaco et uxor sua Petronilla et filii sui Ansellus et Ferricus” had relinquished claims “in territorio de Burs” in favour of Pontigny by charter dated 1146[333]. A charter dated to after 1151 recites the donation of “feodum de Thori” by “Symon Pichered” to Dilo abbey, confirmed by "Garnerus…de Venisiaco a quo feodum illud Symon tenebat et uxor Garini Petronilla sed et filius eius Ansellus", and a later donation confirmed by "Ansellus…de Venisiaco…et frater Anselli, Freherus, sed et uxor sua Elisabeth", as well as other donations by Anseau, Isabelle and Ferry[334].

m PETRONILLE, daughter of --- (-after 1146). “Garinus de Venisiaco et uxor mea Petronilla cum filio Ansello” confirmed a donation of land at Chailly to Pontigny, reciting a division of the land in the presence of “Ansello fratre meo”, by charter dated 9 Aug 1141, with the consent of "…filius noster Fregericus" and witnessed by "…Theobaldus de Venisiaco…"[335]. A charter dated 20 May 1145 records the donation to the abbey of Dilo of “censum suum…apud Naalli” by “Joffridus de Montchardun”, which the monks had repurchased from "Arnaudo avunculo Garini de Venesi", with the consent of "hoc Garino de Venesi et uxore eius de cujus feodo census est et filio ipsorum Anselmo", witnessed by "Garinus de Venesi, Anselmus filius eius…"[336]. Hugues Bishop of Auxerre noted that “Garinus de Venesiaco et uxor sua Petronilla et filii sui Ansellus et Ferricus” had relinquished claims “in territorio de Burs” in favour of Pontigny by charter dated 1146[337].

Guérin & his wife had two children:

1. ANSEAU de Venisy (-after 1151). “Garinus de Venisiaco et uxor mea Petronilla cum filio Ansello” confirmed a donation of land at Chailly to Pontigny, reciting a division of the land in the presence of “Ansello fratre meo”, by charter dated 9 Aug 1141, with the consent of "…filius noster Fregericus" and witnessed by "…Theobaldus de Venisiaco…"[338]. A charter dated 20 May 1145 records the donation to the abbey of Dilo of “censum suum…apud Naalli” by “Joffridus de Montchardun”, which the monks had repurchased from "Arnaudo avunculo Garini de Venesi", with the consent of "hoc Garino de Venesi et uxore eius de cujus feodo census est et filio ipsorum Anselmo", witnessed by "Garinus de Venesi, Anselmus filius eius…"[339]. Hugues Bishop of Auxerre noted that “Garinus de Venesiaco et uxor sua Petronilla et filii sui Ansellus et Ferricus” had relinquished claims “in territorio de Burs” in favour of Pontigny by charter dated 1146[340]. “…Alelmus de Veniseio…” witnessed the charter dated to before 1150 under which "Hugo Pauper, filius Galteri Rufi" donated property to Vauluisant[341]. A charter dated to after 1151 recites the donation of “feodum de Thori” by “Symon Pichered” to Dilo abbey, confirmed by "Garnerus…de Venisiaco a quo feodum illud Symon tenebat et uxor Garini Petronilla sed et filius eius Ansellus", and a later donation confirmed by "Ansellus…de Venisiaco…et frater Anselli, Freherus, sed et uxor sua Elisabeth", as well as other donations by Anseau, Isabelle and Ferry[342]. m ([1136]) [as her first husband,] ISABELLE de Nangis Dame de Nangis, daughter of FLEURI de France Seigneur de Nangis & his wife [--- de Nangis] ([1118]-[after 1166/67]). Documents dated Jul 1213 and Aug 1213, relating to the consanguinity between Erard de Brienne Seigneur de Ramerupt and his wife Philippa of Jerusalem, record "rex Franciæ…Grossus rex fratrem…Florium…filia Isabellis de Nangies…domina de Venisiaco", adding that her daughter was "domina de Venisiaco, mater…[Erardum de Rameruco] [Erardum de Brena]", another document in the series clarifying that Isabelle was the mother of "Aalaidis dominæ Venisiaci…mater…Erardi"[343]. Dame de Nangis. A charter dated to after 1151 recites the donation of “feodum de Thori” by “Symon Pichered” to Dilo abbey, confirmed by "Garnerus…de Venisiaco a quo feodum illud Symon tenebat et uxor Garini Petronilla sed et filius eius Ansellus", and a later donation confirmed by "Ansellus…de Venisiaco…et frater Anselli, Freherus, sed et uxor sua Elisabeth", as well as other donations by Anseau, Isabelle and Ferry[344]. She is named in the cartulary of Preuilly[345]. [She married secondly Guy [de Marolles]. According to Europäische Stammtafeln, Isabelle married firstly "Guy de Marolles", adding that he joined the crusade in 1141 and died in Palestine[346]. The primary source on which this is based is not known. However, under a charter dated to [1166/67], Louis VII King of France confirmed donations of property to the abbey of Barbeau, including the donation of "apud capellam de Sarnai" made by "Guidonis de Nangiis…cum assensu uxoris sue Helisabeth" and with the consent of "Milo de Corteriaco…uxore et filiis"[347]. It is possible that "Guidonis de Nangiis" is the same person as Guy de Marolles, and that his wife "Helisabeth" was Isabelle de Nangis. If this is correct, Guy would have been Isabelle´s second husband not her first, assuming that the charter relates to then current donations. This would also be consistent with her supposed daughter by this marriage having given birth to children from her second marriage (to Adam de Melun) in the 1180s. Her descendants by this supposed second marriage were studied by Maurice Lecomte[348]. Anseau & his wife had one child:

a) ADELAIS de Venisy (-[20 Mar 1221/Nov 1222]). Documents dated Jul 1213 and Aug 1213, relating to the consanguinity between Erard de Brienne Seigneur de Ramerupt and his wife Philippa of Jerusalem, records "rex Franciæ…Grossus rex fratrem…Florium…filia Isabellis de Nangies…domina de Venisiaco", adding that her daughter was "domina de Venisiaco, mater…[Erardum de Rameruco] [Erardum de Brena]", another document in the series clarifying that Isabelle was the mother of "Aalaidis dominæ Venisiaci…mater…Erardi"[349]. Dame de Venisy. “Dominus Gaucherus de Jovigniaco et domina Aelicia de Venesiaco uxor eius et dominus Erardus de Brena ipsius Aelicie filius” confirmed the donation made by “Milo de Pogiaco et Helisabeth uxor sua” to Sens Maison-Dieu by charter dated Aug 1207[350]. “Gaucherus de Joviniaco dominus Venisiaci...et uxor mea A. et filius eius E. de Brena” relinquished rights in the forest of Saint-Etienne in favour of Pontigny abbey by charter dated 1211[351]. m firstly (before 1167) ANDRE de Brienne Seigneur de Ramerupt, son of GAUTHIER [II] Comte de Brienne & his [first/second] wife Humbeline de Baudément (-killed in battle Acre Oct 1189). m secondly (before 1295) as his first wife, GAUCHER de Joigny Seigneur de Châteaurenard, seneschal de Nevers, son of RENARD [IV] Comte de Joigny & his wife Adelaide de Nevers (-before Nov 1237).

2. FERRY de Venisy (-after 1151). “Garinus de Venisiaco et uxor mea Petronilla cum filio Ansello” confirmed a donation of land at Chailly to Pontigny, reciting a division of the land in the presence of “Ansello fratre meo”, by charter dated 9 Aug 1141, with the consent of "…filius noster Fregericus" and witnessed by "…Theobaldus de Venisiaco…"[352]. A charter dated to after 1151 recites the donation of “feodum de Thori” by “Symon Pichered” to Dilo abbey, confirmed by "Garnerus…de Venisiaco a quo feodum illud Symon tenebat et uxor Garini Petronilla sed et filius eius Ansellus", and a later donation confirmed by "Ansellus…de Venisiaco…et frater Anselli, Freherus, sed et uxor sua Elisabeth", as well as other donations by Anseau, Isabelle and Ferry[353].

Chapter 4. COMTES d'AUXOIS et de DUESMOIS, SIRES de FOUVENT

The pagus Alsensis and the pagus Duismensis were two of the five pagi which were situated within the diocese of Autun. The former, originally known as the pagus Alesiensis, evolved into the county of Auxois and was centred around Alise-Sainte-Reine, but by the early 11th century was subsumed into the pagus Duismensis which by that time had become the county of Duesmois, named after Duesme which in modern times is a small village in the canton of Aignay-le-Duc[354]. Pope Pascal II confirmed the possession of numerous castles to the bishop of Langres, including “...castrum Duisme...”, by bull dated [1105][355].

A. COMTES d'AUXOIS

1. ---. m ALQUIDIS, daughter of ---. Her name is confirmed by the charter dated Aug 1000 under which "Milo nobili ortus progenie" donated property to the abbey of Flavigny, including the donation supported by "Aymone…comite" of property which "mater sua Alquidis" gave to "filie sue Eldesnodi"[356]. Alquidis & her husband had [three] children:

a) AIMON [I] (-17 Mar 1004 or after). He is named with his son Walo in a charter of Hugues Duke of Burgundy dated in the 980s. He is called Comte d'Auxois in 992[357]. "Milo nobili ortus progenie" donated property, including the donation supported by "Aymone…comite" of property which "mater sua Alquidis" gave to "filie sue Eldesnodi", to the abbey of Flavigny by charter dated Aug 1000 subscribed by "Aymo comes Alsinsis eius consanguineus"[358]. "Comes Alsensis comitatus" restored rights to the abbey of Flavigny by charter dated 3 Apr 1002[359]. The testament of "Aymo…comitatus Alsinses atque Dusmensis" dated 17 Mar 1004 is recorded in the cartulary of the abbey of Flavigny, subscribed by "Gualo filius eius, Vualterius filius eius, Hubertus, Gerardus, Helinnanus nepotes eius…Gerardi vicecomitis"[360]. m ---. The name of Aimon's wife is not known. Comte Aimon [I] & his wife had [four] children:

i) [AIMON (-before [1034/46]). Aimon's parentage is not certain. "Miles nobilis stemmatis linea progenitus…Vualo…cum sua iugali…Iudith" donated a serf to the abbey of Flavigny by undated charter[361]. It is noted in the compilation that Duchesne adds a list of signatories to this charter, which does not appear in any of the surviving manuscripts, which includes "Vualonis, Iudith uxoris eius, Aymonis comitis fratris eius qui consensit, Hervei fratris eius alterius…"[362]. If this is genuine, it suggests that Aimon was older than his brother Gauthier because of his position in the list. He may even have been his father's oldest son, because of his title "comitis", but in this case it is curious that he is not named in any of his supposed father's charters and in particular does not appear in his father's 1004 testament.]

- COMTES de BOLENOIS.]

ii) WALO (-1020 or after). The testament of "Aymo…comitatus Alsinses atque Dusmensis" dated 17 Mar 1004 is recorded in the cartulary of the abbey of Flavigny, subscribed by "Gualo filius eius, Vualterius filius eius, Hubertus, Gerardus, Helinnanus nepotes eius…Gerardi vicecomitis"[363]. "Walo vocatus comes et fratre meus Walterius et Warnerius Sembernonis atque Humbertus advocatus seu frater eius Girardus" donated property to Saint-Bénigne de Dijon by charter dated 1020 signed in different groups by "Vualonis quondam comitis et uxoris eius Judith et filiorum eius Aymonis atque Hugonis, Vualterii fratris eius", by "Vuarnerii et uxoris eius Istiburgis et filiarum eius Anne et Addile", and by "Humberti advocati et uxoris eius Ermentrude et filii eius Hileranni, Girardi fratris eius, Bertrade sororis eius, Tetbaldi nepotis eius"[364]. m JUDITH, daughter of ---. "Walo vocatus comes et fratre meus Walterius et Warnerius Sembernonis atque Humbertus advocatus seu frater eius Girardus" donated property to Saint-Bénigne de Dijon by charter dated 1020 signed by "Vualonis quondam comitis et uxoris eius Judith et filiorum eius Aymonis atque Hugonis, Vualterii fratris eius"[365]. "Miles nobilis stemmatis linea progenitus…Vualo…cum sua iugali…Iudith" donated a serf to the abbey of Flavigny by undated charter[366]. m ---. The name of Walo's wife is not known. Comte Walo & his wife had two children:

(a) AIMON (-after 1020). "Walo vocatus comes et fratre meus Walterius et Warnerius Sembernonis atque Humbertus advocatus seu frater eius Girardus" donated property to Saint-Bénigne de Dijon by charter dated 1020 signed by "Vualonis quondam comitis et uxoris eius Judith et filiorum eius Aymonis atque Hugonis, Vualterii fratris eius"[367].

(b) HUGUES (-1052 or after). "Walo vocatus comes et fratre meus Walterius et Warnerius Sembernonis atque Humbertus advocatus seu frater eius Girardus" donated property to Saint-Bénigne de Dijon by charter dated 1020 signed by "Vualonis quondam comitis et uxoris eius Judith et filiorum eius Aymonis atque Hugonis, Vualterii fratris eius"[368].

iii) GAUTHIER (-1020 or after). The testament of "Aymo…comitatus Alsinses atque Dusmensis" dated 17 Mar 1004 is recorded in the cartulary of the abbey of Flavigny, subscribed by "Gualo filius eius, Vualterius filius eius, Hubertus, Gerardus, Helinnanus nepotes eius…Gerardi vicecomitis"[369]. "Walo vocatus comes et fratre meus Walterius et Warnerius Sembernonis atque Humbertus advocatus seu frater eius Girardus" donated property to Saint-Bénigne de Dijon by charter dated 1020 signed by "Vualonis quondam comitis et uxoris eius Judith et filiorum eius Aymonis atque Hugonis, Vualterii fratris eius"[370].

iv) [HERVE . Hervé´s parentage is not certain. "Miles nobilis stemmatis linea progenitus…Vualo…cum sua iugali…Iudith" donated a serf to the abbey of Flavigny by undated charter[371]. It is noted in the compilation that Duchesne adds a list of signatories to this charter, which does not appear in any of the surviving manuscripts, which includes "Vualonis, Iudith uxoris eius, Aymonis comitis fratris eius qui consensit, Hervei fratris eius alterius…"[372].]

b) [GERTRUDE . It is assumed that the mother of "…Hubertus, Gerardus, Helinnanus nepotes eius…" who subscribed the testament of "Aymo…comitatus Alsinses atque Dusmensis" dated 17 Mar 1004[373] was the testator's sister although there is no proof that this is correct. "Girardus Fontisvennæ dominus" founded the church of Fouvent, "apud Artionis-curtem villam, quam de hereditate Gertrudis uxoris suæ", by charter dated 3 May 1019[374]. Dame d'Arsincourt. m GERARD de Fouvent, son of GERARD de Fouvent & his wife --- (-1032 or after).

c) ELDESNODIS . "Milo nobili ortus progenie" donated property, including the donation supported by "Aymone…comite" of property which "mater sua Alquidis" gave to "filie sue Eldesnodi", to the abbey of Flavigny by charter dated Aug 1000 subscribed by "Aymo comes Alsinsis eius consanguineus"[375]. Although the meaning of this charter is not certain, it is suggested that the wording indicates that Eldesnodis was the sister not daughter of Comte Aymon.

2. [---. m ---.] [Two] children:

a) MILO (-after Aug 1000). "Aymo comes Alsinsis eius consanguineus" subscribed the charter dated Aug 1000 by which "Milo nobili ortus progenie" donated property to the abbey of Flavigny for the soul of "nepotis sui…Aymonis Pilo" who was killed "apud castrum Grinionem"[376]. The precise relationship between the two is not known.

b) [---. m ---.] One child:

i) AIMON "Pilus" (-killed Grignon castle before Aug 1000). "Aymo comes Alsinsis eius consanguineus" subscribed the charter dated Aug 1100 by which "Milo nobili ortus progenie" donated property to the abbey of Flavigny for the soul of "nepotis sui…Aymonis Pilo" who was killed "apud castrum Grinionem"[377]. The precise relationship between the two is not known.

B. SEIGNEURS de FOUVENT

Pope Pascal II confirmed the possession of numerous castles to the bishop of Langres, including “...castrum Fonsvennæ...”, by bull dated [1105][378].

GERARD de Fouvent, son of ---. 990/95.

m ---. The name of Gérard's wife is not known.

Gérard & his wife had one child:

1. GERARD de Fouvent (-1032 or after). Europäische Stammtafeln names Gérard as son of Gérard de Fouvent[379], but the primary source on which this is based has not yet been identified. Gérard's supposed son, Hubert, is referred to as nepos of Aimon [I] Comte d'Auxois in the latter's 1004 testament, but the family relationship could have been through Gérard, his wife Gertrude or through Aimon's unknown wife. The Chronicon Besuense notes a donation of property “terræ apud Artionis…villam quam de hereditate Geretrudis uxoris suæ” by “Girardus Fontis-vennæ castri dominus” dated 1019, signed by “Girardus Comes Fontis-vennæ…Hugo comes…”[380]. The Chronicon Besuense notes a donation of property by “Girardus…cum Gertrude uxore mea” dated 1 May 1020, signed by “Girardi, Gertrudis, Girardi Clerici, Humberti filiorum eorum…”[381]. m GERTRUDE, daughter of [AIMON [I] Comte d'Auxois & his wife ---]. She is named Gertrude de Lavoncourt in Europäische Stammtafeln[382], but the primary source on which this is based has not yet been identified. It is assumed that the mother of "…Hubertus, Gerardus, Helinnanus nepotes eius…" who subscribed the testament of "Aymo…comitatus Alsinses atque Dusmensis" dated 17 Mar 1004[383] was the testator's sister, although there is no proof that this is correct. "Girardus Fontisvennæ dominus" founded the church of Fouvent, "apud Artionis-curtem villam, quam de hereditate Gertrudis uxoris suæ", by charter dated 3 May 1019[384]. The Chronicon Besuense notes a donation of property “ecclesie in comitatu Atoariensi” by “miles quidam…Girardus” with the consent of “uxoris suæ…Gertrudis et filii sui Humberti”[385]. The Chronicon Besuense notes a donation of property by “Girardus…cum Gertrude uxore mea” dated 1 May 1020, signed by “Girardi, Gertrudis, Girardi Clerici, Humberti filiorum eorum…”[386]. Gérard & his wife had [seven] children:

a) HUMBERT [Hubert] de Fouvent (-1032 or after). The Chronicon Besuense notes a donation of property “ecclesie in comitatu Atoariensi” by “miles quidam…Girardus” with the consent of “uxoris suæ…Gertrudis et filii sui Humberti”[387]. The testament of "Aymo…comitatus Alsinses atque Dusmensis" dated 17 Mar 1004 is recorded in the cartulary of the abbey of Flavigny, subscribed by "Gualo filius eius, Vualterius filius eius, Hubertus, Gerardus, Helinnanus nepotes eius…Gerardi vicecomitis"[388]. The Chronicon Besuense notes a donation of property by “Girardus…cum Gertrude uxore mea” dated 1 May 1020, signed by “Girardi, Gertrudis, Girardi Clerici, Humberti filiorum eorum…”[389]. Cousin of the brothers Walo and Gauthier (sons of Aimon [I] Comte d'Auxois) with whom he acted in 1020[390]. m GERBERGE, daughter of ---. She is named as wife of Hubert in Europäische Stammtafeln[391], but the primary source on which this is based has not yet been identified. Hubert & his wife had two children:

i) GERARD [III] de Fouvent (-1077 or after). m ---. The name of Gérard's wife is not known. Gérard & his wife had three children, although the primary source on which this is based has not yet been identified.

(a) HUMBERT [I] "le Brun" de Fouvent (-1082). m ---.

- SEIGNEURS de FOUVENT, de CONFLANDEY et de MONTAGNEY[392].

(b) GUILLAUME de Fouvent . 1095/1125. An undated charter under which "Severicus de Verziaco dominus Cabilonensis comes et uxor eius Elisabeth, et Symon filius suus et filia Ayglentina [domina] de Puliaco" sold "villam…Franceis" [Francxault] to Dijon Saint-Etienne records that "domino Vuidone de Foventis…et domino Guilermo avunculo suo" consented to the donation[393]. The Chronicon Besuense records that “Guillelmus Fontis-vennæ” donated property to Bèze, with the consent of “Girardus filius eius...Guido domino Fontis-vennæ cum filio suo Theoderico et Guidonis domino Jovis villæ” to Bèze by undated charter[394]. m ---. The name of Guillaume´s wife is not known. Guillaume & his wife had one child:

(1) GERARD de Fouvent . The Chronicon Besuense records that “Guillelmus Fontis-vennæ” donated property to Bèze, with the consent of “Girardus filius eius...Guido domino Fontis-vennæ cum filio suo Theoderico et Guidonis domino Jovis villæ” to Bèze by undated charter[395].

ii) HUMBERT de Fouvent (-[1085/87]). m [ADELAIS de Chalon], daughter of ---. The primary source which confirms the name of Humbert's wife has not yet been identified. Humbert & his wife had two children, although the primary source on which this is based has not yet been identified:

(a) HUMBERT "le Roux" de Fouvent dit de Jonvelle (-after 1098). The Chronicon Besuense records that “duo fratres Humbertus Rufus et Wido filii Humberti Fontisvennæ” donated “ecclesias...citra aquam...Asmantia...” to Bèze by charter dated 1098[396].

- SEIGNEURS de JONVELLE[397].

(b) GUY "le Roux" de Fouvent (-after 1098). The Chronicon Besuense records that “duo fratres Humbertus Rufus et Wido filii Humberti Fontisvennæ” donated “ecclesias...citra aquam...Asmantia...” to Bèze by charter dated 1098[398]. same person as …? GUY de Palleau . This possible co-identity is shown in Europäische Stammtafeln[399] but the basis for this speculation is not known. 1077. m ---. The name of Guy's wife is not known. Guy & his wife had one child:

(1) HUMBERT de Palleau . Seigneur de Palleau. 1120/24.

b) GERARD de Fouvent (-killed 1030). The Chronicon Besuense notes a donation of property by “Girardus…cum Gertrude uxore mea” dated 1 May 1020, signed by “Girardi, Gertrudis, Girardi Clerici, Humberti filiorum eorum…”[400]. The testament of "Aymo…comitatus Alsinses atque Dusmensis" dated 17 Mar 1004 is recorded in the cartulary of the abbey of Flavigny, subscribed by "Gualo filius eius, Vualterius filius eius, Hubertus, Gerardus, Helinnanus nepotes eius…Gerardi vicecomitis"[401]. Cousin of the brothers Walo and Gautier (sons of Aimon [I] Comte d'Auxois) with whom he acted in 1020[402], and assumed therefore to be the brother of "Humbert" although direct proof of this has not been found. Cleric.

c) HALINARD de Fouvent . The testament of "Aymo…comitatus Alsinses atque Dusmensis" dated 17 Mar 1004 is recorded in the cartulary of the abbey of Flavigny, subscribed by "Gualo filius eius, Vualterius filius eius, Hubertus, Gerardus, Helinnanus nepotes eius…Gerardi vicecomitis"[403]. He is assumed to be the brother of Hubert and Gerard although there is no proof that this is correct.

d) BERTRADA de Fouvent . She and her parents are named in a charter of Saint-Bénigne de Dijon[404].

e) daughter . Her origin, as maternal grandmother of "domno abbate Stephano", is stated in the Chronicle of Saint-Bénigne de Dijon which names the abbot's parents as "patre Joffredo…consul [qui] a patre et avo consulibus originem duxit" and "matre…Arnulfi…consulis de Risnel filia, matrem habens…consulis Gerardi de Fonvenz filiam"[405]. Bouchard suggests that she may have been the same person as Gérard's known daughter Bertrada[406]. m ARNOUL Comte de Reynel, son of ---. 1074.

f) [ERMENTRUDE . She is named with her husband and children in a charter of Saint-Bénigne de Dijon[407], but her origin is not given. m HUMBERT de Salmaise, son of ---. The Chronicle of St Bénigne de Dijon records a donation by "Humbertus dominus castri quod vocatur Sarmacia" dated 1013[408]. Bouchard[409] suggests that he is the same person as "Hubert [de Fouvent]", the supposed brother of Ermentrude (see above). However, Europäische Stammtafeln names the latter's wife Gerberge and their children Gérard and Humbert (although the primary sources on which this is based have not yet been identified, see above)[410]. A close relationship with the Fouvent family is indicated by the common use of the unusual name "Halinard", the hypothesis being that Humbert's wife was Hubert's sister.] Humbert & his wife had six children:

i) HALINARD . He is named with his parents.

ii) THIBAUT . He is named with his parents.

iii) AIMON . He is named with his parents.

iv) ARLEUS . He is named with his parents.

v) GUILLAUME . He is named with his parents.

vi) WANDELMODIS . She is named with her parents.

g) [--- . m ---.] [One child]:

i) [THIBAUT . Nepos of Humbert de Salmaise, with whom he is named[411], although it is not known whether the relationship was through his own or his wife's family.]

C. SEIGNEURS de MONTREAL

Montréal en Bourgogne is located near Avallon. The ancient county in whose territory it lay has not yet been ascertained with certainty. It appears to have been beyond the southern boundary of the county of Auxerr e and north of the county of Nevers. The most likely possibility is that it lay within the short-lived county of Auxois, which was subsumed into the duchy of Burgundy. The properties of the family were confiscated by Louis IX King of France in 1255 because of the behaviour of Anséric [V] Seigneur de Montréal. Montréal was later acquired by Hugues IV Duke of Burgundy who granted to his son Hugues in 1272. After the death as a child of his daughter Beatrix in 1291, the territory was inherited by her paternal aunt Marguerite, wife of Jean de Chalon Seigneur d´Arlay.

HUGUES de Chacenay, son of MILON Sire de Chacenay & his wife Adelaide ). "Milo de Cacenniaco et Adelaidis uxor eius et filius eorum Hugo" donated property to the abbey of Molesme by charter dated 26 Dec, dated to [1084/1107][412]. same person as…? HUGUES (-after 9 Apr 1119). The primary source which confirms this co-identity has not yet been identified. Seigneur de Montréal. “...Hugo de Monteregali, Hugo de Tilio...” subscribed the charter dated 1113 which records a dispute between the monks of Flavigny and “Hugo de Merlenniaco filius Tetbaldi Rufi advocati”[413]. “Petrus de Monteregali clericus et canonicus Augustudensis, filius Gauterii de Turre” donated “molendinum...binomius...Fragineus...Sagitta” for his entry into Fontemoy abbey, with the consent of “domino Montisregalis...Hugone”, by charter dated 1 Jul 1115[414]. “Hugo de Monteregali dominus et uxor eius Aluysa” donated “terram...Campum-Leuve...juxta fluvium...Senain” to Fontemoy abbey by charter dated 9 Apr 1119[415].

m as her first husband, HELVIDE de Baudémont, daughter of ANDRE de Baudémont Seneschal de Champagne & his wife Agnes --- (-1165). “Hugo de Monteregali dominus et uxor eius Aluysa” donated “terram...Campum-Leuve...juxta fluvium...Senain” to Fontemoy abbey by charter dated 9 Apr 1119[416]. "Domina Montis Regali…Alaisa" ratified donations to Fontenoy after the death of "viri sui Hugonis" by undated charter[417]. She married secondly ([1120/25]) Guy [I] Seigneur de Dampierre et de Saint-Dizier Vicomte de Troyes. "Eluidis Montis regali domina" donated property to Jully-les-Nonnains, with the consent of "Anserici filii sui", by charter dated 1129[418]. [“Willelmus de Teliciaco” consented to the donation of “terra Ulduni” to Fontemoy abbey by “dominus Landricus de Praiaco” by charter dated to [1130/34] “in aula...domini Widonis Montisregali domini”[419]. It is likely that the last-named was the second husband of Helvide de Baudémont, acting as seigneur de Montréal during the continued minority of her son by her first marriage.] "Guido de Dampetra…et uxor eius…Elvidis et filii Anserici et Guillelmus" approved the donation by "Lethericus de Baudimonto" to the Templars at Provins, by charter dated 1133[420]. "Aelidis uxor Widonis domini de Brana post mortem viri sui…Guidonis" donated "census…Branæ castri et Branellæ villæ" to the Premonstré abbey, with the consent of "patre eorum Andrea de Baldimento et matre eorum Agnetis et ipsorum fratre Waleranno Vrsicampi abbate et sororibus eorum Helwide et Hubelina et earum maritis Waltero comiti de Brienna et Guidone de Dampierre" (although the names of the brothers-in-law are reversed in this document), by charter dated 1144[421]. "Simon dominus Belfortis" donated property to Chapelle-aux-Planches by charter dated 1152 in which he names "Hugone fratre meo domino de Brecis", in the presence of "domini Wilermi domini de Dampetra […et Heleidis mater eius…] et Milonis de Planceii"[422]. "Hadevilde ctssa de Dampierre, Helye Renaud son avunculus…Beatrix femme d'Helye" witnessed a declaration by Bozon Bishop of Chalon dated 1157 concerning a donation to the priory of Ulmoy by Guérau de Orchara[423].

Hugues & his wife had [two] children:

1. ANSERIC [I] de Montréal ([1119/23]-25 or 26 Jan 1174). The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines names (in order) "Anserici, Guilelmi, Andree et Milonis" as brothers of "Guido de Dampetra" Bishop of Chalon[424], the first named being the older uterine brother of the last three. Anséric [I] may have been a minor until the early 1140s, probably born at the end of his father´s life: the first source in which he is named as seigneur de Montréal is dated 1145, earlier charters naming as seigneur Guy, who is assumed to have been Anséric´s stepfather who would have held the seigneurie in his stepson´s place until he reached the age of majority. "Eluidis Montis regali domina" donated property to Jully-les-Nonnains, with the consent of "Anserici filii sui", by charter dated 1129[425]. "Guido de Dampetra…et uxor eius…Elvidis et filii Anserici et Guillelmus" approved the donation by "Lethericus de Baudimonto" to the Templars at Provins, by charter dated 1133[426]. Seigneur de Montréal. Seigneur de Montmirail. "Ansericus de Monteregio" donated property which stretched from "Nentri ad Trementiacum usque ad semitam...de Massengi ad Chableiam ex parte Villeri" {from the Nitry road to Tormancy as far as the Massangis way to Chablis, on the side of Villers-la-Grange} to Pontigny, with the support of “--- uxor eiusdem Anserici”, by charter dated 1145, witnessed by “Andreas de Baldament, Bernardus capellanus de Monteregio, Guido de Dompetræ et Guido filius eius...Garnerius de Dompetræ...”[427]. A charter dated 1145 records an agreement between Pontigny abbey and Auxerre Saint-Germain concerning property donated by “Ansericus de Monteregali”[428]. "Ansericus de Monteregali" confirmed the donation of pasturage and other rights to Reigny abbey, made by “pater eius Hugo et mater eius Aluisa”, before leaving for Jerusalem with Louis VII King of France by charter dated 1147[429]. Sénéchal de Bourgogne. “...Anserico senescalco...” witnessed the charter dated 1150 under which Eudes II Duke of Burgundy donated property held by “domnus Regnerius de Rupe senescaldus meus” to the abbey of Puy-d´Orbe[430]. “Ansericus Montisregii dominus” recorded an agreement between the monks of Pontigny and “dominum Manasserium socerum meum” relating to “prato...supra Marsegni” which the latter had claimed, by charter dated to [1150][431]. A charter dated 1153 records the presence of "...Ansericus dominus Montisregalis et uxor eius Adelaidis..." at the donation of land near “boscum domini Montisregalis” to Reigny abbey made by “Ivo de Avalone...”[432]. "Ansericus de Monteregali…Ansericus filius eius…Johannes minor frater eiusdem et eorum mater Aalidis, Heluis filia eius" attested the donation to Reigny by "Ivo de Avalone" by charter dated 1164[433]. “Ansericus dominus Montisregalis” recorded an agreement with Reigny abbey, with the consent of “Aalaydis uxor mea et Ansericus et Johannes filii mei et Sibilla predicti Anserici filii mei uxor”, by charter dated 1170[434]. "Ansericus de Monteregali" donated property to the church of Notre-Dame de Montréal, for the soul of "Alaydis uxoris meæ" and with the consent of "Ansericus et Johannes filii mei et Sybilla predicti Anserici uxor", by charter dated 1170[435]. The necrology of Notre-Dame de Montréal records the death "26 Jan" of "Ansericus dominus Montis Regalis, qui quatuor familias apud Sivriacum dedit" [which links with the 1170 charter quoted above][436]. The necrology of Molesme records the death "VIII Kal Feb" of "Ansericus de Monteregali qui edificavit domum Sanctimonialum"[437]. m (1145 or before) as her second husband, ADELAIDE de Pleurs, widow of HELIE de Montmirail, daughter of [JEAN Vicomte de Mareuil/MANASSES de Pleurs] & his wife --- de Ramerupt (-after 1170). The Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis specifies that one daughter (unnamed, mentioned second) of "Andreas comes de Rameruth" married "Iohannes vicecomes de Maruel" by whom she had "Manassem de Plaierris et sororem eius, quam duxit Helyas de Monte-Mirail, de qua nati sunt Galcherus et Andreas et Hugo Prorulliensis abbas; defuncto vero Helia, nupsit domino de Monte-regali, cui peperit liberos"[438]. The date of her marriage is set by the charter dated 1145 under which [her husband] "Ansericus de Monteregio" donated property to Pontigny, with the support of “--- uxor eiusdem Anserici”[439]. The charter dated to [1150], under which “Ansericus Montisregii dominus” recorded an agreement between the monks of Pontigny and “dominum Manasserium socerum meum” relating to “prato...supra Marsegni” which the latter had claimed[440], suggests that the Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis may be inaccurate in recording the name of Anséric´s father-in-law, assuming that “socer” can be translated in its strict sense. "...Ansericus dominus Montisregalis et uxor eius Adelaidis..." at the donation of land near “boscum domini Montisregalis” to Reigny abbey made by “Ivo de Avalone...”[441]. "Ansericus de Monteregali…Ansericus filius eius…Johannes minor frater eiusdem et eorum mater Aalidis, Heluis filia eius" attested the donation to Reigny by "Ivo de Avalone" by charter dated 1164[442]. “Ansericus dominus Montisregalis” recorded an agreement with Reigny abbey, with the consent of “Aalaydis uxor mea et Ansericus et Johannes filii mei et Sibilla predicti Anserici filii mei uxor”, by charter dated 1170[443]. "Ansericus de Monteregali" donated property to the church of Notre-Dame de Montréal, for the soul of "Alaydis uxoris meæ" and with the consent of "Ansericus et Johannes filii mei et Sybilla predicti Anserici uxor", by charter dated 1170[444]. Anséric [I] & his wife had [five] children:

a) ANSERIC [II] de Montréal (-Acre 1191). "Ansericus de Monteregali…Ansericus filius eius…Johannes minor frater eiusdem et eorum mater Aalidis, Heluis filia eius" attested the donation to Reigny by "Ivo de Avalone" by charter dated 1164[445]. “Ansericus dominus Montisregalis” recorded an agreement with Reigny abbey, with the consent of “Aalaydis uxor mea et Ansericus et Johannes filii mei et Sibilla predicti Anserici filii mei uxor”, by charter dated 1170[446]. "Ansericus de Monteregali" donated property to the church of Notre-Dame de Montréal, for the soul of "Alaydis uxoris meæ" and with the consent of "Ansericus et Johannes filii mei et Sybilla predicti Anserici uxor", by charter dated 1170[447]. Seigneur de Montréal. “Ansericus de Monteregali...et Sibilla uxor mea” confirmed the property of Pontigny abbey by charter dated 1177[448]. "Ansericus dominus Montis Regalis" confirmed the donations to Molesme by "pater meus Ansericus de Montemirabili", with the consent of "uxor mea Sibilla et filii mei Ansericus, Johannes, Milo", by charter dated 1183[449]. "Ansericus dominus Montis Regalis" granted customs exemptions to the Chartreux monks of Lugny, for the soul of "Sibille uxoris mee", with the consent of "filiis nostris Anserico et Johanne", by charter dated 1184[450]. "Ansericus de Monte-Regali" donated property to the abbey of Pontigny with the support of "Sybilla uxor mea et Ansericus et Johannes filii mei" by charter dated 1186[451]. "Ansericus dominus Montis Regalis", leaving for Jerusalem, donated property to the priory of Saint-Bernard de Montréal by charter dated 1189, witnessed by "dominus Joannes de Arceis frater meus…"[452]. The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines names "Guido de Domno Petro…Ansericus de Monteregali cognatus illius…" among those who left on crusade in 1190[453]. Benedict of Peterborough names "Anselmus de Monte Regali et tota familia eius" among those who died at the siege of Acre[454]. m (Aug 1170) SIBYLLE de Bourgogne, daughter of HUGUES "Rufus" de Bourgogne [Capet] Seigneur du Châtelet-Chalon et de Meursault & his first wife Isabelle de Chalon ([1150]-[1201]). The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines refers to "Hugo Rufus" as father of "domne de Monteregali"[455]. Dame de Meursault, which she received from her father as her dowry. “Ansericus dominus Montisregalis” recorded an agreement with Reigny abbey, with the consent of “Aalaydis uxor mea et Ansericus et Johannes filii mei et Sibilla predicti Anserici filii mei uxor”, by charter dated 1170[456]. "Ansericus de Monteregali" donated property to the church of Notre-Dame de Montréal, for the soul of "Alaydis uxoris meæ" and with the consent of "Ansericus et Johannes filii mei et Sybilla predicti Anserici uxor", by charter dated 1170[457]. Her name and marriage are confirmed by a charter dated to [1172/75] which records an agreement between the abbey of Cîteaux and "domnus Ansericum de Monte regali" and a donation by "Ansericum in vita uxoris sue Sibille"[458]. “Ansericus de Monteregali...et Sibilla uxor mea” confirmed the property of Pontigny abbey by charter dated 1177[459]. "Ansericus dominus Montis Regalis" confirmed the donations to Molesme by "pater meus Ansericus de Montemirabili", with the consent of "uxor mea Sibilla et filii mei Ansericus, Johannes, Milo", by charter dated 1183[460]. "Ansericus dominus Montis Regalis" granted customs exemptions to the Chartreux monks of Lugny, for the soul of "Sibille uxoris mee", with the consent of "filiis nostris Anserico et Johanne", by charter dated 1184[461]. "Ansericus de Monte-Regali" donated property to the abbey of Pontigny with the support of "Sybilla uxor mea et Ansericus et Johannes filii mei" by charter dated 1186[462]. “Sibilla Montisregali domina” donated property to Pontigny, for the soul of “domini Anserici quondam mariti mei”, with the consent of “Milo filius”, by charter dated 1197[463]. Anséric [II] & his wife had seven children:

i) ANSERIC [III] (-[Aug 1228/Jan 1236]). "Ansericus dominus Montis Regalis" confirmed the donations to Molesme by "pater meus Ansericus de Montemirabili", with the consent of "uxor mea Sibilla et filii mei Ansericus, Johannes, Milo", by charter dated 1183[464]. "Ansericus de Monte-Regali" donated property to the abbey of Pontigny with the support of "Sybilla uxor mea et Ansericus et Johannes filii mei" by charter dated 1186[465]. Seigneur de Montréal.

- see below.

ii) JEAN (-[Jun 1224/Apr 1226]). "Ansericus dominus Montis Regalis" confirmed the donations to Molesme by "pater meus Ansericus de Montemirabili", with the consent of "uxor mea Sibilla et filii mei Ansericus, Johannes, Milo", by charter dated 1183[466]. "Ansericus de Monte-Regali" donated property to the abbey of Pontigny with the support of "Sybilla uxor mea et Ansericus et Johannes filii mei" by charter dated 1186[467]. "Ansericus dominus Montisregalis et Sibilla mater mea…Johannes frater meus" donated property to the abbey of Reigny by charter dated 1197[468]. Seigneur de Tart. “Hugo...Lingonensis episcopus” confirmed the donation to the church of Tart made by “Johannes de Monteregali dominus de Thar frater meus” by charter dated Mar 1220[469]. “Johannes de Monteregali” acknowledged that he owed allegiance to “ducisse et duci Burgundie” for “apud Nuilley prope Faverneium” by charter dated 1223[470]. “Johannes de Monteregali dominus de Tard [...laude et assensu filie mee Sibille et mariti sui Lamberti domini de Domeyo]...et Nicoleta uxor eiusdem Johannis [...laude et assensu filie mee Gilberte et Margarite]” granted rights to the monks of Val des Choux by charter dated Jun 1224[471]. m firstly ---. The name of Jean´s first wife is not known. m secondly as her second husband, NICOLETA de Maigne, widow of PIERRE Seigneur de Ravières, daughter of AYMON de Maigne & his wife --- (-after Jul 1232). Cîteaux abbey exchanged property with “domine Nicholete filie domini Haymonis de Maigne”, with the consent of “domini Johannis de Thar mariti sui...Egidia filia eiusdem Nicholæ”, by charter dated Jun 1224[472]. “Johannes de Monteregali dominus de Tard [...laude et assensu filie mee Sibille et mariti sui Lamberti domini de Domeyo]...et Nicoleta uxor eiusdem Johannis [...laude et assensu filie mee Gilberte et Margarite]” granted rights to the monks of Val des Choux by charter dated Jun 1224[473]. “Nicholeta domina de Maigny...et Petrus quondam vir meus Raveriarum dominus” founded a chapel at Cones, with the consent of “dominus Andreas de Monteregali et Robertus dominus Tanlay generi nostri et etiam filie mee...domina Gilla uxor predicti Andree et Margarita uxor predicti Roberti”, by charter dated Jun 1232[474]. Jean & his first wife had one child:

(a) SIBYLLE . “Johannes de Monteregali dominus de Tard [...laude et assensu filie mee Sibille et mariti sui Lamberti domini de Domeyo]...et Nicoleta uxor eiusdem Johannis [...laude et assensu filie mee Gilberte et Margarite]” granted rights to the monks of Val des Choux by charter dated Jun 1224[475]. “Albertus dominus de Darne...et uxor mea Sibilla filia quondam domini Johannis de Thar” confirmed the donation to Cîteaux made by “predictus Johannes socer meus” under his testament by charter dated Apr 1226[476]. m LAMBERT [Albert] Seigneur de Darne, son of ---.

iii) MILON ([1175]-after 1208). "Ansericus dominus Montis Regalis" confirmed the donations to Molesme by "pater meus Ansericus de Montemirabili", with the consent of "uxor mea Sibilla et filii mei Ansericus, Johannes, Milo", by charter dated 1183[477]. “Sibilla Montisregali domina” donated property to Pontigny, for the soul of “domini Anserici quondam mariti mei”, with the consent of “Milo filius”, by charter dated 1197[478]. “Ansericus Montisregalis dominus” settled a dispute between Pontigny and “Milonem fratrem meum” by charter dated 1208[479].

iv) GUY (-1221). “Ansellus dominus Montisregalis” confirmed the donation made to the church of Chablis Saint-Martin by “Guido de Monteregali frater meus” by charter dated Jun 1212[480]. “Guido de Monteregali, frater Anserici domini Montisregalis” sold property “in villa Chableiarum” to the chapter of Tours, with the consent of “uxor mea Alaidis et dominus Andreas frater meus”, by charter dated Jul 1216[481]. “Guido de Monteregali et Andreas frater eius” swore allegiance to Blanche Ctss de Champagne by charter dated Jul 1219[482]. Seigneur de Beauvoir[-sur-Serain]. He must have died childless as the charter dated 1221, under which “Alaydis ducissa Burgundie” acknowledged that “Ansericus dominus Montisregalis” owed hommage to “ducatus Burgundie” for “domum de Bello Visu...quo modo frater suus Guido, eam tenebat”[483], indicates that his seigneurie reverted to his brother. m ADELAIDE, daughter of ---. “Guido de Monteregali, frater Anserici domini Montisregalis” sold property “in villa Chableiarum” to the chapter of Tours, with the consent of “uxor mea Alaidis et dominus Andreas [error for Ansericus?] frater meus”, by charter dated Jul 1216[484].

v) ANDRE de Montréal (-after Mar 1240). “Ansericus dominus Montisregalis” confirmed the donation made to Montréal church by “Andreas frater meus” by charter dated 1207[485]. “Guido de Monteregali, frater Anserici domini Montisregalis” sold property “in villa Chableiarum” to the chapter of Tours, with the consent of “uxor mea Alaidis et dominus Andreas frater meus”, by charter dated Jul 1216[486]. “Guido de Monteregali et Andreas frater eius” swore allegiance to Blanche Ctss de Champagne by charter dated Jul 1219[487]. “Nicholeta domina de Maigny...et Petrus quondam vir meus Raveriarum dominus” founded a chapel at Cones, with the consent of “dominus Andreas de Monteregali et Robertus dominus Tanlay generi nostri et etiam filie mee...domina Gilla uxor predicti Andree et Margarita uxor predicti Roberti”, by charter dated Jun 1232[488]. Seigneur de Marmeaux. “Andreas de Monteregali dominus de Marmeaus” swore hommage to “domino Milone de Noeriis” for property “in villa...de Nuys...excepta parte domini Roberti de Tanlay”, with the consent of “Gila uxor prenominati Andree” by charter dated Mar 1240[489]. m GILLETTE de Ravières, daughter of PIERRE Seigneur de Ravières & his wife Nicoleta de Maigny. “Nicholeta domina de Maigny...et Petrus quondam vir meus Raveriarum dominus” founded a chapel at Cones, with the consent of “dominus Andreas de Monteregali et Robertus dominus Tanlay generi nostri et etiam filie mee...domina Gilla uxor predicti Andree et Margarita uxor predicti Roberti”, by charter dated Jun 1232[490]. “Egidia domina Raveriensis” donated harvest to the monks of Val-des-Choux, with the consent of “domini Andree de Monteregali mariti nostri”, by charter dated Dec 1232[491]. “Andreas de Monteregali dominus de Marmeaus” swore hommage to “domino Milone de Noeriis” for property “in villa...de Nuys...excepta parte domini Roberti de Tanlay”, with the consent of “Gila uxor prenominati Andree” by charter dated Mar 1240[492]. André & his wife had one child:

(a) JEAN de Marmeaux . “Jehanz de Marmeaus sires de Ravières chevaliers et...Aalyz sa femme” sold property “qui furent monseignor Huon de Thar, cai en arriers seingnor de Meigne-suis-Tyle” to Hugues Duke of Burgundy by charter dated Aug 1270[493]. m ALIX, daughter of ---. “Jehanz de Marmeaus sires de Ravières chevaliers et...Aalyz sa femme” sold property “qui furent monseignor Huon de Thar, cai en arriers seingnor de Meigne-suis-Tyle” to Hugues Duke of Burgundy by charter dated Aug 1270[494].

vi) HUGUES de Montréal (-15 Mar 1232, bur Clairvaux). The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines records that "Hugo…filius Anserici de Monteregali" was made bishop of Langres, dated to 1219 from the context[495]. Bishop of Langres 1219. The necrology of Notre-Dame de Montréal records the death "15 Mar" of "Hugo de Monte Regali, Lingonensis episcopus"[496].

vii) ELISABETH de Montréal (-after Sep 1221). Dame de Meursault. “Elisabeth domina de Muresaut” donated property “in villa mea de Muresaut...vineam meam...juxta vineam de Thar” to Cîteaux abbey, for the soul of “fratris mei Guidonis”, by charter dated Sep 1221[497]. m ROBERT de Grancey, son of ---.

b) JEAN de Montréal (-Acre 7 Jul 1189). "Ansericus de Monteregali…Ansericus filius eius…Johannes minor frater eiusdem et eorum mater Aalidis, Heluis filia eius" attested the donation to Reigny by "Ivo de Avalone" by charter dated 1164[498]. “Ansericus dominus Montisregalis” recorded an agreement with Reigny abbey, with the consent of “Aalaydis uxor mea et Ansericus et Johannes filii mei et Sibilla predicti Anserici filii mei uxor”, by charter dated 1170[499]. "Ansericus de Monteregali" donated property to the church of Notre-Dame de Montréal, for the soul of "Alaydis uxoris meæ" and with the consent of "Ansericus et Johannes filii mei et Sybilla predicti Anserici uxor", by charter dated 1170[500]. Seigneur d´Arcis-sur-Aube. "Ansericus dominus Montis Regalis", leaving for Jerusalem, donated property to the priory of Saint-Bernard de Montréal by charter dated 1189, witnessed by "dominus Joannes de Arceis frater meus…"[501].

- SEIGNEURS d´ARCIS-sur-AUBE.

c) [GUILLAUME de Montréal (-30 Dec ----). The necrology of Notre-Dame de Montréal records the death "30 Dec" of "Willelmus filius domini Anserici"[502]. The identity of Guillaume´s father, among the different seigneurs de Montréal who are named Anséric, is uncertain.]

d) GUY (-13 Sep 1199). Seigneur de Beauvoir[-sur-Serain]. “Guido dominus de Bellovisu” donated harvest to Sainte-Catherine, with the consent of “Ansericus Montisregalis ad petitionem dicti Guidonis fratris nostri”, by charter dated 1179[503]. The necrology of Notre-Dame de Montréal records the death "13 Sep 1199" of "Guido de Bellovisu frater domini Anserici, domini de Monte Regali"[504]. He must have died childless as the charter dated 1221, under which “Alaydis ducissa Burgundie” acknowledged that “Ansericus dominus Montisregalis” owed hommage to “ducatus Burgundie” for “domum de Bello Visu...quo modo frater suus Guido, eam tenebat”[505], indicates that his seigneurie reverted to the main Montréal line.

e) HELVIDE de Montréal . "Ansericus de Monteregali…Ansericus filius eius…Johannes minor frater eiusdem et eorum mater Aalidis, Heluis filia eius" attested the donation to Reigny by "Ivo de Avalone" by charter dated 1164[506].

2. [ANDRE de Montréal (-18 Sep ----). The necrology of Notre-Dame de Montréal records the death "18 Sep" of "Andreas filius domini Hugonis de Monte Regali"[507]. If André was the son of Hugues Seigneur de Montréal, he presumably died before 1129, the date of the charter in which he is not named with his supposed brother Anseric (see above).]

ANSERIC [III] de Montréal, son of ANSERIC [II] Seigneur de Montréal & his wife Sibylle de Bourgogne (-[Aug 1228/Jan 1236]). "Ansericus dominus Montis Regalis" confirmed the donations to Molesme by "pater meus Ansericus de Montemirabili", with the consent of "uxor mea Sibilla et filii mei Ansericus, Johannes, Milo", by charter dated 1183[508]. "Ansericus de Monte-Regali" donated property to the abbey of Pontigny with the support of "Sybilla uxor mea et Ansericus et Johannes filii mei" by charter dated 1186[509]. Seigneur de Montréal. "Ansericus dominus Montis-regalis…" witnessed the charter dated 5 Aug 1195 under which Mathilde Ctss de Nevers founded an anniversary at Reigny[510]. "Ansericus dominus Montisregalis et Sibilla mater mea…Johannes frater meus" donated property to the abbey of Reigny by charter dated 1197[511]. “Ansericus Montisregalis dominus” confirmed the donation made to Grammont by “bone memorie Ansericus pater meus quondam Montisregalis dominus” by charter dated Aug 1217[512]. “Ansericus dominus Montisregalis” agreed to protect the commune of Dijon against “Alaydis ducissa Burgundie soror et domina mea vel Hugo filius eius nepos et dominus meus” by charter dated 1221[513]. “Alaydis ducissa Burgundie” acknowledged that “Ansericus dominus Montisregalis” owed hommage to “ducatus Burgundie” for “domum de Bello Visu...quo modo frater suus Guido, eam tenebat” by charter dated 1221[514]. “Ansericus Montisregali dominus” reached agreement with the chapter of Montréal over “censibus de castellaria Montisregalis”, with the consent of “Agnetis uxoris mee et Anserici et aliorum filiorum meorum”, by charter dated 7 Jun 1223[515]. “Ansericus dominus Montisregalis” reached agreement with Reigny abbey concerning “nemus de Herviaul...pratum de Trambleyo” by charter dated Apr 1226[516]. “Ansericus dominus Montisregalis” disenfranchised the commune of Montréal, sealed by “avunculi mei Hugonis episcopi Lingonensis”, by charter dated Aug 1228[517]. It should be noted that Chastellux inserts an additional generation into the Montréal family, assuming that all sources quoted above, dated after 1221, refer to a son of Anséric [III] whom he says married Agnes de Thil, shown below as the second wife of Anséric [III][518]. However, the person named below as Anséric [IV] names “bone memorie Anserici quondam domini Montisregalis avi mei” (and his wife Sibylle, so identified as Anséric [II]) when confirming the latter´s donation to Reigny by charter dated Apr 1236[519]. The reconstruction of the family shown in the present document is consistent with Du Chesne´s interpretation[520].

m firstly --- de Vergy, daughter of HUGUES Seigneur de Vergy & his wife Gisle de Trainel. Her parentage and marriage are indicated by the charter dated 1221 under which [her husband] “Ansericus dominus Montisregalis” agreed to protect the commune of Dijon against “Alaydis ducissa Burgundie soror et domina mea vel Hugo filius eius nepos et dominus meus”[521]. The chronology of the Vergy family suggests that Anséric [III] must have been the husband of this person.

m secondly (before 7 Jun 1223) AGNES de Thil, daughter of GUY Seigneur de Thil & his wife Luce --- (-after Aug 1238). “Ansericus Montisregali dominus” reached agreement with the chapter of Montréal over “censibus de castellaria Montisregalis”, with the consent of “Agnetis uxoris mee et Anserici et aliorum filiorum meorum”, by charter dated 7 Jun 1223[522]. “Agnes domina de Insula, relicta bone memorie...Anserici quondam Montisregalis” donated property to Pontigny, where she chose to be buried, for the souls of “viri mei Anserici quondam domini Montisregalis...et...patris mei Guidonis quondam domini Tilii et domine Luce...matris mee”, by charter dated Jul 1235[523]. “Agnes domina de Insula...filium meum Ansericum Montisregalis dominum” swore allegiance to Teobaldo King of Navarre, Comte de Champagne by charter dated Jan 1235 (O.S.)[524]. “Ansericus dominus Montis-Regalis” appointed an inquiry into disputes with “matrem meam Agnetam dominam de Insula” by charter dated Aug 1238[525].

Anseric [III] & his [first/second] wife had two children:

1. ANSERIC [IV] de Montréal ([1210]-after 1242). “Ansericus Montisregali dominus” reached agreement with the chapter of Montréal over “censibus de castellaria Montisregalis”, with the consent of “Agnetis uxoris mee et Anserici et aliorum filiorum meorum”, by charter dated 7 Jun 1223[526]. Seigneur de Montréal. “Agnes domina de Insula...filium meum Ansericum Montisregalis dominum” swore allegiance to Teobaldo King of Navarre, Comte de Champagne by charter dated Jan 1235 (O.S.)[527]. “Ansericus dominus Montisregalis” confirmed donations to Notre-Dame de Vausse made by “pater meus Ansericus dominus Montisregalis” by charter dated 1235 (O.S.)[528]. “Ansericus dominus Montis-Regalis” acquired various fiefs from Thibaut King of Navarre, Comte de Champagne by charter dated Apr 1236[529]. “Ansericus dominus Montisregalis” confirmed the charter, made by “bone memorie Anserici quondam domini Montisregalis avi mei” in favour of Reigny with the consent of “Sibylla uxor mea”, with the consent of “uxor mea Maria dicta comitissa Grandisprati domina Montisregalis” by charter dated Apr 1236[530]. “Ansericus dominus Montis-Regalis” appointed an inquiry into disputes with “matrem meam Agnetam dominam de Insula” by charter dated Aug 1238[531]. “Ansericus dominus Montisregalis” donated harvest from “de Avalone in terciis meis de Sauvigniaco” to the Knights Hospitallers at Pontaubert, for love of “fratris mei...fratris Segiuini dicte domus hospitalis”, by charter dated Jun 1242[532]. m ([1232/35]) as her third husband, MARIE de Garlande, widow firstly of HENRI [IV] Comte de Grandpré, and divorced wife secondly of GEOFFROY de Joinville Seigneur de Montclair, daughter of GUILLAUME [V] de Garlande Seigneur de Livry & his wife Adela de Châtillon-sur-Marne (-after 1259). Her parentage is confirmed by the charter dated 1217 under which “Johannes comes Bellimontis” agreed the succession of “domino Guillelmo de Gallandia” with “Henricus comes Grandiprati…et Guidonem buticularium”, which states that he had married the deceased´s oldest daughter and the other two his second and third daughters respectively[533]. "Simon seigneur de Joinville, sénéchal de Champagne" declared that Thibaut IV Comte de Champagne guaranteed the dowry granted by "ledit Simon et par Geoffroy son fils" for "Marie comtesse de Grandpré, épouse de Geoffroy", by charter dated Aug 1230[534]. “Ansericus dominus Montisregalis” confirmed the charter, made by “bone memorie Anserici quondam domini Montisregalis avi mei” in favour of Reigny with the consent of “Sibylla uxor mea”, with the consent of “uxor mea Maria dicta comitissa Grandisprati domina Montisregalis” by charter dated Apr 1236[535]. Anséric [IV] & his wife had three children:

a) ANSERIC [V] de Montréal (-[1269]). Louis IX King of France ordered Hugues IV Duke of Burgundy to confiscate “dominus Montis-regalis...hereditatis et terre sue” by charter dated late Dec 1254[536]. A document of the Paris parliament dated 1255 records the excessive behaviour “du sire de Montréal” against priests and other ecclesiastical office-holders, including having one priest eating by flies (“quemdam presbiterum muscis comedi fecerat”), that King Louis IX intended to implement swift retribution (“apporter un prompt remède”) but that “l´évêque d´Auxerre et le châtelain de Troyon, dont le sire de Montréal avait épousé la nièce” requested delay to enable them to make representations fearing that “leurs neveux ne fussent déshérités pour le fait de leur père”[537]. King Louis IX confirmed his order to Hugues IV Duke of Burgundy by charter dated May 1255[538]. “Anseriz sires de Monreaul” acknowledged that he had yielded “mun chastel de Monreaul” to Hugues IV Duke of Burgundy by charter dated Sep 1255, and by another charter also dated Sep 1255 that the duke had lent him “Chastelgirart”[539]. Hugues IV Duke of Burgundy undertook to repair the damage caused to the church of Montréal caused by “dominum Ansericum, quondam dominum Montis-Regali” by charter dated 1256[540]. m (before 1255) ---, niece of Guy de Mello Bishop of Auxerre, daughter of ---. Her family origin and marriage are indicated by a document of the Paris parliament dated 1255 which records the excessive behaviour “du sire de Montréal” against priests and other ecclesiastical office-holders, including having one priest eating by flies (“quemdam presbiterum muscis comedi fecerat”), that King Louis IX intended to implement swift retribution (“apporter un prompt remède”) but that “l´évêque d´Auxerre et le châtelain de Troyon, dont le sire de Montréal avait épousé la nièce” [the bishop of Auxerre in 1255 was Guy de Mello] requested delay to enable them to make representations fearing that “leurs neveux ne fussent déshérités pour le fait de leur père”[541]. Her precise parentage has not been established.

b) ADELAIDE de Montréal (-before 1257). The primary source which confirms her parentage and marriage has not yet been identified. m (Papal dispensation 1245) as his first wife, DREUX de Mello Seigneur de Saint-Bris, son of DREUX [II] de Mello & his wife Elvis d´Espoisses (-1310).

c) JEAN de Montréal (-before Nov 1292). It is not certain that Jean was born from his father´s second marriage, but the chronology of his life makes this appear likely. The bishop of Langres approved an agreement between Hugues IV Duke of Burgundy and “messire Jean de Montreal chevalier” under which the latter transferred his rights in the castles and lands of “Montreal et Chastelgirard” in return for “la Mote de Athées...et...la terre de Montréal hors la ville”, with the consent of “dame Marguerite sa femme, Guiot leur fils, Ieannette, Agnelez et Beatrix leurs filles”, by charter dated 9 Oct 1269[542]. An arrêt of Parliament dated 1 Nov 1292 ordered compensation to “Odo Bezors miles dominus de Villa-Arnulphi...et Agnete eius uxore” for transferring their part of “castro et castellaniæ Iusulæ subtus Montem-Regalem” which they had received under the succession of “defuncti Iohannis de Monteregali militis quondam patris dictæ Agnetis”, which he had inherited from “defuncto Anserico quondam domino Montisregalis”, to “Beatrice ducissa relicta Hugonis ducis Burgundiæ”, while providing for “Guido de Monteregali armiger filius Ioannis de Monteregali quondam militis...et...Beatrice relicta Iacobi domini de Rocha de Breine, sorore dicti Guidonis”[543]. m MARGUERITE, daughter of ---. The bishop of Langres approved an agreement between Hugues IV Duke of Burgundy and “messire Jean de Montreal chevalier” under which the latter transferred his rights in the castles and lands of “Montreal et Chastelgirard” in return for “la Mote de Athées...et...la terre de Montréal hors la ville”, with the consent of “dame Marguerite sa femme, Guiot leur fils, Ieannette, Agnelez et Beatrix leurs filles”, by charter dated 9 Oct 1269[544]. Jean & his wife had four children:

i) GUY de Montréal (-after May 1293). The bishop of Langres approved an agreement between Hugues IV Duke of Burgundy and “messire Jean de Montreal chevalier” under which the latter transferred his rights in the castles and lands of “Montreal et Chastelgirard” in return for “la Mote de Athées...et...la terre de Montréal hors la ville”, with the consent of “dame Marguerite sa femme, Guiot leur fils, Ieannette, Agnelez et Beatrix leurs filles”, by charter dated 9 Oct 1269[545]. An arrêt of Parliament dated 1 Nov 1292 ordered compensation to “Odo Bezors miles dominus de Villa-Arnulphi...et Agnete eius uxore” for transferring their part of “castro et castellaniæ Iusulæ subtus Montem-Regalem” which they had received under the succession of “defuncti Iohannis de Monteregali militis quondam patris dictæ Agnetis”, which he had inherited from “defuncto Anserico quondam domino Montisregalis”, to “Beatrice ducissa relicta Hugonis ducis Burgundiæ”, while providing for “Guido de Monteregali armiger filius Ioannis de Monteregali quondam militis...et...Beatrice relicta Iacobi domini de Rocha de Breine, sorore dicti Guidonis”[546]. “Guiot de Montreal escuyer” renounced his claims over “la chastellenie de l´île soubs Montreal” derived from “le decés de Jean de Montreal son pere et de Anseric seigneur de Montreal son oncle” in favour of “Beatrix veuve de Hugues Duc de Bourgongne” by charter dated May 1293[547].

ii) JEANNE de Montréal (-after May 1293). The bishop of Langres approved an agreement between Hugues IV Duke of Burgundy and “messire Jean de Montreal chevalier” under which the latter transferred his rights in the castles and lands of “Montreal et Chastelgirard” in return for “la Mote de Athées...et...la terre de Montréal hors la ville”, with the consent of “dame Marguerite sa femme, Guiot leur fils, Ieannette, Agnelez et Beatrix leurs filles”, by charter dated 9 Oct 1269[548]. “Luques de Montreal, femme de Gaucher seigneur de Saint Florentin chevalier, seur de Guiot de Montreal” renounced her claims over “la chastellenie de l´île soubs Montreal” derived from “le decés de Jean de Montreal son pere et de Anseric seigneur de Montreal son oncle” in favour of “Beatrix veuve de Hugues Duc de Bourgongne” by charter dated May 1293[549].

iii) AGNES de Montréal (-after Jun 1293). The bishop of Langres approved an agreement between Hugues IV Duke of Burgundy and “messire Jean de Montreal chevalier” under which the latter transferred his rights in the castles and lands of “Montreal et Chastelgirard” in return for “la Mote de Athées...et...la terre de Montréal hors la ville”, with the consent of “dame Marguerite sa femme, Guiot leur fils, Ieannette, Agnelez et Beatrix leurs filles”, by charter dated 9 Oct 1269[550]. An arrêt of Parliament dated 1 Nov 1292 ordered compensation to “Odo Bezors miles dominus de Villa-Arnulphi...et Agnete eius uxore” for transferring their part of “castro et castellaniæ Iusulæ subtus Montem-Regalem” which they had received under the succession of “defuncti Iohannis de Monteregali militis quondam patris dictæ Agnetis”, which he had inherited from “defuncto Anserico quondam domino Montisregalis”, to “Beatrice ducissa relicta Hugonis ducis Burgundiæ”, while providing for “Guido de Monteregali armiger filius Ioannis de Monteregali quondam militis...et...Beatrice relicta Iacobi domini de Rocha de Breine, sorore dicti Guidonis”[551]. “Agnes de Montreal, femme de Eudes Bazort seigneur de Ville-Ernoul, seur de ladite Luques” renounced her claims over “la chastellenie de l´île soubs Montreal” derived from “le decés de Jean de Montreal son pere et de Anseric seigneur de Montreal son oncle” in favour of “Beatrix veuve de Hugues Duc de Bourgongne” by charter dated Jun 1293[552]. m EUDES Bazort Seigneur de Ville-Ernoul, son of --- (-after 1 Nov 1292).

iv) BEATRIX de Montréal (-after Jun 1293). The bishop of Langres approved an agreement between Hugues IV Duke of Burgundy and “messire Jean de Montreal chevalier” under which the latter transferred his rights in the castles and lands of “Montreal et Chastelgirard” in return for “la Mote de Athées...et...la terre de Montréal hors la ville”, with the consent of “dame Marguerite sa femme, Guiot leur fils, Ieannette, Agnelez et Beatrix leurs filles”, by charter dated 9 Oct 1269[553]. An arrêt of Parliament dated 1 Nov 1292 ordered compensation to “Odo Bezors miles dominus de Villa-Arnulphi...et Agnete eius uxore” for transferring their part of “castro et castellaniæ Iusulæ subtus Montem-Regalem” which they had received under the succession of “defuncti Iohannis de Monteregali militis quondam patris dictæ Agnetis”, which he had inherited from “defuncto Anserico quondam domino Montisregalis”, to “Beatrice ducissa relicta Hugonis ducis Burgundiæ”, while providing for “Guido de Monteregali armiger filius Ioannis de Monteregali quondam militis...et...Beatrice relicta Iacobi domini de Rocha de Breine, sorore dicti Guidonis”[554]. “Beatrix de Montreal, seur de Guiot de Montreal escuyer” renounced her claims over “la chastellenie de l´île soubs Montreal” derived from “le decés de Jean de Montreal son pere et de Anseric seigneur de Montreal son oncle” in favour of “Beatrix veuve de Hugues Duc de Bourgongne” by charter dated Jun 1293[555]. m JACQUES Seigneur de Roche de Breine, son of --- (-before Nov 1292).

2. SEGUIN (-after Jun 1242). “Ansericus dominus Montisregalis” donated harvest from “de Avalone in terciis meis de Sauvigniaco” to the Knights Hospitallers at Pontaubert, for love of “fratris mei...fratris Segiuini dicte domus hospitalis”, by charter dated Jun 1242[556]. Knight Hospitaller at Pontaubert.

Anseric [III] & his second wife had two children:

3. JEAN de Montréal (-after 1243). Seigneur de Beauvoir. A charter dated 1243 records an agreement between Moutier-Saint-Jean and “Johannem domicellum dominum de Bellovisu”[557].

- SEIGNEURS de BEAUVOIR et de CHASTELLUX.

4. GUY de Montréal (-20 Jan, after Dec 1252). His parentage is confirmed by a manuscript which commemorates the death “X Kal Mar” of “patris et matris Guidonis de Monteregali thesaurarii Lingonensis, videlicet Anserici domini Montis regalis et Agnetis uxoris sue”[558]. Thesaurarius of Langres. “Deodatus Cecus, Judeus Dyvionensis” sold property to “domino Guidoni de Monteregali thesaurario Lingonensi” by charter dated Dec 1252[559]. A necrology records the death “XIII Kal Feb” of “Guido de Monteregali thesaurarius Lingonensis” and his donation[560].

Chapter 5. COMTES de CHALON

The history of the county of Chalon was checkered and violent. There are also many gaps and uncertainties in the information provided by the surviving primary sources. The earliest record of the county of Chalon identified in the primary sources so far consulted is the appointment of Ekkehard (of the Carolingian family of Nibelung/Childebrand) as comte de Chalon in 863. He was also appointed comte d'Autun and comte de Mâcon in 873, which suggests that he played an important role in the whole of the future duchy of Burgundy. It is assumed that he continued to hold these counties until his death in [876/77], although it is not clear who succeeded him. The dispute over control of Burgundy involving Boson, future King [of Provence], must have started shortly after Ekkehard died. King Boson's brother Richard was installed as comte d'Autun and comte d'Auxerre, and it is possible that he also assumed control over Chalon and Mâcon.

The next recorded comte de Chalon is Lambert, son of Robert Vicomte de Dijon, who was probably invested with the county some time in the 950s. No record has yet been found to indicate who appointed him as count. As mentioned below, it is likely that Lambert was related to the family of the early comtes de Mâcon but the precise relationship is not known. His descendants continued to govern the county until the death of Comte Hugues [I] in 1039, when Chalon was inherited by the deceased count's nephew Thibaut de Semur (see Part B of the present chapter). The county was divided after the death in 1079 of Hugues [II] Comte de Chalon, son of Thibaut. Part of the county passed to Geoffroy de Donzy, although how he derived his right, whether by purchase or inheritance is not known (Part C). Geoffroy sold his share to his relative Savaric de Vergy, who in turn sold it to the bishop of Chalon, probably in the second decade of the 12th century. The other part of the county was inherited in 1079 by Guy de Thiern, son of one of the sisters of the deceased Comte Hugues [II] (Part D). It afterwards passed to Comte Guillaume [I], presumably Guy´s son although this is not confirmed by any primary source. It appears that the Thiern part of the county passed to another two counts named Guillaume, although whether there were in fact two or three comtes Guillaume is open to debate.

Chalon was inherited by a junior branch of the family of the comtes palatins de Bourgogne in 1227. In 1237, Comte Jean "l'Antique/le Sage" exchanged Chalon-sur-Saône and Auxonne with his relative Hugues IV Duke of Burgundy for Salins (including its salt mines, which meant that the deal was economically more favourable for Jean de Chalon), Bracon, Vuillefans and other seigneuries in upper Burgundy.

A. COMTES de CHALON

1. EKKEHARD [Ecchard], son of CHILDEBRAND [III] & his wife Dunna --- ([810/15]-8 Apr [876/77], bur monastère de Fleury-sur-Loire, Nièvre). "Hludovvicus…imperator augustus" granted land at Perrecy in Autun to "fideli nostro Ecchardo" by charter dated 29 Dec 839[561]. The Annales Bertiniani record that "filii Etkardi comitis duo, item Eokardus, Guntardus et Richuinus comites" were captured at the siege of Toulouse in 844[562], Settipani suggesting that "item Eokardus" refers to Ekkehard son of Childebrand [III] and his wife Dunna[563]. Ekkehard was one of the rebels against King Charles "le Chauve" in 858. Invested as Comte de Chalon in 863, Comte d'Autun et Comte de Mâcon in 873. A charter dated to [866/75] relates to a dispute between "Vulfaldum episcopum et Heccardum comitem" concerning land at Perrecy, heard before "Leudo episcopus et Adelardus comes missi dominici in comitatu Augustidunense", refers to a charter "de temporibus domni Pipini regis sive de nomen Nivelongi"[564].

ROBERT, son of --- (-after 952). same person as…? ROBERT (-[958/60]). Bouchard suggests that Robert was the same person as the witness of the charter of Rodolfe Comte de Dijon dated Jun 952[565]. Vicomte d'Autun. Vicomte de Dijon. 940. "Rotbertus…vicecomes et coniunx mea Ingeltrudis" donated property to Saint-Benoît-sur-Loire for the soul of "Ramgardis" by charter dated Dec 958 subscribed by "Lanberti filii eorum, Wichardi, Ugonis, Letaldi, Waloni"[566].

m INGELTRUDE, daughter of ---. 940. "Rotbertus…vicecomes et coniunx mea Ingeltrudis" donated property to Saint-Benoît-sur-Loire by charter dated Dec 958 subscribed by "Lanberti filii eorum, Wichardi, Ugonis, Letaldi, Waloni"[567]. The origin of Ingeltrud is unknown. Jackman[568] suggests, for onomastic reasons only, that she may have been Ingeltrud, daughter of Eberhard Graf im Oberlahngau, Pfalzgraf [Konradiner] & his wife ---. However, this appears unlikely from a geographical perspective. In addition, no strikingly typical Konradiner names feature among this couple's descendants. Settipani suggests that Ingeltrud may have been the daughter of Eberhard's younger brother Otto[569]. It is more likely that she was related to the comtes de Mâcon, which would explain why Letald Comte de Mâcon names her son as "Lanbertus consanguineus meus" in his charter dated 944[570].

Robert & his wife had [three] children:

1. LAMBERT (-22 Feb 979). "Lanbertus consanguineus meus" was named by Letald Comte de Mâcon in a charter dated 944[571], although any relationship between the early comtes de Chalon and the comtes de Mâcon has not been established unless it was through Lambert´s mother as suggested above. "Lanberti filii eorum…" subscribed the charter dated Dec 958 under which "Rotbertus…vicecomes et coniunx mea Ingeltrudis" donated property to Saint-Benoît-sur-Loire[572]. Comte [de Chalon]. "Lanbertus comes [et]…Adeleydis uxor mea" made a joint donation of "capellam beati Martini in villa Vigoseto" to Cluny by charter dated 978[573]. [m firstly ---. There is no evidence that Comte Lambert had a first wife before he married Adelais. However, if Gerberge was Lambert's daughter (which is far from certain, as explained below), it is extremely unlikely from a chronological point of view that her mother could have been Adelais.] m [secondly] as her first husband, ADELAIS, daughter of --- (-after 18 Oct 984). "Lanbertus comes [et]…Adeleydis uxor mea" made a joint donation of "capellam beati Martini in villa Vigoseto" to Cluny by charter dated 978[574]. If Adelais was the mother of all of Comte Lambert's children, she could not have been born later than [930/32]. This is early for her also to have given birth to her son by her second marriage after 978. The date would of course be later if Adelais was Comte Lambert's second wife, as suggested above. The origin of Adelais has been the subject of much speculation. Settipani has suggested[575] that she was the daughter of Hugues Comte en Bourgogne and his wife Willa von Thurgau. Chaume suggested that Adelais was the daughter or granddaughter of Charles Constantin Comte de Vienne[576]. Bouchard sets out several different theories concerning Adelais's origin, with the aim mainly of explaining Lambert's accession to Chalon by inheritance through his wife. However, none appears to be based on any primary documentation and Bouchard concludes that she prefers "to leave Adelais's origins unknown"[577]. An earlier theory was that Adelais was the sister of "Wera" Ctss de Meaux[578], which would mean that she was Adelais, daughter of Giselbert Duke of Burgundy & his wife Ermengarde [of Burgundy]. Duchesne suggested that she was the daughter of Robert Comte de Meaux et de Troyes[579], although this would mean that the two wives of Geoffroy I Comte d'Anjou were sisters, no mention of which has so far been found in contemporary sources. Another suggestion is that Adelais Ctss de Chalon was the same person as Wera-Adelais Ctss de Meaux. However, this is even more unlikely from a chronological perspective considering the estimated birth date of Wera-Adelais and the fact that Adelais de Chalon gave birth to at least one child by her second husband, Geoffroy Comte d'Anjou, after her marriage in 979. It would also mean that Comte Geoffroy married, as his second wife, his first wife's mother which is unlikely to have been accepted by the church. In 1619, Duchesne[580] suggested that Adelais was the sister of Guillaume I Comte d'Arles. Adelais married secondly (2 or 9 Mar 979) as his second wife, Geoffroi I "Grisegonelle" Comte d'Anjou, who acted as Comte de Chalon until his death in 987. Comte Lambert & his [first] wife had [one possible child]:

a) [GERBERGE ([945]-11 Dec [987/991]). Her name and her two marriages are confirmed by the Chronicle of Saint-Bénigne, interpolated into the Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines, which names "Guilelmum Ottonem et eius matrem Gerbergam" when recording that her son was adopted by his mother's second husband "dux Burgundie Henricus"[581]. Her birth date is estimated from the estimated birth date of her son in [960/62]. Her origin is indicated by the Vita of Hugues Comte de Chalon which refers to his (unnamed) sister as having married the duke of Burgundy[582]. Chronologically, this refers most probably to Duke Henri who died in 1002, although the original of this document has not yet been consulted to check whether the wording supports this conclusion. Gerberge's origin has not yet been corroborated in the other primary sources so far consulted. The Vita appears to indicate that Lambert Comte de Chalon was her father, but this raises several problems if it is correct. Firstly, on the death without direct heirs in 1039 of her supposed brother Hugues Comte de Chalon, the county was inherited by the comparatively obscure children of his younger sister Mathilde, apparently ignoring the superior claims of Gerberge's own numerous descendants, among whom were the powerful counts palatine of Burgundy who, one would have thought, would not have missed the opportunity of acquiring another county. Rodulfus Glaber does record that "Hugo filius Lanberti Cabilonensis comitis…episcopus Autissioderi" was an opponent of "Willemus, Henrici ducis priuignus, Adalberti Longobardorum ducis filius"[583], which could explain why Bishop Hugues favoured a nephew by his younger sister to succeed to his county. Nevertheless, after the bishop's death, his past opposition to Comte Otto-Guillaume may have provided an excuse for his son to intervene in the Chalon succession if he had a legitimate claim. Secondly, considering the likely birth date of her son, Gerberge's first marriage must have taken place while her husband and father-in-law were still reigning kings of Italy. They were under continuous pressure from Otto I King of Germany and it is likely that Adalberto's marriage could have brought additional political support. It is not clear how the relatively obscure count of Chalon could have provided this. Thirdly, after the death in 978 of Lambert Comte de Chalon, and his widow's second marriage to Geoffroy I Comte d'Anjou, no record has been found in the primary sources so far consulted of Henri Duke of Burgundy intervening to prevent Comte Geoffroy taking control of the county of Chalon, which would have been the likely course of action if his wife was the deceased count's oldest child. Fourthly, Gerberge's estimated birth date creates serious chronological problems (as explained further above) if she was the daughter of Lambert's only known wife Adelais. In conclusion, considerable doubt therefore appears to subsist concerning this origin of Gerberge, although no alternative can so far be proposed if we are to respect the wording of the Vita. The necrology of Auxerre cathedral records the death 11 Dec of "Gerberga comitissa uxor Henrici ducis"[584]. m firstly (before [960/62]) ADALBERTO II King of Italy, son of BERENGARIO II King of Italy [Ivrea] & his wife Willa of Burgundy ([932/936]-Autun [972/975]). m secondly ([973]) [as his first wife,] HENRI Duke of Burgundy, son of HUGUES "le Grand" Duc des Francs & his third wife Hedwig of Germany ([948]-Château de Pouilly-sur-Saône 15 Oct 1002). He adopted his wife's son by her first marriage, Otto-Guillaume later Comte de Bourgogne et de Macon.]

Comte Lambert & his [second] wife had [three] children:

b) HUGUES de Chalon (-1039). "Hugo filius Lanberti comitis" jointly donated land in "pago Cabilonensi" with "Gausfredus comes [et]…Adeleidis uxor mea" by charter dated Mar 979, signing "Hugonis filii eius" directly after "Adeleidis"[585]. That Hugues is the son of Adelais is shown by the charter dated to [988] under which "Hugo comes" donated property to Cluny "pro absolutione patris Lantberti", also naming "mater mea Adelaydis et frater meus Mauricius"[586]. Rodulfus Glaber names "Hugo filius Lanberti Cabilonensis comitis" as his father's only son, specifying that he was "episcopus Autissioderi" and an opponent of "Willemus, Henrici ducis priuignus, Adalberti Longobardorum ducis filius"[587]. It is likely that Hugues was a minor at his father's death in light of his mother's rapid remarriage and his stepfather's assumption of the title Comte de Chalon in his place. He succeeded his stepfather in 987 as Comte de Chalon . Bishop of Auxerre 999. "Hugo episcopus Autisiodorensium" donated property "medietatem curtis…Givriacum in Divionensium site" to Cluny for the soul "patris mei Lanberti matrisque mee Adheleydis" by charter dated 1019, which refers to the prior donation by "soror mea Maheldis et sponsus eius Gauzfredus"[588].

c) MATHILDE de Chalon (-before 1019). "Domnus Hugo comes Cabilonensium" donated property "in pago Augustudunensi in villa Martiniacensi" to Paray-le-Monial by undated charter subscribed by "Ottonis nepotis eius, Teudbaldi nepotis eius, Maltidis sororis eius"[589]. "Gausfredus et uxor mea Mahaldis et filii mei Gausfredus, Herveus, Oddo, Tethbaldus, Lanbertus" donated property to Cluny by charter dated to [1015][590]. "Hugo episcopus Autisiodorensium" donated property to Cluny by charter dated 1019, which refers to the prior donation by "soror mea Maheldis et sponsus eius Gauzfredus"[591]. Her parentage and her marriage are confirmed by the charter of "Tetbaldus comes Cabilonensis" dated [1050] which names "Lamberti avi mei [et] Adheleydem comitissam aviam meam"[592]. It is unlikely that her marriage could have taken place much earlier than [990] considering the general chronology of the family, although this date is too inexact to include as her likely marriage date. Dame de Donzy. According to Bouchard, Mathilde is shown in the 12th century genealogy of the family as the first wife of Comte Geoffroy[593]. m as his second wife, GEOFFROY I Seigneur de Semur [en-Brionnais], son of JOCERAN de Semur & his wife Richoara ---.

d) [--- de Chalon (-before 1018). This possible origin of the mother of Othon [II] Comte de Mâcon is deduced from the undated charter under which "domnus Hugo comes Cabilonensium" donated property "in pago Augustudunensi in villa Martiniacensi" to Paray-le-Monial which is subscribed by "Ottonis nepotis eius, Teudbaldi nepotis eius, Maltidis sororis eius"[594]. The same relationship is stated in the charter dated 1018 under which "Vualterius Æduorum presul" donated property to the abbey of Flavigny subscribed by "Landricus comes, Otto comes nepos Hugonis episcopi, Tetbaldus comes nepos ipsius episcopi"[595], and in the charter dated 1020 under which "Wido clericus" donated property "in pago Cabillonense" to Cluny, subscribed by "Ugo comes et episcopus et nepos eius Otto comes…"[596]. One explanation is that "Otto comes" in these three charters was the same person as Othon-Guillaume Comte de Mâcon, and that he was nepos of Hugues Comte de Chalon because his mother Gerberge was Hugues's older half-sister. However, as shown above, the theory about Gerberge's Chalon origin is far from certain. Another possibility is therefore that the three charters refer to Othon [II] Comte de Mâcon, grandson of Othon-Guillaume, the identity of whose mother has been the subject of much speculation. If this second possibility is correct, this unnamed daughter presumably died before her sister Mathilde as she did not subscribe the 1018 charter. m (before 999) GUY [I] Comte de Mâcon, son of OTHON [I] Guillaume Comte de Mâcon & his first wife Ermengarde de Roucy ([982]-[1004], bur Saint-Bénigne).]

2. ROBERT . "Rodbertus vicecomes Cabilonensis frater domni Lamberti comitis" donated property to the abbey of Paray-le-Moniale by an undated charter[597]. Vicomte de Chalon. m ELISABETH, daughter of ---. "Robertus vicecomes Cabilonis civitate" donated property to Saint-Marcel-lès-Chalon by charter dated to [994/99], subscribed by "Hugonis comitis…ipsius Roberti uxoris eius Helisabeth"[598].

3. [RAOUL (-13 Nov ----) Vicomte de Dijon. The Chronicle of Saint-Bénigne de Dijon records the installation of "Rudolph Albus…antequam…vicecomes Divionensis" as prior of Bèze and his death "Id Nov"[599].]

B. COMTES de CHALON, family of SEIGNEURS de SEMUR

THIBAUT de Semur, son of GEOFFROY [I] Seigneur de Semur & his second wife Mathilde de Chalon dame de Donzy (-Tolosa [1065]). "Gausfredus et uxor mea Mahaldis et filii mei Gausfredus, Herveus, Oddo, Tethbaldus, Lanbertus" donated property to Cluny by charter dated to [1015][600]. His parentage is also deduced from the charter of "Gaufredus" dated [1054] which names "Tetbaldus comes avunculus ipsorum" (referring to Geoffroy and Dalmas, sons of Dalmas)[601]. “Tetbaldus comes Cabilonensium” donated property to Châlons Saint-Marcel by undated charter which records that “comes Gaufredus” married “aviam meam Adheleydam comitissam” after the death of “avii mei Lamberti” and names her son “avunculus meus domnus Hugo comes et episcopus”, and is subscribed by “Ermentrudis eius coniugis…”[602]. "Domnus Hugo comes Cabilonensium" donated property "in pago Augustudunensi in villa Martiniacensi" to Paray-le-Monial by undated charter subscribed by "Ottonis nepotis eius, Teudbaldi nepotis eius, Maltidis sororis eius"[603]. "Tedbaldi comitis nepotis eius" witnessed a charter dated 1035 immediately after "domni Hugonis comitis"[604]. He succeeded his maternal uncle in 1039 as Comte de Chalon.

m ERMENTRUDE, daughter of ---. "Ermentrudis eius coniugis" subscribed the charter of "Tetbaldus comes Cabilonensis" dated [1050][605]. Her origin is not known.

Comte Thibaut & his wife had three children:

1. HUGUES de Chalon (-in Spain [Nov/early Dec] 1079). "Hugo Cabillonensis comes" made a concession to Cluny for the soul of "Tetbaldi patris mei"[606]. He succeeded his father in [1065] as Comte de Chalon. He travelled to Spain in [1078/79] to fight the Moors, probably accompanying Hugues I Duke of Burgundy. The relatively precise range of his estimated date of death is provided firstly by the charter referred to above which was witnessed by "Oddo dux", who succeeded as duke of Burgundy after the abdication of his brother Hugues (which is dated to [Oct/Nov] 1079), and secondly by his widow subscribing a document with her second husband dated 25 Dec 1079 at Dueñas[607]. m (1065) as her first husband, CONSTANCE de Bourgogne, daughter of ROBERT I "le Vieux" Duke of Burgundy & his first wife Hélie de Semur ([1045]-[Jan/Feb] or [3 Apr/25 Oct] 1093, bur Sahagún, León, royal monastery of Santos Facundo y Primitivo). The Chronicon Trenorciensi records that "Constantiæ…filia Roberti Ducis" married firstly "Hugonis Cabilonensis Comitis" and secondly "Hispaniæ Rex Adefonsus"[608]. A charter dated 1087 of "Ducem Burgundiæ Oddonem" recalls a donation to Tournus abbey by "comitissa Cabillonensis filia Rotberti ducis", after the death of "mariti sui Hugonis comitis", adding that she subsequently became "Regina Galliciæ et Hispaniarum"[609]. She married secondly (late 1079 or 8 May 1081) as his third wife, Alfonso VI King of Castile and León. "Infanta donna Urraka Regis domni Adefonsi filia" names her mother "Constantie regina" in her donation to Cluny dated 22 Feb 1117 "Spanish Era"[610], although the date was presumably AD as 1117 Spanish Era was equivalent to 1079 AD. An early 12th century document at Fleury records that "filiam Roberti ducis Bugundionem…Constantiam" married Alfonso VI King of Castile and was mother of a daughter who married "Raymundo comiti"[611]. The Chronicon Regum Legionensium names "Queen Constance" as the second of the "five legitimate wives" of King Alfonso[612]. Her second marriage date is estimated based on the likely estimated death date of her first husband in [Nov/early Dec] 1079 and her subscribing a document dated 25 Dec 1079 at Dueñas with her second husband[613]. Queen Constance was instrumental in having the Roman rite replace the Visigothic rite in the churches of Castile. "Adefonsus…Hispaniarum rex…cum coniuge mea Constantia regina" donated property to the monastery of San Salvador de Oña by charter dated 1 May 1092[614]. The date of her death is fixed by her last known mention in a charter dated 25 Jul 1093 and a donation by King Alfonso to the monastery of Sahagún dated 25 Oct 1093, which does not include Queen Constanza's name in the subscription list[615]. Pérez´s history of Sahagún monastery, published in 1782, states that "Doña Berta…Reyna…está enterrada no lejos de Doña Constanza en la Capilla" of the monastery, but does not quote the inscription which confirms this statement[616].

2. ADELAIS de Chalon (-1080 or after). "Domna comitissa Adheleidis [Teudbaldi comitis filia" donated property to Paray-le-Monial with the consent of "domnus Wido de Tier filius eius, domnus Hugo Dalmatius, domnus Gaufredus Donzi" by undated charter[617]. m GUILLAUME de Thiern, son of --- (-after Nov 1083).

3. ERMENGARDE de Chalon . "Ermengardis" made a donation to Cluny dated Nov 1083, naming "Teudbaldus comes Cabilonensis" (although not specifying that she was his daughter), witnessed by "Humbertus de Borbon…viri mei" and "Humbertum filium nostrum puerulum monachum ad serviendum Deo in ipso loco"[618]. This is supplemented by the undated charter which records that "post mortem eius [comes domus Tetbaldus] filius eius domnus Hugo" agreed with "domnun Unbertum" to give "sororem Hermengardam in conjugium", before stating that "prædicta Hermengardis sentiens sibi mortem vicinam" wished to donate property to the abbey of Paray-le-Moniale, naming "filium Unbertum puerulum" whom she "obtulit Deo", which "[viri sui] domnus Unbertus" later donated by an undated charter[619]. Dame de Digoine. m HUMBERT [I] Sire de Bourbon-Lancy, son of ---.

C. COMTES de CHALON, family of SEIGNEURS de DONZY

The precise process by which Geoffroy de Donzy succeeded to part of the county of Chalon has not been ascertained. On the basis of current knowledge of the family of the previous comtes de Chalon, no hereditary right can be identified. As noted below, Geoffroy de Donzy sold his share of the county to his avunculus Savaric Seigneur de Vergy to fund his participation in the First Crusade. It is not known whether avunculus can be interpreted in its strict sense of maternal uncle or whether the family relationship between the two of them was more remote. Savaric in turn sold his share to the bishop of Chalon. On the other hand, a charter of La Ferté-sur-Grosne indicates that Savaric sold what was termed “Châtelet-Chalon” to Hugues II Duke of Burgundy in [1113]. The duke granted the territory to one of his younger sons Hugues (see the document BURGUNDY DUCHY DUKES).

1. GEOFFROY [II] de Donzy, son of HERVE de Donzy & his wife [--- de Vergy] (-4 Aug ----). He succeeded [in 1078] as Comte de Chalon, sharing the county with Guy de Thiern[620]. An undated charter records that "Gaufridus de Dunziaco" had sold "partem mediam comitatus Cabilonensis", which he held "cum Wydone de Tyhæra", to "domno Saverico…avunculo suo" on leaving for Jerusalem[621]. The necrology of Auxerre cathedral records the death 4 Aug of "Gaufridus comes Cabillon", specifying that he had become a monk "apud castrum suum Donziacum"[622].

- SEIGNEURS de DONZY.

2. SAVARIC, son of --- (-1120 or after). Seigneur de Vergy. Comte de Chalon. An undated charter records that "Gaufridus de Dunziaco" had sold "partem mediam comitatus Cabilonensis", which he held "cum Wydone de Tyhæra", to "domno Saverico…avunculo suo" on leaving for Jerusalem "cum Wydone de Tyhæra" and that "Saverico Cabilonensi comite…cum uxore sua" later sold the same to Gauthier Bishop of Chalon with the approval of "Simonem filium suum cum uxore sua…et Arvæum filium alterum"[623]. "Severicus de Verziaco dominus Cabilonensis comes et uxor eius Elisabeth, et Symon filius suus et filia Ayglentina [domina] de Puliaco" sold "villam…Franceis" [Francxault] to Dijon Saint-Etienne by undated charter[624]. A charter dated 1113 records the foundation of the abbey of La Ferté and names “comitibus Sauerico et Guilielmo”[625]. A charter of La Ferté-sur-Grosne, dated to after 1113, records that "Savarico comite" sold Châtelet-Chalon to Hugues Duke of Burgundy[626].

D. COMTES de CHALON, family of SEIGNEURS de THIERN

GUY de Thiern, son of GUILLAUME [II] Seigneur de Thiern & his wife Adelais de Chalon (-before 1113). "Domna comitissa Adheleidis [Teudbaldi comitis filia]" donated property to Paray-le-Monial with the consent of "domnus Wido de Tier filius eius, domnus Hugo Dalmatius, domnus Gaufredus Donzi" by undated charter[627]. He succeeded [his maternal uncle in 1078] as Comte de Chalon, but shared the county with Geoffroy de Donzy[628]. An undated charter records that "Gaufridus de Dunziaco" held "partem mediam comitatus Cabilonensis" together "cum Wydone de Tyhæra"[629].

m ---. The identity of Guy's wife is not known.

Guy & his wife had [two] children:

1. [GUILLAUME [I] de Chalon (-[after 1147]). There appears to be no primary source which confirms that Guillaume [I] was the son of Guy de Thiern. Du Chesne suggests that he was the son of Comte Savaric, after whom he is named in the charter dated 1113 which is quoted below, but he proposes no convincing arguments[630]. Orbendale suggests his affiliation with Guy de Thiern, whom he would have succeeded in his share of the county, highlighting especially that Guillaume would not have been named as one of “duorum comitum” in the 1113 document if Savaric had been his father, but as “filii sui”[631]. On the other hand, the possibility that his part of the county of Chalon passed to Guillaume [I] in some other way, maybe by marrying Guy de Thiern´s daughter, cannot be totally excluded in the absence of explicit primary sources. He succeeded [his father] as joint Comte de Chalon. A charter dated 1113 records the foundation of the abbey of La Ferté and names “duorum comitem...Savarici...et Guillelmi”[632]. Bouchard suggests that he appears to have acquired the remaining part of the county around the time Savaric de Vergy sold Châtelet-Chalon to the duke of Burgundy after 1113[633], but this would appear not to be correct given the undated charter, quoted above, which specifies that Savaric sold his part of the county to the bishop of Chalon.]

- see below.

2. [GUY de Thiern . The primary source which confirms his parentage has not yet been identified. Seigneur de Montpensier.] m ---. The identity of Guy's wife is not known. Guy & his wife had one child:

a) AGNES de Thiern . The primary source which precisely confirms her parentage has not yet been identified. Her two marriages are deduced from the Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines which names "Agnes de Montepancerii in Alvernia" as the mother of "domni de Belloioco Wichardi" (her son by her second marriage) and specifies that she was also mother of "Mathilde comitisse Nivernensis"[634]. Dame de Montpensier. "Agnes comitissa de Monte Pancero et de Grinnumniaco" donated property to Cîteaux for the anniversaries of "domini mei Raimundi filiique nostris Hugonis" by charter dated to after 28 Jun 1156[635]. m firstly ([1146]) RAYMOND de Bourgogne Comte de Grignon, son of HUGUES II "Borel/le Pacifique" Duke of Burgundy & his wife Mathilde de Mayenne ([1125]-28 Jun 1156). m secondly ([1160]) HUMBERT [IV] Seigneur de Beaujeu, son of HUMBERT [III] Seigneur de Beaujeu & his wife Alix [Elise] de Savoie.

GUILLAUME [I] de Chalon, son of GUY de Thiern Comte de Chalon & his wife --- (-[after 1147]). There appears to be no primary source which confirms that Guillaume [I] was the son of Guy de Thiern. Du Chesne suggests that he was the son of Comte Savaric, after whom he is named in the charter dated 1113 which is quoted below, but he proposes no convincing arguments[636]. Orbendale suggests his affiliation with Guy de Thiern, whom he would have succeeded in his share of the county, highlighting especially that Guillaume would not have been named as one of “duorum comitum” in the 1113 document if Savaric had been his father, but as “filii sui”[637]. On the other hand, the possibility that his part of the county of Chalon passed to Guillaume [I] in some other way, maybe by marrying Guy de Thiern´s daughter, cannot be totally excluded in the absence of explicit primary sources. He succeeded [his father] as joint Comte de Chalon. A charter dated 1113 records the foundation of the abbey of La Ferté and names “duorum comitem...Savarici...et Guillelmi”[638]. Bouchard suggests that he appears to have acquired the remaining part of the county around the time Savaric de Vergy sold Châtelet-Chalon to the duke of Burgundy after 1113[639], but this would appear not to be correct given the undated charter, quoted above, which specifies that Savaric sold his part of the county to the bishop of Chalon. ["Willelmus comes Cabilonis et Huo filius ducis Burgundie" donated property to la Ferté by charter dated 1147[640]. There is no indication in the document whether it refers to Guillaume [I] or Guillaume [II] Comte de Chalon.]

m ---. The name of Guillaume's wife is not known.

Guillaume [I] & his wife had [three] children:

1. [GUILLAUME [II] de Chalon (-[1174]). There appears to be no primary source which confirms that Guillaume [II] was the son of Guillaume [I]. Indeed, there is a difference of opinion whether there were in fact three comtes de Chalon named Guillaume as sustained by Du Chesne[641], or only two as indicated by Orbandale[642]. The former position is more probable. Guillaume [I] was already adult when he was named in 1113, although younger than his fellow comte de Chalon Savaric after whom he is named in the 1113 document. It is unlikely, therefore, that Guillaume [I] was involved in the attacks on Cluny, dated to 1165. The dates of the marriages of the Chalon daughters (see below) also indicate that there were three comtes named Guillaume: Isabelle´s marriage to Hugues de Bourgogne is dated to [1149], Alix´s first marriage to 1164, while Beatrix married firstly in [1186], which suggests that the three belonged to different generations of the family. Guillaume succeeded [his father] as Comte de Chalon. “Odone Burgundiæ Duce et Guillelmo Comite Cabilonensi” subscribed the charter dated 14 Dec 1148 under which Humbert Bishop of Autun consecrated the church of Saint-Lazaire[643]. Hugues le Poitevin´s Histoire de Vézelay records that Louis VII King of France attacked “Guilelmum comitem Cabilonensem” in reprisal for the attacks by “Guilelmus filius eius” against Cluny, in late 1165[644]. The Historia Ludovici VII Regis records that “Guillelmus comes Cabilonensis diaboli vestigia sequens” attacked the church of Cluny and killed monks and that King Louis captured Guillaume and deprived him of his county, granting half to the duke of Burgundy and the other half to the comte de Nevers[645]. The process by which the county was restored to the Chalon family, as well as the timing of this restoration, has not been traced. "Guillielmus...comes Cabilonensis", fearing his end, renounced his rights over Perrecy in favour of Saint-Benoît-sur-Loire by charter dated 1174[646].] m ---. The name of Guillaume's wife is not known. Guillaume [II] & his wife had one child:

a) GUILLAUME [III] de Chalon (-3 Jan 1203). Hugues le Poitevin´s Histoire de Vézelay records that Louis VII King of France attacked “Guilelmum comitem Cabilonensem” in reprisal for the attacks by “Guilelmus filius eius” against Cluny, in late 1165[647]. He succeeded his father as Comte de Chalon. "Willelmus comes Cabilonensis" granted exemptions to Cluny by charter dated [1180][648]. "Philippus Francorum rex" confirmed a settlement of a dispute concerning "domum de Paredo" between "comes Cabilonensis Willelmus et pater suus" and the abbey of Cluny by charter dated [1 Nov 1180/4 Apr 1181][649]. These two documents presumably resolved the long-standing enmity between the comtes de Chalon and Cluny, although the texts do not refer to the previous problems. He went to Jerusalem in 1189[650]. The necrology of Saint-Vincent records the death "III Non Jan" of "W Cabilonensis comes", adding "et pro filia sua comitissa"[651]. m ---. The name of Guillaume's wife is not known. Guillaume [III] & his wife had one child:

i) BEATRIX (-Tournus 7 Apr 1227, bur Abbaye de la Ferté-sur-Grosne). The necrology of Saint-Vincent confirms that Guillaume's successor was his daughter when it records the death "III Non Jan" of "W Cabilonensis comes", adding "et pro filia sua comitissa"[652]. Her first marriage is confirmed by the charter dated 1227 under which "Simon de Joinville, comme mari de Béatrix, fille d'Etienne comte d'Auxonne et de Béatrix comtesse de Chalon" swore homage to the duke of Burgundy for the château de Marnay[653]. The primary source which confirms her second marriage has not yet been identified. She succeeded her father in 1203 as Ctss de Chalon. “Beatrix cometissa Cabilonensis” made an agreement with the abbey of Autun Saint-Martin relating to “mansis in territorio de Chenovis” by charter dated Aug 1226[654]. The necrology of Saint-Vincent records the death "VII Id Apr" of "Beatrix nobilis comitissa Cabilonensis"[655]. The necrology of Maizières records the death "VII Id Apr" of "Beatricis comitisse Cabilonensis"[656]. m firstly ([1186], divorced [1197/1200]) as his first wife, ETIENNE [III] Comte d'Auxonne, son of ETIENNE [II] Comte d'Auxonne [Bourgogne-Comté] & his wife Judith de Lorraine (before Oct 1172-Marnay 16 Mar 1241). m secondly (before 1200) as his first wife, GUILLAUME [III] des Barres Seigneur d'Oissery, de Saint-Pathus et de Silly, son of GUILLAUME [II] des Barres Comte de Rochefort Seigneur d´Oissery et de la Ferté-Alais[657] & his wife Amice of Leicester (-Nicosia 15 Nov [1249]).

b) [ALIX de Chalon (-before 23 Mar 1187). Her parentage is indicated, and her first marriage confirmed, by the Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines which names "Henricum, patrem Iosceranni Grossi" as the son of "Iosceranum" and "sorore comitis Cabilonensis"[658]. From a chronological point of view, her first marriage dated to 1164 suggests that she must have been the daughter of Comte Guillaume [II]. Her second marriage is confirmed by the charter dated to [1203/15] which records an agreement between "dominam de Brantione et filios eius…Bernardus Grossus et Guillelmus Grossus…Ulricus de Baugiaco maritus domine de Brancione" and Cluny, brokered by "episcopo Cabilonensis et…domina Beatrix comitissa Cabilonensi"[659]. Bouchard records the first wife of Ulric [V] as "dame de Mirebeau" (died 1187 or before) and speculates that she may have been Elisabeth, daughter of Odo Seigneur de Mirebeau & his wife Aegidia ---, who is named with her parents in 1174[660]. Presumably this is based on the charter dated 23 Mar 1187 under which her husband "Ulricus dominus Balgiacensis" donated property to Seillon, for the soul of "domina de Miribel uxoris sua iam defuncta"[661]. It is not known which "Mirebeau" this is. However, the reference to her husband's great-granddaughter Simone [Sibylle] de Bâgé (wife of Amédée V Count of Savoy) succeeding as "dame de Miribel-en-Forez" suggests that the place may have been a different "Mirebeau" from the one of which Odo was seigneur. Europäische Stammtafeln[662] names Ulric's first wife as Alix de Chalon (married in 1198), specifying that she was "dame de Miribel". The first husband of Alix de Chalon died in [1175], which places her second marriage in the right time-frame to have been the mother of Guy and therefore Ulric's first wife. The necrology of Saint-Pierre, Lyon records the death "XVII Kal Jul" of "Alis domina de Miribello"[663]. m firstly (1164) JOSSERAND [IV] Grossus Seigneur de Brancion et d'Uxel, son of BERNARD [V] Grossus & his wife --- de Lorraine (-[1175]). m secondly as his first wife, ULRIC de Bâgé Seigneur de Bâgé et de Bresse, son of RENAUD [III] Seigneur de Bâgé et de Bresse & his wife --- (-before 1220).]

2. [ISABELLE de Chalon (-15 Jun before 1166). Her parentage is confirmed by the charter dated 1186 under which her son "Guillelmus Cabilonensis" confirmed a donation to Ferté-s