This document sets out English noble families in the post-conquest period who were granted no title of nobility, at least not before the late 13th century, whose names start with the letters D to K. It represents a selection of these families, chosen only because they were the ones for whom records were found in the primary sources so far consulted. The scope of this document is being expanded as further sources are studied. It should be emphasised that the reconstructions in this document do not generally include outlines from secondary sources. The objective is to expand the reconstructions based only on primary sources, to avoid perpetuating errors.

Please see the introduction to the document UNTITLED ENGLISH NOBILITY A - C for more general background information on these families.

Chapter 1. DAMMARTIN

1. EUDES de Dammartin, son of --- (-before [1129/30]). It is possible that Eudes was a knight who took his name from the castle of Dammartin but was either unrelated, or related only distantly, to the comital family. According to Domesday Descendants[1], Eudes was the son of Hugues Comte de Dammartin but it is unclear whether this suggestion is based on a specific source. The same source says that he was father of "Odo, Alberic (chamberlain of Louis VI King of France), William, Stephen, Manasser and Haimo" but it is unclear what precise authorities provide the basis for this. Possible family groupings of these children are shown below, although the chronology is not ideal. In particular, Eudes´s supposed son Manassès would have been very old when he died in [1178/79] if Eudes´s three sons Bartholomew, Hamo and William were already old enough to have witnessed a charter dated [before 1135]. The identification of Alberic with the chamberlain of King Louis VI also seems doubtful. There is so much confusion about the genealogy of the Dammartin family that it is prudent to await further information before incorporating this information into a definitive family reconstruction. The Testa de Nevill includes a writ of King John dated 1212 which records that King Henry I granted "Mendlesh" in Suffolk to "Odoni de Danmartin" and that it was then held by "Roberto…de Burgate…cum uxore sua heredi Willelmi de Danmartin"[2]. m BASILIA, daughter of --- (-after 1129). The 1130 Pipe Roll records "Basilia uxor Odon de Domartino…arg. dote sua" in Norfolk[3]. Eudes & his wife had [three] children:

a) EUDES de Dammartin (-after 1196). The 1130 Pipe Roll records "Odo fil Odon de Domartino" in Suffolk[4]. The Red Book of the Exchequer refers to "Odo de Danmartin i m" in Norfolk, Suffolk in [1167/68][5]. The 1176/77 Pipe Roll names "Odone de Dammartin" in Norfolk and Suffolk[6]. The Red Book of the Exchequer refers to "Odo de Danmartin xx s, comes Albericus de Danmartin xx s, et in perdone xx s" in Norfolk, Suffolk in [1186/87][7]. The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1190/91], records "Odo de Danmartin" paying "xs, i militem" in Norfolk, Suffolk[8]. The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1194/95], records that "Odo de Danmartin" paid "xx s, i militem" in Norfolk, Suffolk[9]. The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1196/97], records "Odo de Danmartin" paying "xx s" in Norfolk, Suffolk[10]. Lord of Strumshaw[11]. m ---. The name of Eudes´s wife is not known. Eudes & his wife had [one possible child]:

i) [EUDES de Dammartin (-after 1212). Heir to Eudes de Dammartin in 1212[12]. m (before 1212) --- de Lucy, daughter of REYNOLD de Lucy & his wife Amabel ---. Her marriage and family origin are confirmed by the Testa de Nevill which includes a writ of King John dated 1212 which records that "Richard de Lucy" gave "Wolenested…medietatem…hundredum de Tenhrigg" in Surrey to "Odoni de Dammartin cum sorore sua in maritagium"[13].]

b) [AUBREY de Dammartin (-after [1135]). It is probable that Aubrey and William de Dammartin were sons of Eudes [I] de Dammartin and his wife Basilia, assuming that Eudes was the only family member who emigrated to England (and the absence of any other Dammartin entries in the 1129/30 Pipe Roll suggests that this is probably correct), but this affiliation has not been confirmed. The hypothesis appears supported by the charter dated to [1130/35] under which Henry I King of England confirmed "Alberico de Danmartin" in "totam terram patris sui de manerio Norton" [in Suffolk][14], suggesting that Aubrey´s father has recently died, which is in line with the estimated date of death of Eudes [I]. "Aubri comes Dommartini" granted Norton, Suffolk to his brother William by charter dated [before 1135], witnessed by Manassès de Dammartin, Bartholomew de Dammartin, Hamo de Dammartin and William his brother, Alan de Dammartin, Walter de Dammartin, Matthew de Dammartin, William the bastard, Gilbert de Dammartin and Roger his brother, and Philip de Dammartin [15].]

c) [WILLIAM de Dammartin (-after [1135]). He received Norton, Suffolk from his brother Aubrey [before 1135][16].]

The chronology suggests that the following two brothers were not the same persons as the two brothers of the same name who are shown above.

1. AUBREY de Dammartin (-after 1190). The 1160/61 Pipe Roll names (in order) "Maness de Damartin, Wills de Dammartin, Albr de Dammartin" in Norfolk/Suffolk[17]. The Red Book of the Exchequer refers to "Albericus de Danmartin i m" in Yorkshire in [1161/62][18]. Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record that "Albricus de Danmartin" gave one knight´s fee to "Willelmum de Danmartin fratrem meum" in Suffolk[19]. The Red Book of the Exchequer refers to "Albericus de Danmartin xx s, Manasser de Danmartin xx s" in Norfolk, Suffolk in [1171/72][20]. The Red Book of the Exchequer refers to "Odo de Danmartin xx s, comes Albericus de Danmartin xx s, et in perdone xx s" in Norfolk, Suffolk in [1186/87][21]. The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1190/91], records "comes Albericus" paying "iv s ix d" in Buckinghamshire, Bedfordshire and of "Willelmus de Danmartin, Albericus de Danmartin", each paying "x s, i militem" in Norfolk, Suffolk[22]. m as her third husband, JOAN Basset, widow firstly of --- and secondly of ---, daughter of ---. William Reedy, in the introduction to his collection of Basset charters, states that Joan, sister of Thomas Basset, married Aubry de Dammartin as her third husband[23].

2. WILLIAM de Dammartin (-after 1194). The 1160/61 Pipe Roll names (in order) "Maness de Damartin, Wills de Dammartin, Albr de Dammartin" in Norfolk/Suffolk[24]. Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record that "Albricus de Danmartin" gave one knight´s fee to "Willelmum de Danmartin fratrem meum" in Suffolk[25]. Kinsman of Roger de Clare, from whom he held eleven and a half fees in 1166[26]. The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1190/91], records "comes Albericus" paying "iv s ix d" in Buckinghamshire, Bedfordshire and of "Willelmus de Danmartin, Albericus de Danmartin", each paying "x s, i militem" in Norfolk, Suffolk[27]. The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1194/95], records that "Willelmus de Danmartin" paid "xx s, i militem" in Norfolk, Suffolk[28].

It is assumed that the following individuals were sisters, but their parentage has not yet been traced.

1. EMMA de Dammartin (-after 1196). The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1196/97], records "Emma et Alicia de Donmartin" paying "xx s, i militem" in Warwickshire, Leicestershire[29].

2. ALICE de Dammartin (-after 1196). The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1196/97], records "Emma et Alicia de Donmartin" paying "xx s, i militem" in Warwickshire, Leicestershire[30].

1. MANASSES de Dammartin (-[1178/79]). Maybe "Manassès de Dammartin" who witnessed Aubrey de Dammartin's grant dated to [before 1135][31]. The 1160/61 Pipe Roll names (in order) "Maness de Damartin, Wills de Dammartin, Albr de Dammartin" in Norfolk/Suffolk[32]. The Red Book of the Exchequer refers to "Manasserus de Danmartin i m" in Yorkshire in [1161/62][33]. Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, name "Manasser de Danmartin, iii milites" among those providing knights for military service with "Walteri de Meduana" in Kent[34]. The Red Book of the Exchequer refers to "Manasser de Danmartin i m" in Norfolk, Suffolk in [1167/68][35]. He granted land to his nephew Manassès in [1168][36]. The Red Book of the Exchequer refers to "Albericus de Danmartin xx s, Manasser de Danmartin xx s" in Norfolk, Suffolk in [1171/72][37]. His donation of land at Hyde to Missenden Abbey names his wife and sons Bartholomew, Odo, Haimo and William [38]. The 1176/77 Pipe Roll names "Maneserus de Dammartin" in Essex and Hertfordshire[39]. m GALIENA, daughter of ---. She witnessed her husband's donation to Missenden Abbey[40]. Richard I King of England confirmed a donation to Stratford-at-Bow by “Galienæ et filii eius Bartholomei de Daumartin” by charter dated 9 Oct 1189[41]. Manassès & his wife had four children:

a) BARTHOLOMEW (-before 1194). Maybe "Bartholomew de Dammartin" who witnessed Aubrey de Dammartin's grant dated [before 1135], appearing directly after "Manassès de Dammartin", his supposed father[42]. He witnessed his father donation to Missenden Abbey[43]. He succeeded his father in [1178/79]. Richard I King of England confirmed a donation to Stratford-at-Bow by “Galienæ et filii eius Bartholomei de Daumartin” by charter dated 9 Oct 1189[44].

b) ODO . He witnessed his father donation to Missenden Abbey[45].

c) HAIMO . Maybe "Hamo de Dammartin" who witnessed Aubrey de Dammartin's grant dated [before 1135], appearing directly after "Manassès de Dammartin, Bartholomew de Dammartin", his supposed father and brother[46]. He witnessed his father donation to Missenden Abbey[47].

d) WILLIAM (-1195). Maybe "William de Dammartin, brother of Hamo" who witnessed Aubrey de Dammartin's grant dated [before 1135], appearing directly after "Manassès de Dammartin, Bartholomew de Dammartin", his supposed father and other brother[48]. He witnessed his father donation to Missenden Abbey[49]. He succeeded his brother Bartholomew. m ---. The name of William's wife is not known. William & his wife had one child:

i) GALIENA (-after 1220). She was heiress of her paternal grandfather's estates by 1197. King John confirmed that "Johannes Briewerr" held "terram q fuit Willi de Danmartin…cum Galiena filia eiusdem" by charter dated 28 Feb 1200[50]. King John confirmed "feod i militis in Meldesham…" held by "Johs Briwerr…cum filia et herede Willi de Danmartin" to "Willelmo Briw" by charter dated 22 Mar 1205[51]. The Testa de Nevill includes a writ of King John dated 1212 which records that King Henry I granted "Mendlesh" in Suffolk to "Odoni de Danmartin" and that it was then held by "Roberto…de Burgate…cum uxore sua heredi Willelmi de Danmartin"[52]. King John granted "feodum uni militis in Heldesham quod Johannes Briwer teneit cum predicta filia et herede Willelmi de Danmartin" to "Willelmo Briwerr" on the marriage of "Roberto de Burgat" and "Galienam filiam et heredem Willelmi Danmartin" dated 16 Mar 1215[53]. m firstly (before 28 Feb 1200) JOHN Briwere, son of --- (-before 22 Mar 1205). m secondly ([16 Mar 1215]) ROBERT de Burgate, son of --- (-1220). m thirdly ERNALD de Mandeville, son of ---.

2. [daughter . m ODO de Compeng .] It is not known whether Odo or his wife was the sibling of Manassès de Dammartin. One child:

a) MANASSES . Son of Odo de Compeng, he was granted land in [1168] by his uncle Manassès de Dammartin[54].

3. AGNES . The 1169/70 Pipe Roll records "De plac´ Alan de Nevill…Hocha tra Agnetis de Dammartin" owing in Surrey[55].

4. PHILIP de Dammartin (-before 1185). m --- (-before 1185). The name of Philip´s wife is not known. Philip & his wife had one child:

a) PHILIP de Dammartin (-after 1185). The Rotuli de Dominabus of 1185 records “Philippus de Danmartin filius Philippi…in custodia Domini Regis” and his land valued at “lx solidis"[56].

5. JOHN de Dammartin (-after 1210). The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Johannes de Danmartin" holding one knight´s fee "in Preston" in Kent from the Earl of Arundel in [1210/12][57].

6. MANASSES de Dammartin (-after 1210). The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Manasser de Danmartin" holding one knight´s fee "in Mendlesham sicut Johannes Bruerre custos terræ" in Norfolk, Suffolk in [1210/12][58].

7. ODO de Dammartin (-after 1210). The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Odo de Danmartin" holding one knight´s fee "in Strumeshage" in Norfolk, Suffolk in [1210/12][59]. m as her first husband, MARGARET de Briwere, daughter of WILLIAM de Briwere & his wife Beatrice --- (-after 1237). She married secondly William de la Ferté, and thirdly (divorced) Geoffrey [IV] de Say. Bracton records a claim, dated 1231, by "Rogero de Clare et Alicie uxori eius" against "Margeria de Feritate" accusing her of selling assets "in dotem de hereditate ipsius Alicie in Essingham ad exhereditacionem ipsius Alicie", the defendant stating that changes were made by "Galfridus de Say viri sui" before their divorce, and that the damage was caused by "Odon Danmartin primi viri sui"[60]. Bracton records a claim, dated 1233, by "Hugo Wack" against "Margeriam de Feritate et Willelmum de Percy" relating to an agreement "cum Alicia de Moun et predicto Hugone" concerning share of land which was held by "Willelmi Briwere"[61].

8. THOMAS de Dammartin (-before Jul 1230). The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Thomas de Danmartin" holding two parts of one knight´s fee "in Bello Campo" in Essex, Hertfordshire in [1210/12][62]. The Testa de Nevill includes a list of landholdings in the honour of Boulogne, dated to [1217/18], which includes "Thomas Danmartin" holding "i militem in Belcham"[63]. m ---. The name of Thomas´s wife is not known. Thomas & his wife had one child:

a) PHILIP de Dammartin . "Philip son and heir of Thomas de Dammartin" made a fine "for having seisin of the land formerly of the said Thomas in Belchamp St Ethelbert" in Essex, dated 26 Jul 1230[64].

9. WILLIAM de Dammartin . "…Willielmo de Dammartin…" witnessed the undated charter, dated to [1233/37], under which “Margeria de la Ferte” donated property to Motisfont priory, for the souls of "domini Willielmi Briwerre patris mei et Beatricis matris meæ", and confirmed donations by her father and by "Willielmus Briwer frater meus"[65].

Chapter 2. DOVER

1. FULBERT de Dover (-before 1130). m ADELAIDE, daughter of ---. The 1130 Pipe Roll records "Wills fil Ric" returning in Devonshire for "uxore Fulbti de Doura cum dote et maritagio suo"[66]. Her marriage is confirmed by the charter dated to [1151/53] under which (her son) "Hugo de Chileham filius Fulberti de Dofora" donated the church of Chilham to the abbey of Saint-Bertin, for the souls of "patris mei Fulberti et matris mee Adelit…"[67]. Fulbert & his wife had two children:

a) HUGH de Dover of Chilham, Kent (-[1167/72]). "…Hugone de Douvra, Willelmo Trentegeruns tunc temporis vicecomite de Rothomago…" witnessed the charter dated to [end 1150/early Sep 1151] under which "H. dux Normannorum" donated property to Notre-Dame-du-Pré at Rouen[68]. "Hugo de Chileham filius Fulberti de Dofora" donated the church of Chilham to the abbey of Saint-Bertin, for the souls of "patris mei Fulberti et matris mee Adelit…et Matildis uxoris mee", by charter dated to [1151/53], signed by "…Helya de Chilleham, Mathilde uxore mea, Radulfo filio Willelmi, Willelmo et Johanne fratribus eius, nepotibus meis…Arnaldo de Bolonia"[69]. Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record the names of those providing knights for military service with "Hugonis de Dovra" in Kent[70]. The Red Book of the Exchequer refers to "Hugo de Dovra ix l dimidiam marcam de veteri, et de novo i m" in Kent in [1167/68][71]. [The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1190/91], records "feoda Hugonis de Dovra, de militibus honoris de Brunne" paying "l s in hoc comitatu, v milites" in Cambridgeshire, Huntingdonshire[72]. The fact that tax was being paid in Hugh´s name approximately 20 years after the estimated date of his death suggests some dispute over his inheritance.] m MATILDA Peverel, daughter of ROBERT Peverel & his wife Adelicia --- (-before 1185). A manuscript history of the foundation of Barwell Priory names “quatuor sorores…Pagani filias…primogenita Mathildis de Doure…Alicia…Roisia…Ascelina” as the heiresses of “Gul. Peverell filius Pagani”, adding that Matilda died childless[73]. The Liber Memorandorum Ecclesie de Bernewelle names "Matildis de Doure" as oldest of the four sisters of "Willelmi Peuerel" adding that she died "sine herede" and that her share in her brother´s inheritance was divided between her three sisters[74]. "Willielmus Peverel de Dovera" donated Bradford mill, donated by "dominus Walchelinus Maminot" for the soul of "Rogeri de Haia", to Haughmond abbey by charter dated to [1141/48], witnessed by "…Matilla mea conjuge, Matilla de Dovera mea sorore, Acelina mea sorore…"[75]. "…Mathilde uxore mea…" signed the charter dated to [1151/53] under which "Hugo de Chileham filius Fulberti de Dofora" donated the church of Chilham to the abbey of Saint-Bertin, for the souls of "patris mei Fulberti et matris mee Adelit…et Matildis uxoris mee"[76]. "William Fitz Warin of Burwasley" witnessed the charter dated to [1161/72] under which "Hugh de Dover and Matilda his wife" restored property to Shrewsbury abbey[77].

b) WILLIAM de Dover (-after 1151). His parentage is confirmed by the charter dated to [1151/53] under which "Hugo de Chileham filius Fulberti de Dofora" donated the church of Chilham to the abbey of Saint-Bertin, for the souls of "patris mei Fulberti et matris mee Adelit…et Matildis uxoris mee", signed by "…Radulfo filio Willelmi, Willelmo et Johanne fratribus eius, nepotibus meis…"[78].

- see below.

WILLIAM de Dover, son of FULBERT de Dover & his wife Adelaide --- (-after 1151). His parentage is confirmed by the charter dated to [1151/53] under which "Hugo de Chileham filius Fulberti de Dofora" donated the church of Chilham to the abbey of Saint-Bertin, for the souls of "patris mei Fulberti et matris mee Adelit…et Matildis uxoris mee", signed by "…Radulfo filio Willelmi, Willelmo et Johanne fratribus eius, nepotibus meis…"[79]. "…Willelmo de Dovra conestabulario…" witnessed the charter dated to [1142/46] under which "M. imperatrix, Henrici regis filia et Anglorum domina et Henricus filius comitis Andegavie" confirmed the rights of "Unfrido de Buhun" in the lands he held on the death of her father[80].

m ---. The name of William´s wife is not known.

William & his wife had three children:

1. RALPH de Dover . "…Radulfo filio Willelmi, Willelmo et Johanne fratribus eius, nepotibus meis…" signed the charter dated to [1151/53] under which "Hugo de Chileham filius Fulberti de Dofora" donated the church of Chilham to the abbey of Saint-Bertin, for the souls of "patris mei Fulberti et matris mee Adelit…et Matildis uxoris mee"[81].

2. WILLIAM de Dover . "…Radulfo filio Willelmi, Willelmo et Johanne fratribus eius, nepotibus meis…" signed the charter dated to [1151/53] under which "Hugo de Chileham filius Fulberti de Dofora" donated the church of Chilham to the abbey of Saint-Bertin, for the souls of "patris mei Fulberti et matris mee Adelit…et Matildis uxoris mee"[82].

3. JOHN de Dover (-1194). "…Radulfo filio Willelmi, Willelmo et Johanne fratribus eius, nepotibus meis…" signed the charter dated to [1151/53] under which "Hugo de Chileham filius Fulberti de Dofora" donated the church of Chilham to the abbey of Saint-Bertin, for the souls of "patris mei Fulberti et matris mee Adelit…et Matildis uxoris mee"[83]. The Red Book of the Exchequer refers to "Johannes de Dovra xiv l, de novo xx s" in Kent in [1171/72][84]. The 1194/95 Pipe Roll records "Johannes de Doura…pro habenda saisina de Ringwald et Witstapel dote Matildis uxoris Hugonis de Doura" in Kent[85]. m as her first husband, ROHESE de Lucy, daughter of GEOFFREY de Lucy & his wife ---. The 1194/95 Pipe Roll records "Rohesia de Doure" in Kent "pro habenda medietate terrarum que fuerunt Ricardi de Luci avi sui et quas postea Ricardus frater ipsius Rohesie habuit tam in Anglia quam in Normannia" and "pro licenctia maritandi se ubi voluerit"[86]. Her parentage is confirmed by a claim, dated 1230, recorded by Bracton, by "Matillis de Lucy, Ricardus filius Reginaldi et Roysa uxor eius" against "Robertum Yellestede" concerning "terre…in Neutona", recording that "Ricardus de Lucy antecessor ipsarum Matillidis et Royse" was seised of the property, and after him "Galfrido…filio et heredi suo…et de predicto Galfrido…Herberto…filio et heredi suo et de predicto Herberto Matillidi et Royse sororibus" and "de predicta Roysa…Foberto filio suo et de predicto Foberto isti Royse…filie et heredi suo"[87]. "Willelmus Briwer" paid a fine for "custodia terre et heredum Fobti de Dovr…et…custodia dotis Roes de Dovr", dated 1204[88]. She married secondly (1205) Nicholas FitzAlan. "Nicol fil Alan et Roes de Dovr ux eius" paid a fine for "dote ipsius Roes" in Essex and Kent, dated 1205[89]. Bracton records an inquiry, dated 1223, into "terre…Newetona" disputed between "Henricum de Cobbeham" and "Wilhelmus Briwere", which found that "Roheysia de Douere filia Gaufridi de Lucy primogeniti filii Ricardi de Lucy" held the land which, after confiscation, was restored to "predicta Roeysia" who with "Nicholas vir suus" gave it to "Willelmo Briwere"[90]. John & his wife had one child:

a) FULBERT de Dover (-[1204/05]). His parentage is confirmed by a claim, dated 1230, recorded by Bracton, by "Matillis de Lucy, Ricardus filius Reginaldi et Roysa uxor eius" against "Robertum Yellestede" concerning "terre…in Neutona", recording that "Ricardus de Lucy antecessor ipsarum Matillidis et Royse" was seised of the property, and after him "Galfrido…filio et heredi suo…et de predicto Galfrido…Herberto…filio et heredi suo et de predicto Herberto Matillidi et Royse sororibus" and "de predicta Roysa…Foberto filio suo et de predicto Foberto isti Royse…filie et heredi suo"[91]. "Fobertus filius Johannis de Dovera" confirmed the donation of Chilham church to Saint-Bertin by "Hugo de Dovra avunculus patris mei" by charter dated to [1191/1200][92]. "Fob´t de Dovr" paid a fine for "castelli de Chillam et ville de Chilham", dated 1199[93]. "Willelmus Briwer" paid a fine for "custodia terre et heredum Fobti de Dovr…et…custodia dotis Roes de Dovr", dated 1204[94]. King John confirmed "custodia terre et heredum Fobti de Dover" to "Willelmo Briw" with "maritagium eosdem heredum" by charter dated 6 Jan 1206[95]. m ([1203/04]) as her first husband, ISABEL Briwere, daughter of WILLIAM Briwere & his wife Beatrice des Vaux (-[1226/10 Jun 1233]). The primary source which confirms her parentage and marriage has not yet been identified, although it is suggested by Bracton´s record of a claim, dated 1233, by her son "Hugo Wack" against "Margeriam de Feritate et Willelmum de Percy" relating to an agreement "cum Alicia de Moun et predicto Hugone" concerning share of land which was held by "Willelmi Briwere"[96]. It is also suggested by the order dated 1204 under which "Willelmus Briwer" paid a fine for "custodia terre et heredum Fobti de Dovr…et…custodia dotis Roes de Dovr"[97]. King John confirmed "custodia terre et heredum Fobti de Dover" to "Willelmo Briw" with "maritagium eosdem heredum" by charter dated 6 Jan 1206[98]. She married secondly Baldwin Wake. John & his wife had one child:

i) ROHESE ([1204/05]-[1264/65]). King John granted "terram…Roes de Dover uxorem suam…castro illo de Chilleha" to "Ric filio nostro" by order dated 11 Jul 1214[99]. "William Briwere" was ordered to deliver to "Richard the king´s son all the lands which fell to Rose his wife hereditarily"[100]. Bracton notes a claim, dated 1227, by "Ricardus filius Reg et Roysia uxor eius" against "Robertum filium Walteri" for land "in Lesnes" of which "Roysia de Douera avia ipsius Roysie" was seised[101]. Bracton records a claim, dated 1230, by "Matillis de Lucy, Ricardus filius Reginaldi [error for "Regis", probably incorrectly extended to Reginaldi from Regi?] et Roysa uxor eius" against "Robertum Yellestede" concerning "terre…in Neutona", which records the claimants´ ancestry "Galfrido…filio et heredi suo…et de predicto Galfrido…Herberto…filio et heredi suo et de predicto Herberto Matillidi et Royse sororibus" and "de predicta Roysa…Foberto filio suo et de predicto Foberto isti Royse…filie et heredi suo"[102]. The Pipe Rolls record in 1258 that "Willelmus de Wilton" married "Roesiam de Douor que fuit uxor Ricardi de Chileham"[103]. m firstly (before 11 Jul 1214) RICHARD FitzJohn or Fitzroy, illegitimate son of JOHN King of England & his mistress --- de Warenne (-[1245/46]). m secondly (after 14 Jul 1250) WILLIAM of Wilton, son of --- (-killed in battle Lewes 14 Apr 1264).

1. ANSFRID de Dover (-after 1166). Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, name "Anfridus de Dovra, dimidium militem" among those providing military service for William Earl of Gloucester in Kent[104].

2. RICHARD de Dover (-after 1166). Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record that "Ricardus de Dovra" held one knight´s fee from the bishop of Hereford in Herefordshire[105].

3. ROBERT de Dover (-[before 1194]). The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1194/95], records "honor Roberti de Dovra" paying "xiv l, xiv milites" in Kent[106]. The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1196/97], records "honor Roberti de Dovra" paying "xiv l, xiv milites" in Kent[107]. It is unclear whether these entries mean that Robert was an absentee landlord in Kent, paying scutage directly in another location, or that he was deceased and the arrangements for payment in the name of his heir unfinalised.

4. HAMON de Chilham (-after 1196). The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1196/97], records "Hamo de Chileham" paying "dimidium militem…de honore Piperelli de Dovra" in Kent[108].

5. HUGH de Dover (-after 1210). The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Hugo de Dovra" holding one knight´s fee "in Childestone" in Hereford in [1210/12][109].

Chapter 3. DUNSTANVILLE

This family has been the subject of unsubstantiated genealogies, based on forged documentation, probably compiled in the late 15th century. Eyton quotes from one of these genealogies and three of the alleged primary source documents on which it is based[110]. The purpose behind these late forgeries is unknown, as the family became extinct in the male line around two centuries earlier. The existence of these forgeries suggests that a policy of caution is preferable when reconstructing the early generations of the family. Secondary sources indicate that the later Dunstanvilles were descended from Rainald de Dunstanville who is shown below. The primary sources which confirm that this descent is correct have not yet been identified, and it is not known whether it is traceable only to a later forgery.

[Three] brothers:

1. WALTER de Dunstanville . "…Walter of Dunstanville and Robert his brother…" witnessed the charter dated to [1094/98] under which William II King of England confirmed the donation to the abbey of Sainte-Marie de la Sauve Majeure by Hugues de Montgommery[111].

2. ROBERT de Dunstanville . "…Walter of Dunstanville and Robert his brother…" witnessed the charter dated to [1094/98] under which William II King of England confirmed the donation to the abbey of Sainte-Marie de la Sauve Majeure by Hugues de Montgommery[112]. An undated charter records “Roberti de Dunstanvilla” among the benefactors of Lewes Priory and his donation of “ecclesia de Bereham…[et] capella de Gretcham” in Sussex[113]. This donation can be dated to before 1121 by the charter of that date which confirmed the possessions of Lewes Priory including the churches of "Bercha…Bercha…Grethea…" and "Sibilia filia Beorndi de Novo Mercato" refers to land held by "Ric fil Pontii"[114].

3. [--- de Dunstanville (-before 1121). It is not known whether the father of Alan de Dunstanville was Walter de Dunstanville, named above, or another unnamed brother of Robert, possibly Rainald de Dunstanville who is shown below. m ---.] One child:

a) ALAN de Dunstanville . In its record of the donation of "ecclesia de Bereham" in Sussex to Lewes Priory by “Roberti de Dunstanvilla” (dated to before 1121, see above), an undated charter records that the property was “de feodo Alani nepotis sui” who later donated revenue to the priory[115].

Two siblings:

1. RAINALD de Dunstanville (-after 1129). "…Reinaldus de Dunstanvilla…" subscribed a charter dated 28 Jun 1121 under which "Willelmus filius regis" donated "terra…Grenta de Stoca" to Bath St Peter[116]. The 1130 Pipe Roll records "Ragin de Dunstanvilla" in Wiltshire (two entries) and Surrey[117]. An undated charter records “Rainaldus de Dunstanvilla” among the benefactors of Lewes Priory and his donation of “Winterburnam…ecclesiam” in Wiltshire[118]. m ADELISE de l´Isle, daughter of ---. The 1130 Pipe Roll records "Tierric fil Rogi filioli…hat rectu de hereditate sua. Et Adeliz de Dunestanvilla est inde pleg" in Wiltshire[119]. An undated charter of Henry I King of England records donations to Tewkesbury abbey including that of “terram de Poltona” {Potterne, Wiltshire} by “Adeliza de Insula” for the soul of "Reginaldi de Dunstanvilla viri sui"[120]. Secondary sources indicate that Adelisa was the daughter of Humphrey de l´Isle who is named in Domesday. The primary source which confirms that this is correct has not yet been identified

2. GUNDRED (-after [1129/30]). The 1130 Pipe Roll records "Gunderede sorori Ragin de Dunestanvilla" in Wiltshire, on the same page as her supposed brother[121]. According to C. Phillips[122], this connection with Wiltshire makes it more likely that "Ragin. de Dunstanvilla" was a member of the Wiltshire Dunstanville family rather than the Earl of Cornwall. If this is correct, Gundred was not the daughter of King Henry I. This conclusion is also supported by the birth date ranges estimated for the earl of Cornwall ([1110/15], see the document ENGLAND KINGS) and his uterine brother Herbert FitzHerbert ([1125/35], see below in the present document), which render it unlikely that they would have had a sister who is recorded as a land-holder in 1130.

[Two] brothers. Oswald Barron names Robert and Alan de Dunstanville as sons of Rainald de Dunstanville and his wife Adelise de l´Isle but does not cite the corresponding primary source[123]. If this parentage is correct, it is surprising that the name Rainald does not feature among the couple´s descendants. It is possible that Alan de Dunstanville, brother of Robert who is named below, was the same person as Alan, nephew of Robert, who is named above.

1. ROBERT de Dunstanville (-[1166]). "…Roberto de Dunest[anvilla]…" witnessed the charter dated to [1142/46] under which "M. imperatrix, Henrici regis filia et Anglorum domina et Henricus filius comitis Andegavie" confirmed the rights of "Unfrido de Buhun" in the lands he held on the death of her father[124]. "Ricardo de Humez constabulario…Roberto de Dunstanvilla…" witnessed the charter dated to [1152/54] under which Henri Duke of Normandy ceded the former house of "Conani thesaurarii" to Bayeux until his heirs paid a debt[125]. "Ricardus de Humez constabularius, Richardus de Haia…Robertus de Dunstanvilla…" witnessed the charter dated under which Henri Duke of Normandy notified a judgment relating to the house of the late "Conani thesaurarii" by charter dated to [1152/54][126]. Henry II King of England confirmed property "Cutiford" to the priory of Furleigh, donated by "Walterus de Dunst. et Alanus frater eius" for the soul of "Roberti de Dunst avunculi sui", by charter dated to [1166/69][127].

2. [ALAN de Dunstanville (-[1141/56]). Oswald Barron names Alan de Dunstanville as father of Walter, Alan and Alice but does not cite the corresponding primary sources[128].] m ---. [Alan] & his wife had three children:

a) WALTER de Dunstanville (-[1195]). Henry II King of England confirmed property "Cutiford" to the priory of Furleigh, donated by "Walterus de Dunst. et Alanus frater eius" for the soul of "Roberti de Dunst avunculi sui", by charter dated to [1166/69][129]. The Red Book of the Exchequer refers to "Walterus de Dunstanville iii m" in Sussex in [1167/68][130]. The 1176/77 Pipe Roll names "Waltero de Dunestanuill…in Colinton" in Devonshire, "Walterus de Dunestanuill" in Shropshire, and "Waltero de Dunestanuill…in Hichtredeberia" iand "de Brocton" in Wiltshire[131]. [m firstly URSULA, daughter of RENAUD [de Dunstanville] Earl of Cornwall & his wife Beatrice FitzWilliam. Her parentage and marriage are included in a manuscript pedigree of Dunstanville, probably dated to [1461/1509], based on an alleged mandate of King John which asserts that in [1196/97] "Reginald late Earl of Cornwall…acknowledged that a moiety of the manor of Colern and a third part of the manor of Addersley" in Wiltshire "were the right of Walter de Dunstanville and Ursula his wife, daughter of the said earl, father and mother of Walter de Dunstanville now living"[132]. Eyton highlights that the document does not exist in any of the surviving rolls of King John and describes it as "a detestable forgery", pointing out that Renaud Earl of Cornwall died in 1175.] m [secondly] as her first husband, SIBYLLA, daughter of --- (-after 1230). She married secondly Enguerrand des Préaux. Bracton records a claim, dated 1220, by "Engelramus de Pratellis…et Sibilla uxor eius" against "Thomam Basset" for "terciam partem de Colintona…dotem ipsius Sibille et Walterus de Dunstanuilla quondam vir suus"[133]. Walter & his wife had one child:

i) WALTER de Dunstanville (-before 21 Aug 1241). The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1194/95], records "Walterus de Dunstanville" paying "xx s, i militem" in Shropshire[134]. The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1196/97], records "Walterus de Dunstanville" paying "xx s, i militem" in Shropshire and also paying in Wiltshire[135]. The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Walterus de Dunstanville" holding one knight´s fee "Heithtredebiri" in Wiltshire, and one in Cornwall, in [1210/12][136]. Henry III King of England granted letters of conduct to "Walterus de Dunstanvill" dated 23 Dec 1216[137]. "Walter de Dunstanvill" was granted a weekly market "at his manor of Hecghtridebiri" dated 26 Mar 1227[138]. m (before 22 Apr 1213) PETRONILLA, daughter of WILLIAM FitzAlan & his wife --- de Lacy. Her parentage, marriage and descendants are referred to by Eyton[139]. Walter & his wife had one child:

(a) WALTER de Dunstanville (-14 Jan 1270). A writ dated 28 Jan "53 Hen III", after the death of "Walter de Dunstanvil", records that he died "on Tuesday after St Hilary last" and names "Petronilla his daughter aged 22 on the day of St Peter in Cathedra next, whom Roberti de Monteforti married, is his heir"[140]. m firstly DIONISIA, daughter of ---. m secondly ROHESE, daughter of --- (-after 1279). Walter & his first wife had one child:

(1) PETRONILLA de Dunstanville (22 Feb 1248-[1284/92]). A writ dated 28 Jan "53 Hen III", after the death of "Walter de Dunstanvil", names "Petronilla his daughter aged 22 on the day of St Peter in Cathedra next, whom Roberti de Monteforti married, is his heir"[141]. m firstly (before 14 Jan 1270) ROBERT de Montfort, son of --- (-1274). m secondly JOHN de la Mare, son of --- (-[1313/14]).

b) ALAN de Dunstanville (-before 10 Oct 1200). Henry II King of England confirmed property "Cutiford" to the priory of Furleigh, donated by "Walterus de Dunst. et Alanus frater eius" for the soul of "Roberti de Dunst avunculi sui", by charter dated to [1166/69][142]. According to Domesday Descendants[143], Alan was the son of Rainald de Dunstanville and his wife Adelise de l´Isle (see above), but the primary source which confirms that this is correct has not yet been identified. Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record that "Alanus de Dunstanville" held seven knights` fees in Sussex under the Earl of Arundel[144]. The Red Book of the Exchequer refers to "Alanus de Dunstanville xjj" in Cornwall in [1186/87][145]. An order of King John dated 10 Oct 1200 relates to "heredem Alani de Dunstanvill qui est in custodia matris sue uxoris quondam predicti Alani", addressed to "Willelmo de Cantilupo"[146]. m ISABEL, daughter of --- ([1154/55]-after 10 Oct 1200). The Rotuli de Dominabus of 1185 records that “uxor Alani de Dunstanville…xxx annorum et uxor Alardi filii Willelmi…xxiv annorum” were the heirs of “Emme de Langetot…lx annorum…de genere illarum de Chedney et Joscelini Crispini” in Buckinghamshire[147]. An order of King John dated 10 Oct 1200 relates to "heredem Alani de Dunstanvill qui est in custodia matris sue uxoris quondam predicti Alani", addressed to "Willelmo de Cantilupo"[148]. Her name is confirmed by a charter dated 1 Jul 1241 which records a final settlement between "Gilbertum de Basevil" and "Alanum Bassat" relating to land in Bepton, Sussex and land in Cornwall "quam Isabella que fuit uxor predicti Alani de Dunstanvill tenet in dotem" which was inherited by Gilbert from "Alani de Dunstanvill avunculi predictorum Gilberti et Alani"[149]. Alan & his wife had one child:

i) CECILY de Dunstanville (-before 26 Feb 1208). King John confirmed "feud i militis…in Okléé" to "Willo Basset fil et heredi Johis Basset fil Osmundi Basset", and "pereatis de Cecylia de Dunestanvill quondam uxore sua villam de Menelidam" which "Alanus de Dunestanvill pater ipsius Cecilie dedit ei ad se maritandam", by charter dated 26 Feb 1208[150]. m WILLIAM Basset of Ipsden, son of JOHN Basset of Ipsden & his wife --- (-after 26 Feb 1208).

c) ALICE de Dunstanville (-after 1186). Oswald Barron names Alice as daughter of Alan de Dunstanville and records her marriage to Thomas Basset, but does not cite the corresponding primary source[151]. Her parentage is confirmed by a charter dated 20 Mar 1200 under which King John confirmed the grant of "manerium de Scaudeford", which "fuit Walteri de Dunestanvill avunculi sui, sic jus et liberum maritagium Aelic matris ipsius Gilberti", to her son "Gilberto Basset"[152]. m THOMAS Basset [I] of Headington, Oxfordshire, son of --- (-after [1180/82]).

Chapter 4. ESSEX

1. ROBERT FitzWimarc (-after Oct 1066). Guillaume de Poitou names "natione Normannus, Rotbertus filius Wimaræ nobilis mulieris" as one of the supporters of Guillaume II Duke of Normandy "domino suo atque consanguineo" at the battle of Hastings[153]. m ---. The name of Robert´s wife is not known. It is possible that she was BEATRICE, daughter of ---, who was one of the grandmothers of Robert FitzSwein (see below), as shown by the manuscript recording the priors of Prittlewell which quotes a charter under which “Robertus filius Sueni” founded Prittlewell priory, for the souls of “…aviæ meæ Beatricis”[154], but the document does not specify whether she was the founder´s paternal or maternal grandmother. Robert & his wife had one child:

a) SWEIN FitzRobert . “…Sven fil Roberti, Hugonis de Port, Josfridi de Magna Villa, Willielmi Caticet, Huberti de Port…” witnessed the charter dated to [1070/75] under which William I King of England donated Plumstead to St Augustine´s, Canterbury[155]. m ---. The name of Swein´s wife is not known. Swein & his wife had two children:

i) WILLIAM FitzSwein . "…William fitz Suen…" witnessed the charter dated 5 Sep 1082 which records the settlement of a claim by the abbey of Saint-Wandrille about "Oxcessus"[156].

ii) ROBERT FitzSwein (-after 1130). A manuscript recording the priors of Prittlewell quotes a charter under which “Robertus filius Sueni” founded Prittlewell priory, for the souls of “…aviæ meæ Beatricis”, witnessed by “Alberico de Ver et Roberto fratre eius…”[157].

- see below.

ROBERT FitzSwein, son of SWEIN FitzRobert & his wife --- (-after 1130). A manuscript recording the priors of Prittlewell quotes a charter under which “Robertus filius Sueni” founded Prittlewell priory, for the souls of “…aviæ meæ Beatricis”, witnessed by “Alberico de Ver et Roberto fratre eius…”[158]. A charter dated 1121 confirmed the possessions of Lewes Priory including the donation of "…Ap P-nciduela monasteriu S. Marie et…monacis cluniacensibus sub sco Pancratio…" by "Robt Sweni filius"[159]. “Rob Waster” donated "duos partes totius decimæ meæ de Wereslai" to St Neot´s, Huntingdonshire, for the soul of “Soeni de Essessa” and for the health of "domini mei Roberti filii prædicti Soeni…Gunnor uxoris suæ…uxoris meæ et Willielmi filii Gerei patris sui", by undated charter[160]. The 1130 Pipe Roll records "Robt fil Sueini" in Wiltshire[161]. The Red Book of the Exchequer refers to "Roberto filio Swein xl s" in Northamptonshire in [1158/59][162]. Lord of Rayleigh, Essex.

m as her first husband, GUNNOR Bigod, daughter of ROGER Bigod of Earsham, Suffolk & his second wife Alice de Tosny (-before [1137]). A charter of Hugh Bigod for Norwich Priory refers to property given by “his sister Gunnor”[163]. “Robert de Essex and Gunnora his wife, daughter of Roger Bigod” donated Fremingham church to Thetford priory, Norfolk for the souls of their ancestors and of "their son Henry on his birth-day"[164]. It is not clear from this extract whether Gunnor´s father was named in the original document. Her first marriage is indicated by the charter of King Henry II which confirmed donations to Thetford Priory, including the donation by “Gunnoræ matris Henrici de Exessa”[165]. “Rob Waster” donated "duos partes totius decimæ meæ de Wereslai" to St Neot´s, Huntingdonshire, for the soul of “Soeni de Essessa” and for the health of "domini mei Roberti filii prædicti Soeni…Gunnor uxoris suæ…uxoris meæ et Willielmi filii Gerei patris sui", by undated charter[166]. She married secondly as his first wife, Hamon de Saint-Clair. Her second husband confirmed grants of her marriage portion in Brome for her soul[167].

Robert & his wife had [three] children:

1. [ROBERT de Essex (-[1132/40]) . Domesday Descendants demonstrates convincingly that the husband of Adelisa de Vere is unlikely to have been Robert FitzSwein, who was survived by his widow Gunnor[168]. It suggests that he was the older son of Robert FitzSwein who must have died soon after succeeding his father. m as her first husband, ADELISA de Vere, daughter of AUBREY de Vere Lord of Hedingham & his wife Adelisa de Clare ([1105]-after 1185). “Roesia comitissa” donated property to Colne priory, for the souls of “patris mei Alberici et Gaufridi domini mei”, by undated charter, witnessed by “…Willielmo de Veer, Adelisa de Veer, Adelisa de Essexa”[169]. She married secondly Roger FitzRichard Lord of Warkworth. The Rotuli de Dominabus of 1185 records property “Arenho” held by “Alicia de Essex…lx annorum…amita comitis Willelmi et soror comitis Albrici”, adding that she had “ii filios milites et i filiam maritatam Johanni Constabulario Cestrie”[170]. The same source, in another passage, records that “Alicia de Essex…est iiii.xx annorum” (presumably indicating "4 x 20 years" i.e. 80, which appears to be a more accurate assessment than the statement in the earlier passage that she was 60 years old, given the general chronology of these families) and held “Clavering sicut dotem suam, de feodo Henrici de Essex”, adding that she had “ii filios milites" and land "in comitatu Norhamton…de feodo comitis Willelmi"[171].] Robert & his wife had [one child]:

a) [ALICE (-after 1185). A manuscript history of the Lacy family names “Aliciam Vere uxorem Willielmi Mandevill” as the wife of “Johannes constabularium Cestriæ”, son of “Richardus constabularius Cestriæ”[172]. Her parentage is clarified by the Rotuli de Dominabus of 1185 which records property “Arenho” held by her mother “Alicia de Essex…amita comitis Willelmi et soror comitis Albrici”, adding that she has “ii filios milites et i filiam maritatam Johanni Constabulario Cestrie”[173]. It is assumed that the reference to “Willielmi Mandevill” is somehow truncated and that he was not Alice´s first husband: he would in fact have been Alice´s first cousin, son of her maternal aunt. The source, however, only confirms the name of Alice´s mother. According to Domesday Descendants, Alice was the daughter of Adelisa de Vere by her second husband, Roger FitzRichard Lord of Warkworth[174]. The primary source on which this statement is based has not been identified. Until the question is further clarified, Alice is shown here in square brackets. m JOHN de Vesci, son of RICHARD FitzEustace de Vesci & his wife Aubreye de Lisours (-11 Oct 1183).]

2. HENRY de Essex . “Robert de Essex and Gunnora his wife, daughter of Roger Bigod” donated Fremingham church to Thetford priory, Norfolk for the souls of their ancestors and of "their son Henry on his birth-day"[175]. A charter of King Henry II confirmed donations to Thetford Priory, including the donation by “Gunnoræ matris Henrici de Exessa”[176]. Constable 1154. Lord of Rayleigh and Haughley. “Henry de Essex, the king´s constable” confirmed his parents´ donation of Fremingham church to Thetford priory, Norfolk for the souls of "Cecily his wife, Henry his son and his other children"[177]. The Chronicle of Jocelin of Brakelond records the trial by combat between "Henry de Essex" and "Robert de Montfort", dated to [1163][178]. m CECILY, daughter of ---. “Henry de Essex, the king´s constable” confirmed his parents´ donation of Fremingham church to Thetford priory, Norfolk for the souls of "Cecily his wife, Henry his son and his other children"[179]. “Henricus de Essexia” confirmed the donation of "ecclesiam de Walde" to Clerkenwell St Mary´s made by "Cecilia mater mea", by undated charter[180]. Henry & his wife had [four or more] children:

a) HENRY de Essex (-after 1210). “Henry de Essex, the king´s constable” confirmed his parents´ donation of Fremingham church to Thetford priory, Norfolk for the souls of "Cecily his wife, Henry his son and his other children"[181]. “Henricus de Essexia” confirmed the donation of "ecclesiam de Walde" to Clerkenwell St Mary´s made by "Cecilia mater mea", by undated charter[182]. The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Henricus de Essex" holding one quarter of one knight´s fee "in Ordewic et Cumbretone" in Cambridgeshire, Huntingdonshire in [1210/12][183].

b) HUGH de Essex (-after Mar 1194). “Hugonem de Essexia filium Henrici” assented to the donation of "ecclesiam de Walde" to Clerkenwell St Mary´s made by "Cecilia mater eius et Henricus frater ipsius Hugonis", by charter dated Mar 1194[184].

c) AGNES de Essex ([1151/52]-after 1206[185], bur Colne Priory). Earl Aubrey tried to repudiate his third wife within a year but in [1171/72] Alexander III King of Scotland directed the Bishop of London to order Earl Aubrey to take her back[186]. m ([1162/63]) as his third wife, AUBREY [III] de Vere Earl of Oxford, son of AUBREY [II] de Vere & his wife Adelisa [Alice] de Clare ([1110]-26 Dec 1194, bur Colne Priory).

d) other children . “Henry de Essex, the king´s constable” confirmed his parents´ donation of Fremingham church to Thetford priory, Norfolk for the souls of "Cecily his wife, Henry his son and his other children"[187].

3. [GUNNOR . An undated charter records the settlement of a dispute between the prior of Binham and “Gunnoram de Estsexia” concerning property "villæ…Westleia" donated by “domina Agnes de Valoniis et Robertus de Valoniis filius eius”, witnessed by “…Roberto de Ver, Henrico fratre eius…”[188]. The donation in question can be dated to the mid-12th century, but it the charter appears to have been dated later. According to Domesday Descendants, Gunnor was the daughter of Robert FitzSwein[189]. However, the only authority cited is this undated charter relating to the dispute at Binham which does not name Gunnor´s parents. It is therefore possible that she was the widow of Robert FitzSwein not his daughter.]

Chapter 5. EWIAS

HAROLD de Ewias of Ewyas Harold, Herefordshire, son of RAOUL de Mantes Earl of Hereford & his wife --- (-after 1100). Freeman states that "Harold the son of Ralph" is named in Domesday in Gloucestershire, Worcester, Warwickshire and Middlesex[190]. Lord of Ewyas after 1086. A manuscript which lists donations to Gloucester St Peter includes a record of the donation in 1100 by “Haraldus dominus de Ewyas” and the later confirmation by “Robertus” of "donum Haraldi patris sui"[191]. "Haraldus de Ewyas" donated "ecclesiam Sancti Michaelis de Ewyas…decimam de domino castelli de Ewyas…" to Gloucester St Peter, confirmed by "Roberto herede meo", by undated charter, witnessed by "Rogerus, Johannes, Alexander et Willelmus filii mei…"[192].

m ---. The name of Harold´s wife is not known.

Harold & his wife had three children:

1. ROBERT [I] de Ewias (-after 1147[193]). "Haraldus de Ewyas" donated "ecclesiam Sancti Michaelis de Ewyas…decimam de domino castelli de Ewyas…" to Gloucester St Peter, confirmed by "Roberto herede meo", by undated charter, witnessed by "Rogerus, Johannes, Alexander et Willelmus filii mei…"[194]. A manuscript which lists donations to Gloucester St Peter includes a record of the donation in 1100 by “Haraldus dominus de Ewyas” and the later confirmation by “Robertus” of "donum Haraldi patris sui"[195]. The Gesta Stephani Regis records that "Robertus…filius Heraldi" was sent by the king to subdue the Welsh, dated to [1136/37][196]. "Robertus filius Haraldi de Ewyas" confirmed the donations of "ecclesiam Sancti Michaelis de Ewyas…decimam de domino castelli de Ewyas…" to Gloucester St Peter made by his father, for the souls of himself and "uxoris meæ Sibillæ", by undated charter[197]. m SIBYLLA, daughter of ---. "Robertus filius Haraldi de Ewyas" confirmed the donations of "ecclesiam Sancti Michaelis de Ewyas…decimam de domino castelli de Ewyas…" to Gloucester St Peter made by his father, for the souls of himself and "uxoris meæ Sibillæ", by undated charter[198]. Robert & his wife had [two] children:

a) ROBERT [II] de Ewias (-1198). Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record the knights´ fees held from "Roberti de Weias" in Herefordshire[199]. The Red Book of the Exchequer refers to "Robertus de Ewias xix m" in Hereford in [1167/68][200]. The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1190/91], records "Robertus de Ewias" paying "ix l x s, xix milites" in Herefordshire[201]. The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1194/95], records "Robertus de Ewias" paying "xix l, xix milites" in Herefordshire and also paying in Hampshire[202]. "Robertus de Ewyas filius Roberti de Ewyas" confirmed the donations of "ecclesiam Sancti Michaelis et Sancti Jacobi de Ewyas…" to Gloucester St Peter, for the souls of himself and "uxoris meæ Petronillæ et filiæ meæ Sibillæ", by charter dated 23 Feb 1196[203]. m PETRONILLA, daughter of ---. "Robertus de Ewyas filius Roberti de Ewyas" confirmed the donations of "ecclesiam Sancti Michaelis et Sancti Jacobi de Ewyas…" to Gloucester St Peter, for the souls of himself and "uxoris meæ Petronillæ et filiæ meæ Sibillæ", by charter dated 23 Feb 1196[204]. Robert & his wife had one child:

i) SIBYLLA de Ewias (-1236). "Robertus de Ewyas filius Roberti de Ewyas" confirmed the donations of "ecclesiam Sancti Michaelis et Sancti Jacobi de Ewyas…" to Gloucester St Peter, for the souls of himself and "uxoris meæ Petronillæ et filiæ meæ Sibillæ", by charter dated 23 Feb 1196[205]. Henry III King of England confirmed "terre de Helvinton, que est de feodo ipsius Sibille" to "Rogero de Clifford et Sibille de Euias uxori eius" dated [early] 1217[206]. “Rogerus de Clifford” requested burial at Dore abbey, Herefordshire, with the consent of "Sibillæ uxoris meæ", next to "filium suum", by undated charter, witnessed by "Ricardo de Clifford, Willielmo de Ewyas seniore, Willielmo de Ewyas juniore, filio Sibillæ"[207]. "Domina Sibilla de Ewyas filia Roberti de Ewyas" donated her mill at Ethon to Acornbury priory, Herefordshire by undated charter, witnessed by “domino Waltero de Lacy, domino Rogero de Clifford, Willielmo de Ewias…Roberto Tregoz et fratribus suis"[208]. m firstly ROBERT de Tresgoz, son of --- (-[1213/14]). m secondly (early 1217) ROGER [I] Clifford of Tenbury, son of WALTER [II] de Clifford & his wife Agnes de Cundy (-[Dec 1231]).

b) [WILLIAM de Ewias (-after [1231]). “Rogerus de Clifford” requested burial at Dore abbey, Herefordshire, with the consent of "Sibillæ uxoris meæ", next to "filium suum", by undated charter, witnessed by "Ricardo de Clifford, Willielmo de Ewyas seniore, Willielmo de Ewyas juniore, filio Sibillæ"[209]. "Domina Sibilla de Ewyas filia Roberti de Ewyas" donated her mill at Ethon to Acornbury priory, Herefordshire by undated charter, witnessed by “domino Waltero de Lacy, domino Rogero de Clifford, Willielmo de Ewias…Roberto Tregoz et fratribus suis"[210]. The precise parentage of "Willielmo de Ewyas seniore" has not been identified, but it seems reasonable to suppose that he was a close relative of Sibylla, possibly her nearest male blood relative and maybe her paternal uncle as her known cousins on her father´s side used the names Sudeley and Tracy. If this is correct, he presumably died without direct heirs as Sibylla´s adopted the name Ewias. The only difficulty with this theory is the chronology, as the charter in question can presumably be dated to shortly before the death of Roger [I] de Clifford, dated to [Dec 1231]. If that is correct, William must have been extremely old if he was Sibylla´s paternal uncle.]

2. ROGER de Ewias (-after 1166). "Haraldus de Ewyas" donated "ecclesiam Sancti Michaelis de Ewyas…decimam de domino castelli de Ewyas…" to Gloucester St Peter, confirmed by "Roberto herede meo", by undated charter, witnessed by "Rogerus, Johannes, Alexander et Willelmus filii mei…"[211]. Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record that "Rogerus de Wias" held one knight´s fee "de Cliva" from "Roberti de Weias" in Herefordshire[212]. Roger´s precise parentage has not been identified, but it is reasonable to suppose that he was another brother of Robert [II] de Ewias.]

3. JOHN de Sudeley (-before 1166). "Haraldus de Ewyas" donated "ecclesiam Sancti Michaelis de Ewyas…decimam de domino castelli de Ewyas…" to Gloucester St Peter, confirmed by "Roberto herede meo", by undated charter, witnessed by "Rogerus, Johannes, Alexander et Willelmus filii mei…"[213]. Lord of Sudely Castle and Toddington, Gloucestershire. The 1130 Pipe Roll records "Johs de Sulleia" accounting for his (unnamed) wife´s property in Gloucestershire[214].

- SUDELEY.

4. ALEXANDER de Ewias . "Haraldus de Ewyas" donated "ecclesiam Sancti Michaelis de Ewyas…decimam de domino castelli de Ewyas…" to Gloucester St Peter, confirmed by "Roberto herede meo", by undated charter, witnessed by "Rogerus, Johannes, Alexander et Willelmus filii mei…"[215].

5. WILLIAM de Ewias . "Haraldus de Ewyas" donated "ecclesiam Sancti Michaelis de Ewyas…decimam de domino castelli de Ewyas…" to Gloucester St Peter, confirmed by "Roberto herede meo", by undated charter, witnessed by "Rogerus, Johannes, Alexander et Willelmus filii mei…"[216].

Chapter 6. FAMILY of HERBERT FitzHenry, the Chamberlain

1. HENRY . m ---. The name of Henry´s wife is not known. Henry & his wife had [two] children:

a) HERBERT FitzHenry (-1129). The primary source which confirms his parentage has not yet been identified.

- see below.

b) [STEPHEN .] m ---. The name of Stephen´s wife is not known. Stephen & his wife had [three] children:

i) RALPH FitzStephen (-after 1166). Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record that "Radulfus filius Stephani" held one knight´s fee from the bishop of Exeter in Devon[217].

ii) [WILLIAM FitzStephen (-after 1166). Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record that "Willelmus filius Stephani" held one knight´s fee from "Roberti filii Regis" and half a knight´s fee from "Willelmi de Tracy", both in Devon[218].]

iii) [ARCHIBALD FitzStephen (-after 1166). Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record that "Archebaldus filius Stephani" held three parts of one knight´s fee from "Warini de Aula" in Devon[219].]

HERBERT FitzHenry, son of HENRY & his wife --- (-1130). The primary source which confirms his parentage has not yet been identified. Chamberlain of Henry I King of England from 1101. "…Herbertus regis camerarius…" subscribed a charter dated Sep 1101 under which Bishop Herbert donated property to Norwich priory[220]. The Hyde Register lists "Herbertus camerarius, Arnulfus filius eius, Emma uxor eius" immediately after the names of King Henry I and his first wife[221]. An undated charter of Thomas Archbishop of York records that "domino Herberto Camerario et filio eius" were enfeoffed with "Laudesbrough, cum Tolethorpe, Wiverthorpe cum Helperthorp et duabus Luttunis in Turgisleby" and other properties in Yorkshire and in Gloucestershire, witnessed by "…Herbertus filius…"[222]. The 1130 Pipe Roll records "Herb Camer" in Bedfordshire and Warwickshire[223]. As his son appears in the same source holding lands of his father, it is assumed that Herbert FitzHenry died during the course of that year.

m EMMA, daughter of ---. The Hyde Register lists "Herbertus camerarius, Arnulfus filius eius, Emma uxor eius" immediately after the names of King Henry I and his first wife[224]. Secondary sources state that she was Emma de Blois, illegitimate daughter of Etienne Comte de Blois & his mistress ---. This is presumably based on the Chronicle of Meaux, in Yorkshire, which names "comitis --- Herberti filius, ex Emma sorore regis Anglorum Stephani progenitus"[225]. As this source is dated to [1394/1400], it is unlikely to be conclusive in relation to events which occurred 250 years earlier in the absence of other corroborative evidence. Eyton includes no reference to any wife of Herbert FitzHenry in his article on the barony of FitzHerbert[226]. Until further evidence comes to light, it is suggested that the information be considered with caution. If it is correct, the chronology of the FitzHerbert family dictates that Emma must have been born while her supposed father was still young, maybe even before his marriage to Adela of Normandy in 1080.

Herbert & his wife had six children:

1. ARNULF . The Hyde Register lists "Herbertus camerarius, Arnulfus filius eius, Emma uxor eius" immediately after the names of King Henry I and his first wife[227].

2. RICHARD . The Descriptio militum de Abbatia de Burgo records "Ricardus filius Hereberti Camerarii" with "feodum dimidii militis" held from "abbatia de Burch" [in Hampshire][228].

3. HERBERT FitzHerbert [I] (-[before 1155]). The 1130 Pipe Roll records "Herbt fil Herbti Camer…tra patis sui" in Hampshire[229]. An undated charter of Thomas Archbishop of York records that "domino Herberto Camerario et filio eius" were enfeoffed with "Laudesbrough, cum Tolethorpe, Wiverthorpe cum Helperthorp et duabus Luttunis in Turgisleby" and other properties in Yorkshire and in Gloucestershire, witnessed by "…Herbertus filius…"[230]. "…Hereberto filio Hereberti…" subscribed a charter of Renaud Earl of Cornwall which names "matertere mee Aliz Corbet"[231]. m ([1115/25]) SIBYL Corbet Lady of Alcester and Pontesbury, formerly mistress of HENRY I King of England, daughter of ROBERT Corbet of Alcester, co Warwick & his wife --- ([1090/95]-after 1157). The Complete Peerage deduces her parentage, relationship with King Henry, and her subsequent marriage from a charter, dated to [1163/75], of her son "Reginaldus, Henrici Regis filius, comes Cornubiæ" by which he granted property to "Willielmo de Boterell, filio Aliziæ Corbet, materteræ meæ" which he had granted to "Willielmo de Boterells in Cornubia, patri…predicti Willielmi" on his marriage, witnessed by "Nicholao filio meo…Herberto filio Herberti, Baldwino et Ricardo nepotibus meis, Willelmo de Vernun, Willielmo fratre meo…Hugone de Dunstanvill…"[232]. The [1125/35] birth date range estimated for her son Herbert, born from this marriage, suggests that she married after her relationship with the king. The Pipe Roll of 1157 records a payment to "the mother of Earl Reginald" from an estate at Mienes, Sussex[233]. Herbert & his wife had [four] children:

a) ROBERT FitzHerbert (-before 1165). Henry II King of England restored properties of "Roberto filio Hereberti Camerarii", held by "pater suus vel avus suus", by charter dated to [Feb/Mar] 1155, witnessed by "…Rainaldo comite Cornubie…Johanne Marescallo"[234]. Chamberlain of King Henry II. The Red Book of the Exchequer refers to "Robertus filius Herberti v m ii milites et dimidium" in Wiltshire in [1160/61] and [1161/62][235]. [The 1176/77 Pipe Roll names "Robertus filius Herberti" in Hampshire[236].]

b) HERBERT FitzHerbert [II] ([1125/35]-before 18 Jul 1204). “Willelmus filius Hugonis de Bridssale” donated property “de feudo Herberti filii Herberti” to Watton convent by charter dated to [1175/95][237]. His birth date range is estimated based on the latest birth date of his wife, bearing in mind the probable date of birth of his half-brother Renaud Earl of Cornwall and his own date of death.

- see below.

c) HENRY FitzHerbert (-after 1171). The Red Book of the Exchequer refers to "Henricus filius Herberti v m ii milites et dimidium" in Wiltshire in [1160/61][238]. The Red Book of the Exchequer refers to "Henricus filius Herberti xx s" in Wiltshire in [1171/72][239].

d) [WILLIAM (-after 1187). "…Herberto filio Herberti…Willielmo fratre meo…" subscribed the charter, dated to [1163/75], under which "Reginaldus, Henrici Regis filius, comes Cornubiæ" granted property to "Willielmo de Boterell, filio Aliziæ Corbet, materteræ meæ" which he had granted to "Willielmo de Boterells in Cornubia, patri…predicti Willielmi" on his marriage[240]. Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record that "Willelmus frater comitis Reginaldi" held half of one knight´s fee from "Roberti filii Regis" in Devon[241]. Benedict of Peterborough records that Henry II King of England granted the kingdom of Limerick to "Hereberti filio Hereberti, et Willelmo fratri comitis Reginaldi, et Joellano de la Pumerai nepoti eorum" at a council in Oxford in May 1177, but that "Herbertus et Willelmus, fratres Reginaldi comitis Cornubiæ, et Joellanus de Pumeria nepos eorum" declined it at a council at Marlborough 3 Jun 1177[242]. None of the primary sources so far consulted conclusively indicates whether William was the full brother of Earl Renaud or his half-brother by their mother´s marriage to Herbert FitzHerbert. However, the order in which the individuals are named in the documents quoted above suggests that William was younger than Herbert, in which case it is more likely that he was the uterine brother of the earl. The question has been confused by the possible co-identity between William, brother of Earl Renaud, and Willliam brother of Sibyl Queen of Scotland. However, as discussed in the document ENGLAND KINGS 1066-1603, the chronology is unfavourable for this co-identity to be correct. Henry II King of England confirmed the possessions of the abbey of la Trinité de Caen, including the donation by "Willelmi filii Herberti" of "decimam…in Willun", by charter dated to [1180/82][243]. m ALICE, daughter of ---. "Willelmus de Marisco frater Reginaldi comitis Cornubie" names his wife Alice in a charter[244].]

e) [ROHESE (-1176). The parentage of Rohese is uncertain. Renaud Earl of Cornwall granted Roseworthy manor in Cornwall to his sister "Rohesia de Pomeria" in a charter[245]. The wife of Henry de la Pomerai was either Rohese, illegitimate daughter of Henry I King of England & his mistress Sibyl Corbet, or Sibyl´s daughter by her husband Herbert FitzHerbert. m HENRY de la Pomerai, son of JOSCELIN de la Pomerai & his wife Emma --- (-[1156/64]).]

4. WILLIAM FitzHerbert (-8 Jun 1154). The 1130 Pipe Roll records "Willo fil Herb" in Wiltshire[246]. Stephen King of England granted property "ecclesiam de Wiverthorpe, ecclesiam de Laudesbrough et ecclesiam de Clera", held by "Herberti fratris eius", to "Willielmus thesaurarius Eborum, capellanus meus"[247]. Archbishop of York 1143-1153. Bishop of Durham 1153-1154. John of Fordun´s Scotichronicon (Continuator) records the death in 1154 "infra ablutiones liquore lethali infectus" of "Willelmus Cumyn Eboracensis archiepiscopus"[248].

5. daughter . The 1130 Pipe Roll records "Robt de Venuiz…p filia Herbt Camer cu dote sua" in Hampshire[249], which suggests that the marriage had been recent. m ([1129/30]) ROBERT de Venuiz, son of ---.

6. daughter . The 1130 Pipe Roll records "Wills Croc…p filia Herb Camer cu maritag suo" in Berkshire[250], which suggests that the marriage had been recent. m ([1129/30]) WILLIAM Croc, son of ---.

1. [HERBERT (-[1160]). Chamberlain of David I King of Scotland and of Malcolm IV King of Scotland. He is first recorded as chamberlain in a charter dated to [1126] under which King David granted privileges to the church of St Andrews, witnessed by "Herberto camerario"[251].] m ([1130/35]) MILLICENT, niece of William Turniant, daughter of ---. A charter of King John includes a notice that King Henry I granted "Millicent niece of William Turniant, with the land of William and Richard his brother, and of Osbert the sheriff their father, including Marston [co. Lincs]" to "Herbert the chamberlain", dated to [1130/35][252]. The husband of Millicent has been identified as Herbert the Chamberlain of Scotland[253]. If the grant is correctly dated, "Herbert the chamberlain" could not have been Herbert FitzHenry who died in 1129. It could not have been his son Herbert FitzHerbert either, as he was already then married to his wife Sibyl who survived him. Herbert & his wife had one child:

a) STEPHEN FitzHerbert (-after 1190). “Stephanus filius Herberti camerarii regis Stephani” confirmed a donation to St Mary, Thornton by charter dated to [1154/70][254]. Chamberlain of Malcolm IV King of Scotland: "Stephanus filius Hereberti camerarii regis Scotie" confirmed a donation to Kirkstead abbey by "Gregorius" by charter dated 31 Jan 1160[255]. "…Stephano filio camerarii" witnessed the charter dated 1163 under which "[Rodbertus] Marmiun" donated land in Roughton to Kirkstead abbey[256]. “Stephanus filius Herberti camerarii” made a return of knights´ fees dated 1166[257]. The Red Book of the Exchequer refers to "Stephanus filius Herberti Camerarii xvi s vii d" in Yorkshire in [1167/68][258]. The Red Book of the Exchequer refers to "Stephanus filius Herberti xxiv s iv d, de novo xx s" in Yorkshire in [1171/72][259]. The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1190/91], records "Stephanus filius Herberti" paying "xi s viii d" in Yorkshire[260]. m ---. The name of Stephen´s wife is not known. Stephen & his wife had [five] children:

i) RALPH FitzStephen (-before 1 Feb 1222). His parentage is confirmed by the Rotuli de Dominabus of 1185 which refers to “uxoris Radulfi filii Stephani, Cambellani domini regis…”, adding that the land held by her mother was “de baronia Radulfi filii Stephani”[261]. "…Radulfo filio Stephano camerario et Eustachio fratre suo" subscribed the charter dated to [Dec 1175/Mar 1182] under which Henry II King of England confirmed property granted to "Alexandro de Barentin" by "Ricardi Pictaviensis archidiaconi et Herberti filii sui"[262]. The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1190/91], records "Radulphus filius Stephani" paying "x s, i militem" in Gloucestershire[263]. The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1194/95], names "Radulfi filius Stephani" paying "xx s, i militem" in Gloucestershire[264]. The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Radulfus filius Stephani" holding half of one knight´s fee in "Stevening" in Lincolnshire in [1210/12][265]. "Richard of Gloucester" paid homage to the king "as the nearest heir of Ralph son of Stephen for the manor of Winterbourne which Matilda de Caux held in dower", dated 9 May 1225[266]. m firstly ---. The name of Ralph´s wife is not known. m secondly (1185) as her second husband, MATILDA de Cauz, widow of ADAM FitzPeter Lord of Birkyn, daughter of ROBERT de Cauz & his wife Sibyl Basset (-before 14 May 1224). Her parentage is confirmed by the Rotuli de Dominabus of 1185 which records “terra eius in Riscinton” held by “uxor que fuit Roberti de Caux et mater uxoris Radulfi filii Stephani, Cambellani domini regis, filia Ricardi Basset et soror Willelmi Basset…L annorum et amplius”, adding that the land was “de baronia Radulfi filii Stephani”[267]. An order dated 14 May 1224 confiscated "all land formerly of Matilda de Caux, who was the wife of Ralph son of Stephen, who is dead"[268]. "John of Birkin, heir of Matilda de Caux" made a fine for "his relief of the lands formerly of Matilda…custody of the forest of Nottinghamshire and Derbyshire", dated 25 May 1224[269]. Ralph & his first wife had one child:

(a) RALPH (-[1 Feb 1222/1225]). The primary source which confirms his parentage has not yet been identified.

ii) EUSTACE (-after 1201). "…Radulfo filio Stephano camerario et Eustachio fratre suo" subscribed the charter dated to [Dec 1175/Mar 1182] under which Henry II King of England confirmed property granted to "Alexandro de Barentin" by "Ricardi Pictaviensis archidiaconi et Herberti filii sui"[270]. m ---. The name of Eustace´s wife is not known. Eustace & his wife had one child:

(a) THOMAS FitzEustace (-[Jun 1222/22 Feb 1223]). m (1201) as her first husband, JOAN Noel, daughter of THOMAS Noel of Ellenhall, Staffordshire & his wife Margaret Lestrange (-after 1235). "Thom Noel" paid a fine for the marriage of "filia sua juniore…filio Eustac fil Steph" in Shropshire, and "Will de Harcurt" paid a fine to marry "filia primogenita predicti Thomæ" in Leicestershire, dated 1201[271]. She married secondly Alexander Bacon. "Johanna Noel uxor quondam Alexandri Bacun" donated property to "Ricardo vicario de Chesworthyn" by undated charter[272].

iii) ROBERT . "Robertus filius Stephani camerarii" confirmed a donation to Kirkstead abbey of property in Swinethorpe by charter dated to the late 12th century witnessed by "…Roberto filio Roberti de Tatersala…"[273].

iv) [HUGH FitzStephen (-after 1190). The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1190/91], records "Hugo filius Stephani" paying "x s… i militem" in Essex, Hertfordshire[274].]

v) [HUBERT FitzStephen (-after 1194). The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1194/95], records "Hubertus filius Stephani, camer[arii]" paying "xxiii s iv d" in Yorkshire[275].]

vi) [daughter . The precise relationship between Ralph FitzStephen and Richard of Gloucester has not yet been traced, but it is possible that Richard´s mother or grandmother was Ralph´s sister.] m ---. One child:

(a) RICHARD of Gloucester (-after May 1225). "Richard of Gloucester" paid homage to the king "as the nearest heir of Ralph son of Stephen for the manor of Winterbourne which Matilda de Caux held in dower", and which Richard had given to "Richard Walensis", dated 9 May 1225[276].

1. HENRY FitzHerbert . There is no indication of the exact relationship between Henry FitzHerbert and the FitzHerbert family in the extracts of sources quoted below, but the son of Herbert FitzHerbert [I] is the only person of this name who has so far been identified in the primary sources consulted. The dating of the 1201 charter of his grandson indicates that this relationship is possible from a chronological point of view. m NICOLE, daughter of ---. "Nicole veuve de Henry Fitz-Herbert" donated property to the abbey of Ardennes, Calvados, by undated charter[277]. Henry & his wife had two children:

a) HENRY . "Henry fils de Henry Fitz-Herbert" donated rights his property at "Caen" to the abbey of Ardennes, Calvados, by undated charter[278].

b) RICHARD . His parentage is confirmed by the undated charter under which his son "Henry fils de Richard fils de Henry Fitz-Herbert" donated rights in his property at "Venoix" to the abbey of Ardennes, Calvados[279]. m PETRONILLE, daughter of --- (-after 1218). "Pétronille femme de Richard fils de Henry Fitz Herbert" donated revenue from her house at Caen to the abbey of Ardennes, Calvados, by charter dated 1218[280]. Richard & his wife had one child:

i) HENRY . "Henry fils de Richard fils de Henry Fitz-Herbert" donated rights in his property at "Venoix" to the abbey of Ardennes, Calvados, by undated charter[281]. "Henry Fitz Henry fils de Richard" donated property at "Venoix" to the abbey of Ardennes, Calvados, by charter dated 1201[282].

HERBERT FitzHerbert [II], son of HERBERT FitzHerbert [I] & his wife Sibyl Corbet ([1125/35]-before 18 Jul 1204). “Willelmus filius Hugonis de Bridssale” donated property “de feudo Herberti filii Herberti” to Watton convent by charter dated to [1175/95][283]. His birth date range is estimated based on the latest birth date of his wife, bearing in mind the probable date of birth of his half-brother Renaud Earl of Cornwall and his own date of death. The Red Book of the Exchequer refers to "Herbertus filius Herberti i m" in Wiltshire in [1161/62][284]. Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record that "Herbertus filius Herberti camerarii senioris" used to hold two knights` fees in Hampshire now held by "Herbertus filius eius"[285]. The 1176/77 Pipe Roll names "Herbertus filius Herberti" in Hampshire[286]. Benedict of Peterborough records that Henry II King of England granted the kingdom of Limerick to "Hereberti filio Hereberti, et Willelmo fratri comitis Reginaldi, et Joellano de la Pumerai nepoti eorum" at a council in Oxford in May 1177, but that "Herbertus et Willelmus, fratres Reginaldi comitis Cornubiæ, et Joellanus de Pumeria nepos eorum" declined it at a council at Marlborough 3 Jun 1177[287]. The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1190/91], records "Herbertus filius Herbertus" paying "xx s, ii milites" in Berkshire and "x s, i militem" in Wiltshire[288]. The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1194/95], names "Herbertus filius Herberti" paying "xxv s, i militem et tertiam" in Hampshire[289].

m LUCY of Hereford, daughter of MILES of Gloucester Earl of Hereford & his wife Sibylle de Neufmarché (before 1143-[1219/20] or after, bur Lanthony Priory, Gloucester). The Historia fundationis cum fundatoris genealogia of the priory of Abergavenny names “Margaretam, Bertam et Luciam” as the three daughters of “Milonem” & his wife, adding that Lucy married “Herberto filio Hereberti” and inherited “foresta de Dene et aliis terries in Anglia”[290]. King John confirmed the possessions of Lanthony abbey by charter dated 30 Jul 1199, including the donation of "duas partes de Onedesleye" made by "Margar de Bohun", in accordance with the division made "inter ipsam et Luciam sororem suam"[291]. The Testa de Nevill lists knights who held land from bishop of Worcester, whose assets had been confiscated by King John, dated to [1208/13]: "Henricus de Boun comes Herefordie et domina Lucia que fuit uxor Herberti filii Herberti" held "manerio in Suham et Brokhamt ii milites…in comitatu Glouc"[292]. A feodary of the bishop of Worcester´s estates drawn up in [1219/20] records that "Dame Lucia, widow of Herbert fitz Herbert" held shares in two Gloucestershire manors[293]. A manuscript in Aske´s collections names “Milo…Erle of Herforde, Lord of Bricone and of all the Forest of Done, and also Constable of England…Sibbill wiff of the seid Milo…Luce the third daughter of the seid Milo Erle…” among those buried at Lanthony Priory[294].

Herbert & his wife had two children:

1. REYNOLD FitzHerbert (-[1190/92]). The primary source which confirms his parentage has not yet been identified.

2. PIERS FitzHerbert of Blaen Llyfni (-1 Jul 1235, bur Reading). The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1194/95], records "Petrus filius Herberti" paying "xv s, iii partes [militis]" in Berkshire[295]. The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Petrus filius Herberti" holding one knight´s fee "Manekeford" in Wiltshire, and three in Yorkshire, in [1210/12][296]. The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Petrus filius Herberti et Willelmus de Boterellis" holding "tres partes" in Warwickshire in [1210/12][297]. Henry III King of England granted "terris Petri filii Herberti" to "fratri nostro Olivero filio Regis" dated 20 Mar 1217[298]. The Testa de Nevill includes a list of landholdings in Oxfordshire, dated 1219, which includes "Petrus filius Herberti" holding land "in Walinton…hundredo de Puritona"[299]. A letter of Henry III King of England to the bishop of Rochester, dated 13 Jun 1230, appointing him to make an assize of arms in Kent, names "Petrus filius Hereberti…Matthæus filius Hereberti" as those charged with a similar exercise in Berkshire and Wiltshire respectively[300]. The Annals of Tewkesbury record the death "Kal Jul" in 1235 of “Petrus filius Hereberti” and his burial at Reading[301]. m firstly (marriage settlement 28 Nov 1203) ALICE, daughter of ROBERT FitzRoger of Warkworth & his wife ---. The primary source which confirms her parentage and marriage has not yet been identified. m secondly as her second husband, ISABEL de Ferrers, widow of ROGER de Mortimer of Wigmore, daughter of WALKELIN de Ferrers & his wife --- (-before 29 Apr 1252, bur Lechlade). A manuscript narrating the foundation of Wigmore Abbey records that “Isabella…filia domini de Ferrers de Lechlade” was the second wife of “domini Rogeri”, adding that she became a nun “apud Lechelade” and was buried there[302]. “Rogerus de Mortuomari…et dominæ Isabellæ uxoris meæ” donated property to Kington St Michael by undated charter, witnessed by “Philippo de Mortuomari…”[303]. An order dated [Apr] 1225 delayed repayment from "Peter fitz Herbert and Isabella his wife" of a "debt of Henry de Ferrers brother of the same Isabella"[304]. King Henry III confirmed inheritance of property by "Henricus de Fraxneto" to "Petro filio Herberti et Isabelle uxori eius" dated [Jun] 1232[305]. Piers & his first wife had two children:

a) HERBERT FitzPiers of Blaen Llyfni (-before 27 May 1248). The primary source which confirms his parentage has not yet been identified.

b) REYNOLD FitzPiers (-4/5 May 1286). "Reginald son of Peter" was granted rights in "demesne lands in Lechamstede, co. Berks" dated 26 Sep 1257[306].

- see below.

3. MATTHEW FitzHerbert (-[13 Jun 1230/Feb 1231]). The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Mathaeus filius Herberti" holding one knight´s fee "Stoke" in Wiltshire, and one in Devonshire from "honor Gloucestriæ", in [1210/12][307]. A letter of Henry III King of England to the bishop of Rochester, dated 13 Jun 1230, appointing him to make an assize of arms in Kent, names "Petrus filius Hereberti…Matthæus filius Hereberti" as those charged with a similar exercise in Berkshire and Wiltshire respectively[308]. Matthew, his wife and descendants are shown by Eyton but the primary sources which confirm the information have not yet been identified[309]. m JOAN, daughter of --- (-after 1219). Bracton records a claim, dated 1219, by "Robertus filius Briani, Oliuerus Auenel, Gaufridus Talebot et Adam de Dornapetona" against "Matheum filium Hereberti et Johannam uxorem eius"[310]. Matthew & his wife had three children:

a) HERBERT FitzMatthew (-1245). "Herbert son of Matthew" was granted "the manor of Warblinton, late of Robert de Curcy" dated 10 Jun 1231[311]. "Herbert son of Matthew" was granted "a weekly market…at Emeleswurth…" dated 20 Apr 1239[312].

b) PETER FitzMatthew (-1255). Land recovered from "Peter son of Matthew" was regranted dated 18 Aug 1252[313].

c) JOHN FitzMatthew (-after Aug 1282). A debt of "Peter son of Matthew" was granted, to be received from "John son of Matthew brother and heir of the said Peter son of Matthew" dated 28 Dec 1256[314]. m ---. The name of John´s wife is not known. John & his wife had one child:

i) MATTHEW FitzJohn (-1309 or after). The primary source which confirms his parentage has not yet been identified. m ELEANOR, daughter of --- (-after 1316). The primary source which confirms her marriage has not yet been identified.

REYNOLD FitzPiers, son of PIERS FitzHerbert & his wife Alice --- (-4/5 May 1286). "Reginald son of Peter" was granted rights in "demesne lands in Lechamstede, co. Berks" dated 26 Sep 1257[315]. "P. de Monte Forti" wrote to Henry III King of England, dated to [Dec 1262], reporting that he "found the Welsh march in great confusion" and names "dominorum Humfridi de Boun, Reginaldi filii Petri…"[316]. The Chronicle of Peterborough names "dominus Reginaldus filius Petri" among those sent to fight Llywelyn Prince of Wales in 1282[317]. Eyton gives some details about his descendants in Shropshire[318].

m firstly ALICE, daughter of --- (-24 Aug 1265). The primary source which confirms her parentage and marriage has not yet been identified.

m secondly as her third husband, JEANNE de Vivonne, widow firstly of INGRAM de Percy of Dalton Percy and secondly of AIMERY [X] de Rochechouart, daughter of GUILLAUME de Vivonne "de Fortibus" & his wife Matilda de Ferrers ([1250/52]-1 Jun 1314[319]). The Chronicle of Tintern Abbey, Monmouthshire names "Johanna de Vynon, Cecilia de Bellocampo, Sibilla nupta Almarico de Archiaks in Piganra" as children of "Matilda de Kyme" third daughter of "Willielmo de Ferrers comiti Derbiæ" and his wife[320], although the other sources quoted below show that these children were born from Matilda´s second marriage not her third. Henry III King of England granted, 2 Aug 1259, "the wardship of the lands late of William de Fortibus" to "Ingram de Percy, Peter de Chauuvent and Imbert de Muntferaunt" and the marriages of the deceased´s four daughters, the eldest to Ingram[321]. The fact of her first marriage is confirmed by the grant, 10 Oct 1262, of the marriage of "the eldest daughter and one of the heirs of William de Fortibus, late the wife of Ingram de Percy" to Queen Eleanor[322]. Her second marriage is confirmed by the Somersetshire Pleas for 15 Jul 1269 which include a record that "Aunsell de Gurnay and his wife Sibyl" warranted "Emery de Roche Chaward, son of Emery de Roche Chaward, and Joan his wife, Sibyl, Mabel and Cecily, the daughters and heirs of William de Fortibus" relating to land in "Corfton"[323]. The absence of any further references to Jeanne with her second husband suggest that the marriage was dissolved or annulled soon afterwards. This is also suggested because there is no mention of Aimery´s two children in the documents relating to Jeanne´s inheritance, which would be appropriate if they were born from his otherwise unrecorded second marriage. Edward I King of England granted, 15 Dec 1290, "letters to Joan de Vivonia, going beyond the seas, nominating Henry de Somery and Roger de Essex her attorneys for one year"[324], which suggests that her second husband had died and that Jeanne had subsequently settled in England. Edward I King of England granted, 4 Jul 1300, a licence for "Joan, late the wife of Reginald son of Peter" to grant the manor of Chuyton to "Peter son of Reginald"[325]. Edward I King of England granted, 4 Jul 1300, a licence for "Joan, late the wife of Reginald son of Peter" to grant the manor of Chuyton ("being her share of the inheritance of William de Fortibus") to "Peter son of Reginald"[326]. Her parentage and third marriage are confirmed by, firstly, a licence granted by the sheriff of Bedford 10 Jun 1304 for "Joan, late the wife of Reginald son of Peter" to grant part of the manor of Luyton "being her purparty of the inheritance of Matilda de Kyme her mother" to "Reginald son of Peter", and a licence granted by the sheriff of Somerset 20 Jun 1304 for "Joan, late the wife of Reginald son of Peter" to grant part of the manor of Midsummer Norton "her purparty of the inheritance of William de Fortibus her father" to "Reginald son of Reginald"[327]. A licence dated 1 Oct 1310 permitted "Joan de Vivonia" to grant parts of the manor of Oarbry, Ireland to "Reginald son of Reginald"[328].

Reynold & his first wife had three children:

1. ALICE (-after 1305). A manuscript recording the founding of Boxgrove Priory, Sussex names "Alicia filia Reginaldi filii Petri" as the wife of “Johannem [de sancto Johanne]”[329]. m (before 29 Jun 1256) JOHN de St John, son of ROBERT de St John & his wife Agnes de Cantelou (-[20/29] Sep 1301).

2. JOHN FitzReynold ([1255/58]-before 10 Feb 1310). He was summoned to Parliament in 1299, whereby he is held to have become Lord FitzReynold. m AGNES, daughter of --- (-after 7 Nov 1312).

- LORDS FITZREYNOLD[330].

3. WALTER FitzReynold (-1278 or after). According to Eyton, he was named as "Portioner of Pontesbury" in [1277/78], but the primary source which confirms this information has not yet been identified[331].

Reynold & his second wife had four children:

4. PETER FitzReynold (-before 20 Sep 1326). A licence dated 18 Jul 1301, in consideration of a fine made by Peter son of Reginald, permitted "Joan late the wife of Reginald son of Peter" to grant the manor of Chuyton to "Master James de Mohun", except the hamlet of Midsummer Norton retained by Joan for life, with remainders to "the said Peter, Reginald son of Reginald, and William son of Reginald, his brothers, with reversion to the next heirs of Joan"[332]. A pardon was issued 12 Feb 1330 to "William de Bathon, clerk and John de Bathon" for acquiring land in Pridie and Chiweton from "Peter son of Reginald"[333]. According to Eyton, he was "reputed ancestor of the Fitzherbert family and of the earls of Pembroke", but the primary sources which confirm this information have not yet been identified[334].

5. REYNOLD FitzReynold (-[1 Oct 1310/20 Jan 1314]). A licence dated 18 Jul 1301, in consideration of a fine made by Peter son of Reginald, permitted "Joan late the wife of Reginald son of Peter" to grant the manor of Chuyton to "Master James de Mohun", except the hamlet of Midsummer Norton retained by Joan for life, with remainders to "the said Peter, Reginald son of Reginald, and William son of Reginald, his brothers, with reversion to the next heirs of Joan"[335]. A licence dated 3 Dec 1308 permitted "Aymer de Archiaco" to grant parts of the manors of Wolveton, Dorset, Midsummer Norton, Somerset, and Luton, Bedfordshire to "Joan de Vivonia and Reginald her son for their lives, with remainder to the latter´s son John"[336]. A licence dated 1 Oct 1310 permitted "Joan de Vivonia" to grant parts of the manor of Oarbry, Ireland to "Reginald son of Reginald"[337]. m ---. The name of Reynold´s wife is not known. Reynold & his wife had one child:

a) JOHN de Vivonne ([before 1295]-[20 Jan 1314/1 Jul 1315]). A licence dated 3 Dec 1308 permitted "Aymer de Archiaco" to grant parts of the manors of Wolveton, Dorset, Midsummer Norton, Somerset, and Luton, Bedfordshire to "Joan de Vivonia and Reginald her son for their lives, with remainder to the latter´s son John"[338]. A pardon was issued 20 Jan 1314 to "Hervey de Slaunton" for acquiring the manor of Littelhaghe, Suffolk from "John de Vivonia"[339]. m as her first husband, MARGERY, daughter of ---. A licence was granted 1 Jul 1315 for "Margery, late the wife of John de Vivonia" to marry whomsoever she will[340].

6. WILLIAM FitzReynold . A licence dated 18 Jul 1301, in consideration of a fine made by Peter son of Reginald, permitted "Joan late the wife of Reginald son of Peter" to grant the manor of Chuyton to "Master James de Mohun", except the hamlet of Midsummer Norton retained by Joan for life, with remainders to "the said Peter, Reginald son of Reginald, and William son of Reginald, his brothers, with reversion to the next heirs of Joan"[341].

7. BEATRICE FitzReynold (-after [1326]). "Beatrice de Vyvoyne of Winchester" petitioned the king [1326] to receive rent from "Hugh Poyns" for land in Chewton, Somerset, the right to which was granted to her by her mother "Joan de Vivoyne", and which was then in the king´s hands "by the minority of the heir" (from the context the heir of "Piers Fitz Renaud son and heir of Joan de Vyvonne")[342].

Chapter 7. FERRERS

WALKELIN de Ferrières, son of --- (-killed in battle [1040]). Guillaume de Jumièges names "Hugues de Montfort fils de Toustain" when recording that he fought Gauchelin de Ferrières and that both were killed in battle[343], dated to the early part of the reign of Guillaume II Duke of Normandy from the context of the passage.

m ---. The name of Walkelin's wife is not known.

Walkelin & his wife had one child:

1. HENRI de Ferrières (-[before 14 Sep] 1101, bur Tutbury). The Chronique de Normandie, based on le Roman de Rou, names "Henry seigneur de Ferrières" among those who took part in the conquest of England in 1066[344]. Orderic Vitalis records that the king granted “castrum Stutesburie quod Hugo de Abrincis prius tenuerat” to “Henrico Gualchelini de Ferrariis filio”[345]. Sire de Ferrières et de Chambrais, Normandy. King William I awarded him over 200 lordships, half in Derbyshire, together with the castle of Tutbury, Staffordshire (previously held by Hugues d'Avranches) which became his main seat[346]. “…Henrici de Ferrariis…” witnessed the charter dated 1082 under which William I King of England granted land at Covenham to the church of St Calais[347]. “Henricus de Ferrariis” founded a church “apud castellum meum Tuttesbury”, for the souls of “…uxoris mee Berte et filiorum meorum Engenulphi W, Roberti ac filiarum mearum…”[348]. m BERTA, daughter of ---. “Henricus de Ferrariis” founded a church “apud castellum meum Tuttesbury”, for the souls of “…uxoris mee Berte et filiorum meorum Engenulphi W, Roberti ac filiarum mearum…”[349]. Domesday Descendants speculates that she was a member of the Laigle family based on the couple naming one of their sons Ingenulf[350], although it is not clear that this family used this name exclusively. Henri & his wife had four children:

a) INGENULF [Guillaume] de Ferrers (-after 14 Sep 1101). “Henricus de Ferrariis” founded a church “apud castellum meum Tuttesbury”, for the souls of “…uxoris mee Berte et filiorum meorum Engenulphi W, Roberti ac filiarum mearum…”[351]. "…Guillaume de Ferrières…" witnessed the undated charter under which Robert III Duke of Normandy donated property to Saint-Etienne de Caen[352]. "…Engennulfi de Ferr…" subscribed a charter dated 14 Sep 1101 under which Henry I King of England donated property to Bath St Peter[353]. m ---. The name of Ingenulf's wife is not known. Ingenulf & his wife had one child:

- see below.

b) ROBERT Ferrers (-1139). “Henricus de Ferrariis” founded a church “apud castellum meum Tuttesbury”, for the souls of “…uxoris mee Berte et filiorum meorum Engenulphi W, Roberti ac filiarum mearum…”[354]. He succeeded his father in 1101 in the greater part of his English possessions. “Robertus comes de Ferrariis” donated property to Tutbury Priory by undated charter after succeeding “in hereditatem bonæ memoriæ Henrici patris mei”[355]. The 1130 Pipe Roll records "Robt de Ferrar" in Nottinghamshire, Derbyshire in respect of "Werchesworda"[356]. He was created Earl of Derby in 1138.

- EARLS of DERBY.

c) AMICE de Ferrers (-6 Sep ----[357]). “Robertus comes junior de Ferariis” confirmed donations to Tutbury by “avus meus Henricus…Egenulfus patruus meus…Robertus pater meus”, naming “Nigellus de Albiniaco et Amicia filia avi mei”[358]. m NIGEL de Albini of Cainhoe, son of GUILLAUME Seigneur d'Aubigny & his wife --- (-[1100]).

d) daughter(s) . The fact that Henri had more than one daughter is shown by the charter under which “Henricus de Ferrariis” founded a church “apud castellum meum Tuttesbury”, for the souls of “…uxoris mee Berte et filiorum meorum Engenulphi W, Roberti ac filiarum mearum…”[359].

INGENULF [Guillaume] de Ferrers, son of HENRI de Ferrières & his wife Berta --- (-after 14 Sep 1101). “Henricus de Ferrariis” founded a church “apud castellum meum Tuttesbury”, for the souls of “…uxoris mee Berte et filiorum meorum Engenulphi W, Roberti ac filiarum mearum…”[360]. "…Guillaume de Ferrières…" witnessed the undated charter under which Robert III Duke of Normandy donated property to Saint-Etienne de Caen[361]. "…Engennulfi de Ferr…" subscribed a charter dated 14 Sep 1101 under which Henry I King of England donated property to Bath St Peter[362].

m ---. The name of Ingenulf's wife is not known.

Ingenulf & his wife had one child:

1. [HENRY de Ferrers (-after 1136). The primary source which confirms his parentage has not yet been identified. Domesday Descendants comments that he was "probably son of Ingenulf…since [he] is frequently remembered in the Ferrers confirmations for Tutbury"[363], implying that no proof of his parentage exists. The corresponding charters have not been identified in the selection of Tutbury charters included in Dugdale´s Monasticon[364]. The Complete Peerage cites a manuscript transcript of the Tutbury cartulary but this has not been consulted[365]. The 1130 Pipe Roll records "Henr de Ferrar" in Nottinghamshire, Derbyshire[366]. He held land at Lechlade, Gloucestershire and Oakham, Rutland [367].] m ---. The name of Henry's wife is not known. Henry & his wife had one child:

a) WALKELIN [Walchelin] de Ferrers (-after [1182/89]). The primary source which confirms his parentage has not yet been identified. The Red Book of the Exchequer records enfeoffments in the duchy of Normandy in [1172], "Wakelinus de Ferariis" with 5 knights and 42 knights in his own service[368]. "…Walchelino de Ferrariis…" subscribed the charter dated to [1182/89] under which Henry II King of England confirmed the possessions of the abbey of Barbery[369]. m ---. The name of Walkelin's wife is not known. Walkelin & his wife had three children:

i) HENRI de Ferrers (-after 1202). The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1194/95], records "Henricus de Ferrariis" paying "iv xx xii l [=92?] xv s viii d" in Devonshire[370]. Seigneur de Chambrais 1202. He was ancestor of the Seigneurs de Ferrières et de Chambrais in Normandy, extinct in the male line in 1502[371].

ii) HUGH de Ferrers of Lechlade (-1204). "Ysabell de Mortuomar" paid a fine for "seisina manerioris de Lichelad et de Langebg q fuerunt Hug de Ferr fratris sui de dono Walkeln patris eorum" in Gloucestershire, dated 1204[372]. m (1197 or after) as her first husband, MARGERY de Say, daughter and heiress of HUGH [II] de Say of Richard's Castle & his wife Mabel --- ([1190/96]-1230). She married secondly Robert de Mortimer. Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166 (but added later), record that "Robertus de Mortuo mari" held 23 knights´ fees "in honore Castelli Ricardi" with "filia Hugonis de Say hærede Osberti filii Hugonis" in Herefordshire[373]. She married thirdly (Royal licence 23 Nov 1219) William de Stuteville. Henry III King of England consented to the marriage of "Margaretam que fuit uxor Roberti de Mortuo Mari" and "Willelmus de Stutevill" dated 23 Nov 1219[374].

iii) ISABEL de Ferrers (-before 29 Apr 1252, bur Lechlade). A manuscript narrating the foundation of Wigmore Abbey records that “Isabella…filia domini de Ferrers de Lechlade” was the second wife of “domini Rogeri”, adding that she became a nun “apud Lechelade” and was buried there[375]. “Rogerus de Mortuomari…et dominæ Isabellæ uxoris meæ” donated property to Kington St Michael by undated charter, witnessed by “Philippo de Mortuomari…”[376]. She inherited Lechlade and Oakham, lost by her older brother when Normandy was conquered by the French in 1204[377]. "Ysabell de Mortuomar" paid a fine for "seisina manerioris de Lichelad et de Langebg q fuerunt Hug de Ferr fratris sui de dono Walkeln patris eorum" in Gloucestershire, dated 1204[378]. The Testa de Nevill lists knights who held land in Gloucestershire, dated to [1211/13]: "Rogerus de Mortuo Mari" held "Lechelad et Langeleg de hereditate uxoris sue"[379]. An order dated [Apr] 1225 delayed repayment from "Peter fitz Herbert and Isabella his wife" of a "debt of Henry de Ferrers brother of the same Isabella"[380]. "Dominum Willelmum de Bello Campo, vicecomitem Wygorn et Isabellam uxorem eius" granted "totam terram suam…in Uplodecoumbe" to "dominam Isabellam de Mortuo Mare" by charter dated [24 Jun 1250], witnessed by "…domino Jacobo de Bello Campo…"[381]. m firstly [as his second wife,] ROGER de Mortimer, son of HUGH de Mortimer & his wife Maud Meschin of Skipton-in-Craven [Chester] (-before 19 Aug 1214, bur Wigmore). m secondly as his second wife, PIERS FitzHerbert of Blaen Llyfni, son of HERBERT FitzHerbert & his wife Lucy of Hereford (-1 Jul 1235, bur Reading).

Chapter 8. FITZERNEIS

Vautier suggests that part of the seigneurie de Fontenay was transferred to the FitzErneis family from the Marmion family with the marriage of Gersende Marmion, daughter of Robert Marmion [I], to Robert [II] FitzErneis[382].

ROBERT [I] FitzErneis, son of ERNEIS [Taisson] & his wife --- (-killed in battle Hastings 17 Oct 1066). The Chronique de Normandie, based on le Roman de Rou, records that King Harold II was killed at Hastings by "un chevalier…Robert fils Herveis"[383]. He is named in a charter dated 1217 under which "Robertus filius Erneisi sextus" confirmed donations to Fontenay by "antecessore meo bonæ memoriæ Roberto filio Erneisi secundo", which quotes the donation by "Robertus pater meus" for the soul of "uxoris suæ Hacintæ" and comments that "patre meo in Anglia occiso"[384].

m [HACINTA, daughter of ---. She is named in a charter dated 1217 under which "Robertus filius Erneisi sextus" confirmed donations to Fontenay by "antecessore meo bonæ memoriæ Roberto filio Erneisi secundo", which quotes the donation by "Robertus pater meus" for the soul of "uxoris suæ Hacintæ"[385]. However, the apparent clarity of this statement is confused by an earlier passage which records the original donation by "Robertus filius Erneisi, filii Radulphi Andegavensis et Alpaidis…et filius Hacintæ sororis antiqui Fulconis de Alnon". The latter text refers to Robert [I] FitzErneis. The strict conclusion from the two passages is that both Erneis and his son Robert [I] FitzErneis were married to persons named Hacinta. However, this appears to be a strange coincidence. It is possible that there is some confusion in the wording of the charter and that only either Erneis or Robert [I] was married to a wife named Hacinta.]

Robert [I] & his wife had one child:

1. ROBERT [II] FitzErneis (-after 1091). He is named in a charter dated 1217 under which "Robertus filius Erneisi sextus" confirmed donations to Fontenay by "antecessore meo bonæ memoriæ Roberto filio Erneisi secundo", which quotes the donation by "Robertus…et Gersendis uxor mea filia Roberti Marmionis"[386]. Vaultier dates this donation quoted in the charter to after 1087[387]. "…Rotberti de Belmont, Rodulfi de Bec, Willelmi filii Girardi, Rogerii fratris Rodulfi, Gisleberti Crispini, Rotberti filii Alvuardi, Rotberti Marmion, Rodulfi Taisson, Rotberti Herneis, Ricardi de Baiocas…" witnessed the donation of "decimam Ansfredi Villæ" to Sainte-Trinité de Rouen by "Gernagois et Albereda uxor eius, cum filiis suis Willelmo et Rotberto" by charter dated 1091[388]. m ([before 1087]) GERSENDE Marmion, daughter of ROBERT [I] Marmion & his wife Hawise ---. She is named in a charter dated 1217 under which "Robertus filius Erneisi sextus" confirmed donations to Fontenay by "antecessore meo bonæ memoriæ Roberto filio Erneisi secundo", which quotes the donation by "Robertus…et Gersendis uxor mea filia Roberti Marmionis"[389]. Robert [II] & his wife had [two] children:

a) ROBERT [III] FitzErneis ([1080/1100]-killed in battle Audrieu). The 1130 Pipe Roll records "Robt fil Ernuceon" in London[390]. Henry II King of England confirmed the property of Savigny abbey, including the donation by "Roberti filii Ernesii" of "terram de Basenvilla", by charter dated to [1156/58][391]. He is named in a charter dated 1217 under which "Robertus filius Erneisi sextus" confirmed donations to Fontenay by "antecessore meo bonæ memoriæ Roberto filio Erneisi secundo", which records the donation by "Roberti filii Erneisi tertii, qui occisus fuit apud Audreium"[392]. [Henry II King of England confirmed the possessions of the abbey of Barbery, including donations by "Roberti filii Erneis, nepotis Willelmi de Curceio", by charter dated to [1182/89][393]. It has not yet been ascertained which of the Robert FitzErneis was related to Guillaume de Courcy (either Guillaume [I] or Guillaume [II], see above), presumably through his mother assuming that "nepotis" can be interpreted as nephew or grandson in this document.] m ADELICIA, daughter of ---. A charter dated 1217, under which "Robertus filius Erneisi sextus" confirmed donations to Fontenay by his predecessors (expanded version), records that "avus meus Robertus filius Erneisi quartus" donated property for the soul of "matris suæ Adeliciæ"[394]. Robert [III] & his wife had one child:

i) ROBERT [IV] Fitz Erneis ([1110/20]-). He is named in a charter dated 1217 under which "Robertus filius Erneisi sextus" confirmed donations to Fontenay by "antecessore meo bonæ memoriæ Roberto filio Erneisi secundo", which records the donation by "Roberti filii Erneisi tertii, qui occisus fuit apud Audreium" and by "avus meus Robertus filius Erneisi quartus"[395]. The document does not specify that Robert [IV] was the son of Robert [III], but the point is clarified in another expanded version of the same charter dated 1217 which in addition records the donations by "Roberti filii Erneisi tertii" and immediately afterwards by "avus meus Robertus filius Erneisi quartus" for the soul of "eiusdem patris sui"[396].

- see below.

b) [WARNER [FitzErneis] (-after 1129). The 1130 Pipe Roll records "Warner fil Ern" in Dorsetshire, Wiltshire (three entries)[397].]

1. ADAM FitzErneis (-after [1150/60]). "…Adam filio Ernis…" witnessed the charter dated to [1150/60] under which "Gillebertus de Nouila" donated land in Great Sturton to Kirkstead abbey[398].

2. ROGER FitzErneis . "…Rogero filio Ernisii…" witnessed the charter dated to the reign of King Henry II under which "Bertram de Verdum" granted land at Long Whatton, Leicestershire to "Wauchelino filio Baldewini et Aeliz uxori sue", which was held by "mater uxoris predicti Walchelini" during the reign of King Henry I[399].

ROBERT [IV] Fitz Erneis, son of ROBERT [III] FitzErneis & his wife Adelicia --- ([1110/20]-). He is named in a charter dated 1217 under which "Robertus filius Erneisi sextus" confirmed donations to Fontenay by "antecessore meo bonæ memoriæ Roberto filio Erneisi secundo", which records the donation by "Roberti filii Erneisi tertii, qui occisus fuit apud Audreium" and by "avus meus Robertus filius Erneisi quartus"[400]. The document does not specify that Robert [IV] was the son of Robert [III], but the point is clarified in another expanded version of the same charter dated 1217 which in addition records the donations by "Roberti filii Erneisi tertii" and immediately afterwards by "avus meus Robertus filius Erneisi quartus" for the soul of "eiusdem patris sui"[401].

m ROHESE de Courcy, daughter of ---. She is named in a charter dated 1217 under which "Robertus filius Erneisi sextus" confirmed donations to Fontenay by "antecessore meo bonæ memoriæ Roberto filio Erneisi secundo", which records the donation by "patris meæ laudabilis memoriæ Roberti filii Erneisi quinti" of "in territorio de Barnevilla acram sancti Richerii et in territorio de Fontaneto" for the soul of "matris suæ Rohasiæ de Corceio"[402].

Robert [IV] & his wife had two children:

1. ROBERT [V] FitzErneis ([1135/45]-). He is named in a charter dated 1217 under which "Robertus filius Erneisi sextus" confirmed donations to Fontenay by "antecessore meo bonæ memoriæ Roberto filio Erneisi secundo", which records the donation by "Roberti filii Erneisi tertii, qui occisus fuit apud Audreium" and by "patris meæ laudabilis memoriæ Roberti filii Erneisi quinti" of "in territorio de Barnevilla acram sancti Richerii et in territorio de Fontaneto" for the soul of "matris suæ Rohasiæ de Corceio"[403]. m ---. The name of Robert´s wife is not known. Robert & his wife had two children:

a) ROBERT [VI] FitzErneis ([1160/70]-before [1220]). The 1194/95 Pipe Roll records "Robertus f Ærnisi…pro habenda terra que fuit Eudonis f Ærnisi avunculi sui cuius heres ipse est" in Essex & Hertfordshire[404]. "Robertus filius Erneisi sextus" confirmed donations to Fontenay by "antecessore meo bonæ memoriæ Roberto filio Erneisi secundo" by charter dated 1217[405]. m ([1180/90]) HELIE [Ela] d'Alençon, daughter of JEAN [I] Comte d'Alençon & his wife Beatrix de Maine [Anjou] (-after May 1233). Her parentage and marriage are indicated by three charters read together. “Hemericus vicecomes Castri-Eraudi, Ala uxor quondam Roberti filii Ernesii, et Robertus Malet" relinquished "castrum de Esseio" in return for "terram et redditus apud Escocheium" by charter dated to [1220][406]. The family relationship between the three participants is explained in another charter dated to [1220] which records that “Hemerico vicecomiti Castri-Eraudi, Alæ uxori Roberti Ernesii et Roberto Malet, Roberti comitis Alenconii heredibus" assigned property for "castri de Esseio"[407]. “Hemericus vicecomes Castri-Eraudi et Hela soror Roberti quondam comitis de Alencon et Robertus Malet" relinquished "forestam…Escoves et hayam de Ferraria et forestam de Chaumont et forestam de Ruppe-Heolydis, usque in Sarton…de dominio de Alenconio" by charter dated Jan 1220 (probably O.S.)[408].

b) PHILIPPINE . Vaultier records that "Philippine Fitz Erneiz, sœur et unique héritière de Robert VI" married "Philippe de Tournebu" in [1190][409]. m ([1190]) PHILIPPE de Tournebu, son of ---.

2. EUDES FitzErneis (-before 1195). Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record that "Eudo filius Ernisi" held one knight´s fee from "Willelmi filii Alani" in Shropshire[410]. The Red Book of the Exchequer records enfeoffments in the duchy of Normandy in [1172], "Eudo filius Ernisii" with "servitium corporis sui" and two knights and parts in his own service[411]. The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1190/91], records "honor Piperelli de Londonia" paying "li milites et vi pars…in diversis comitatibus", of which "in perdonis…Eudoni filio Ernisii, xx s", in Essex, Hertfordshire[412]. The 1194/95 Pipe Roll records "Robertus f Ærnisi…pro habenda terra que fuit Eudonis f Ærnisi avunculi sui cuius heres ipse est" in Essex & Hertfordshire[413].

1. WILLIAM FitzErneis (-1178). The 1169/70 Pipe Roll records "Wills fil Ernisi" owing ".c. s p recto de tra aui sui, p pleg Thome fil Rob" in Yorkshire[414]. A charter dated 1217, under which "Robertus filius Erneisi sextus" confirmed donations to Fontenay by his predecessors (expanded version), confirms the donation of "supra Bellum-montem…septem acras terræ" made by "Willelmi de Villariis" for the soul of "Willelmi filii Erneisi"[415]. m as her first husband, NICOLE de la Haye, daughter of RICHARD de la Haye & his wife Mathilde [de Vernon] (-Nov 1230). She married secondly Gerard de Camville. William & his wife had one child:

a) daughter . Her parentage is confirmed by the order dated 1200 under which "Rob de Meisy" paid a fine to marry "filia filie Nicolæ ux Gerarld de Canvill" who was in "custodia Willelmus de Bretvill" in Norfolk[416]. m ---. One child:

i) daughter . "Rob de Meisy" paid a fine to marry "filia filie Nicolæ ux Gerarld de Canvill" who was in "custodia Willelmus de Bretvill" in Norfolk, dated 1200[417]. m ROBERT de Meisy, daughter of ---.

2. OLIVER FitzErneis (-before 1210). The Red Book of the Exchequer records that "Willelmus Longa Spada" granted knights´ fees in Essex, Hertfordshire to "Olyvero filio Ernisii", and after the death of the latter to "Eudo filius Ernisii mediatem Eudoni Patric", in [1210/12][418]. A charter dated 1217, under which "Robertus filius Erneisi sextus" confirmed donations to Fontenay by his predecessors (expanded version), confirms the donation of "in Anglia medietatem molendini de Hasfoiff" made by "Oliveri filii Erneisi"[419].

3. EUDES FitzErneis (-after 1210). The Red Book of the Exchequer records that "Willelmus Longa Spada" granted knights´ fees in Essex, Hertfordshire to "Olyvero filio Ernisii", and after the death of the latter to "Eudo filius Ernisii mediatem Eudoni Patric", in [1210/12][420].

4. RICHARD FitzErrneis . "Ricardus filius Ernisii" donated land in Gloucester to Gloucester St Peter, with the consent of "Mabiliæ uxoris meæ", by undated charter[421]. m MABILE, daughter of ---. "Ricardus filius Ernisii" donated land in Gloucester to Gloucester St Peter, with the consent of "Mabiliæ uxoris meæ", by undated charter[422].

Chapter 9. FITZGEROLD

1. ROBERT FitzGerold (-after Dec 1141). The 1130 Pipe Roll records "Robt fil Gerardi" in Wiltshire[423]. King Stephen confirmed properties of Geoffrey Earl of Essex, including "…servicium Rob[erti] fil[ii] Gerold[i] pro xi militibus et servicium Rad[ulphi] fil[ii] Geroldi pro i milite…", by charter dated Christmas 1141[424]. m ALICE, daughter of ---. Dugdale summarises donations to Southwark priory, including the confirmation of the donation of “lands of Waleton” made by "Amicia de Tregoz, daughter of Robert Fitzgerald and Alice his wife, sister of Alexander, and wife first of Philip de Leyburn and then of John de Tregoz" and confirmed by "Robert de Leyborn [her son]"[425]. Robert & his wife had seven children (the order of birth of these children is uncertain):

a) WARIN FitzGerold (-1158). Henry Duke of Normandy restored property to "Rodberto filio comitis Legrec…Rodberti comitis" held by "patris sui…sicut comes Rodbertus de Mellend avus suus…Willelmus de Britolio", and granted him the property of "Willelmus de Pasci in Anglia et in Normannia" by charter dated to [Jan/Aug] 1153, witnessed by "…Guarino filio Geraldi, Henrico duo fratre…"[426]. "…Guarino filio Geraldi, Henrico duo fratre…" witnessed the charter dated [Jan/Aug] 1153 under which Henry Duke of Normandy restored property to "Rodberto filio comitis Legrec…Rodberti comitis"[427]. “Robertus filius Sueni” donated "ecclesiam de Pritelwell" to Lewes priory, for the souls of "…aviæ meæ Beatricis", witnessed by "…Warino filio Geroldi…", recorded in a manuscript which recounts the founding of Prittlewell[428]. The Red Book of the Exchequer records that King Henry II granted "honorem Eudonis Dapiferi" in Essex to "Warinus frater meus" in the certification by "Henricus filius Geroldi Camerarii", dated 1166[429]. m as her first husband, ---, daughter of ---. The primary source which confirms her two marriages has not yet been identified. She married secondly as his second wife, Geoffrey de Vere.

b) HENRY FitzGerold (-[1174/75]). "…Guarino filio Geraldi, Henrico duo fratre…" witnessed the charter dated [Jan/Aug] 1153 under which Henry Duke of Normandy restored property to "Rodberto filio comitis Legrec…Rodberti comitis"[430]. Dugdale summarises donations to Southwark priory, including the donation of “Kingston Lisle” made by "Henry Fitzgerald, younger brother of Warin"[431]. Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, name "Henricus filius Geroldi tenet Ecclesse meum manerium" among those providing knights for military service with "Walteri de Meduana" in Kent[432]. The Red Book of the Exchequer records that King Henry II granted "honorem Eudonis Dapiferi" in Essex to "Warinus frater meus" in the certification by "Henricus filius Geroldi Camerarii", and lists among his knights "Ricardus filius Geroldi, i militem de Flectone…Alexander filius Geroldi i militem in Spereholt, Hugo filius Geroldi i militem in eadem villa…", dated 1166[433]. "Henricus filius Ger[oldi] Henrici regis camerarius" confirmed the donation of land "in Chedelintona" made to Eynsham abbey by "Ricardus filius Ger[oldi] frater meus" by charter dated to [1160/70][434]. m MATILDA, daughter of ---. She was heiress of William Chesney of Oxfordshire[435]. Henry & his wife had two children:

i) WARIN FitzGerold (-after 14 Nov 1216). The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1194/95], records "Warinus filius Geroldi" paying "xl s, ii milites" in Kent and also in Essex, Hertfordshire[436]. The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Garinus filius Geroldi" holding "Suvenhantone per serjanteriam Cameræ Regis et Crikelade" in Wiltshire, and i knight´s fee "de Harewode" in Yorkshire, in [1210/12][437]. The Testa de Nevill includes a writ of King John dated 1212 which records that "Warinus filius Geroldi" held "Wtton…de baronia sua de Stok Curcy…in hundredo de Karenton" in Somerset[438]. m ALICE de Courcy, daughter of WILLIAM de Courcy & his wife Gundreda de Warenne. Her family origin is confirmed by the undated charter under which her daughter “Margareta de Redeveris” donated revenue from "manerio meo de Newenham…unde eisdem teneor de testamento Aliciæ de Churci matris meæ" to Clerkenwell St Mary´s by undated charter[439]. Her parentage is indicated more precisely by an order dated 6 Dec 1224 which required the confiscation of "the vill of Newnham that Gundrea de Warenne held in dower, which is an inheritance partible between Joan wife of Hugh de Neville, and Margaret wife of Falkes de Bréauté", with savings for "the executors of the testament of the same Gundrea"[440]. Warin & his wife had two children:

(a) HENRY FitzWarin FitzGerold (-after 1196). The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1196/97], records "Henricus filius Gar[ini] filius Ger[oldi]" paying "liv l, liv milites" in Essex, Hertfordshire[441].

(b) MARGARET (-before 29 Sep 1252, bur London, Church of the Grey Friars). The Fundationis et Fundatorum Historia of Ford Abbey records that “Baldwinum tertium”, son of ”Willielmum de Vernona”, married “Margareta filia et hærede Warini filii Geraldi”[442]. The Chronicle of Ralph of Coggeshall records the marriage of "filiam…Guarini filii Giroldo", first betrothed to "Balduino filio Balduini comitis de Vecta insula", and "Falco [de Braute]"[443]. Henry III King of England granted "castrum de Plinton…de comitatu Devonie" to "Falkesie de Breaute et Margarete uxori sue" by way of "dotis ipsius Margarete…terra que fuit Baldewini filii ipsius comitis" dated [Mar] 1218[444]. The Testa de Nevill includes a list of landholdings in Devon, dated 1219, which includes "Margeria que fuit uxor Baldewini filii comitis…maritata domino Falconi per Regem Johannem" holding "Colintun…in hundredo de Ha[rigg]"[445]. An order dated 6 Dec 1224 required the confiscation of "the vill of Newnham that Gundrea de Warenne held in dower, which is an inheritance partible between Joan wife of Hugh de Neville, and Margaret wife of Falkes de Bréauté", with savings for "the executors of the testament of the same Gundrea"[446]. "Margaret wife of Falkes de Bréauté" made a fine "for the debts that Falkes owed the king", dated 19 Feb 1225[447]. “Margareta de Redeveris” donated property to Clerkenwell priory, for the souls of “Baldewini filii mei primogeniti et aliorum puerorum meorum”, by undated charter which names “Aliciæ de Churci matris meæ”[448]. This charter suggests that Margaret had children by her second marriage, although it is unclear why she did not use her second husband´s name in the document. m firstly BALDWIN de Reviers, son of WILLIAM de Vernon [Reviers] Earl of Devon & his wife Mabile de Meulan (after 28 Apr 1200-1 Sep 1216). m secondly (1216) FULK de Bréauté, son of ---. "Falkes de Bréauté" owed a fine "for his relief of the lands formerly of Warin fitz Gerold, by reason of the daughter and heiress of Warin whom he has taken to wife", dated to [1217/18][449].

ii) HENRY FitzGerold . The primary source which confirms his parentage has not yet been identified.

c) ALEXANDER FitzGerold (-1178). Dugdale summarises donations to Southwark priory, including the donation of “cheese at Badleking in the manor of Kingston Lisle in Berkshire” made by "Alexander Fitzgerald" and confirmed by "Alice de Rumeley, wife of Alexander"[450]. The Red Book of the Exchequer records that King Henry II granted "honorem Eudonis Dapiferi" in Essex to "Warinus frater meus" in the certification by "Henricus filius Geroldi Camerarii", and lists among his knights "Ricardus filius Geroldi, i militem de Flectone…Alexander filius Geroldi i militem in Spereholt, Hugo filius Geroldi i militem in eadem villa…", dated 1166[451]. m (before 1156) as her second husband, ALICE de Rumilly Lady of Skipton, widow of WILLIAM FitzDuncan, daughter of WILLIAM "le Meschin" Lord of Copeland & his wife Cecily de Rumilly Lady of Skipton. A manuscript genealogy of William de Forz Comte d´Aumâle names “Aliciam de Rumeleya” as daughter of “Willielmus de Mechines primus hæres de Sciptun in Craven”, adding that she married “Willielmo filio Duncan” and was buried “apud Fontes”[452]. A different version of her parentage is provided by the Cronicon Cumbriæ which records that “Willielmus”, son of “Doncani comes de Murrayse”, married “Aliciam filiam Roberti de Romeney, domini de Skipton in Craven” and his wife “filiam Willielmi de Meschinis domini de Coupland”[453]. Lady of Skipton. “Willielmus filius Dunecani nepos regis Scotiæ…et Aeliz de Rumeili uxor mea” confirmed donations of property to Bolton Priory by undated charter[454]. “Aaliz de Rumelli” donated property to Pontefract Priory, with the consent of “Willielmi filii mei”, for the soul of “domini mei Willielmi filii Dunecani”, by undated charter[455]. Dugdale summarises donations to Southwark priory, including the donation of “cheese at Badleking in the manor of Kingston Lisle in Berkshire” made by "Alexander Fitzgerald" and confirmed by "Alice de Rumeley, wife of Alexander"[456].

d) RICHARD FitzGerold (-after 1166). The Red Book of the Exchequer records that King Henry II granted "honorem Eudonis Dapiferi" in Essex to "Warinus frater meus" in the certification by "Henricus filius Geroldi Camerarii", and lists among his knights "Ricardus filius Geroldi, i militem de Flectone…Alexander filius Geroldi i militem in Spereholt, Hugo filius Geroldi i militem in eadem villa…", dated 1166[457]. "Henricus filius Ger[oldi] Henrici regis camerarius" confirmed the donation of land "in Chedelintona" made to Eynsham abbey by "Ricardus filius Ger[oldi] frater meus" by charter dated to [1160/70][458].

e) RALPH FitzGerold (-before 1180). King Stephen confirmed properties of Geoffrey Earl of Essex, including "…servicium Rob[erti] fil[ii] Gerold[i] pro xi militibus et servicium Rad[ulphi] fil[ii] Geroldi pro i milite…", by charter dated Christmas 1141[459]. Domesday Descendants notes that Alexander FitzGerold donated property to Southwark priory for the soul of his brother Ralph[460]. m MURIEL, daughter of ---. Domesday Descendants notes that Ralph FitzGerold donated a mill at Toppesfield to the Hospitallers by charter dated to [1154], witnessed by his wife Muriel[461].

f) HUGH FitzGerold (-after 1166). The Red Book of the Exchequer records that King Henry II granted "honorem Eudonis Dapiferi" in Essex to "Warinus frater meus" in the certification by "Henricus filius Geroldi Camerarii", and lists among his knights "Ricardus filius Geroldi, i militem de Flectone…Alexander filius Geroldi i militem in Spereholt, Hugo filius Geroldi i militem in eadem villa…", dated 1166[462]. The document does not specify that Hugh was the brother of Warin and Henry but this appears likely.

g) AMICE . Dugdale summarises donations to Southwark priory, including the confirmation of the donation of “lands of Waleton” made by "Amicia de Tregoz, daughter of Robert Fitzgerald and Alice his wife, sister of Alexander, and wife first of Philip de Leyburn and then of John de Tregoz" and confirmed by "Robert de Leyborn [her son]"[463]. m firstly PHILIP de Leyburn, son of ---. m secondly JOHN de Tresgoz, son of --- (-[1194]).

Chapter 10. FITZRICHARD

No trace has been found in sources in Normandy of "Scrob" whose son Richard is shown below. The name of Richard´s son Osbern suggests that the family was of Viking origin.

1. RICHARD FitzScrob (-[1067/85]). Florence of Worcester records that "Rotbertum diaconem et generum eius Ricardum filium Scrob, Ælfredum regis stratorem, Anfridum cognomento Ceocesfot" were allowed to remain in England when Earl Godwin expelled the Normans in [1052][464]. "…Richard Scrob…" witnessed the charter dated 1067 under which William I King of England donated the vill of Cullacliffe to Wulfstan Bishop of Worcester[465]. Domesday records that Richard Scrob/Scrupe held four manors in Worcestershire, Burford in Shropshire, and a manor in Herefordshire during the time of King Edward[466]. Florence of Worcester records that "Herefordenses castellani et Richardus filius Scrob" resisted "Edrcus cognomento Silvaticus filius Ælfrici, fratris Edrici Streonæ…et Richardus filius Scrob" in [1067][467]. m ---, daughter of ROBERT deacon & his wife ---. Her parentage and marriage are confirmed by Florence of Worcester who records that "Rotbertum diaconem et generum eius Ricardum filium Scrob, Ælfredum regis stratorem, Anfridum cognomento Ceocesfot" were allowed to remain in England when Earl Godwin expelled the Normans in [1052][468]. Richard & his wife had one child:

a) OSBERN FitzRichard (-after 1086). Domesday records that Osbern FitzRichard held manors in Herefordshire, Shropshire, Worcestershire, Warwickshire and Bedfordshire[469]. m NESTA, daughter of GRUFFYDD ap Llywellyn Prince of Gwynedd and Powys & his second wife Ealdgyth of Mercia. Orderic Vitalis names "Nest" as the daughter of "Edwinus…et Morcarus comites, filii Algari…Edgivam sororem eorum" and her first husband "Gritfridi…regis Guallorum"[470]. The primary source which confirms her marriage has not yet been identified. "Hugo filius Osberti" donated a saltpan at Droitwich to the monks of Worcester Cathedral priory, for the souls of "patris mei Osberti et matris mee Nest", by charter dated to [early 12th century][471]. Osbern & his wife had three children:

i) HUGH FitzOsbern (-before 1140). "Osbernus filius Pontii" donated “piscatoriam…in villam…Longaneia et ecclesiam" to Pershore monastery, Worcestershire, for "filio meo Radulfo", by undated charter, witnessed by "Hugone filio Osberni filii Ricardi et Turstino fratre eius…"[472].

- see below.

ii) THURSTAN . "Osbernus filius Pontii" donated “piscatoriam…in villam…Longaneia et ecclesiam" to Pershore monastery, Worcestershire, for "filio meo Radulfo", by undated charter, witnessed by "Hugone filio Osberni filii Ricardi et Turstino fratre eius…"[473].

iii) NESTA [Agnes] . A manuscript narrating the history of Brecknock priory records that the founder “Bernard de Nefmarche, Norman” married “Neste qe fut apele Agnes, la file Griffin le fiz Lewelin…cruel tyrant de Gales”[474], although this skips a generation. The primary source which confirms her parentage has not yet been identified. The Historia fundationis cum fundatoris genealogia of the priory of Abergavenny names “Sibillam, legitimam hæredem totius terræ Breconiæ…Bernardi et Agnetis de Novo-Mercato” as parents of “Sibillam, legitimam hæredem totius terræ Breconiæ” who married “Milonem”[475]. The Chronicle of Battle Abbey records that "Bernardus cognomento de Novo Mercato…uxor Agnes" donated property in Brecknock to Battle abbey[476]. m BERNARD de Neufmarché, son of GEOFFROY de Neufmarché & his wife Ada --- (-1125). “Bernardus de Novo-mercato” donated property to Breckon priory, for the soul of “Philippi filii mei”, by charter dated to the reign of King Henry I[477]. Florence of Worcester records that "Beornardus de Novo Mercatu, Rogerius de Laceio…Rawlfus de Mortuo Mari…cum hominibus comitis Rogeri de Scrobbesbyria" threatened Worcester with an army of Normans and Welsh, dated to [1088][478].

HUGH FitzOsbern, son of OSBERN FitzRichard & his wife Nesta of Wales (-before 1140). "Osbernus filius Pontii" donated “piscatoriam…in villam…Longaneia et ecclesiam" to Pershore monastery, Worcestershire, for "filio meo Radulfo", by undated charter, witnessed by "Hugone filio Osberni filii Ricardi et Turstino fratre eius…"[479]. "Hugo filius Osberti" donated a saltpan at Droitwich to the monks of Worcester Cathedral priory, for the souls of "patris mei Osberti et matris mee Nest", by charter dated to [early 12th century][480].

m EUSTACHIA de Say, daughter of ---. "Osbertus filius Hugonis et mater eius Eustachia" notified that the monks of Worcester Cathedral priory had agreed a cemetery at Cotheridge by charter dated to [1140][481]. An undated charter of Henry II King of England records the foundation of Westwood priory, Worcestershire by “Osbertus filius Hugonis et Eustachia de Say mater sua”, witnessed by “Ricardo de Lucy…Bernardo de S. Walerico, Willielmo de Bello-campo”[482].

Hugh & his wife had two children:

1. OSBERN FitzHugh (-after Aug 1180). "Osbertus filius Hugonis et mater eius Eustachia" notified that the monks of Worcester Cathedral priory had agreed a cemetery at Cotheridge by charter dated to [1140][483]. An undated charter of Henry II King of England records the foundation of Westwood priory, Worcestershire by “Osbertus filius Hugonis et Eustachia de Say mater sua”, witnessed by “Ricardo de Lucy…Bernardo de S. Walerico, Willielmo de Bello-campo”[484]. “…Waltero de Clifford…Osberto filio Hugonis, Willielmo de Bealchamp…” witnessed the undated charter, dated to [1155], which records the donation by “Rogerus comes Herefordiæ” to Brecknock priory[485]. “Osbertus filius Hugonis” donated property to Godstow nunnery in Oxfordshire, at the request of “domini Walteri de Clifford” for the souls of "uxoris suæ Margaretæ et…Rosamundæ filiæ suæ", with the consent of "Hugonis fratris mei", by undated charter witnessed by "Waltero de Clifford, Ricardo filio suo et Lucia filia sua, Willielmo de Hetona"[486]. “Walterus de Clifford” donated property to Godstow nunnery in Oxfordshire, for the souls of "uxoris meæ Margaretæ de Clifford et filiæ nostræ Rosamundæ", by undated charter witnessed by "Osbertus filius Hugonis, Hugo de Sey…"[487]. The Red Book of the Exchequer refers to "Osbertus filius Hugonis xxiii m" in Hereford in [1167/68][488]. "Osbertus filius Hugonis" confirmed the settlement of his dispute with the monks of Worcester Cathedral priory concerning the boundaries of their woods at Cornwood by charter dated to [1170], witnessed by "Hugone de Sai fratre meo…"[489]. "Osbern fitz Hugh" donated a virgate at Richard´s Castle to Haughmond Abbey by charter dated to [1172/85], witnessed by "Walter de Clifford, Walter his son, Hugh de Say and Lucie his wife"[490]. "Osbern de Say and…his brother Hugh" confirmed a charter of Baldwin Bishop of Worcester, dated to after Aug 1180[491]. m [AMICE, daughter of WALTER de Clifford & his wife ---. Eyton records that "from good but unvouched authority" Osbern FitzHugh married "Amicia daughter of Walter de Clifford"[492].]

2. HUGH de Say (-1190). “Osbertus filius Hugonis” donated property to Godstow nunnery in Oxfordshire, at the request of “domini Walteri de Clifford” for the souls of "uxoris suæ Margaretæ et…Rosamundæ filiæ suæ", with the consent of "Hugonis fratris mei", by undated charter[493]. “Walterus de Clifford” donated property to Godstow nunnery in Oxfordshire, for the souls of "uxoris meæ Margaretæ de Clifford et filiæ nostræ Rosamundæ", by undated charter witnessed by "Osbertus filius Hugonis, Hugo de Sey…"[494]. "Osbertus filius Hugonis" confirmed the settlement of his dispute with the monks of Worcester Cathedral priory concerning the boundaries of their woods at Cornwood by charter dated to [1170], witnessed by "Hugone de Sai fratre meo…"[495]. "Osbern de Say and…his brother Hugh" confirmed a charter of Baldwin Bishop of Worcester, dated to after Aug 1180[496].

- SAY.

Chapter 11. FITZSWEIN

1. AILRIC . m ---. The name of Ailric´s wife is not known. Ailric & his wife had one child:

a) SWEIN . "Swanus filius Ailrich" donated land and "capellam de Calthorn" to "ecclesiam de Silkistuna" by undated charter[497]. m ---. The name of Swein´s wife is not known. Swein & his wife had three children:

i) ADAM FitzSwein (-1159). The 1130 Pipe Roll records "Adam fil Sueini" in Yorkshire, Northumberland[498]. "Adam filius Suwani" confirmed the donation to St Bees made by "Mahald uxor Godardi" by undated charter[499]. "Adam filius Suani" confirmed "ecclesiam de Silkistuna" to Pontefract by undated charter, dated to [1154], witnessed by "…Henrico fratre meo…"[500]. A charter of King Henry II records donations to York St Mary, including the donation of “heremum S. Andreæ” by “Adam filius Suani”[501]. "Adam filius Suani" confirmed the foundation of "sancte Marie Magdalene de Lunda" by undated charter, dated to [1158][502]. Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record that "hæredes Adæ filii Swein" held one knight´s fee "de feodo de Sciptone" in Yorkshire[503]. The Testa de Nevill includes a writ of King John dated 1212 which records that "Rogerus de Monte Begonis, Simon filius Walteri, Alexander de Nevill" held land which was from "Willelmi de Nevill" in Cumberland, which King Henry I had granted to "Ade filio Swein, antecessori predictorum"[504]. m ---. The name of Adam´s wife is not known. Adam & his wife had two children:

(a) AMABEL . Her parentage and first marriage are indicated by the undated charter under which [her husband] “Alexander de Creuequer” donated "molendinum meum de Culgait" to Wetherhal priory[505] and another undated charter [her supposed father] “Adam filius Suani” also donated "molendinum meum de Culgait" to Wetherhal[506]. The Testa de Nevill includes a writ of King John dated 1212 which records that "Rogerus de Monte Begonis, Simon filius Walteri, Alexander de Nevill" held land which was from "Willelmi de Nevill" in Cumberland, which King Henry I had granted to "Ade filio Swein, antecessori predictorum"[507]. m firstly [as his second wife,] ALEXANDER de Crèvecœur, son of RENAUD de Crèvecœur & his wife Matilda --- (-before 1204). m secondly WILLIAM de Neville, son of --- (-after 1212).

(b) MATILDA . The Testa de Nevill includes a writ of King John dated 1212 which records that "Rogerus de Monte Begonis, Simon filius Walteri, Alexander de Nevill" held land which was from "Willelmi de Nevill" in Cumberland, which King Henry I had granted to "Ade filio Swein, antecessori predictorum"[508]. m firstly ADAM de Montbegon, son of --- (-[1171]). “Adam de Mundegame” donated "molendinum de Culgaid" to Wetherhal priory by undated charter, witnessed by "…Symone de Cruaqr…"[509]. “Alexander de Creuequer” donated land "in Culgait" to Wetherhal priory by undated charter, witnessed by "Adam de Mortegeg, Warino, Symone de Creuequer…"[510]. "R[oberti]. de Monte Begonis" confirmed possessions of "ecclesiam de Silkestona" as donated by "A. filio Suani" by undated charter, dated to before 1197[511]. m secondly GERARD de Glanville, son of ---.

ii) HENRY FitzSwein (-after [1154]). "Adam filius Suani" confirmed "ecclesiam de Silkistuna" to Pontefract by undated charter, dated to [1154], witnessed by "…Henrico fratre meo…"[512]. “Adam filius Suani” donated "molendinum meum de Culgait" to Wetherhal by undated charter witnessed by "…Henrico fratre meo…"[513].

iii) RICHARD FitzSwein (-after [1180]). "Ricardus filius Swani" granted concessions to the monks of Pontefract relating to "prato de Wixstalker" to "ecclesiam de Silkistuna" by undated charter[514]. "Ricardus filius Swani" confirmed the grant of "pratum de Wixstalker in villa de Swinlingtona" to "Willelmo filio Hervei" by undated charter, dated to [1180][515].

2. KETEL FitzSwein (-after 1129). The 1130 Pipe Roll records "Chetello fil Sueini" in Yorkshire, Northumberland[516].

3. GEOFFREY FitzSwein (-after 1166). Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record that "Galfridus filius Swein" held one knight´s fee and parts from "Stephani de Scalariis" in Cambridgeshire[517].

4. ALAN FitzSwein . A charter dated to the late 12th century records an agreement between the priory of Bullington in Lincolnshire and "Ala[num] filium Swani de Lincolnia" relating to land in the parish of St Bavon, sealed by "Alani filii Svani"[518]. m --- Bussel, daughter of WARIN Bussel & his wife ---. The Testa de Nevill includes an inquisition concerning Lancaster dated 1212 which records that "Ricardus Bussel" granted land "in Gunnolvesmores" to "Alano filio Swani cum sorore sua"[519]. "Ricardus Busel" confirmed the donations made by "pater meus Warinus" to Evesham abbey by charter dated to [1153/60], witnessed by "…Sibilla et Matilde sororibus meis"[520].

5. ROBERT FitzSwein of Northampton . “Robertus filius Sueni” donated "ecclesiam de Pritelwell" to Lewes priory, for the souls of "…aviæ meæ Beatricis", witnessed by "…Warino filio Geroldi…", recorded in a manuscript which recounts the founding of Prittlewell[521]. “Robertus filius Sewini de Norhamton” donated land "in Hangre de Toteham quam Malculumb rex Scotiæ dedit mihi" to Clerkenwell St Mary´s by undated charter, witnessed by "Hugone filio meo, Edwardo Albo, Willielmo clerico nepote Roberti filii Sewini…"[522]. m ---. The name of Robert´s wife is not known. Robert & his wife had one child:

a) HUGH (-before 1194). “Robertus filius Sewini de Norhamton” donated land "in Hangre de Toteham quam Malculumb rex Scotiæ dedit mihi" to Clerkenwell St Mary´s by undated charter, witnessed by "Hugone filio meo, Edwardo Albo, Willielmo clerico nepote Roberti filii Sewini…"[523]. The 1176/77 Pipe Roll names "Hugoni filio Roberti filii Sewini" in Northamptonshire[524]. m ---. The name of Hugh´s wife is not known. Hugh & his wife had one child:

i) ROBERT . The 1194/95 Pipe Roll records "Roberto f Hugonis f Roberti f Sewin…in Uppeton de dimidio anno" in Northamptonshire[525].

Chapter 12. FITZURSE

1. RALPH FitzUrse . "Ralf fitz Urse" witnessed the charter dated to [1087/97] under which William II King of England confirmed the holding of the abbey of St Edmund[526].

2. RICHARD FitzUrse (-after 1100). m as her first husband, ---, widow of RICHARD Engaine, daughter of ---. Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record the knights´ fees held from "F[ulconis] de Lisuris" in Northamptonshire, referring to land which "Ricardus Engaine avus meus" gave to "ultimæ uxori suæ in dotem, scilicet uxori Ricardi filii Ursi"[527].

3. RICHARD FitzUrse (-after 1166). The 1130 Pipe Roll records "Ric fil Urson" in Wiltshire (two entries), Huntingdonshire, and Surrey[528]. "Ric fil Ursi" witnessed the charter dated to [1139/40] under which King Stephen granted land in Kingerby, Osgodby and Owersby, Lincolnshire to William Earl of Lincoln[529]. Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record that "Ricardus filius Vrsi" used to hold one and one half knights´ fees from the abbot of Glastonbury in Somerset "tempore Regis Henrici" (presumably indicating King Henry I) now held by "Reginaldus filius eius"[530]. m as her first husband, MATILDA de Boulers, daughter of BALDWIN de Boulers & his wife Sibylle de Falaise. A plea at Westminster, dating to the ninth year of Henry III King of England [1226], records that "Vitalis Engaing" claimed land "in honore de Mungumery" which "Dominus Rex H, senex" had given "in maritagium Baldewino de Bollers cum Sibilla de Faleise, nepte ipsius H regis", and that "eadem Sibilla" had "unam filiam Matillidem de ipso Baldewino" who "dominus Rex" gave to "Ricardo filio Ursie" who by her had "unum filium et duas filias…Reginaldum filium Ursi et Margeriam primogenitam et Mabiliam"[531]. Richard & his wife had three children:

a) REYNOLD FitzUrse (-[1171/75]). A plea at Westminster, dating to the ninth year of Henry III King of England [1226], records that "Vitalis Engaing" claimed land "in honore de Mungumery" which "Dominus Rex H, senex" had given "in maritagium Baldewino de Bollers cum Sibilla de Faleise, nepte ipsius H regis", and that "eadem Sibilla" had "unam filiam Matillidem de ipso Baldewino" who "dominus Rex" gave to "Ricardo filio Ursie" who by her had "unum filium et duas filias…Reginaldum filium Ursi et Margeriam primogenitam et Mabiliam"[532]. Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record that "Ricardus filius Vrsi" used to hold one and one half knights´ fees from the abbot of Glastonbury in Somerset "tempore Regis Henrici" (presumably indicating King Henry I) now held by "Reginaldus filius eius"[533]. The Red Book of the Exchequer refers to "Reginaldus filius Ursy xl s et xxvii d" in Northamptonshire in [1167/68][534]. The Red Book of the Exchequer refers to "Reginaldus filius Ursi lxxiii s iv d" in Northamptonshire in [1171/72][535]. m BEATRICE de Limesey, daughter of GEOFFREY de Limesey & his wife ---. Her parentage and marriage are confirmed by a claim dated 1220, recorded by Bracton, by "Vitalis Engaun et Rogerus Gernet" against "Willelmum de Cantelupo et Maziliam uxorem eius" which recites that "Gaufridus de Limeseia" had "unum filium Walterum…et duas filias Beatriciam et Matillidem", that Beatrice married "Reginaldus"[536]. Reynold & his wife had one child:

i) MATILDA (-before 1195). Her parentage and marriage are confirmed by a claim dated 1220, recorded by Bracton, by "Vitalis Engaun et Rogerus Gernet" against "Willelmum de Cantelupo et Maziliam uxorem eius" which recites that "Ricardus filius Ursy antecessor eorum" had "unum filium…Reginaldum et duas filias Margeriam et Mabiliam", that Reynold had "unam filiam…Matillidem…[qui] habuit unum filium Willelmum de Curtenay qui obiit…tempore Regis J…sine herede corpore suo"[537]. m as his first wife, ROBERT de Courtenay Lord of Sutton, Berkshire, Sheriff of Cumberland, son of RENAUD Sire de Courtenay & his first wife Helvis de Donjon (-[1207/09]).

b) MARGERY ([1134/35]-after 1185). A plea at Westminster, dating to the ninth year of Henry III King of England [1226], records that "Vitalis Engaing" claimed land "in honore de Mungumery" which "Dominus Rex H, senex" had given "in maritagium Baldewino de Bollers cum Sibilla de Faleise, nepte ipsius H regis", and that "eadem Sibilla" had "unam filiam Matillidem de ipso Baldewino" who "dominus Rex" gave to "Ricardo filio Ursie" who by her had "unum filium et duas filias…Reginaldum filium Ursi et Margeriam primogenitam et Mabiliam"[538]. The Rotuli de Dominabus of 1185 records “Margareta Engaine”, that she was "in donatione Domini Regis intra hos viii annos", that she had married “Galfridus Brito”, her land in "hundredum de Wilebroc" in Northamptonshire, and also in "Cleile hundredum", the entry for the latter recording that she was "L annorum…filia Ricardi filii Ursi" and naming her heir "Ricardus Engaine"[539]. Her parentage and marriage are confirmed by a claim dated 1220, recorded by Bracton, by "Vitalis Engaun et Rogerus Gernet" against "Willelmum de Cantelupo et Maziliam uxorem eius" which recites that "Ricardus filius Ursy antecessor eorum" had "unum filium…Reginaldum et duas filias Margeriam et Mabiliam", that Margery was "avie ipsius Vitalis"[540]. m firstly RICHARD [II] Engaine, son of ---. m secondly GEOFFREY Brito, son of ---.

c) MABEL . A plea at Westminster, dating to the ninth year of Henry III King of England [1226], records that "Vitalis Engaing" claimed land "in honore de Mungumery" which "Dominus Rex H, senex" had given "in maritagium Baldewino de Bollers cum Sibilla de Faleise, nepte ipsius H regis", and that "eadem Sibilla" had "unam filiam Matillidem de ipso Baldewino" who "dominus Rex" gave to "Ricardo filio Ursie" who by her had "unum filium et duas filias…Reginaldum filium Ursi et Margeriam primogenitam et Mabiliam"[541]. Her parentage and marriage are confirmed by a claim dated 1220, recorded by Bracton, by "Vitalis Engaun et Rogerus Gernet" against "Willelmum de Cantelupo et Maziliam uxorem eius" which recites that "Ricardus filius Ursy antecessor eorum" had "unum filium…Reginaldum et duas filias Margeriam et Mabiliam", that Mabel was "matri ipsius Rogeri"[542]. m --- Gernet, son of ---.

4. HENRY FitzUrse (-after 1166). Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record that "Henricus filius Ursi" held one knight´s fee from "comitis Patricii" in Wiltshire[543].

Chapter 13. FITZWALTER

ROBERT FitzRichard de Clare, son of RICHARD de Brionne Lord of Clare and Tonbridge [Normandy] & his wife Rohese Giffard (-[1134], bur Priory of St Neot). Guillaume de Jumièges names (in order) "Gilbert, Roger, Gautier et Robert" as sons of Richard, son of "le comte Gilbert fils du comte Godefroi", recording that they made donations to the church of Bec[544]. He is named and his parentage given by Orderic Vitalis, who lists him after his brother Walter[545]. Henry I King of England granted him the fiefdom of Little Dunmow, Essex[546]. A manuscript history of the foundation of Dunmow Priory records the death in 1134 of “Robertus filius Ricardi, primus patronus canonicorum de Dunmawe” and his burial “apud Sanctum Neotum”, although the dating of events in this source appears shaky[547].

m ([1112]) as her first husband, MAUD de Senlis, daughter of SIMON de Senlis Earl of Huntingdon and Northampton & his wife Matilda [Maud] of Huntingdon (-before 1163). Ingulph's Chronicle of the Abbey of Croyland names "Simon, Waldev and Matilda" as the children of Simon Earl of Huntingdon and his wife Matilda, commenting that they "are still young and in their infancy"[548]. A manuscript narrating the foundation of Daventre priory records that “Symonis de Seynliz” had two sisters “quarum una…Matildis Seynliz” married “Robertus filius Ricardi”, but does not name the second sister[549]. A manuscript history of the foundation of Dunmow Priory records the marriage in 1112 of “Robertus filius Ricardi” and “Matildam de Sancto Lisio”, although the dating of events in this source appears shaky[550]. She married secondly (1136) Saher de Quincy. The primary source which confirms her second marriage has not yet been identified. A manuscript history of the foundation of Dunmow Priory records the death in 1140 of “Matildis de Sancto Licio uxor Roberti filii Ricardi”, although the dating of events in this source appears shaky[551].

Robert FitzRichard & his wife had three children:

1. WALTER FitzRobert (-1198, bur Dunmow Priory). A manuscript narrating the foundation of Daventre priory names “Walterum et Symoni fratri suo” as the two sons of “Robertus filius Ricardi” and his wife Matilda[552]. “Walterus filius Roberti” donated property to Daventre Priory, for the souls of “Roberti filii Ricardi patris mei et Matildis de Senliz matris meæ…et uxoris meæ Matildis de Lucy et filiorum et filiarum mearum”, by undated charter[553]. The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1190/91], records "Walterus filius Roberti" paying "xxxi l xv s, lxiii milites et dimidium" in Essex, Hertfordshire[554]. The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1194/95], records "Walterus filius Roberti" being granted delay to pay "per brevia" in Essex, Herefordshire[555]. A manuscript history of the foundation of Dunmow Priory records the death in 1198 of “Walterus filius Roberti” and his burial at Dunmow[556]. m firstly MATILDA de Lucy Lady of Diss, Norfolk, daughter of RICHARD de Lucy, justiciar & his wife ---. The Testa de Nevill includes a writ of King John dated 1212 which records that "Ricardo de Luce" granted "Disce" in Norfolk to "Waltero filio Roberti…in maritagio cum filia sua", adding that it was currently held by "Robertus filius Walteri"[557]. “Walterus filius Roberti” donated property to Daventre Priory, for the souls of “…uxoris meæ Matildis de Lucy et filiorum et filiarum mearum”, by undated charter[558]. Bracton records a claim, dated 1225, by "Ricardus filius Reginaldi et Roysia uxor eius" against "Robertum filium Walteri" for part of "terre…in Lewes" inherited from "Roysia de Douera auia sua", the defendant stating that "Matillis mater sua et Aleisia mater Ricardi de Umframuilla et Auelina auia Ricardi de Muntfichet fuerunt sorores" all of whom inherited part of the land in question[559]. [560]m secondly (after 1163) as her [third] husband, MATILDA de Bohun, widow [firstly] of HENRY d'Oilly, [and secondly of JUHEL de Mayenne], daughter of HUMPHREY de Bohun & his wife Margaret of Hereford ([1140/43]-after 9 Feb 1196). Her parentage is established by a 1263 inquisition which confirms that Humphrey de Bohun, grandfather of Humphrey de Bohun Earl of Hereford at that time, gave Bradenham to his sister Maud[561]. Her first and [third] marriages are confirmed by a lawsuit recorded in 1194 in which "Matill uxor Walteri fil Robti" sued "Cecilia uxore Rad fil Wigain" over Swereford manor, Oxfordshire, given to her by "Henri de Oilli vir eius…in dote"[562]. Her possible second marriage is confirmed by the Feet of Fines which records the judgment dated 9 Feb 1196 in a claim by "Henricus de Bohon…pro Adam de Greiuill" against "Matill de Bohon" concerning land "villa de Waleton…villam de Blakemer" and "in villa de Niweton" given to Matilda "in maritagium quondam Iuhellus de Mee---e"[563]. It is supposed that Matilda was the plaintiff´s aunt, although this is not specifically stated in the document. It is supposed that the name "de Mee---e" indicates Mayenne, but this is not beyond all doubt. Walter & his first wife had [four or more] children:

a) ROBERT FitzWalter of Woodham Walter, Essex (-9 Dec 1235, Dunmow Priory). A manuscript history of the foundation of Dunmow Priory records the succession of “Robertus filius Walteri” on the death of “Walterus filius Roberti”, adding that in 1216 the dispute between the barons and King John was triggered in 1216 because the king desired “Matildis…filia domini Roberti filii Walteri”[564]. The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Robertus filius Walteri" holding 15 knights´ fees "Wodeham" in Essex in [1210/12][565]. He went with Saher de Quincy Earl of Winchester (his cousin through his paternal grandmother) to invite Louis de France to England in early 1216[566]. Bracton records a claim, dated 1225, by "Ricardus filius Reginaldi et Roysia uxor eius" against "Robertum filium Walteri" for part of "terre…in Lewes" inherited from "Roysia de Douera auia sua", the defendant stating that "Matillis mater sua et Aleisia mater Ricardi de Umframuilla et Auelina auia Ricardi de Muntfichet fuerunt sorores" all of whom inherited part of the land in question[567]. A manuscript history of the foundation of Dunmow Priory records the death in 1234 of “Robertus filius Walteri, patronus ecclesie de Dunmowe”, his burial at Dunmow, and the succession of “Walterus filius eius”, the same source providing numerous details about his descendants[568]. He was ancestor of the LORDS FITZWALTER, of Little Dunmow, Essex[569]. “Simon filius Roberti” donated property to Daventre Priory, for the souls of “uxoris meæ Juliane et liberorum meorum”, by undated charter which names “Ricardi primogeniti mei” and is witnessed by “…Ricardo Henrico et Simone filiis meis, Jordano fratre meo…”[570]. m firstly (after 1194) [as her second husband,] GUNNOR de Valognes, [widow of DURAND de Ostill,] daughter of ROBERT de Valognes & his wife Hawise --- (-after 1208). Bracton records an inquiry, dated 1234/35, whether "Cristiana de Mandevilla soror Walteri filii Roberti" was seised of part of land "in Dersingham", which descended to her "ex parte Gunnore matris sue" and was inherited by "Henricus de Bailloil et Lora uxor eius" because "idem Walterus non fuit frater predicte Cristiane nisi ex parte patris", noting that "tres fratres fuerunt…Petrus, Robertus, Philippus ex parte patris et matris", that Robert was father of "Gunora mater predicte Cristiane"[571]. Her supposed first marriage is confirmed by the Rotuli de Dominabus of 1185 which records property “Hortfurdburia et Hochwelle” held by her paternal grandmother “Agnes de Valeines…l annorum”, property “Hecham et Leic” held by “Agnes de Valuines…plusquam lx annorum”, and “Redefelde” held by “Agnes de Valuines…soror Pagani filii Johannis” adding that her heir is “filia eius et heres data est Durando de Ostili”[572]. Round suggests that "filia eius" in this passage is an error for "neptis eius", as Gunnor was the senior heiress of her grandmother as only daughter of the latter´s second surviving son, and pointing out that "Durandus de Osteilli" paid scutage in Essex/Hertfordshire of £15/3/4 in the Pipe Roll 1190, equivalent to the 30 and one third knights´ fees on which the barony of Valoignes paid had paid in 1166, and on which "Gunnore de Valoniis" paid in 1194[573]. The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1194/95], records that "Gunnore de Valoniis" paid "xx s, i militem" in Norfolk, Suffolk, and also paid in Essex, Hertfordshire[574]. The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1196/97], records "Gunnore de Valoniis" paying "xxx l, xxx milites" in Essex, Hertfordshire[575]. "Rob fil Walteri et Gunnor ux eius" paid a fine for the inheritance of "Gaufri de Valon avunculi ipsius Gunnor", dated 1208[576]. m secondly ROHESE, daughter of ---. The primary source which confirms her marriage has not yet been identified. Robert & his first wife had three children:

i) MATILDA (-1212, bur Dunmow Priory). The 13th century Histoire des ducs de Normandie et des rois d´Angleterre records that "Joffrois de Mandeville" married "la fille Robiert le fil Gautier"[577]. m GEOFFREY de Mandeville, son of GEOFFREY FitzPiers & his first wife Beatrice de Say (-London 23 Feb 1216, bur Trinity Prior within Aldgate). He succeeded his father in 1213 as Earl of Essex.

ii) CHRISTINE (-before 17 Jun 1232, bur Shouldham Priory). The 13th century Histoire des ducs de Normandie et des rois d´Angleterre records that "Robiert le fil Gautier" had two daughters and one son, adding that the second daughter married "Guillaume de Mandeville, qui freres fu Joffroi"[578]. The Annals of Dunstable record that “Hubertus de Burgo…Remundus nepos eius” married “comitissam Essexiæ” in 1227[579]. An order dated [Nov] 1227 refers to "Reymundus de Burgo…et Christiana uxore eius"[580]. The History of the foundation of Walden abbey records that “Cristiana uxore sua, comitissa Essexiæ” was buried with her (first) husband “apud Soldham”[581]. m firstly (before 18 Nov 1220) WILLIAM de Mandeville Earl of Essex, son of GEOFFREY FitzPiers & his first wife Beatrice de Say (-8 Jan 1227, bur Shouldham Priory). m secondly ([9 Jan/15 May] 1227) RAYMOND de Burgh of Dartford, Kent, son of --- de Burgh & his wife --- (-drowned 1230, bur Dover).

iii) son . The 13th century Histoire des ducs de Normandie et des rois d´Angleterre records that "Robiert le fil Gautier" had two daughters and one son[582].

Robert & his second wife had one child:

iv) WALTER FitzRobert of Woodham Walter, Essex (-shortly before 10 Apr 1258). Bracton records an inquiry, dated 1234/35, whether "Cristiana de Mandevilla soror Walteri filii Roberti" was seised of part of land "in Dersingham", which descended to her "ex parte Gunnore matris sue" and was inherited by "Henricus de Bailloil et Lora uxor eius" because "idem Walterus non fuit frater predicte Cristiane nisi ex parte patris"[583].

- see below.

b) ALICE (-1213 or after). An order dated 21 Jul 1213 records that "Alic Pechie" gave "Aliciam filiam suam" as a hostage when "Roberti filii Walteri fratris sui" was freed[584]. m GILBERT Pecche, son of HAMON Pecche & his wife Alice Peverel (-before 9 Jul 1212).

c) other children . “Walterus filius Roberti” donated property to Daventre Priory, for the souls of “…uxoris meæ Matildis de Lucy et filiorum et filiarum mearum”, by undated charter[585].

Walter & his second wife had one child:

d) SIMON FitzWalter (-before 18 Jul 1218). King John granted "unum mercatum apud Bareate" to "Simon filius Walteri" by charter dated 4 Sep 1199[586]. "Simon fil Walteri" made a fine for returning to the king´s support naming "Matillid filia sua…filius suus primogenitus…" among the hostages which were given, dated 1216[587]. Bracton records a claim, dated 1234, by "Walterus filius Symonis" against "Thomam comitem de Warewyc" which records that "Matillis de Boun antecessor ipsius Symonis" was "uxor Henrici de Oylly" by whom she had "filium Henricum de Oylly" who died without heirs but had "sororem Margeriam" who was the mother of "Henricum…comitem de Warewyc et qui fuit pater ipsius Thome", and adds that "predicta Matillis" married secondly "Waltero filio Roberti avi istius Walteri" by whom she had "Symonem patrem ipsius Walteri"[588]. The date of his death is set by an order dated 18 Jul 1218 which records that "Robert fitz Walter, Simon´s brother…per the testament of his brother" had custody of "the land and heir of Walter of Carew"[589]. m (1200 or after) as her second husband, SARAH, widow of THOMAS de Burgh, daughter of ---. "Simon fil Walteri" paid a fine to marry "Sarra que fuit uxor Thome de Burgo" if she wishes and her property in Northamptonshire, dated 1200[590]. Simon & his wife had two children:

i) WALTER FitzSimon (-after 1234). "Simon fil Walteri" made a fine for returning to the king´s support naming "Matillid filia sua…filius suus primogenitus…" among the hostages which were given, dated 1216[591]. It is not known whether "filius suus primogenitus" refers to Walter FitzSimon or another otherwise unrecorded son. Bracton records a claim, dated 1234, by "Walterus filius Symonis" against "Thomam comitem de Warewyc" which records that "Matillis de Boun antecessor ipsius Symonis" was "uxor Henrici de Oylly" by whom she had "filium Henricum de Oylly" who died without heirs but had "sororem Margeriam" who was the mother of "Henricum…comitem de Warewyc et qui fuit pater ipsius Thome", and adds that "predicta Matillis" married secondly "Waltero filio Roberti avi istius Walteri" by whom she had "Symonem patrem ipsius Walteri"[592].

ii) MATILDA (-after 1216). "Simon fil Walteri" made a fine for returning to the king´s support naming "Matillid filia sua…filius suus primogenitus…" among the hostages which were given, dated 1216[593].

2. SIMON FitzRobert . A manuscript narrating the foundation of Daventre priory names “Walterum et Symoni fratri suo” as the two sons of “Robertus filius Ricardi” and his wife Matilda[594].

3. MATILDA de Senlis (-after 1185). The Rotuli de Dominabus of 1185 records “Matillis de Sainlis que fuit filia Roberti filii Ricardi et mater Willelmi de Albineio” and “terra sua in Hungertone et in Winewelle”[595]. "Willielmus de Albineio" donated "ecclesiam de Redmelina" to Belvoir monastery, Lincolnshire, with the consent of "Willielmi filii et hæredis mei et Matildis uxoris meæ et Ceciliæ matris meæ, necnon et Radulphi de Albinei fratris mei", by undated charter[596]. m WILLIAM de Albini Brito, son of WILLIAM de Albini Brito Lord of Belvoir, Lincolnshire & his wife Cecilia Bigod (-1168).

WALTER FitzRobert of Woodham Walter, Essex, son of ROBERT FitzWalter & his second wife Rohese --- (-shortly before 10 Apr 1258). Bracton records an inquiry, dated 1234/35, whether "Cristiana de Mandevilla soror Walteri filii Roberti" was seised of part of land "in Dersingham", which descended to her "ex parte Gunnore matris sue" and was inherited by "Henricus de Bailloil et Lora uxor eius" because "idem Walterus non fuit frater predicte Cristiane nisi ex parte patris"[597].

m (before 1247) IDA de Longespee, daughter of WILLIAM Longespee Earl of Salisbury & his wife Ela Ctss of Salisbury (-after 10 Apr 1262). The Book of Lacock names “Isabellam de Vescy…Elam…Idam de Camyle” as the daughters of “Guillelmus Longespe ex…Ela”, adding that Ida married “Walterus filius Roberti” by whom she had “Catarinam et Loricam…velatæ…apud Lacock, Elam, quam duxit primo Guillelmus de Dodingseles, de qua genuit ---, Robertum, qui Dernogoill ---“[598].

Walter & his wife had four children:

1. ROBERT FitzWalter (Henham 1247-18 Jan 1326). He became first Baron FitzWalter in 1295. m firstly DEVORGUILLA de Burgh, daughter of JOHN de Burgh of Wakerley, Northants & his wife Cecilia Balliol ([1255]-1284, bur Dunmow Priory) m secondly (King´s Chapel, Westminster 1289) ELEANOR Ferrers, daughter of ROBERT de Ferrers Earl of Derby & his second wife Eleanor de Bohun (-before May 1308, bur Dunmow Priory). A manuscript history of the foundation of Dunmow Priory records the marriage in 1289 of “Robertus filius Walteri” and “Alienoram filiam comitis de Ferrariis, sororem comitis de Ferrers” in the King´s Chapel, Westminster[599]. Robert & his first wife had two children:

a) WALTER FitzRobert (Henham 1275-Dunmow Priory 1293). m (Woodham 1286) as her first husband, JOAN Engaine, daughter of Sir JOHN Engaine of Laxton and Blatherwycke, Northants & his wife Joan de Greinville of Hallaton, Leicestershire (-1 Jun 1315). She married secondly Sir Adam de Welle of Well, Lincolnshire (-1 Sep 1311). Walter & his wife had one child:

i) ROBERT FitzWalter (1291-young).

b) CHRISTIAN (-before 6 Dec 1315). m WILLIAM Marshal of Hingham, Norfolk, son of JOHN Marshal & his wife Hawise --- (-killed in battle Bannockburn 24 Jun 1314). He became 1^st Baron Marshal 1309.

2. CATHERINE . The Book of Lacock names “Isabellam de Vescy…Elam…Idam de Camyle” as the daughters of “Guillelmus Longespe ex…Ela”, adding that Ida married “Walterus filius Roberti” by whom she had “Catarinam et Loricam…velatæ…apud Lacock, Elam, quam duxit primo Guillelmus de Dodingseles, de qua genuit ---, Robertum, qui Dernogoill ---“[600].

3. LORICA . The Book of Lacock names “Isabellam de Vescy…Elam…Idam de Camyle” as the daughters of “Guillelmus Longespe ex…Ela”, adding that Ida married “Walterus filius Roberti” by whom she had “Catarinam et Loricam…velatæ…apud Lacock, Elam, quam duxit primo Guillelmus de Dodingseles, de qua genuit ---, Robertum, qui Dernogoill ---“[601].

4. ELA . The Book of Lacock names “Isabellam de Vescy…Elam…Idam de Camyle” as the daughters of “Guillelmus Longespe ex…Ela”, adding that Ida married “Walterus filius Roberti” by whom she had “Catarinam et Loricam…velatæ…apud Lacock, Elam, quam duxit primo Guillelmus de Dodingseles, de qua genuit ---, Robertum, qui Dernogoill ---“[602]. m firstly WILLIAM de Dodingsells, son of ---. m secondly ---.

Chapter 14. FITZWARIN

1. WARIN [de Metz] . Eyton refers to the compositions known as the Fitz-Warin Chronicles, compiled from the songs of Trouvères, which purport to give an account of "Warin de Metz" and his descendants the FitzWarin families of Whittington and Alberbury in Shropshire[603]. m ---. The name of Warin´s wife is not known. The charter of Henry II King of England, dated 1154, which confirmed the gift by "Willelmus Peverel" of one Knight´s Fee in Tadlow, Cambridgeshire to "Fulconi filio Warini" suggests that Warin´s wife may have been related to the Peverel family[604]. Warin & his wife had [three] children:

a) ROGER FitzWarin (-[1145/54]). "Walcheline Maminoht" exchanged land with the abbot of Shrewsbury by charter dated to [1136/41], witnessed by "Roger Fitz Warin"[605]. "Walcheline Maminoht" granted Bradford Mill to Haughmond abbey by charter dated to [1145], witnessed by "Roger Fitz Warin and Fulk his brother"[606]. He died without issue before the accession of King Henry II[607].

b) FULK FitzWarin [I] (-[1170/71]). "Walcheline Maminoht" granted Bradford Mill to Haughmond abbey by charter dated to [1145], witnessed by "Roger Fitz Warin and Fulk his brother"[608]. Henry II King of England confirmed the gift by "Willelmus Peverel" of a Knight´s Fee in Tadlow, Cambridgeshire to "Fulconi filio Warini", by charter dated 1154, witnessed by "Ricardo de Humet, Constabulario, Willelmo filio Hamonis"[609]. Henry II King of England granted "Watebergam" to "Fulconi filio Guarini" by charter dated Jan 1156[610]. The 1155, 1156 and 1157 Pipe Rolls record "Fulconi fil Warini" at "Aloestan" (Alveston) in Gloucestershire, yielding ₤10 p. a.[611]. The 1157 Pipe Roll records "Folc. fil War" in Shropshire[612]. The Red Book of the Exchequer refers to "Fulco filius Garin i m" in Warwickshire, Leicestershire in [1167/68][613]. His date of death is fixed by the Pipe Roll recording the manor of Alveston to "Folcho fitz Warin" in Michaelmas 1170, but to "Fulko son of Fulko fitz Warin" in Michaelmas 1171[614]. m ---. The name of Fulk´s wife is not known. Fulk & his wife had four children:

i) FULK FitzWarin [II] (-[1195/98]). The Pipe Roll records the manor of Alveston to "Fulko son of Fulko fitz Warin" in Michaelmas 1171[615].

- see below.

ii) RALPH FitzWarin .

iii) RICHARD FitzWarin .

iv) WARIN FitzWarin .

c) [WILLIAM FitzWarin of Burwardsley (-[1162/75]). Henry II King of England directed that "William Fitz Warin may hod and have assarts in Salopesire", attested by Thomas à Becket, dated to [May 1162][616]. "William Fitz Warin of Burwasley" witnessed the charter dated to [1161/72] under which "Hugh de Dover and Matilda his wife" restored property to Shrewsbury abbey[617].] m ---. The name of William´s wife is not known. William & his wife had [two] children:

i) [WARIN de Burwardsley (-1212 or after). "Warin de Burwardesl and Philip his brother" witnessed a charter of Wenlock priory dated to [1169/76][618].] He and his descendants are shown in Eyton[619]. m ---. The name of Warin´s wife is not known. Warin & his wife had five children:

(a) PHILIP de Burwardsley (-[1240]). m EMMA, daughter of --- (-after 1259).

(b) ROGER de Burwardsley (-1243).

(c) MABEL (-after 1244). "Adam de Beissin" paid a fine for marrying "Mabel le Strange of Burwardesley" without the king´s licence in 1194[620]. m (1194 or before) ADAM de Beysin of Billingsley, son of --- (-1238).

(d) ALICE . m JOHN de Eyton, son of --- (-1244 or before).

(e) MARGERY (-before 10 May 1259). Margaret Bagot gave "half a mark for summoning Roger Martel before the Justices at Westminster to acquit her of the service which Milisent de Stafford demands of her for her freehold in Blumenhul and Brunton" in 1223/24[621]. A writ dated 10 May "43 Hen III", after the death of "Margery de Blumenhull", states that "Phelipe the wife of Geoffrey de Bromle, aged 30, is heir of 3 parts, and John son of William de Ipeston, aged 26, is heir of the fourth part"[622]. m JOHN Bagot of Blymhill, Staffordshire, son of [WILLIAM Bagot of Blymhill & his wife ---] (-1224 or before).

ii) [PHILIP . "Warin de Burwardesl and Philip his brother" witnessed a charter of Wenlock priory dated to [1169/76][623].]

FULK FitzWarin [II], son of FULK FitzWarin [I] & his wife --- (-[1195/98]). The Pipe Roll records the manor of Alveston to "Fulko son of Fulko fitz Warin" in Michaelmas 1171[624]. The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1190/91], records "Fulco filio Garini" paying "x s, i militem" in Warwickshire, Leicestershire[625]. The 1194/95 Pipe Roll records "Fulcho f Warini et Hawisa uxor eius" in Wiltshire[626].

m HAWISE de Dinan, daughter and co-heiress of JOSCELIN de Dinan & his wife --- (-1226 or after). Her family origin and marriage are confirmed by two lawsuits recorded in 1194 in which, in the first, "Hawisia de Dinat…Fulkon fil Warin" and "--- Sibill de Dinat uxore" are named, and in the second "Fulko fil Warin…Hawiss uxor sue" and "Sibill uxor Hug de Plugenai"[627]. The 1194/95 Pipe Roll records "Fulcho f Warini et Hawisa uxor eius" in Wiltshire[628]. "Hawis de Dinan et Sibill soror eius" paid a fine for "de Bokeland, Corfton in Sumerset et de Hertilande in Devon…vs Oliverum de Dinan", dated 1204[629].

Fulk & his wife had [eight] children:

1. FULK FitzWarin [III] (-[Oct 1250/1251]). The Legend of Fulk Fitz Warin names "Fouke, Willam, Phelip le Rous, Johan e Alayn" as the five sons of "Fouke e Hauwyse"[630]. "…Fulcus filius Warini et Alanus frater eius…" subscribed a charter dated to [1198] under which "Robertus Corbet" donated property to Buildwas Abbey[631]. The 1201 Pipe Roll names "Sibil, widow of Hugh de Plugenai and Hawise, mother of Fulk Fitz Warin" as co-parceners in Lamborn, Berkshire[632]. The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Fulco filius Warini" holding one knight´s fee in Shropshire in [1210/12][633]. The Testa de Nevill lists knights who held land in Gloucestershire, dated to [1211/13]: "Fulco filius Warini" held land "in Alwesten i militis"[634]. The king ordered the sheriff of Berkshire to "take into the king´s hands" the lands of "Fulk fitz Warin and Eva de Tracy and her sister on account of the son and heir of Thomas de London, who they detain from the king", dated to [1218/19][635]. A charter of Henry III King of England dated 12 Dec 1234 confirmed the foundation of Alberbury priory, Shropshire by "Fulconis filii Warini"[636]. The Legend of Fulk Fitz Warin records the death "a Blaunchevyle" of Fulk and his burial "a la Novele Abbeye"[637]. m firstly ([22 Jul/1 Oct] 1207) as her second husband, MATILDA le Vavasour, widow of THEOBALD Walter Butler of Ireland, daughter of ROBERT le Vavasour & his wife --- (-before Jan 1226, bur Priory of Sainte-Marie near "Alberburs"). King John ordered the restoration of the dower of "Matilda his daughter who was the wife of Theobald Walter" to "Robert le Vavasour" dated 20 Jul 1207[638]. King John ordered payment of her dower to "Fulk Fitz Warin and Matilda (who was the wife of Theobald Walter)" restoring to them what he "had previously granted to Robert le Vavasour", dated 1 Oct 1207[639]. The Legend of Fulk Fitz Warin records the death of "dame Mahaud de Caus" and her burial in "une priorie en le honour de Nostre Dame Seinte Marie de le ordre de Grantmont pres de Alberburs, en le boschage, sur la rivere de Sauverne"[640]. Betrothed (1226) to ANGHARAD, daughter of MADOG Prince of Northern Powys & his wife Isota ---. A letter from "W. de Lascy" to Hubert de Burgh, Justiciar, dated to [1226] urges him to bring forward the marriage of "Angaretham filiam Maddoci filii Griffini neptem meam" and "Fulconem filium Fulconis filii Warini"[641]. The precise relationship between Angharad and Walter de Lacy Lord of Meath has not yet been ascertained. The primary source which confirms that the marriage took place has not yet been identified. m secondly CLARICE, daughter of --- (-[1249/50]). The Legend of Fulk Fitz Warin records that "Fouke" married "dame Clarice de Auberville" after the death of his first wife[642]. The Legend of Fulk Fitz Warin records that "dame Clarice" died and was buried "a la Novele Abbeye" one year before the death of her husband[643]. Fulk & his first wife had five children:

a) HAWISE . The Legend of Fulk Fitz Warin names "Hauwyse, qe pus fust dame de Wemme" as the first daughter of "Fouke" and his wife "dame Mahaud de Caus"[644]. m (before Jan 1226) WILLIAM Pantulf of Wem, son of HUGH Pantulf & his wife Christiana FitzAlan (-[1232/4 Feb 1233]).

b) JOAN . The Legend of Fulk Fitz Warin records the birth of "Johane, qe pus fust mariee a sire Henre de Penebrugge" as the second daughter of "Fouke" and his wife "dame Mahaud de Caus"[645]. m HENRY de Pembruge, son of ---.

c) FULK FitzWarin [IV] (-killed in battle Lewes 14 May 1264). The Legend of Fulk Fitz Warin records the birth of "nee sur un montaigne de Gales…Johan…et quant lenfant fust conferme de evesqe, yl fust apelee Fouke" as the first son of "Fouke" and his wife "dame Mahaud de Caus"[646]. m CONSTANCE de Tosny, daughter of RALPH de Tosny of Castle Maud, Radnorshire & his wife Pernel de Lacy (-after 11 Feb 1266). Fulk FitzWarin [IV] & his wife had one child:

i) FULK FitzWarin [V] (-[Dec 1314]). m MABEL, daughter of GRUFFYDD ap Gwenwynwyn & his wife Hawise le Strange.

- LORDS FITZWARIN[647].

d) FULK FitzWarin of Alberbury (-[Oct 1292/1311]).

e) EVA . The Legend of Fulk Fitz Warin records that "Lowis le prince de Walys" married "sire Fouke…Eve sa file" after the death of his first wife "dame Johane…que fust la file le roi Henre de Engleterre"[648].

2. ALAN FitzWarin (-1203 or after). The Legend of Fulk Fitz Warin names "Fouke, Willam, Phelip le Rous, Johan e Alayn" as the five sons of "Fouke e Hauwyse"[649]. "…Fulcus filius Warini et Alanus frater eius…" subscribed a charter dated to [1198] under which "Robertus Corbet" donated property to Buildwas Abbey[650].

3. WILLIAM FitzWarin (-1236 or after). The Legend of Fulk Fitz Warin names "Fouke, Willam, Phelip le Rous, Johan e Alayn" as the five sons of "Fouke e Hauwyse"[651]. The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Willelmus filius Warin" holding two knights´ fees "de eschaeta Normannorum…Mael de Gamage" in Hereford in [1210/12][652]. The sheriff of Lincolnshire was ordered to confiscate the lands of "William fitz Warin" for non-payment of a debt, dated to [1218/19][653]. "William fitz Warin and Agnes his wife" made a fine for "having the lands of Rose of Odell which fall to Agnes by hereditary right", dated 2 Sep 1221[654]. m AGNES, daughter of ---. "William fitz Warin and Agnes his wife" made a fine for "having the lands of Rose of Odell which fall to Agnes by hereditary right", dated 2 Sep 1221[655].

4. PHILIP FitzWarin (-after 1203). The Legend of Fulk Fitz Warin names "Fouke, Willam, Phelip le Rous, Johan e Alayn" as the five sons of "Fouke e Hauwyse"[656].

5. JOHN [Ivo] FitzWarin (-after 1203). The Legend of Fulk Fitz Warin names "Fouke, Willam, Phelip le Rous, Johan e Alayn" as the five sons of "Fouke e Hauwyse"[657].

6. RICHARD FitzWarin (-1196 or after).

7. [EVA (-after [Jun] 1222). The Testa de Nevill includes a list of landholdings, dated 1219, which includes "Eva de Trascey" holding land "in Esgarestona…in hundredo de Launburn" in Berkshire and "Bovy" in Devonshire[658]. The parentage of Eva, and her relationship to the main Tracy family shown above, has not been traced. She could have been the widow of Oliver de Tracy. The king ordered the sheriff of Berkshire to "take into the king´s hands" the lands of "Fulk fitz Warin and Eva de Tracy and her sister on account of the son and heir of Thomas de London, who they detain from the king", dated to [1218/19][659], which suggests that Eva was closely related to Fulk FitzWarin [III], maybe his sister. Her first marriage is confirmed by an order to the sheriff of Devon to take "the daughter and heiress of Thomas of London [if] found in his bailiwick" and "if she has been abducted out of the bailiwick" to confiscate the lands of "Eva de Tracy her mother", dated to [1218/19][660]. "Eva de Tracy" paid a fine for "having a weekly market…at her manor of Bovey", dated 23 Oct 1219[661]. "Eva de Tracy" made a fine for marrying "Hawise her daughter…without licence", dated [Jun] 1222[662]. m firstly THOMAS de London, son of ---. m secondly OLIVER de Tracy, son of HENRY de Tracy & his first wife Hawise --- (-after 1203).]

8. [daughter . The king ordered the sheriff of Berkshire to "take into the king´s hands" the lands of "Fulk fitz Warin and Eva de Tracy and her sister on account of the son and heir of Thomas de London, who they detain from the king", dated to [1218/19][663].]

Chapter 15. FITZWILLIAM

A. DESCENDANTS of RICHARD FITZTUROLD

1. RICHARD FitzTurold (-after 1103). "…Richard fitz Turolf…" witnessed the charter dated to [1103/04] under which King Henry I confirmed property to Saint-Martin de Marmoutier, Tours[664]. m ---. Richard & his wife had one child:

a) WILLIAM FitzRichard (-after 1136). Lord of Cardinham, Cornwall. "…William fitz Richard…" witnessed the charter dated to [15 Apr 1123] under which King Henry I restored churches in Cornwall and Devon to Exeter Cathedral[665]. The 1130 Pipe Roll records "Wills fil Ric" returning in Devonshire for "uxore Fulbti de Doura cum dote et maritagio suo"[666]. The relationship between William FitzRichard and the family of Fulbert of Dover has not been traced. "…[W]illelmus filius Ri[cardi]" witnessed the charter dated [Apr/21 Nov] 1136 under which King Stephen confirmed churches to Exeter Cathedral[667]. m ---. William & his wife had [three] children:

i) [ROBERT FitzWilliam (-after 1169). A charter of King Henry III, dated 6 May 1235, records donations to Tywardreth Priory, Cornwall by “Robertus filius Willielmi et Agnes uxor…et Robertus meus filius” dated 1169 which names Robert as "fratre Baldewyno existente priore apud Tiwardrait"[668].] m AGNES, daughter of --- (-after 1169). A charter of King Henry III, dated 6 May 1235, records donations to Tywardreth Priory, Cornwall by “Robertus filius Willielmi et Agnes uxor…et Robertus meus filius” dated 1169 which names Robert as "fratre Baldewyno existente priore apud Tiwardrait"[669]. Robert & his wife had one child:

(a) ROBERT . A charter of King Henry III, dated 6 May 1235, records donations to Tywardreth Priory, Cornwall by “Robertus filius Willielmi et Agnes uxor…et Robertus meus filius” dated 1169 which names Robert as "fratre Baldewyno existente priore apud Tiwardrait"[670].

ii) [BALDWIN (-after 1169). Prior of Tywardreth. A charter of King Henry III, dated 6 May 1235, records donations to Tywardreth Priory, Cornwall by “Robertus filius Willielmi et Agnes uxor…et Robertus meus filius” dated 1169 which names Robert as "fratre Baldewyno existente priore apud Tiwardrait"[671].]

iii) BEATRICE FitzWilliam . The Gesta Stephani Regis records that "Willelmus filius Ricardi…[in] comitatus Cornubiensis" rebelled against King Stephen and married "filiam suam" to "Reinaldo filio regis Henrici", dated to [1140/42][672]. The primary source which confirms her name has not yet been identified. She is called Mabilia in Domesday Descendants[673]. m ([1141]) RENAUD [de Dunstanville], illegitimate son of HENRY I King of England & his mistress Sibyl Corbet ([1110/15]-Chertsey, Surrey 1 Jul 1175, bur Reading Abbey). He was created Earl of Cornwall in [Apr 1141] by his half-sister Empress Matilda.

2. GILBERT FitzTurold . King Henry I refers to land "in Compton Greenfield which Gilbert fitz Turold held" in a charter dated to [1111 before 2 Apr][674].

B. DESCENDANTS of WILLIAM FITZGODRIC

1. GODRIC . m ---. The name of Godric´s wife is not known. Godric & his wife had one child:

a) WILLIAM FitzGodric (-before 1200). "Willelmus filius Godrici" paid a fine for his marriage with "matre Johannis constabularii" in 1178[675]. m ([1178]) as her second husband, AUBREYE de Lisours, widow of RICHARD FitzEustache, daughter of ROBERT de Lisours & his wife Aubreye [de Lacy] (-after Sep 1200). A manuscript history of the Lacy family records that “Albreda vel Aubreia, filia Roberti Lisours, soror ex parte matris” succeeded on the death of “Robertus Lacy” and that she married “Richardus constabularius Cestriæ”[676]. "Willelmus filius Godrici" paid a fine for his marriage with "matre Johannis constabularii" in 1178[677]. A charter dated 1194 records a final agreement relating to a dispute between “Albredam de Lisores et Rogerum constabularium Cestrie nepotem suum” concerning the land of “Roberti de Lasci”, also naming “Roberti de Lisores patris ipsius Albrede” and “Willelmus filius prefate Albrede”[678]. William & his wife had one child:

i) WILLIAM . His parentage is confirmed by the charter dated 1331 under which “Willielmus filius Willielmi dominus de Sprotburgh” confirmed the donations to Hampole Priory made by "Albredæ de Lisours…Johannis constabularii Cestriæ filii dictæ Albredæ…Willielmi filii Willielmi, filii et hæredis prædictæ Albredæ de Lisours…"[679]. A charter dated 1194 records a final agreement relating to a dispute between “Albredam de Lisores et Rogerum constabularium Cestrie nepotem suum” concerning the land of “Roberti de Lasci”, also naming “Roberti de Lisores patris ipsius Albrede” and “Willelmus filius prefate Albrede”[680]. m AVICE de Tanai, daughter of ---. The primary source which confirms her parentage and marriage has not yet been identified. William & his wife had two children:

(a) WILLIAM (-after 9 Feb 1219). His parentage is confirmed by the charter dated 1331 under which “Willielmus filius Willielmi dominus de Sprotburgh” confirmed the donations to Hampole Priory made by "Albredæ de Lisours…Johannis constabularii Cestriæ filii dictæ Albredæ…Willielmi filii Willielmi, filii et hæredis prædictæ Albredæ de Lisours…Matildis quondam uxoris suæ…"[681].

- see below.

(b) SIBYLLA . “Radulphus de Tilli filius Radulphi de Tilli et Sibillæ de Clerefai” confirmed the donations to Hampole Priory made by "Avicia de Tanai avia mea et Sibilla mater mea" by undated charter[682]. “Rogerus de Tilli filius Radulfi de Tilli, et Sibillæ de Clerefai” confirmed the donations to Hampole Priory made by "Avicia de Taneia avia mea et Sibilla mater mea", as also confirmed by "Radulphus de Tilli frater meus", by undated charter witnessed by "Hugone de Tilli avunculo meo…"[683]. Roger Archbishop of York confirmed donations made to Hampole Priory by “Willielmi de Clarafai et Aviciæ de Tanai uxoris suæ et Albrede de Lisurs” by undated charter witnessed by "Hugone de Tilli avunculo meo…"[684]. m RALPH de Tilly, son of ---.

WILLIAM, son of WILLIAM & his wife Avice de Tanai (-after 9 Feb 1219). His parentage is confirmed by the charter dated 1331 under which “Willielmus filius Willielmi dominus de Sprotburgh” confirmed the donations to Hampole Priory made by "Albredæ de Lisours…Johannis constabularii Cestriæ filii dictæ Albredæ…Willielmi filii Willielmi, filii et hæredis prædictæ Albredæ de Lisours…Matildis quondam uxoris suæ…"[685].

m MATILDA, daughter of ---. Her marriage is confirmed by the charter dated 1331 under which “Willielmus filius Willielmi dominus de Sprotburgh” confirmed the donations to Hampole Priory made by "…Willielmi filii Willielmi, filii et hæredis prædictæ Albredæ de Lisours…Matildis quondam uxoris suæ…"[686].

William & his wife had one child:

1. THOMAS (-after 1266). His parentage is confirmed by the charter dated 1331 under which “Willielmus filius Willielmi dominus de Sprotburgh” confirmed the donations to Hampole Priory made by "Albredæ de Lisours…Johannis constabularii Cestriæ filii dictæ Albredæ…Willielmi filii Willielmi, filii et hæredis prædictæ Albredæ de Lisours…Matildis quondam uxoris suæ…Thomæ filii Willielmi…Willielmi filii Thomæ, domini de Sprotburgh, patris mei"[687]. Lord of Spotborough. m AGNES Bertram, daughter of ROGER Bertram & his wife ---. Her parentage and marriage are stated by Barron, who does not cite the corresponding primary source[688]. Thomas & his wife had one child:

a) WILLIAM FitzThomas (-before 1294). His parentage is confirmed by the charter dated 1331 under which “Willielmus filius Willielmi dominus de Sprotburgh” confirmed the donations to Hampole Priory made by "Albredæ de Lisours…Johannis constabularii Cestriæ filii dictæ Albredæ…Willielmi filii Willielmi, filii et hæredis prædictæ Albredæ de Lisours…Matildis quondam uxoris suæ…Thomæ filii Willielmi…Willielmi filii Thomæ, domini de Sprotburgh, patris mei"[689]. m ---. William & his wife had one child:

i) WILLIAM FitzWilliam (-after 1331). “Willielmus filius Willielmi dominus de Sprotburgh” confirmed the donations to Hampole Priory made by "Albredæ de Lisours…Johannis constabularii Cestriæ filii dictæ Albredæ…Willielmi filii Willielmi, filii et hæredis prædictæ Albredæ de Lisours…Matildis quondam uxoris suæ…Thomæ filii Willielmi…Willielmi filii Thomæ, domini de Sprotburgh, patris mei" by charter dated 1331[690].

- FITZWILLIAM FAMILY[691].

Chapter 16. FLAMVILLE (FLAMENVILLE)

1. HUGUES de Flamenville (-after 1074). "Hugo de Flamenvilla" sold property "quam tenebat de domino suo Rodulfo de Warethana in Amundi Villæ…et in Maltevilla…[et] in Flamenvilla" by undated charter which also records that later "supra memoratus Rodulfus et uxor eius…Emma ac filii eorum Rodulfus et Willelmus" confirmed the agreement, signed by "…ipsius Hugonis de Flamenvilla, Rotberti filii eius, Gisleberti filii eiusdem…"[692]. "Quidam miles de la Bruere…Alveredus, annuente Adheliza uxore sua" sold "decimas…in Maltevilla et Amunde Villa" to Sainte-Trinité de Rouen, with the consent of "Wido comes et Rodulfus de Warethna cum uxore sua…Emma", by undated charter, signed by "…Goiffredi fratris Alveredi, Hugonis de Flamenvilla, Roberti filii eius…"[693]. "…Hugonis de Flamenvilla, Rainaldi, Guillelmi, filiorum eius, Gisleberti clerici, Leudonis" signed the charter dated 1074 under which "Rodulfus de Warenna eiusque conjux…Emma cum filiis suis Rodulfo…atque Willelmo" sold land in "quattuor villarum Caletensis pagi, Maltevillæ…Flamenvillæ, Amundi Villæ et Anglicevillæ" to Sainte-Trinité de Rouen, as well as "totius Osulfi Villæ eiusdem Caletensis pagi" sold by "Guillelmo filio Rogerii filii Hugonis episcopi"[694]. m ---. The name of Hugues´s wife is not known. Hugues & his wife had four children:

a) ROBERT de Flamenville . "Hugo de Flamenvilla" sold property "quam tenebat de domino suo Rodulfo de Warethana in Amundi Villæ…et in Maltevilla…[et] in Flamenvilla" by undated charter which also records that later "supra memoratus Rodulfus et uxor eius…Emma ac filii eorum Rodulfus et Willelmus" confirmed the agreement, signed by "…ipsius Hugonis de Flamenvilla, Rotberti filii eius, Gisleberti filii eiusdem…"[695]. "Quidam miles de la Bruere…Alveredus, annuente Adheliza uxore sua" sold "decimas…in Maltevilla et Amunde Villa" to Sainte-Trinité de Rouen, with the consent of "Wido comes et Rodulfus de Warethna cum uxore sua…Emma", by undated charter, signed by "…Goiffredi fratris Alveredi, Hugonis de Flamenvilla, Roberti filii eius…"[696].

b) GILBERT de Flamenville . "Hugo de Flamenvilla" sold property "quam tenebat de domino suo Rodulfo de Warethana in Amundi Villæ…et in Maltevilla…[et] in Flamenvilla" by undated charter which also records that later "supra memoratus Rodulfus et uxor eius…Emma ac filii eorum Rodulfus et Willelmus" confirmed the agreement, signed by "…ipsius Hugonis de Flamenvilla, Rotberti filii eius, Gisleberti filii eiusdem…"[697].

c) RAINALD de Flamenville (-after 1074). "…Hugonis de Flamenvilla, Rainaldi, Guillelmi, filiorum eius, Gisleberti clerici, Leudonis" signed the charter dated 1074 under which "Rodulfus de Warenna eiusque conjux…Emma cum filiis suis Rodulfo…atque Willelmo" sold land in "quattuor villarum Caletensis pagi, Maltevillæ…Flamenvillæ, Amundi Villæ et Anglicevillæ" to Sainte-Trinité de Rouen, as well as "totius Osulfi Villæ eiusdem Caletensis pagi" sold by "Guillelmo filio Rogerii filii Hugonis episcopi"[698].

d) GUILLAUME de Flamenville (-after 1074). "…Hugonis de Flamenvilla, Rainaldi, Guillelmi, filiorum eius, Gisleberti clerici, Leudonis" signed the charter dated 1074 under which "Rodulfus de Warenna eiusque conjux…Emma cum filiis suis Rodulfo…atque Willelmo" sold land in "quattuor villarum Caletensis pagi, Maltevillæ…Flamenvillæ, Amundi Villæ et Anglicevillæ" to Sainte-Trinité de Rouen, as well as "totius Osulfi Villæ eiusdem Caletensis pagi" sold by "Guillelmo filio Rogerii filii Hugonis episcopi"[699].

1. ROBERT de Flamville .

2. --- de Flamville . m ---. One child:

a) ERNEBURGA de Flamville . Her parentage and marriage are confirmed by the 1130 Pipe Roll which records "Hugo de Hasting" in Leicestershire after his marriage to "nepte Rob de Flamenvilla"[700]. m (before 1130) HUGH de Hastings, son of WILLIAM de Hastings & his wife --- de Windsor (-1163 or before).

3. ROGER de Flamville (-after 1130). The 1130 Pipe Roll records "Rogs de Flamenvilla" in Yorkshire, Northumberland[701].

4. ROGER de Flamville (-after 1167). The chronology of his marriage makes it improbable that this was the same Roger de Flamville who was recorded in the 1130 Pipe Roll. The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Rogerus de Flamville" holding "viii militum et dimidium" in Yorkshire from Roger de Mowbray in 1166[702]. m as her first husband, IVETA de Arches, daughter and heiress of WILLIAM de Arches & his wife --- (-after 1192). “Iveta de Arches, uxor domini Rogeri de Flamevilla” confirmed her husband´s donations to Malton priory by undated charter[703]. “Jueta de Arches” donated property, formerly held by “Willelmus de Archis pater meus”, to the church of St Peter, York by charter dated to [1167/90][704]. She married secondly Adam de Brus. “Juetta de Arches” granted property to “Isabelle de Brus filie mee” by charter dated to 1192[705]. Roger & his wife had three children:

a) HUGH de Flamville (-before 1214). “Willelmus de Percy de Kildale” confirmed a donation by “Robertus de Brus…de feodo Ernulfi de Percy avi mei” to Gysborn priory, for the soul of “Agnetis uxoris mee”, by charter dated to [1171/95], witnessed by “…Hugone de Flamevilla…Henrico de Percy…”[706]. [The 1194/95 Pipe Roll records "Hugo Flammanuilla" owing "x li. pro habenda custodia sororis sue cum terra sua que fuit uxor Roberti de Aistan" in Norfolk & Suffolk[707].] "Alanus de Flamville" paid a fine relating to a claim "inter Elyam patrem predicti Alani cujus heres ipse est" and "Hug de Flamvill cujus heredes Matill de Flamville et Agn soror eius sunt", dated 1214[708].

b) [daughter . The 1194/95 Pipe Roll records "Hugo Flammanuilla" owing "x li. pro habenda custodia sororis sue cum terra sua que fuit uxor Roberti de Aistan" in Norfolk & Suffolk[709]. It is not known whether "Hugo Flammanuilla" was the same person as Hugh de Flamville, son of Roger de Flamville. m ROBERT de Aistan, son of ---.] same person as…? MATILDA de Flamville (-after 1214). "Alanus de Flamville" paid a fine relating to a claim "inter Elyam patrem predicti Alani cujus heres ipse est" and "Hug de Flamvill cujus heredes Matill de Flamville et Agn soror eius sunt", dated 1214[710].

c) AGNES de Flamville (-after 1214). “Willelmus de Percy de Kildale” confirmed a donation by “Robertus de Brus…de feodo Ernulfi de Percy avi mei” to Gysborn priory, for the soul of “Agnetis uxoris mee”, by charter dated to [1171/95], witnessed by “…Hugone de Flamevilla…Henrico de Percy…”[711]. Bracton records a claim, dated 1219, by "Walterus de Percy" against "Magistrum hospitalis Sancti Leonardi de Eboraco" concerning "terre…in Martona" of which "Agnes de Flamnanvilla mater sua…Joannem le Birkin quondam virum ipsius Agnetis" was seised[712]. m firstly WILLIAM de Percy of Kildale, son of ROBERT Percy & his wife Agnes --- (-1202). m secondly JOHN le Birkin, son of ---.

5. ELIAS de Flamville (-before 1214). m ---. The name of Elias´s wife is not known. Elias & his wife had :

a) ALAN de Flamville . "Alanus de Flamville" paid a fine relating to a claim "inter Elyam patrem predicti Alani cujus heres ipse est" and "Hug de Flamvill cujus heredes Matill de Flamville et Agn soror eius sunt", dated 1214[713].

Four siblings:

1. WILLIAM de Flamville (-before 1219). m as her first husband, ---, daughter of ---. She married secondly (before 1219) Walter de Burdun. The Testa de Nevill includes a list of landholdings in Yorkshire, dated 1219, which includes "quedam domina que fuit uxor Willelmi de Flamvill…maritata est Waltero de Burdun" holding land in Northumberland[714].

2. daughter . The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Michael filius Michaelis et W[illelmus] Batayle et Radulfus de Glentedone" holding "cum sororibus Willelmi de Flamaville, medietatem de Wytingeham" in Northumberland in [1210/12][715]. m (before [1210/12]) MICHAEL FitzMichael, son of MICHAEL & his wife ---.

3. daughter . The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Michael filius Michaelis et W[illelmus] Batayle et Radulfus de Glentedone" holding "cum sororibus Willelmi de Flamaville, medietatem de Wytingeham" in Northumberland in [1210/12][716]. m (before [1210/12]) WILLIAM de Bataille, son of --- (-after 1219). The Testa de Nevill includes a list of landholdings in Yorkshire, dated 1219, which includes "Willelmus Bataille", married to "quondam dominam…soror Willelmi Flamvull", holding land in Northumberland[717].

4. daughter . The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Michael filius Michaelis et W[illelmus] Batayle et Radulfus de Glentedone" holding "cum sororibus Willelmi de Flamaville, medietatem de Wytingeham" in Northumberland in [1210/12][718]. m (before [1210/12]) RALPH de Glentedon, son of ---.

Chapter 17. FORZ

WILLIAM de Forz, son of GUILLAUME de Forz Comte d´Aumâle & his wife Hawise Ctss d´Aumâle (-29 Mar 1241). The 13th century Histoire des ducs de Normandie et des rois d´Angleterre records that "Aubemalle…Havi le contesse" married successively "le conte de Mandeville…Guillaumes" by whom she was childless, "Guillaume de Fors" by whom she had "i fills…Guillaumes", and thirdly "Bauduin de Biethune"[719]. The Cronicon Cumbriæ names “Hawysiam” as the child of “Willielmus Grossus comes Albemarliæ” and his wife, adding that he was succeeded by “Willielmus de Fortibus comes Albemarliæ”, in turn succeeded by “alter Willielmus de Fortibus”, and the latter by “Avelina” who married “Edmondo fratri domini Regis E” and died childless[720]. Lord of Holderness. He succeeded as titular Comte d'Aumâle. “Willielmus comes de Albamare filius Hawisæ comitissæ de Albamare” donated property to Garendon Abbey by undated charter[721]. He was one of the 25 conservators of Magna Carta[722]. Matthew of Paris records that he died in the Mediterranean[723].

m (1214) AVELINE de Montfichet, daughter of RICHARD de Montfichet, of Stansted, Essex & his wife Milicent --- (-[Nov] 1239, bur Thornton Abbey). A manuscript history of the foundation of Melsa Abbey records that “Willielmum de Forz secundum” married “Avelinam…filiam…Ricardi de Munfichet”[724]. Matthew of Paris records the death in 1239 of "Aveline de Forz Ctss d'Aumâle"[725]. An undated writ "52 Hen III", after the death of "Richard de Muntfichet", records that "he had 3 sisters, Margery, Avelina and Philippa…from Avelina issued William de Fortibus earl of Albemarle whose heirs are under age and in the king´s wardship"[726]. A writ dated 20 Feb "3 Edw I", after the death of "Avelina late the wife of Edmund the king´s brother", names as heirs of "Richard de Munfichet…his three sisters…the second sister Avelina married William de Forz earl of Albemarle, and from them issued William de Forz the last earl of Albemarle, who had two sons Thomas and William who died without heirs of their bodies…" and the declaring the descendants of the sisters of Aveline de Montfichet as heirs of Aveline de Forz[727].

William & his wife had one child:

1. WILLIAM de Forz ([1214/15]-Amiens 23 May 1260, bur Meaux Abbey). Henry III King of England confirmed that "Willelmus de Fotz, comes Aubemarle" had transferred "Willelmum filium suum primogenitam" as a hostage in return for receiving "castrum nostrum de Salvat", dated 17 Dec 1216[728]. The Cronicon Cumbriæ names “Hawysiam” as the child of “Willielmus Grossus comes Albemarliæ” and his wife, adding that he was succeeded by “Willielmus de Fortibus comes Albemarliæ”, in turn succeeded by “alter Willielmus de Fortibus”, and the latter by “Avelina” who married “Edmondo fratri domini Regis E” and died childless[729]. "W filio comitis de Aubemarliæ" is named as son-in-law of Alan of Galloway by Matthew of Paris, who does not name his wife[730]. Lord of Holderness. He succeeded as titular Comte d'Aumâle. "William de Fortibus, son of William de Fortibus late count of Aumale…and Christiana his wife" were granted "the manor of Driffield, co York and the manor of Tingden co Northampton", dated 5 Oct 1241[731]. The Annales Londonienses record the death in 1260 of "comes Albemarliæ…in transmarinis partibus"[732]. The Chronicle of Meaux, in Yorkshire, records the death "in civitate Ambianensi" in 1260 of "dominus Willelmus de Fortibus tertius ultimus comes Albermarliæ" and his burial "in presbyterio nostro juxta filiam suam"[733]. A hearing "44 Hen III", after the death of "William de Fortibus alias de Ford, de Forz Earl of Albemarle" names "Thomas his son, aged 7 on the morrow of the Nativity of the Blessed May next, is his heir and as yet in the wardship of his mother"[734]. m firstly (before Apr 1236) CHRISTIAN of Galloway, daughter of ALAN Lord of Galloway & his second wife Margaret of Scotland (-shortly before 29 Jul 1246). The Liber Pluscardensis records that the third daughter of "Alanus de Galway filius Rotholandi de Galway" married "comes Albemarliæ"[735]. "William de Fortibus, son of William de Fortibus late count of Aumale…and Christiana his wife" were granted "the manor of Driffield, co York and the manor of Tingden co Northampton", dated 5 Oct 1241[736]. Matthew of Paris records the death in 1246 of "comitissa quoque Albemarliæ filia Alani de Galeweia sororque comitisse Wintoniæ"[737]. m secondly (1248) ISABEL de Reviers, daughter of BALDWIN de Reviers Earl of Devon & his wife Amice de Clare (Jul 1237-Stockwell, Surrey 10 Nov 1293, bur Breamore Priory, Hants). The Fundationis et Fundatorum Historia of Ford Abbey names “Baldwinum quintum postea comitum et Isabellam Albermarliæ” as the children of “Baldwinum quartum” & his wife, adding that Isabel succeeded after the death of her brother without children but also died childless[738]. The Annals of Tewkesbury record the marriage in 1248 of “filia comitis Devoniæ” to “comiti de Aubemarle”[739]. Writs dated 13 Jan and 13 Jul "47 Hen III", after the death of "Baldwin de Insula earl of Devon", names "Isabel de Fortibus countess of Albemarla, late the wife of the earl of Albemarle, his sister, age variously stated as 24 and more and 25, is his heir through the death of his son"[740]. "Isabella de Fortibus comitissa de Albemarle et Devonie ac Domina Insule" confirmed donations to the abbey of Loders, Dorset, for the souls of "quondam bone memorie Willelmi de Fortibus comitis Albemalle viri nostri et pro animabus Thome et Willelmi de Fortibus filiorum predicti comitis", by charter dated to 1269, witnessed by "Dominis Johanne, filio Johannis…"[741]. “Isabella de Fortibus comitissa de Albemarle et Devoniæ, ac domina Insulæ” donated property to Quarr Abbey, for the soul of “domini mei Willielmi de Fortibus comitis Albemarliæ”, by undated charter[742]. William & his second wife had five children:

a) JOHN de Forez (-before 11 Aug 1260). The Complete Peerage cites a petition dated [1315], by Thomas de Multon and Anthony de Lucy, relating to the manors of Cockermouth and Skipton, which names "John, Thomas, William, Avice and Aveline" as the five children of William de Forz[743].

b) THOMAS de Forz (9 Sep 1253-before 6 Apr 1269, bur Black Friars Church, Stamford, Lincs). A hearing "44 Hen III", after the death of "William de Fortibus alias de Ford, de Forz Earl of Albemarle" names "Thomas his son, aged 7 on the morrow of the Nativity of the Blessed May next, is his heir and as yet in the wardship of his mother"[744]. "Isabella de Fortibus comitissa de Albemarle et Devonie ac Domina Insule" confirmed donations to the abbey of Loders, Dorset, for the souls of "quondam bone memorie Willelmi de Fortibus comitis Albemalle viri nostri et pro animabus Thome et Willelmi de Fortibus filiorum predicti comitis", by charter dated to 1269[745]. The wording of this charter suggests ("filiorum predicti comitis" instead of "filiorum meorum") that the donor was not the mother of Thomas and William but the chronology of this family indicates that this was not the case. The drafting of the charter is ambiguous whether Thomas and William were deceased at the time or not.

c) WILLIAM de Forz (-Oxford, bur Black Friars Church, Oxford). "Isabella de Fortibus comitissa de Albemarle et Devonie ac Domina Insule" confirmed donations to the abbey of Loders, Dorset, for the souls of "quondam bone memorie Willelmi de Fortibus comitis Albemalle viri nostri et pro animabus Thome et Willelmi de Fortibus filiorum predicti comitis", by charter dated to 1269[746]. The wording of this charter suggests ("filiorum predicti comitis" instead of "filiorum meorum") that the donor was not the mother of Thomas and William but the chronology of this family indicates that this was not the case. The drafting of the charter is ambiguous whether Thomas and William were deceased at the time or not.

d) AVICE de Forz (-[1260], bur [Meaux abbey]). The Complete Peerage cites a petition dated [1315], by Thomas de Multon and Anthony de Lucy, relating to the manors of Cockermouth and Skipton, which names "John, Thomas, William, Avice and Aveline" as the five children of William de Forz[747]. The Chronicle of Meaux records that "Willielmum de Fortibus tertium" had "filias…quarum una" was buried "in presbyterio nostro", and "una earum Avelina" married "Edmundo filio regis Henrici tertii"[748]. It is assumed that the former entry refers to Avice, although her name is not specified. Another passage in the same source records the death of her father and his burial "in presbyterio nostro juxta filiam suam"[749], which suggests that the two died around the same time.

e) AVELINE de Forz (Burstwick, Yorks 20 Jan 1259-10 Nov 1274, bur Westminster Abbey). The Cronicon Cumbriæ names “Hawysiam” as the child of “Willielmus Grossus comes Albemarliæ” and his wife, adding that he was succeeded by “Willielmus de Fortibus comes Albemarliæ”, in turn succeeded by “alter Willielmus de Fortibus”, and the latter by “Avelina” who married “Edmondo fratri domini Regis E” and died childless[750]. The Continuator of Florence of Worcester records the marriage "VI Id Apr" of "Eadmundus filius Henrici regis" and "filiam et hæredem comitis Aubemarliæ" at Westminster[751]. The Continuator of Florence of Worcester records the death in 1274 of "Avelina uxor domini Eadmundi regis filii comitissa Aubermarliæ"[752]. The Chronicle of Thomas Wykes records the death “circa festum Sancti Martini” in 1274 of “uxor domini Edmundi fratris…regis nostri”[753]. m (contract 6 Apr 1269, Westminster Abbey 8/9 Apr 1269) as his first wife, EDMUND “Crouchback/Gibbosus” of England Earl of Lancaster, son of HENRY III King of England & his wife Eléonore de Provence (London 16 Jan 1245-Bayonne 5 Jun 1296, bur Westminster Abbey).

Chapter 18. GIFFARD

A. GIFFARD of ELSTON, WILTSHIRE & GLOUCESTERSHIRE

1. OSBERN Giffard of Elston in Orcheston St George, Wiltshire (-after 1096). m ---. The name of Osbern´s wife is not known. Osbern & his wife had [two] children:

a) ELIAS Giffard (-[1130]). "Helyas Gyffard et Ala uxor eius…et filius eorum Elyas" donated "Bocholt" to Gloucester St Peter in 1121[754]. The 1130 Pipe Roll records "Elye Giff" in Wiltshire, Gloucestershire and Northamptonshire[755]. m