This document sets out English noble families in the post-conquest period who were granted no title of nobility, at least not before the late 13th century, whose names start with the letters L to O. It represents a selection of these families, chosen only because they were the ones for whom records were found in the primary sources so far consulted. The scope of this document is being expanded as further sources are studied. It should be emphasised that the reconstructions in this document do not generally include outlines from secondary sources. The objective is to expand the reconstructions based only on primary sources, to avoid perpetuating errors.

Please see the introduction to the document UNTITLED ENGLISH NOBILITY A - C for more general background information on these families.

Chapter 1. LACY

1. --- [de Lacy], son of --- (-before 1069). The Chronique de Normandie, based on le Roman de Rou, names "le sire de Lacy" among those who took part in the conquest of England in 1066[1]. Ellis suggests that the father of Walter de Lacy and Ilbert de Lacy was named Hugh "for each gave this name to a son"[2]. m EMMA, daughter of ---. "Emma mater Hilberti de Lacei" donated property "in monte…Mainart" to Saint-Amand on becoming a nun, by undated charter[3]. Ellis dates this charter to before 1069[4]. Two children:

a) [WALTER de Lacy (-27 Mar 1085). Ellis suggests that Walter de Lacy was the brother of Ilbert de Lacy, highlighting that Walter held a "knight´s fee in Lassy and Campeaux" in Normandy from Odo Bishop of Bayeux and that "this fief was afterwards held in parage by the heirs of Walter and Ilbert". He shows the supposed brothers in his genealogical table as born from different mothers[5]. Presumably he bases this on Emma naming only her son Ilbert in the charter which is quoted above. However, there could be many explanations for the omission of Walter from the document and, assuming that the two were brothers, it seems probable that Emma was also the mother of Walter, who gave this name to his second daughter. A manuscript which lists donations to Gloucester St Peter includes a record of the donation in 1080 by "Walterus de Lacy" of “terras de le Dene", confirmed by "rege Willielmo seniore", before "oblato Domino et sancto Petro, Waltero filio suo tunc parvulo"[6].]

- see below.

b) ILBERT de Lacy (-[1093], bur [Pontefract Priory]). "Emma mater Hilberti de Lacei" donated property "in monte…Mainart" to Saint-Amand on becoming a nun, by undated charter[7]. The Chronique de Normandie, based on le Roman de Rou, names "le sire de Lacy" (twice) among those who took part in the conquest of England in 1066[8]. A manuscript history of the Lacy family records that “Ilberto de Lacy” accompanied William “the Conqueror” to England and was awarded “dominio et honore de Pontefracto”, adding that he was buried “ad dextrum cornu altaris sancti Benedicti” (which appears from the context to refer to Pontefract Priory)[9]. “Hilbertus de Laceio…cum Hadrude uxore mea” donated property to the Holy Trinity of the Mount, Rouen, for the souls of “…filiique mei Hugonis” who is buried there, by charter dated to [1088/94][10]. A charter of King Henry II records donations to York St Mary, including the donation of land “in Meretona et in Gerford” by “Ilbertus de Laci”[11]. The Liber Vitæ of Durham names "Ilbertus de Laceio, Hathewis sua uxor, Rodbertus et Hugo filii eorum"[12]. m HAWISE, daughter of ---. “Robertus de Laceio” founded Pontefract Priory, for the soul of “Hylberti patris mei et Hawisiæ matris meæ”, by undated charter[13]. “Hilbertus de Laceio…cum Hadrude uxore mea” donated property to the Holy Trinity of the Mount, Rouen, for the souls of “…filiique mei Hugonis” who is buried there, by charter dated to [1088/94][14]. It is not known whether “Hadrude” was a mistranscription for Hawise, or whether Ilbert had two wives with these names. A manuscript history of the Lacy family records that “Ilberto de Lacy…uxor eius” was buried “ad sinistrum cornu altaris [sancti Benedicti]” (which appears from the context to refer to Pontefract Priory)[15]. The Liber Vitæ of Durham names "Ilbertus de Laceio, Hathewis sua uxor, Rodbertus et Hugo filii eorum"[16]. Ilbert & his wife had three children:

i) ROBERT de Lacy (-after 23 Nov 1102, bur Pontefract Priory). A manuscript history of the Lacy family names “Robertum Lacy” as son of “Ilberto de Lacy” and his wife “Hauisia”, adding that he founded “monasterium apud Pontefractum”, died during the reign of King William II, and was buried at Pontefract[17].

- see below.

ii) HUGH (-bur Holy Trinity of the Mount, Rouen). “Rodbertus de Laceio” confirmed the donation by “pater meus Hilbertus” to Selby Abbey, for the soul of “fratris mei Hugonis”, by undated charter[18]. “Hilbertus de Laceio…cum Hadrude uxore mea” donated property to the Holy Trinity of the Mount, Rouen, for the souls of “…filiique mei Hugonis” who is buried there, by charter dated to [1088/94][19]. The Liber Vitæ of Durham names "Ilbertus de Laceio, Hathewis sua uxor, Rodbertus et Hugo filii eorum"[20].

iii) [MATILDA . “Henricum de Laceio” founded Kirkstall Abbey, for the souls of “Ilberti avi mei et Hawis uxoris suæ…et Matildis amitæ”, by undated charter[21].]

WALTER de Lacy, son of --- de Lacy & [his wife Emma ---] (-27 Mar 1085). Ellis suggests that Walter de Lacy was the brother of Ilbert de Lacy, highlighting that Walter held a "knight´s fee in Lassy and Campeaux" in Normandy from Odo Bishop of Bayeux and that "this fief was afterwards held in parage by the heirs of Walter and Ilbert". He shows the supposed brothers in his genealogical table as born from different mothers[22]. Presumably he bases this on Emma naming only her son Ilbert in the charter which is quoted above. However, there could be many explanations for the omission of Walter from the document and, assuming that the two were brothers, it seems probable that Emma was also the mother of Walter, who gave this name to his second daughter. A manuscript which lists donations to Gloucester St Peter includes a record of the donation in 1080 by "Walterus de Lacy" of “terras de le Dene", confirmed by "rege Willielmo seniore", before "oblato Domino et sancto Petro, Waltero filio suo tunc parvulo"[23]. The same manuscript includes a record of the confirmation by William I King of England of the donations by “Walteri de Lacy”[24]. A manuscript which lists donations to Gloucester St Peter includes a record of the death “VI Kal Apr” in 1085 of “Walterus fundator sancti Petri Herford” and his burial at Gloucester, and the donation by "uxor eius Ermelina" of "villam…Duntesborne" for her husband´s soul[25].

m ERMELINE, daughter of --- (-after 27 Mar 1085). A manuscript which lists donations to Gloucester St Peter includes a record of the death “VI Kal Apr” in 1085 of “Walterus fundator sancti Petri Herford” and his burial at Gloucester, and the donation by "uxor eius Ermelina" of "villam…Duntesborne" for her husband´s soul[26]. A charter of Stephen King of England dated 1138 confirmed donations to Gloucester St Peter including the donation by "Emelinæ uxoris Walterii de Laceio" of “Duntesburna"[27].

Walter & his wife had five children:

1. ROGER de Lacy . Henry I King of England granted property of "Walterus de Lacy et Rogerus et Hugo filii eius" to St Guthlac´s, Hereford by charter dated to [1107/22][28]. Lord of the manor of Stanton Lacy, Shropshire.

2. WALTER de Lacy (-8 Feb 1139). A manuscript which lists donations to Gloucester St Peter includes a record of the donation in 1080 by "Walterus de Lacy" of “terras de le Dene", confirmed by "rege Willielmo seniore", before "oblato Domino et sancto Petro, Waltero filio suo tunc parvulo"[29]. Abbot of Gloucester.

3. HUGH de Lacy (-before 1121). A manuscript which lists donations to Gloucester St Peter includes a record of the donation in 1101 by “Hugo de Lacy” of the church Hereford St Peter founded by “pater suus Walterus"[30]. Henry I King of England granted property of "Walterus de Lacy et Rogerus et Hugo filii eius" to St Guthlac´s, Hereford by charter dated to [1107/22][31]. A manuscript describing the descendants of the founders of Lanthony priory, Gloucestershire records that “Hugo de Lacy primus fundator prioratus Lanthoniæ” came “in Wallia” during the reign of King William I but that, dying childless, "duabus sororibus suis…Ermelinæ quæ obit sine hærede et Emmæ sorori suæ" inherited his property[32]. Eyton conjectures that Hugh de Lacy died between 1108 and 1121[33].

4. ERMELINE de Lacy . A manuscript which narrates the descents of the founders of Lanthony Abbey records that “Hugo de Lacy primus” had “duabus sororibus…Ermelinæ…et Emmæ” who were his heiresses, adding that Ermeline died childless[34].

5. EMMA de Lacy . A manuscript which narrates the descents of the founders of Lanthony Abbey records that “Hugo de Lacy primus” had “duabus sororibus…Ermelinæ…et Emmæ” who were his heiresses, adding that Emma married “---“[35]. m ---. The name of Emma´s husband is not known. Emma & her husband had one child:

a) GILBERT de Lacy (-[1158/63]). A manuscript which narrates the descents of the founders of Lanthony Abbey names “Gilbertus de Lacy” as son of Emma and her unnamed husband[36]. The Gesta Stephani Regis records that "Galfridus…Taleboth cognatus…Gislebertus de Laceio" was captured by King Stephen´s forces, dated to [1139/40][37]. "Gilbertus de Laci et Robertus filius eius" confirmed the donation of a tenement in Droitwich to the monks of Worcester Cathedral priory by charter dated to [1150][38]. A manuscript which records the foundation of Lanthony Abbey refers to “Hugo de Laci…nepos” who, after many contests, worked for the Christian cause "sub habitu Templariorum"[39]. Although not named, the nepos in question was presumably Gilbert[40]. A listing of Templar properties dated 1185 includes land “apud Guttingres…Holeford” donated by "Gileberti de Laci"[41]. Eyton conjectures that Gilbert de Lacy died, or at least retired from the world, between 1158 and 1163[42]. m ---. The name of Gilbert´s wife is not known. Gilbert & his wife had three children:

i) ROBERT de Lacy (-after [1150]). "Gilbertus de Laci et Robertus filius eius" confirmed the donation of a tenement in Droitwich to the monks of Worcester Cathedral priory by charter dated to [1150][43]. Robert must have predeceased his father, assuming that he was the oldest son.

ii) HUGH de Lacy (-killed 25 Jul 1185). A manuscript which narrates the descents of the founders of Lanthony Abbey names “Hugo…et Walterus frater eius” as the sons of “Gilbertus de Lacy”, adding that Hugh died childless[44]. This is contradicted by the Chronicle of Tintern Abbey, Monmouthshire which records that "Gilbertus de Lacy" had a son "Hugonem" who had "filium Walterum"[45]. "…Hugoni de Lacy…" subscribed the charter dated [1172/78] under which Henry II King of England confirmed the freedoms of the city of Rouen[46]. Lord of Meath in Ireland.

- LORDS of MEATH.

iii) [WALTER de Lacy . A manuscript which narrates the descents of the founders of Lanthony Abbey names “Hugo…et Walterus frater eius” as the sons of “Gilbertus de Lacy”[47]. This document identifies Walter as the father of Gilbert de Lacy (see below) and therefore by implication as Lord of Meath. However, this appears unlikely from a chronological point of view, and also ignores the existence of Hugh de Lacy Lord of Meath. This supposed parentage is disproved by the undated charter under which “Walterus de Lacy filius Hugonis de Lacy” confirmed his father´s donation to Lanthony Abbey[48].]

ROBERT de Lacy, son of ILBERT de Lacy & his wife Hawise --- (-after 23 Nov 1102, bur Pontefract Priory). A manuscript history of the Lacy family names “Robertum Lacy” as son of “Ilberto de Lacy” and his wife “Hauisia”, adding that he founded “monasterium apud Pontefractum”, died during the reign of King William II, and was buried at Pontefract[49]. The Liber Vitæ of Durham names "Ilbertus de Laceio, Hathewis sua uxor, Rodbertus et Hugo filii eorum"[50]. “Rodbertus de Laceio” confirmed the donation by “pater meus Hilbertus” to Selby Abbey, for the soul of “fratris mei Hugonis”, by undated charter[51]. “Robertus de Laceio” founded Pontefract Priory, for the soul of “Hylberti patris mei et Hawisiæ matris meæ”, by undated charter, dateable to the reign of King William II, witnessed by “W. Peverel…”[52]. Florence of Worcester records that "Beornardus de Novo Mercatu, Rogerius de Laceio…Rawlfus de Mortuo Mari…cum hominibus comitis Rogeri de Scrobbesbyria" threatened Worcester with an army of Normans and Welsh, dated to [1088][53]. A writ addressed to Robert Bishop of Lincoln and Osbert Sheriff of Lincolnshire, dated to [1095/1100], sanctioned an exchange of lands between "Ur de Abet" and "Rotb de Laceio de Ingoluesmaera", witnessed by "R. fil Haim"[54]. "Robertus de Lacy" granted "Magnam Merlay…et Tuisleton…et…in Cliderhou" to "Radulpho le Rus" by charter dated 23 Nov 1102[55].

m MATILDA, daughter of --- (-bur [Pontefract Priory]). “Henricus de Lasci” donated property to Pontefract Priory, for the souls of “patris mei Roberti de Lasci et Matilildis matris meæ”, by undated charter[56]. A manuscript history of the Lacy family records that Ilbert de Lacy was buried “ad sinistrum cornu altaris sancti Benedicti” next to his mother[57].

Robert & his wife had four children:

1. ILBERT de Lacy (-1141, bur [Pontefract Priory]). A manuscript history of the Lacy family names “Hilbertum et Henricum” as the two sons of “Robertum Lacy” and his wife “Matilda”, adding that he died childless and was buried “ad sinistrum cornu altaris sancti Benedicti” next to his mother[58]. "Ilbertus de Lacy" confirmed the grant of "magna Merlay, Twisleton…et…in Poterton et…in Cliderh…" made by "pater meus" [see above for his father´s grant] to "Radulfo le Rus", with the consent and advice of "Roberti fratris mei", by charter dated to [1135/41][59]. "Ilbertus de Lacy" confirmed the grant of "magnam Mitton, Haghton, magnam Merlay, Twisleton…in Potreton et…in Cliderhou" to "Radulfo le Rouse" and granted further property to "eidem Radulfo fratri meo" by charter dated to [1135/41][60]. m as her first husband, ALICE de Gand, daughter of WALTER de Gand & his wife Maud de Bretagne. “Aliz de Gant” donated property to Pontefract Priory, for the souls of “prioris domini mei Ilberti de Lascy” and with the consent of “Henricus de Lascy”, by undated charter[61]. She married secondly Roger de Mowbray. Her second marriage is confirmed by the undated charter under which “Rogerus de Molbrai” confirmed the donation of property to Pontefract Priory by “uxor mea…pro anima prioris domini sui Ilberti de Lasci”, witnessed by “Willielmus Peverel…Turgis de Molbray…”[62].

2. ROBERT de Lacy (-after [1135/41]). "Ilbertus de Lacy" confirmed the grant of "magna Merlay, Twisleton…et…in Poterton et…in Cliderh…" made by "pater meus" [see above for his father´s grant] to "Radulfo le Rus", with the consent and advice of "Roberti fratris mei", by charter dated to [1135/41][63].

3. HENRY de Lacy (-Holy Land 25 Sep 1177). A manuscript history of the Lacy family names “Hilbertum et Henricum” as the two sons of “Robertum Lacy” and his wife “Matilda”[64]. “Henricus de Lasci” donated property to Pontefract Priory, for the souls of “patris mei Roberti de Lasci et Matilildis matris meæ”, by undated charter[65]. “Henricum de Laceio” founded Kirkstall Abbey, for the souls of “Ilberti avi mei et Hawis uxoris suæ…et Matildis amitæ”, by undated charter[66]. The Red Book of the Exchequer refers to "Henricus de Lascy xliv l xv s, de novo xxxl xvi d" in Yorkshire in [1171/72][67]. A manuscript history of the Lacy family records that the death “in terra sancta VII Kal Oct” of Henry de Lacy, adding that his burial place is unknown[68]. m [as her second husband,] AUBREYE, daughter of [EUSTACE] [de Vescy] & his wife ---. A manuscript history of the Lacy family records that “Henricus Lacy” married “sororem Willielmi Vesci rectoris de Berwic”[69]. Her parentage is indicated by the charter dated to [1180/93] under which “Robertus de Lasci” (her son) granted property to “Willelmo filio Eustachii avunculo meo”[70]. However, it is not impossible that Aubreye was the uterine sister of William FitzEustace and therefore did not share the same father. The question of Aubreye´s possible earlier marriage is discussed below. Henry & his wife had one child:

a) ROBERT de Lacy (-21 Aug 1193, bur Kirkstall Abbey). The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1190/91], records "Robertus de Lascy" paying "xxi l xvii s vi d" in Yorkshire[71]. A manuscript history of the Lacy family names “Robertus” as the son of “Henricus Lacy” and his wife “sororem Willielmi Vesci rectoris de Berwic”, adding that he died “1193 XII Kal Sep” and was buried “apud Kirkstall”[72]. m as her first husband, ISABEL de Warenne, daughter of HAMELIN Plantagenet Earl of Surrey & his wife Isabel de Warenne of Surrey (-before 30 Nov 1234). A manuscript history of the Lacy family names “Isabella” as wife of “Robertus Lacy”, adding that they were childless[73]. The 1194/95 Pipe Roll records "Ysabel que fuit uxor Roberti de Laci" owing in Yorkshire "pro habenda dota sua de terra eiusdem Roberti"[74]. She married secondly ([1196]) Gilbert de Laigle Lord of Pevensey. The Testa de Nevill includes a writ of King John dated 1212 which records that "Gileberti de Aquila" married "comes Warennie…sorore sua" whose dowry was "villa de Westcot…hundredum de Wudetun" in Surrey[75].

4. AUBREYE de Lacy . According to the Complete Peerage, Aubreye de Lisours, successor of Robert de Lacy was his cousin[76], implying that her mother was Robert´s paternal aunt. This appears to be confirmed by the 1130 Pipe Roll which records "Robt de Lusor" in Nottinghamshire, Derbyshire and that he married "sorore Ilbti de Laci"[77]. An apparently different version of Aubreye´s parentage is provided by a manuscript history of the Lacy family which records that “Albreda vel Aubreia, filia Roberti Lisours, soror ex parte matris” succeeded on the death of “Robertus Lacy”[78]. If this is correct, Aubreye´s father was the [first/second] husband of Robert de Lacy´s mother. As the husband of Aubrey junior died in 1163, the chronology suggests that, if this version is correct, it is more probable that Aubreye was the daughter of her mother´s first marriage. It appears from the 1130 Pipe Roll that the Complete Peerage version is to be preferred. m ROBERT de Lisours, son of FULK de Lisours & his wife --- (-after 1167). Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record the knights´ fees held from "F[ulconis] de Lisuris" in Northamptonshire, referring to land which "Ricardus Engaine avus meus" gave to "ultimæ uxori suæ in dotem, scilicet uxori Ricardi filii Ursi" and refers to land held by "duæ amitæ meæ"[79]. The Red Book of the Exchequer refers to "Robertus de Lisures i m" in Huntingdonshire in [1167/68][80]. Robert & his wife had one child:

a) AUBREYE de Lisours (-after Sep 1200). A manuscript history of the Lacy family records that “Albreda vel Aubreia, filia Roberti Lisours, soror ex parte matris” succeeded on the death of “Robertus Lacy” and that she married “Richardus constabularius Cestriæ”[81]. "Willelmus filius Godrici" paid a fine for his marriage with "matre Johannis constabularii" in 1178[82]. A charter dated 1194 records a final agreement relating to a dispute between “Albredam de Lisores et Rogerum constabularium Cestrie nepotem suum” concerning the land of “Roberti de Lasci”, also naming “Roberti de Lisores patris ipsius Albrede” and “Willelmus filius prefate Albrede”[83]. m firstly RICHARD FitzEustache, son of EUSTACHE FitzJohn & his second wife Agnes --- (-1163). m secondly ([1178]) WILLIAM FitzGodric, son of GODRIC & his wife ---.

Robert had one illegitimate child by an unknown mistress:

5. RALPH le Roux (-after [1135/41]). "Robertus de Lacy" granted "Magnam Merlay…et Tuisleton…et…in Cliderhou" to "Radulpho le Rus" by charter dated 23 Nov 1102[84]. His parentage is confirmed by the charter dated to [1135/41] under which "Ilbertus de Lacy" confirmed the grant of "magnam Mitton, Haghton, magnam Merlay, Twisleton…in Potreton et…in Cliderhou" to "Radulfo le Rouse" and granted further property to "eidem Radulfo fratri meo"[85].

1. HENRY de Lacy (-after 1194). The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1194/95], records "de his qui non habent capitales honores…Henrico de Lascy" paying "xiii s" in Oxfordshire[86].

2. ROGER de Lacy (-after 1212). The Testa de Nevill includes a writ of King John dated 1212 which records "Rogerus de Laci" holding "feuda de v militum de feodo de Cliderhou" in Lancashire, adding that he granted land to "Roberto de Flainesburch in maritagio cum filia Roberti de Liverseg"[87].

3. GILBERT de Lacy (-after 1212). The Testa de Nevill includes a writ of King John dated 1212 which records "Rogerus de Laci" gave land to "Gilberto de Laci" in Lancashire "cum Agneta filia Johannis de Himerum in maritagio"[88]. m (before 1212) AGNES, daughter of JOHN de Himerum & his wife ---. The Testa de Nevill includes a writ of King John dated 1212 which records "Rogerus de Laci" gave land to "Gilberto de Laci" in Lancashire "cum Agneta filia Johannis de Himerum in maritagio"[89].

Chapter 2. LA HAYE

According to Domesday Descendants, this family originated from la Haye-du-Puits in the Cotentin, Normandy {Manche}[90]. The founding charter of Boxgrove Priory in Sussex states that the founder, Robert de La Haye, was "consanguineo" of Henry I King of England. The precise relationship has not yet been traced.

ROBERT de la Haye, son of RANULF & his wife --- ([1075/80]-[1150]). A manuscript recording the founding of Boxgrove Priory, Sussex states that it was founded by “Roberti di Haya…consanguineo eius” [referring to King Henry], to whom Henry I King of England had granted “honorem Halnaci” [Halmaker] in Sussex, and given to the abbey of Essay in Normandy[91]. According to Domesday Descendants, this was land which had been forfeited by William de Ansleville[92]. In the foundation charter of the priory he names himself "son of Ranulf the seneschal of Robert de Mortain" and "nephew of Eudo dapifer" [son of Thurstan Haldup][93]. Domesday Descendants dates the foundation to "before 1105"[94], which would place Robert´s birth in [1075/80], bearing in mind his date of death. “Robertus de Haia et sponsa mea Gundrede” donated Basselech Priory, Monmouth to Glastonbury, with the consent of "domini mei Roberti filii Hamonis et sponsæ suæ Sibiliæ", by charter dated to [1101/20][95]. King Henry I, with "Johanni episcopo Luxoviensi, et comiti Gloecestriæ, et comiti Rannulfo Cestriæ, et Roberto de Haia", confirmed the privileges of the church of Bayeux by charter dated [1118/35][96]. Henry I King of England confirmed the possessions of Holy Trinity, Lessay, including the donations by "Robertus de Haia Ricardus et Eudonis nepos" [which appears to be garbled] with the advice of "Muriele uxoris sue et filiorum suorum Ricardi…Radulfi", by charter dated 1126[97]. Henry II King of England confirmed the possessions of the abbey of Lessai, including donations by "Turstini Haldup et Eudonis filii eius" confirmed by "Roberti de Haia et Murielis uxoris sue et Richardi et Radulfi filiorum eorum", by charter dated [1185/Jan 1188][98].

m [firstly] GUNDRED, daughter of ---. “Robertus de Haia et sponsa mea Gundrede” donated Basselech Priory, Monmouth to Glastonbury, with the consent of "domini mei Roberti filii Hamonis et sponsæ suæ Sibiliæ", by charter dated to [1101/20][99]. It is assumed that Gundred was Robert´s first wife as his wife Muriel was named in a charter dated 1126 (see below).

m [secondly] MURIEL, daughter of PICOT FitzColswein & his wife Beatrice ---. Her parentage and marriage are confirmed by the charter dated May 1111 which records that “Picotus filius Colwani Linc. cum uxore et quodam nepote…Ricardi et quadam nepte…Cecilia” donated revenue from "villa…Suttona et Luttona" to Spalding Monastery, in the presence of "ipso Pichoto uxore eius Beatrice…"[100]. Henry I King of England confirmed the possessions of Holy Trinity, Lessay, including the donations by "Robertus de Haia Ricardus et Eudonis nepos" [which appears to be garbled] with the advice of "Muriele uxoris sue et filiorum suorum Ricardi…Radulfi", by charter dated 1126[101]. Henry II King of England confirmed the possessions of the abbey of Lessai, including donations by "Turstini Haldup et Eudonis filii eius" confirmed by "Roberti de Haia et Murielis uxoris sue et Richardi et Radulfi filiorum eorum", by charter dated [1185/Jan 1188][102].

Robert & his [second] wife had four children:

1. RICHARD de la Haye (-1169 or after 1171, bur Blanchelande abbey). His parentage is confirmed by the charter dated May 1111 under which his maternal grandfather “Picotus filius Colwani Linc. cum uxore et quodam nepote…Ricardi et quadam nepte…Cecilia” donated revenue from "villa…Suttona et Luttona" to Spalding Monastery[103]. Henry I King of England confirmed the possessions of Holy Trinity, Lessay, including the donations by "Robertus de Haia Ricardus et Eudonis nepos" [which appears to be garbled] with the advice of "Muriele uxoris sue et filiorum suorum Ricardi…Radulfi", by charter dated 1126[104]. A charter dated to [1144] of Geoffroy Duke of Normandy, Comte d´Anjou, records the notification to the archbishop of Rouen of an enquiry into the possessions of Bayeux church, including a donation made "coram Ricardo de Haia et Roberto de Novo Burgo et Roberto de Curceio"[105]. "…Ricardus de Haya…" witnessed the charter dated to [end 1150/early Sep 1151] under which "H. dux Normannorum" granted privileges to the citizens of Rouen[106]. "Ricardus de Humez constabularius, Richardus de Haia…" witnessed the charter dated under which Henri Duke of Normandy notified a judgment relating to the house of the late "Conani thesaurarii" by charter dated to [1152/54][107]. Henry II King of England confirmed "Ric de Haia" in the possession of his father´s lands, including "constabularia sua de Lincolscii, custodia castelli mei Linc", by charter dated to [1155/58][108]. “Rich. de Haia et Mat. uxor eius” donated “villam Cambringeham” in England to Blanchelande abbey by undated charter[109]. Henry II King of England confirmed the property of the abbey of Blanchelande, including donations by "…Ricardus de Haya et Matildis uxor eius, predicte ecclesie fundatores, et Radulfus de Haya Ricardi nepos, et Willelmus de Vernone et Ricardus eius filius…" by charter dated 1157[110]. “Ricardus de Haia” donated “molendino de Welletune” in England to Blanchelande abbey by undated charter, witnessed by "T. Ragin. de Maisnillo nepote meo…"[111]. The Red Book of the Exchequer refers to "Ricardus de Haya xvi m, de novo iv m" in Lincolnshire in [1167/68][112]. Robert of Torigny records the death in 1169 of "Richardus de Haia", adding that he left "filias tres"[113]. The Red Book of the Exchequer refers to "Ricardus de Haya xx l" in Lincolnshire in [1171/72][114], which suggests that Richard´s date of death as reported by Robert of Torigny may be incorrect. Henry II King of England confirmed the possessions of the abbey of Lessai, including donations by "Turstini Haldup et Eudonis filii eius" confirmed by "Roberti de Haia et Murielis uxoris sue et Richardi et Radulfi filiorum eorum", by charter dated [1185/Jan 1188][115]. m MATHILDE, daughter of [GUILLAUME de Vernon & his wife Lucy de Tancarville] (-after 1157). Henry II King of England confirmed the property of the abbey of Blanchelande, including donations by "…Ricardus de Haya et Matildis uxor eius, predicte ecclesie fundatores, et Radulfus de Haya Ricardi nepos, et Willelmus de Vernone et Ricardus eius filius…" by charter dated 1157[116]. This charter does not specify that Richard´s wife was the daughter of Guillaume de Vernon but this appears to be a likely possibility. Henry II King of England confirmed the possessions of the abbey of Lessai, including donations by "Ricardus de Haia et Matildis uxor sua", by charter dated [1185/Jan 1188][117]. Richard & his wife had three children:

a) NICOLE de la Haye (-Nov 1230). “Nicholaa de Haya filia Ricardi de Haya” confirmed the donation of “villam de Kambringham” to Blanchelande abbey by "dictus Ricardus pater meus" by undated charter[118]. King Richard I confirmed the inheritance by "Gerardo de Canuilla et Nicolæ uxori sue" of all her inheritance in England and Normandy from "Rob de Haia et R[ic] de Haia", including "constabularia castelli Lincoln" and land at Poupeville and Varreville, by charter dated 1189[119]. The Testa de Nevill includes a writ of King John dated 1212 which names "Ricardi de Hai…predecessor domine Nicollæ uxoris Gerardi [de Camvill]" in relation to landholdings in Lincolnshire[120]. Henry III King of England took "dominam Nicholaam de Haya et Ricardum de Campvill filium suum" under protection dated 12 Feb 1217[121]. Bracton records a claim, dated 1231, by "Willelmus Longespei et Idonea uxor eius" against "Oliuero de Ayncurt et Nicholæ uxori eius" concerning "manerium de Dudingtona", inherited from "Nicholaæ de Haya avie ipsius Idonee cuius heres ipsa est" which names "Gerardum de Kaunuilla et Nicholaam uxorem eius Ricardum de Humaz et Juliam uxorem eius et Willelmum de Rullos et Isabellam uxorem eius" as "filias et heredes Ricardi de Haya"[122]. m firstly WILLIAM FitzErneis, son of --- (-1178). m secondly GERARD de Camville, son of RICHARD de Camville & his [second] wife [Melisende ---] (-1214).

b) GILLE de la Haye . Bracton records a claim, dated 1231, by "Willelmus Longespei et Idonea uxor eius" against "Oliuero de Ayncurt et Nicholæ uxori eius" concerning "manerium de Dudingtona", inherited from "Nicholaæ de Haya avie ipsius Idonee cuius heres ipsa est" which names "Gerardum de Kaunuilla et Nicholaam uxorem eius Ricardum de Humaz et Juliam uxorem eius et Willelmum de Rullos et Isabellam uxorem eius" as "filias et heredes Ricardi de Haya"[123]. m RICHARD du Hommet, son of GUILLAUME du Hommet & his wife Lucie ---.

c) ISABELLE de la Haye . Bracton records a claim, dated 1231, by "Willelmus Longespei et Idonea uxor eius" against "Oliuero de Ayncurt et Nicholæ uxori eius" concerning "manerium de Dudingtona", inherited from "Nicholaæ de Haya avie ipsius Idonee cuius heres ipsa est" which names "Gerardum de Kaunuilla et Nicholaam uxorem eius Ricardum de Humaz et Juliam uxorem eius et Willelmum de Rullos et Isabellam uxorem eius" as "filias et heredes Ricardi de Haya"[124]. m WILLIAM de Rullos, son of ---.

2. CECILIA de la Haye (-[1162/77]). Her parentage are confirmed by the charter dated May 1111 under which her maternal grandfather “Picotus filius Colwani Linc. cum uxore et quodam nepote…Ricardi et quadam nepte…Cecilia” donated revenue from "villa…Suttona et Luttona" to Spalding Monastery[125]. A manuscript recording the founding of Boxgrove Priory, Sussex states that “Roberti di Haya…Ceciliam filiam suam” married “Rogero de sancto Johanne”[126]. m ROGER de Saint John, son of --- (-1130 or after).

3. RALPH de la Haye . Henry I King of England confirmed the possessions of Holy Trinity, Lessay, including the donations by "Robertus de Haia Ricardus et Eudonis nepos" [which appears to be garbled] with the advice of "Muriele uxoris sue et filiorum suorum Ricardi…Radulfi", by charter dated 1126[127]. The Red Book of the Exchequer records enfeoffments in the duchy of Normandy in [1172], "Radulfus de Haia" with two knights and one half "de honore de Plaiseisio", one knight "de honore Mortolii, de feodo de Crienciis" and six knights and one half "in Constantino" in his own service[128]. Henry II King of England confirmed the possessions of the abbey of Lessai, including donations by "Turstini Haldup et Eudonis filii eius" confirmed by "Roberti de Haia et Murielis uxoris sue et Richardi et Radulfi filiorum eorum", by charter dated [1185/Jan 1188][129]. Of Halnaker, Sussex. m OLIVE de Albini, daughter WILLIAM de Albini "Pincerna" & his wife Maud le Bigod (-bur Boxgrove Priory). “Wilielmus Cicestriæ comes” donated property “ecclesiæ de Bisintona quam Radulphus de Haia dedit ecclesiæ sanctæ Trinitatis” to Boxgrove Priory, dated the day “ipse Radulphus” was betrothed to “uxorem suam Olivam sororem…meam”, subscribed by “Radulfus filius Savari…”[130]. “Wilielmus comes Arundelli” donated property “Bessesola..[et] Winkingas” to Boxgrove Priory, for the souls of “Adelizæ reginæ…Olivæ sororis meæ, et Olyvæ filiæ meæ, et Agathæ, quæ ibi iacent”, by undated charter, witnessed by “Godfridus filius comitis”[131]. Her brother settled dower in Sussex on her[132].

4. --- de la Haye . m ---. One child:

a) RALPH de la Haye (-after 1157). Henry II King of England confirmed the property of the abbey of Blanchelande, including donations by "…Ricardus de Haya et Matildis uxor eius, predicte ecclesie fundatores, et Radulfus de Haya Ricardi nepos, et Willelmus de Vernone et Ricardus eius filius…" by charter dated 1157[133].

1. ROBERT de la Haye . "Robertus de Haia" confirmed the donation of land at Authorpe to the monks of la Sauve Majeure at Burwell, Lincolnshire by "R. avi mei et R. de Haia patris mei", by charter dated to the late reign of King Henry II[134].

2. RICHARD de la Haye (-after 1190). The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1190/91], records "Ricardus de Haia" paying "viii l, xvi milites" in Lincolnshire[135].

3. ROGER de la Haye (-after 1198). The Testa de Nevill records that "Rogerus de Haia" held land "in Akes" in Yorkshire in 1198[136].

4. WILLIAM de la Haye (-after 1210). The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Willelmus de la Haie" holding one knight´s fee and one half "in Mersie et Leigre" in Essex, Hertfordshire, and one half "in Ratendone" in Essex in [1210/12][137].

5. SARAH, daughter of --- (-after 1212). The Testa de Nevill includes a writ of King John dated 1212 which records that "Sarra de Haya" held "manerium de Mildetun" in Surrey[138].

Chapter 3. LA MARE

1. --- de la Mare . m [--- de Gloucester, daughter of ROGER de Pitres & his wife Adeline ---]. Her parentage and marriage are established by the charter dated to [1123] which records that "Walt de Gloec" gave Little Hereford in fee to "Willo de Mara nepoti suo"[139], although it is always possible that "nepos" should be interpreted in this document as indicating a more remote relationship than nephew. [Two] children:

a) WILLIAM de la Mare (-[1127/28]). A charter of King Henry II records donations to York St Mary, including the donation of land “in Danby” by “Willielmus de la Mara”[140]. A charter dated to [1123] records that "Walt de Gloec" gave Little Hereford in fee to "Willo de Mara nepoti suo"[141]. "Walter de Gloecestria, Milo fili ei…Willelm de Mara" witnessed the charter dated to [1127] which records that "Ricard Puncii filii" granted Aston, Gloucestershire ("Hestoniam") to "Mathilli uxori mee"[142]. m ---. The name of William´s wife is not known. William & his wife had two children:

i) ROBERT de la Mare (-[1129]). The 1130 Pipe Roll records "Rob de Lamara…p ministio" in Wiltshire (twice), adding in one entry that "mortuus est" and that "fra suus" returned in Oxfordshire[143].

ii) HENRY de la Mare . The 1130 Pipe Roll records "Henr de Lamara" in Oxfordshire (three times) and in Gloucestershire[144]. m ---. The name of Henry´s wife is not known. Henry & his wife had [one child]:

(a) [WILLIAM de la Mare (-after [1171/83]). The Red Book of the Exchequer records enfeoffments in the duchy of Normandy in [1172], "Willelmus de Mara" with half a knight "de honore de sanctæ Mariæ ecclesia"[145]. "Will de Lamara" donated land at Rendcombe, Gloucestershire to Bruerne abbey, Oxfordshire by charter dated to [1171/83][146]. William´s parentage has not been confirmed but his holding land in Oxfordshire and Gloucestershire suggests that it is likely that he was the son of Henry de Mare.]

b) [RALPH de la Mare (-after 1130). The Descriptio militum de Abbatia de Burgo records that "Radulfus de la Mare" held land from "abbatia de Burch, in Hamtonascira" and in Lincolnshire[147]. The 1130 Pipe Roll records "Rad de Lamara" in Northamptonshire, adding a reference to "nepotes suos" (presumably referring to Robert and Henry who are also named in the 1130 Pipe Roll, indicating that Ralph was presumably the brother of William)[148].]

1. ALAN de la Mare (-before [1160]). "Alanus de la Mara et sponsa eius Beatrix" donated land in Ruholm to Newhouse abbey, Lincolnshire by charter dated to [1150][149]. m BEATRIX, daughter of --- (-after [1160]). "Alanus de la Mara et sponsa eius Beatrix" donated land in Ruholm to Newhouse abbey, Lincolnshire by charter dated to [1150][150]. "Willelmus de la Mare filius Alani de la Mare et Beatrix mater eius" confirmed a donation of land in Kirmington to Newhouse abbey, Lincolnshire by "Adam de Chirningtun filium Heruei" by charter dated to [1160], witnessed by "..:Wigan avunculo Alani de la Mara…"[151]. Alan & his wife had one child:

a) WILLIAM de la Mare (-after [1160]). "Willelmus de Lamarre filius Alani de Lamarre et Amabilis sponsa eius" confirmed the donation of Ruholm to Newhouse abbey, Lincolnshire, for the soul of "Alani de Lamarre", by charter dated to [1157/63], witnessed by "..:Roberto filio Ernisii de Gousla…"[152]. "Willelmus de la Mare filius Alani de la Mare et Beatrix mater eius" confirmed a donation of land in Kirmington to Newhouse abbey, Lincolnshire by "Adam de Chirningtun filium Heruei" by charter dated to [1160], witnessed by "..:Wigan avunculo Alani de la Mara…"[153]. m MABILE, daughter of ---. "Willelmus de Lamarre filius Alani de Lamarre et Amabilis sponsa eius" confirmed the donation of Ruholm to Newhouse abbey, Lincolnshire, for the soul of "Alani de Lamarre", by charter dated to [1157/63], witnessed by "..:Roberto filio Ernisii de Gousla…"[154].

1. ROBERT de la Mare (-[1210/Jun 1212]). The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Robertus de la Mare" holding half of one knight´s fee "in Lavintone" in Wiltshire, and one "in Waldene" in Essex, Hertfordshire in [1210/12][155]. "Robertus de la Mare" donated land "in villa de Baldyndone" to Eynsham abbey by charter dated to before Jun 1212[156]. m ---. Robert & his wife had one child:

a) PETER de la Mare (-after 1212). The Testa de Nevill includes a writ of King John dated 1212 which names "Petrus filius Roberti de la Mare iii milites" among the tenants of the honour of Wallingford[157]. "Petrus de la Mare" confirmed the donation of land "in villa de Baldyndone" to Eynsham abbey made by "bone memorie Robertus de la Mare pater meus", for the soul of "uxoris mee et heredum meorum", by charter dated to [1212/28][158]. m ---.

Two brothers:

1. HENRY de la Mare (-[1210/12]). The Testa de Nevill records that "Henricus de la Mare" held land "in Alveseicuth" in Oxfordshire, and land "in Winterburn" in Wiltshire, in 1198[159]. "Henr de la Mare" made a fine for "terra Petronille de Croun ux sue et terris suis in Angliam et Willelmus de La Mara frater suus…", dated 1205[160]. The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Henricus de la Mare" holding three hides "in Winterburne per serjantariam" in Wiltshire in [1210/12][161]. m as her second husband, PETRONILLA de Craon, widow of WILLIAM de Longchamp, daughter of GUY [Wythe] de Craon & his wife Isabel ---. A genealogy of the founders of Freston Priory names "dame Petronil de Croune" as the daughter of "monsieur Wythe de Croune" and his wife "Clarice", adding that she married firstly "baron monsieur William Longechaumpe" (by whom she had "monsieur Henre de Longechaumpe", and listing several generations of his descendants) and secondly "baron monsieur Oliver Vaux"[162]. "Henr de la Mare" made a fine for "terra Petronille de Croun ux sue et terris suis in Angliam et Willelmus de La Mara frater suus…", dated 1205[163]. "Henr de Mara et Petronill ux eius" claimed "dote…versus…Henr de Longo Campo" in Herefordshire, dated 1207[164]. She married thirdly ([1211/12]) Oliver des Vaux. Her third marriage is confirmed by the Testa de Nevill which includes a writ of King John dated 1212 which records that "Oliverus de Vallibus" held "Vargeburn in barunia cum uxore que fuit Henrici de la Mare" in Hampshire[165].

2. WILLIAM de la Mare (-after 1210). "Henr de la Mare" made a fine for "terra Petronille de Croun ux sue et terris suis in Angliam et Willelmus de La Mara frater suus…", dated 1205[166]. The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Willelmus de la Mare" holding three knights´ fees in "Ditton…de honore Britanniæ" in Norfolk, Suffolk in [1210/12][167].

1. RALPH de la Mare (-after 1210). The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Radulfus de la Mare" holding three knights´ fees in "Cadeneye, Kaleseye, Sperlingtone, Kerlingtone" in Lincolnshire in [1210/12][168].

2. JAMES de la Mare (-after 1210). The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Jacobus de la Mare" holding land from "honor Peverelli" in Leicestershire in [1210/12][169].

3. THOMAS de la Mare (-after 1210). The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Thomas de la Mare" holding 2 knights´ fees "in Hanlega, Redmarlega, Alretone et Doddeham" in Worcestershire in [1210/12][170].

4. HENRY de la Mare (-after 1219). The Testa de Nevill includes a list of landholdings in Yorkshire, dated 1219, which includes "Henricus de la Mar" holding land "in Elwescot" in Bampton in Oxfordshire[171].

5. HENRY de la Mare . m ---. The name of Henry´s wife is not known. Henry & his wife had one child:

a) --- de la Mare ([1233/35]-). A writ dated 10 Jan "33 Hen III", after the death of "Gunnora de la Mare" names "Henry, son of Henry Tracy her uncle, aged 13 at Whitsunday, 35 Hen III, and a son of Henry de la Mare, whose name is unknown, aged 15, are variously stated to be her heir" and "Elveiscot alias Elfeiscot, Alfiscot [Oxford]…Winterburne [Wiltshire]"[172].

6. GUNNORA de la Mare (-before 10 Jan 1249). A writ dated 10 Jan "33 Hen III", after the death of "Gunnora de la Mare" names "Henry, son of Henry Tracy her uncle, aged 13 at Whitsunday, 35 Hen III, and a son of Henry de la Mare, whose name is unknown, aged 15, are variously stated to be her heir" and "Elveiscot alias Elfeiscot, Alfiscot [Oxford]…Winterburne [Wiltshire]"[173].

Chapter 4. LANCASTER

1. ELDRED . An undated manuscript relating to Cokersand Abbey, Lancashire names “Elthredum” as son of ”Ivo Tailbot”[174]. m [---, daughter of IVO Taillebois & his [second] wife ---]. Domesday Descendants suggests that the Cokersand Abbey manuscript is incorrect and that it was the wife of Eldred who was the daughter of Ivo Taillebois, adding that their grandson William de Lancaster held the barony of Kendal which was previously held by Ivo Taillebois[175]. Eldred & his wife had two children:

a) KETEL (-after 1120). An undated manuscript relating to Cokersand Abbey, Lancashire names “Ketellum” as son of ”Elthredum”[176]. His parentage is confirmed by a charter of William of Lancaster to York St Leonard´s, confirming a donation by his "avunculus" Ketel fitz Eldred, from which it can be deduced that William´s mother was Ketel´s sister (assuming that avunculus is interpreted in its strict sense of maternal uncle)[177]. "Chetellus filius Eldred" donated "ecclesiam de Morlund…et ecclesiam de Brounefeld…et ecclesiam de Wirkynton" to St Bees, with the consent of "uxoris mee Christiane et Willelmi filii mei", by undated charter, witnessed by "Cristiana uxore mea , Willelmo filio meo, Archil senescaldo, Yvone filio Forni…"[178]. "Chetellus filius Eltred" donated "ecclesiam de Morlund…et ecclesiam de Wirchington" to York St Mary by undated charter, witnessed by "Christiana uxore mea, Willelmo filio meo, Archibaldo senescallo"[179]. "Ranulfus Meschinus filius Willelmi Meschin" confirmed the donation of land "in Wirchintuna" donated by "Chetellus filius Heltredi" to St Bees by undated charter[180]. m CHRISTIANA, daughter of ---. "Chetellus filius Eldred" donated "ecclesiam de Morlund…" to St Bees, with the consent of "uxoris mee Christiane et Willelmi filii mei", by undated charter[181]. "Chetellus filius Eltred" donated "ecclesiam de Morlund…et ecclesiam de Wirchington" to York St Mary by undated charter, witnessed by "Christiana uxore mea, Willelmo filio meo, Archibaldo senescallo"[182]. Ketel & his wife had [two] children:

i) WILLIAM . "Chetellus filius Eldred" donated "ecclesiam de Morlund…" to St Bees, with the consent of "uxoris mee Christiane et Willelmi filii mei", by undated charter[183]. "Chetellus filius Eltred" donated "ecclesiam de Morlund…et ecclesiam de Wirchington" to York St Mary by undated charter, witnessed by "Christiana uxore mea, Willelmo filio meo, Archibaldo senescallo"[184].

ii) [ORM (-after 1094). "…Orm filius Ketell…" witnessed the charter dated 1094 under which "Rogerus comes Pictavencis" donated land "iuxta Lanecastrum…" to the church of St Martin (of the church of St Mary, Lancaster), for the souls of "Rogeri Scroberiæ patris sui, matrisque suæ Mabiliæ cometissæ"[185].] same person as…? ORM . This co-identity is assumed by Farrer[186]. The connection with the church of Workington, held by Ketel supposed father of Orm and by Gospatrick his son, suggests that the hypothesis may be correct. The chronology, however, is not ideal, given Orm´s mention in 1094 and his supposed son´s death after 1174. m firstly GUNHILDA, daughter of GOSPATRICK Earl of Northumberland & his wife ---. The Cronicon Cumbriæ records that “Waldevus filius comitis Cospatricii” enfeoffed “Ormo Ketelli” with property and “Gurwelda sorore sua”[187]. m secondly EBREA, daughter of ---. "Gospatricius filius Orm" donated "villam de Salterge…" to St Bees by undated charter (dated to before 1158), witnessed by "…Roberto filio Orm, Micaele fratre eius…Elgiva uxore ipsius Gospatricii, Ebrea matre eius…Thoma filio Gospatricii, Adam, Roberto fratribus eius"[188]. Orm & his second wife had four children:

(a) GOSPATRICK (-after 1174). "Alanus filius Waldevi" confirmed the donation of "unam plenariam toftam apud Scadebuas" made to St Bees by "pater meus" by undated charter witnessed by "…Gospatricio filio Horm, Uctredo filio Uctredi, Ailwardi filio Dolf[ini], Gospatricio fratre suo…"[189]. "…Gospatricio filio Orm et Randulfo de Lindeseia…" witnessed the undated charter under which David King of Scotland confirmed the donation to St Bees made by "Matildis uxor Godardi"[190]. The 1157 Pipe Roll records "Gospat´z fil Ormi" in Carlisle[191]. "Gospatricius filius Ormi et Egelina uxor eius" donated land "juxta Flemingby" to Carlisle St Mary by undated charter, witnessed by "Michaele fratre Gospatricuum, Ormo filio Dolfini…"[192]. "Gospatricius filius Orm" donated "villam de Salterge", and confirmed "ecclesiam de Wirchingetona" and "ecclesiam de Halfringtuna" which "Elemerus clericus, cognatus meus" held during his lifetime, to St Bees by undated charter (dated to before 1158), witnessed by "Alano filio Wallef, Willelmo Engaine, Gilberto fratre eius, Roberto filio Orm, Micaele fratre eius…Elgiva uxore ipsius Gospatricii, Ebrea matre eius…Thoma filio Gospatricii, Adam, Roberto fratribus eius"[193]. "Gospatricius filius Orm" donated "villam de Saltergre", and confirmed "ecclesiam de Wirkynton" and "ecclesiam de Haverinton" which "Elemerus clericus, cognatus meus" held during his lifetime as well as "communi pastura de Arlokedene", to St Bees by undated charter (dated to before 1158), witnessed by "Alano filio Waltef, Willelmo Engaine, Gilberto fratre eius, Roberto filio Orm, Michaele fratre eius…Egeliva uxore mea, Ebrea matre mea…Rogero filio Orm"[194]. "Cecilia comitissa Albamarlie" donated land "inter Esc et Duden…Kirkesantan et Haverigg…et Thueites" to St Bees, and confirmed the donation of "villam de Salterge cum communi pastura de Arlokedene" made by "Cospatric filii Horm", by undated charter[195]. m EGELINE [Elgiva], daughter of ---. "Gospatricius filius Ormi et Egelina uxor eius" donated land "juxta Flemingby" to Carlisle St Mary by undated charter, witnessed by "Michaele fratre Gospatricuum, Ormo filio Dolfini…"[196]. Gospatrick & his wife had four children:

(1) THOMAS (-[13 Nov 1200/1201]). "Gospatricius filius Orm" donated "villam de Salterge…" to St Bees by undated charter (dated to before 1158), witnessed by "…Roberto filio Orm, Micaele fratre eius…Elgiva uxore ipsius Gospatricii, Ebrea matre eius…Thoma filio Gospatricii, Adam, Roberto fratribus eius"[197]. "Thomas filius Gospatricii de Wirkintona" donated "salmones in Wirkintona…" to St Bees by undated charter, witnessed by "Alano filio Gospatricii et Adam fratre eius, Thomas Engaina…"[198]. "Thomas filius Gospatrici" donated "salinam de Culwen" to St Bees, with the consent of "Patricii filii mei", by undated charter[199]. "Willelmus persona de Wirkinton filius Thome de Wirkinton" donated property to the church of Wirkinton by undated charter, witnessed by "Thoma filio Gospatricii, Thoma herede suo…"[200]. m as her first husband, GRACE, daughter of ---. She married secondly (1201) Roger de Beauchamp. "Rog de Bello Campo et Grecia q fuit uxor Thom fil Gospatric" made a fine for "custodia terre et heredis Thom fil Gospatric et p maritaghndo ipsius heredis" in Westmoreland & Cumberland, dated 1201[201]. Thomas & his wife had three children:

a. THOMAS (-before 1201). "Robertus abbas ecclesie beate Marie Eboraci" granted "ecclesiam nostram de Wirkinton" to "Willelmo clerico filio Thome de Wirkinton" by undated charter, witnessed by "Thoma filio Gospatrici, Thoma herede suo…"[202]. "Willelmus persona de Wirkinton filius Thome de Wirkinton" donated property to the church of Wirkinton by undated charter, witnessed by "Thoma filio Gospatricii, Thoma herede suo…"[203].

b. PATRICK (-after 26 Nov 1250). "Thomas filius Gospatrici" donated "salinam de Culwen" to St Bees, with the consent of "Patricii filii mei", by undated charter[204]. "Patricius filius Thome de Wirkintona" confirmed the donation of "salmones in Wirkintona…" to St Bees, for the souls of "mee et uxoris mee", by undated charter[205].

c. WILLIAM (-after 1227). "Robertus abbas ecclesie beate Marie Eboraci" granted "ecclesiam nostram de Wirkinton" to "Willelmo clerico filio Thome de Wirkinton" by undated charter, witnessed by "Thoma filio Gospatrici, Thoma herede suo…"[206]. "Willelmus persona de Wirkinton filius Thome de Wirkinton" donated property to the church of Wirkinton by undated charter, witnessed by "Thoma filio Gospatricii, Thoma herede suo…"[207].

(2) ALAN . "Thomas filius Gospatricii de Wirkintona" donated "salmones in Wirkintona…" to St Bees by undated charter, witnessed by "Alano filio Gospatricii et Adam fratre eius, Thomas Engaina…"[208].

(3) ADAM . "Gospatricius filius Orm" donated "villam de Salterge…" to St Bees by undated charter (dated to before 1158), witnessed by "…Roberto filio Orm, Micaele fratre eius…Elgiva uxore ipsius Gospatricii, Ebrea matre eius…Thoma filio Gospatricii, Adam, Roberto fratribus eius"[209]. "Thomas filius Gospatricii de Wirkintona" donated "salmones in Wirkintona…" to St Bees by undated charter, witnessed by "Alano filio Gospatricii et Adam fratre eius, Thomas Engaina…"[210].

(4) ROBERT . "Gospatricius filius Orm" donated "villam de Salterge…" to St Bees by undated charter (dated to before 1158), witnessed by "…Roberto filio Orm, Micaele fratre eius…Elgiva uxore ipsius Gospatricii, Ebrea matre eius…Thoma filio Gospatricii, Adam, Roberto fratribus eius"[211].

(b) ROBERT . "Gospatricius filius Orm" donated "villam de Salterge…" to St Bees by undated charter (dated to before 1158), witnessed by "…Roberto filio Orm, Micaele fratre eius…Elgiva uxore ipsius Gospatricii, Ebrea matre eius…Thoma filio Gospatricii, Adam, Roberto fratribus eius"[212].

(c) MICHAEL . "Gospatricius filius Ormi et Egelina uxor eius" donated land "juxta Flemingby" to Carlisle St Mary by undated charter, witnessed by "Michaele fratre Gospatricuum, Ormo filio Dolfini…"[213]. "Gospatricius filius Orm" donated "villam de Salterge…" to St Bees by undated charter (dated to before 1158), witnessed by "…Roberto filio Orm, Micaele fratre eius…Elgiva uxore ipsius Gospatricii, Ebrea matre eius…Thoma filio Gospatricii, Adam, Roberto fratribus eius"[214].

(d) ROGER . "Gospatricius filius Orm" donated "villam de Saltergre…" to St Bees by undated charter (dated to before 1158), witnessed by "…Roberto filio Orm, Michaele fratre eius…Rogero filio Orm"[215].

b) GODITHA . Her parentage and marriage are confirmed by a charter of William of Lancaster to York St Leonard´s, confirming a donation by his "avunculus" Ketel fitz Eldred, from which it can be deduced that William´s mother was Ketel´s sister (assuming that avunculus is interpreted in its strict sense of maternal uncle)[216]. The primary source which confirms her name has not yet been identified. m GILBERT, son of ---. An undated manuscript relating to Cokersand Abbey, Lancashire names “Gilbertum” as son of ”Ketellus”[217], but this is proved incorrect by the charter cited above which confirms that Gilbert´s wife was the sister of Ketel. Gilbert & his wife had [four] children:

i) WILLIAM "Taillebois" de Lancaster (-after 1166). An undated manuscript relating to Cokersand Abbey, Lancashire names “Willielmus” as son of ”Gilbertus”[218]. “Willielmus filius Ranulphi” confirmed the foundation of St Bee´s priory, Cumberland by undated charter, dated to [1105/20], which refers to donations by “Willielmus filius Gilberti de Lancastria”[219].

- see below.

ii) ROGER . "Rogerus filius Gilberti" donated "villam de Helsingham" to St Bees, for the salvation of "Willelmi fratris mei et nepotis mei Willelmi", by undated charter[220]. "Rogerus filius Gilberti" donated "terram de Walton" to St Bees, with the consent of "uxoris mee Sigeride", by undated charter, witnessed by "Roberto fratre meo…Roberto filio meo…"[221]. m as her second husband, SIGRID, widow of WALTHEOF, daughter of ---. "Rogerus filius Gilberti" donated "terram de Walton" to St Bees, with the consent of "uxoris mee Sigeride", by undated charter, witnessed by "Roberto fratre meo…Roberto filio meo…"[222]. Her second marriage is confirmed by the undated charter under which [her son] "Alanus filius Walthef et Sigrid mater et Rogerus vir eius" donated land "in Aspatrick" to St Bees by undated charter[223]. Roger [& his wife] had one child:

(a) ROBERT . "Rogerus filius Gilberti" donated "terram de Walton" to St Bees, with the consent of "uxoris mee Sigeride", by undated charter, witnessed by "Roberto fratre meo…Roberto filio meo…"[224]. It is possible that Robert was his father´s son by an earlier otherwise unrecorded marriage.

iii) ROBERT . "Rogerus filius Gilberti" donated "terram de Walton" to St Bees, with the consent of "uxoris mee Sigeride", by undated charter, witnessed by "Roberto fratre meo…Roberto filio meo…"[225].

iv) [GILBERT de Lancaster . "…Gillebto de Lancas--- Ricardo filio Gillebti" witnessed the undated charter under which "Ricardus de Moravilla constabularius regis Scotie et Willelmus filius eius et heres" donated property "in Witelei" to Melrose abbey[226]. It is possible that "Gillebto de Lancas" in this charter was related to Hawise de Lancaster, the wife of Richard de Morville, possibly her paternal uncle. It is not known whether "Ricardo filio Gillebti" was the son of the same person, although this is suggested because the name follows Gilbert´s.]

The parentage of Warin de Lancaster has not been traced, although from a chronological point of view it is possible that he was another son of Gilbert de Lancaster and his wife Goditha:

1. WARIN de Lancaster (-before [1190/94]). "Johannes Comes Moreton" confirmed "terras…Ravenesmeles, Ainuluesdale, Vplitherland, Liuerpul, et Le Franceis", granted by "Rex Henricus pater meus" to "Warino patri suo", to "Henrico, filio Warini de Lancastre" by charter dated to [1190/94][227]. m ---. The name of Warin´s wife is not known. Warin & his wife had one child:

a) HENRY de Lancaster . "Johannes Comes Moreton" confirmed "terras…Ravenesmeles, Ainuluesdale, Vplitherland, Liuerpul, et Le Franceis", granted by "Rex Henricus pater meus" to "Warino patri suo", to "Henrico, filio Warini de Lancastre" by charter dated to [1190/94][228].

WILLIAM "Taillebois" de Lancaster, son of GILBERT & his wife Goditha --- (-after 1166). An undated manuscript relating to Cokersand Abbey, Lancashire names “Willielmus” as son of ”Gilbertus”[229]. “Willielmus filius Ranulphi” confirmed the foundation of St Bee´s priory, Cumberland by undated charter, dated to [1105/20], which refers to donations by “Willielmus filius Gilberti de Lancastria”[230]. "Willelmus filius Ranulfi" confirmed the donation of land "de Swartahof" donated by "Willelmus filius Gilberti de Lancastre" to St Bees by undated charter[231]. An undated manuscript relating to Cokersand Abbey, Lancashire names “Willielmum de Lancaster” as son of ”Gilbertus”[232]. A charter of King Henry II confirmed the donation to Furness by “Willilemum filium Gilberti” also named “primus Willielmum de Lancaster, baronem de Kendale, qui prius vocabatur de Tailboys”[233]. "Willelmus de Lancastre" donated property to Leicester, St Mary de Pré, with the consent of "Willelmi filii mei et hæredis et Gundredæ uxoris meæ", by charter dated to [1153/56][234]. "Willelmus de Lancastre" donated pasture rights in "feodum meum in Lonisdale et in Aumundernesse" to Leicester, St Mary de Pré, with the consent of "Willelmi filii mei et heredis et Gundree uxoris mee", for the souls of "…Gilberti patris mei et Godithe matris mee et Jordani filii mei et Margarete filia Comitisse", by charter dated to [1156/60], witnessed by "Willelmo filio meo et herede, Gundr fil Comitisse…"[235]. Lord of Kendale and Lonsdale in Westmoreland in 1166[236]. A charter of King Henry II records that “primus Willielmum de Lancaster, baronem de Kendale, qui prius vocabatur de Tailboys” married “Gundredam comitissam Warwic”[237].

[m firstly ---. No direct proof has been found of this supposed first marriage. However, assuming that Hawise, wife of Richard de Moreville, was the daughter of William de Lancaster, she must have been born from an otherwise unrecorded first marriage, given the estimated birth date of William´s known wife Gundred de Warenne.]

m [secondly] ([Jun 1153/1156]) as her second husband, GUNDRED de Warenne, widow of ROGER de Beaumont Earl of Warwick, daughter of WILLIAM de Warenne Earl of Surrey & his wife Elisabeth de Vermandois [Capet] ([1120 or after]-after 1166). Guillaume de Jumièges records that the elder daughter of "Guillaume II de Warenne comte de Surrey" and his wife married "Roger comte de Warwick, fils du comte Henri, frère de Robert comte de Meulan et né de Marguerite sœur de Rotrou comte du Perche" but does not name her[238]. Robert of Torigny names "Gondrada sorore uterine Galeranni comitis Mellenti" as wife of "Rogero comite Warwicensi"[239]. An undated manuscript relating to Cokersand Abbey, Lancashire records that “Willielmum de Lancaster” married ”Gundredam prius comitissam de Warwyke”[240]. Her second marriage is confirmed by a charter of King Henry II which records that “primus Willielmum de Lancaster, baronem de Kendale, qui prius vocabatur de Tailboys” married “Gundredam comitissam Warwic” and that she was the mother of his son William[241]. Her marriage date is dictated by the death of her first husband, recorded in Jun 1153. "Willelmus de Lancastre" donated property to Leicester, St Mary de Pré, with the consent of "Willelmi filii mei et hæredis et Gundredæ uxoris meæ", by charter dated to [1153/56][242]. "Willelmus de Lancastre" donated pasture rights in "feodum meum in Lonisdale et in Aumundernesse" to Leicester, St Mary de Pré, with the consent of "Willelmi filii mei et heredis et Gundree uxoris mee", for the souls of "…Gilberti patris mei et Godithe matris mee et Jordani filii mei et Margarete filia Comitisse", by charter dated to [1156/60], witnessed by "Willelmo filio meo et herede, Gundr fil Comitisse…"[243]. Farrer has suggested that the wording of this last document indicates that the wife of William de Lancaster was the daughter of Countess Gundred rather than the countess herself, suggesting that the latter must have been "well advanced in years" at the time of the marriage and implying that she would therefore have been past child-bearing age[244]. It is correct that the wording of the document is curious as it appears inconsistent with both possibilities: if Gundred was "Comitisse", one would expect the first part of the document to read "Gundree Comitisse uxoris mee"; on the other hand, if she was Gundred the daughter, one would expect the subscription to read "Gundr fil Comitisse ux mee". The two names which are quoted above in the subscription list of the document dated to [1156/60] precede the subscribers who held religious positions. It would therefore be normal for them to be the same persons who are named in the body of the document, in the same order, giving their consent to the transaction. However, it is difficult to adopt an interpretation which contradicts the three different sources quoted above (Robert de Torigny, the undated manuscript, and the charter of King Henry II) which identify the countess as William´s wife.

William & his [first] wife had one child:

1. HAWISE de Lancaster . "Ricardus de Morevill constabularius regis Scottie" donated "totam terram de Blanesleye" to Melrose abbey, with the consent of "Willi de Morevill filii et heredis mei", for the souls of "mee et…uxoris mee Auicie et Willi filii mei", by undated charter[245]. "Will de Morev" confirmed the donation of "totam terram de Bleyneslei" to Melrose abbey, made by "pater meus Ric de Moreuill", for the souls of "mee et…uxoris mee", by undated charter witnessed by "Ric de Morv patre meo, Auice de Loncastre matre…"[246]. There is uncertainty surrounding this "Hawise de Lancaster". Her marriage to William Peveril is confirmed by the undated charter under which “Avisia de Lancastria, uxor Willielmi Peverel” donated property to Derley Priory by undated charter[247]. Her marriage to Richard de Moreville is confirmed by the 1169/70 Pipe Roll which records "Ric de Moreuill" owing ".cc. m p recto hndo de tra q clamat c filia Willi de Lancastr" in Lancashire[248]. The primary source which confirms that the widow of William Peverel was the same person who remarried Richard de Morville has not yet been identified. There is also a difficulty concerning Hawise´s parentage. Domesday Descendants states that the wife of Richard de Morville was the daughter of William de Lancaster (no corresponding primary source cited)[249]. As can be seen from the chronology of William de Lancaster´s known wife Gundred de Warenne, this affiliation would only be possible if Hawise had been born from an otherwise unrecorded earlier marriage. On the other hand, the onomastics are favourable for this affiliation, as each succeeding generation of the "de Lancaster" family included a Hawise de Lancaster. A different affiliation is suggested by the Complete Peerage which speculates that the wife of William Peverel was Hawise, daughter of Roger de Montgommery Lord of Lancaster & his wife Almodis Ctss de la Marche[250]. This is not an ideal fit. Her supposed father Roger was banished from England in 1102 and retired to La Marche, so it is unclear why Hawise would have been described as “de Lancastria” in a charter which must have been dated about 40 years later. In any case, the chronology is unfavourable. It is unlikely that the wife of Roger de Montgommery, Almodis de la Marche, was born much later than 1070, given the known chronology of her family, which means that her children would have been born before 1110 at the latest. On the other hand, it is likely that William Peverel´s second marriage should be dated to the early 1140s at the earliest, as his first wife is named in one of the charters of Stephen King of England (who succeeded in 1135). Such a marriage date is late if his second wife was born in the early 1100s, and impossible assuming that his widow was the same person who married Richard de Morville and had children by him in the late 1150s. m firstly as his second wife, WILLIAM Peverel of Nottingham, son of WILLIAM Peverel & his wife Adeline ([1100/05]-after 1155). m secondly RICHARD de Moreville, son of HUGH de Morville & his wife Beatrice de Beauchamp (-1189).

William & his [first/second] wife had one child:

2. JORDAN (-before [1156/60]). "Willelmus de Lancastre" donated pasture rights in "feodum meum in Lonisdale et in Aumundernesse" to Leicester, St Mary de Pré, with the consent of "Willelmi filii mei et heredis et Gundree uxoris mee", for the souls of "…Gilberti patris mei et Godithe matris mee et Jordani filii mei et Margarete filia Comitisse", by charter dated to [1156/60], witnessed by "Willelmo filio meo et herede, Gundr fil Comitisse…"[251]. There is no indication of the age of Jordan when he died, so he could have been from either of William´s supposed marriages.

William & his [second] wife had one child:

3. WILLIAM de Lancaster ([1154/56]-1184, bur Furness Abbey). An undated manuscript relating to Cokersand Abbey, Lancashire names “Willielmus de Lancaster secundus” as son of ”Willielmum de Lancaster”[252]. "Willelmus de Lancastre" donated property to Leicester, St Mary de Pré, with the consent of "Willelmi filii mei et hæredis et Gundredæ uxoris meæ", by charter dated to [1153/56][253]. "Willelmus de Lancastre" donated pasture rights in "feodum meum in Lonisdale et in Aumundernesse" to Leicester, St Mary de Pré, with the consent of "Willelmi filii mei et heredis et Gundree uxoris mee", for the souls of "…Gilberti patris mei et Godithe matris mee et Jordani filii mei et Margarete filia Comitisse", by charter dated to [1156/60], witnessed by "Willelmo filio meo et herede, Gundr fil Comitisse…"[254]. A charter of King Henry II confirmed the donation to Furness by “Willielmum filium Gilberti” and names “Willielmum secundum” as son of “primus Willielmum de Lancaster, baronem de Kendale, qui prius vocabatur de Tailboys” and his wife “Gundredam comitissam Warwic”[255]. If this charter is correct in identifying William´s mother, William must have been an infant when he "consented" to the donations of his father in the charters dated to [1153/56] and [1156/60] which are quoted above. An alternative possibility is that the William who is named in the two charters was an older son, by his father´s presumed first marriage, who died soon afterwards and before the birth of a second son named William born to his father´s second wife. It should be noted that the chronology of the family of William´s wife, Helwise de Stuteville, is consistent with her husband having been born in [1154/56]. "Willelmus filius Willelmi de Lancastre" confirmed the donations of "villam de Helsingham cum terra de Walton" to St Bees made by "Rogerus filius Gilberti" by undated charter[256]. “Willielmus de Lancastre” donated property to Furness Abbey, for the soul of “Agnetis sponsæ meæ” by charter dated 6 Nov 1240 which records that “avi mei…Willielmi de Lancastre” was buried in the abbey[257]. m HELWISE de Stuteville, daughter of ROBERT de Stuteville & his wife Helwise ---. An undated manuscript relating to Cokersand Abbey, Lancashire records that “Willielmus de Lancaster secundus” married ”Helewisiam”[258]. A charter of King Henry II records that “Willielmum secundum” married “Helewisam de Stuteville” by whom he was father of “Helewisam” who married “Gilberto filio Rogeri filii Reynfredi”[259]. William & his wife had one child:

a) HAWISE de Lancaster . An undated manuscript relating to Cokersand Abbey, Lancashire names “Helewisia” as daughter of “Willielmus de Lancaster secundus” and his wife, adding that she married ”Gilbert filium Raynfridi”[260]. Henry II King of England granted "filiam Willelmi de Lancastre cum tota hæreditate sua" to "Gilleberto filio Rogeri filii Rainfridi, dapifero nostro" by charter dated to [1184/89][261]. A charter of King Henry II names “Helewisam” as daughter of “Willielmum secundum” and his wife “Helewisam de Stuteville”, adding that she married “Gilberto filio Rogeri filii Reynfredi”[262]. “Gilbertus filius Reinfredi et Elewisa uxor eius” donated various churches to Wetherhal priory by undated charter[263]. m ([1184/89]) GILBERT FitzRoger FitzReinfrid Lord of Kendal, son of ROGER FitzReinfrid & his wife --- (-before 1220).

1. ROGER FitzReinfrid . A charter of King Edward II confirmed donations to “ecclesiæ beati Thomæ martiris de Westwuda in Liesenes” including the donation of “ecclesiam de Ramesdena” made by “Rogeri filii Reinfrei”[264]. m ---. The name of Roger´s wife is not known. Roger & his wife had one child:

a) GILBERT FitzRoger FitzReinfrid (-before 1220). Henry II King of England granted "filiam Willelmi de Lancastre cum tota hæreditate sua" to "Gilleberto filio Rogeri filii Rainfridi, dapifero nostro" by charter dated to [1184/89][265]. Lord of Kendal. Richard I King of England exempted "Gileberto filio Rogeri filii Reinfredi" from neatgeld or cornage in "totam terram suam de Westmeriland et de Kendale" by charter dated 15 Apr 1190[266]. King John confirmed "tota terra sua de Westmoriland et de Kendal" to "G. fil Rog filii Reinfr" by charter dated 25 Apr 1200[267]. “Gilbertus filius Reinfredi et Elewisa uxor eius” donated various churches to Wetherhal priory by undated charter[268]. The Testa de Nevill includes a writ of King John dated 1212 which records "Gilbertus filius Reinfridi" holding "feudum unius militis" in Lancashire, adding that "Willelmus de Lanc" had granted "in maritagium v caricatas terre in duobus Eccliston et in Lairbrec"[269]. "Gilebertus fil Reinfr" made a fine for the release of "Willelmus de Lancastr filius suus et Rad de Aencurt et Lambertus de Busay milites sui…qui capti sunt in castro Roffens", naming "…filius primogenitus Rogeri de Kirkeby que habit de filia eiusdem Gilberti fil Reinfr, filium et heredum Willelmi de Windlesor que habit de nepte eiusdem Gilebert…" among the hostages which were given, dated 1216[270]. m ([1184/89]) HAWISE de Lancaster, daughter of WILLIAM de Lancaster & his wife Helwise de Stuteville. An undated manuscript relating to Cokersand Abbey, Lancashire names “Helewisia” as daughter of “Willielmus de Lancaster secundus” and his wife, adding that she married ”Gilbert filium Raynfridi”[271]. Henry II King of England granted "filiam Willelmi de Lancastre cum tota hæreditate sua" to "Gilleberto filio Rogeri filii Rainfridi, dapifero nostro" by charter dated to [1184/89][272]. A charter of King Henry II names “Helewisam” as daughter of “Willielmum secundum” and his wife “Helewisam de Stuteville”, adding that she married “Gilberto filio Rogeri filii Reynfredi”[273]. “Gilbertus filius Reinfredi et Elewisa uxor eius” donated various churches to Wetherhal priory by undated charter[274]. Gilbert & his wife had five children:

i) WILLIAM de Lancaster (-29 Nov 1247). An undated manuscript relating to Cokersand Abbey, Lancashire names “Willielmus de Lancaster tertius” as son of “Willielmus de Lancaster secundus” and his wife, adding that he died childless[275]. "Gilebertus fil Reinfr" made a fine for the release of "Willelmus de Lancastr filius suus et Rad de Aencurt et Lambertus de Busay milites sui…qui capti sunt in castro Roffens", naming "…filius primogenitus Rogeri de Kirkeby que habit de filia eiusdem Gilberti fil Reinfr, filium et heredum Willelmi de Windlesor que habit de nepte eiusdem Gilebert…" among the hostages which were given, dated 1216[276]. Henry III King of England granted custody of "Thedbaldo filio Thedbaldi Walteri Matildem sororem ipsius…", previously granted by King John to "Gileberto filio Reinfridi patris tuo", to "Willelmo de Lancastria" dated [Jun] 1220[277]. "William of Lancaster" performed homage for "his relief for the lands…formerly of Gilbert son of Reinfrid his father", dated 16 Jun 1220[278]. “Willielmus de Lancastre” donated property to Furness Abbey, for the soul of “Agnetis sponsæ meæ” by charter dated 6 Nov 1240 which records that “avi mei…Willielmi de Lancastre” was buried in the abbey, witnessed by “…domino Rogero fratre meo…Gilberto de Lancastre constabulario de Kirkeby…”[279]. A writ dated 25 Dec "31 Hen III", after the death of "William de Lancastr" names "Peter de Brus of full age and Walter son of William de Lyndeseys aged 16 are his heirs", adding that he died "on Wednesday the vigil of St Andrew"[280]. m AGNES de Brus, daughter of ---. A manuscript narrating the family of “Willielmi de Lancastra” records that “Willielmus de Lancastra tertius” married “Agnetem de Brus”[281].

ii) daughter . "Gilebertus fil Reinfr" made a fine for the release of "Willelmus de Lancastr filius suus et Rad de Aencurt et Lambertus de Busay milites sui…qui capti sunt in castro Roffens", naming "…filius primogenitus Rogeri de Kirkeby que habuit de filia eiusdem Gilberti fil Reinfr, filium et heredum Willelmi de Windlesor que habuit de nepte eiusdem Gilebert…" among the hostages which were given, dated 1216[282]. m ROGER de Kirkeby, son of --- (-after 1216).

iii) HAWISE de Lancaster . A manuscript describing the descendants of “Ivo Tayleboyse” names “Helewisiam primogenitam…maritata Petro de Brus seniori, Alicia…maritata Willo de Lindesay et Serotam…maritata Alano de Multono” as the three sisters of "Willielmum de Lancastre…tertius et ultimus"[283]. A manuscript narrating the family of “Willielmi de Lancastra” records that “Petrus le Brus senior” married “Helewisam” sister of “Willielmus de Lancastra tertius”[284]. According to an undated manuscript relating to Cokersand Abbey, Lancashire, the wife of “Petrum de Brus seniorem” was Hawise, daughter of “Willielmus de Lancaster secundus” as her second husband[285]. m PETER [III] de Brus Lord of Skelton, son of PETER [II] de Brus Lord of Skelton & his wife Joan --- (-Marseille 13 Sep 1241, bur Gisburne Priory).

iv) ALICE de Lancaster (-before 1247). A manuscript describing the descendants of “Ivo Tayleboyse” names “Helewisiam primogenitam…maritata Petro de Brus seniori, Alicia…maritata Willo de Lindesay et Serotam…maritata Alano de Multono” as the three sisters of "Willielmum de Lancastre…tertius et ultimus"[286]. However, her parentage and marriage are confirmed by a writ dated Thursday after Epiphany "56 Hen III", after the death of her son "Walter de Lyndesay", which records "a moiety of the lands which were of William de Lonecastre his uncle, one of whose heirs he was, excepting the dower of Agnes sometime the wife of the said William"[287]. m ([1220]) WILLIAM de Lindsay, son of WALTER de Lindsay & his wife --- (-1247).

v) SEROTA de Lancaster . A manuscript describing the descendants of “Ivo Tayleboyse” names “Helewisiam primogenitam…maritata Petro de Brus seniori, Alicia…maritata Willo de Lindesay et Serotam…maritata Alano de Multono” as the three sisters of "Willielmum de Lancastre…tertius et ultimus"[288]. m ALAN de Multon, son of ---.

2. ROGER de Lancaster, son of --- . m PHILIPPA de Bolebec, daughter of HUGH de Bolebec & his wife Tiphaine --- ([1238/39]-). An undated charter relating to Alnwick Abbey, Northumberland records that Cecilia de Vescy married “Hugoni de Bolbek seniori, qui genuit Walterum de Bolbek, qui Hugonem juniorem, qui Feliciam matrem domini Johannis de Lancastria”[289]. A writ dated 23 Oct "46 Hen III", after the death of "Hugh de Bolebek alias de Bolebech" records "his daughters, Philippa aged 23 and more married to Roger de Launcastre…are his heirs"[290]. A writ dated 20 Feb "3 Edw I", after the death of "Avelina late the wife of Edmund the king´s brother", names as heirs of "Richard de Munfichet…his three sisters, the first sister Margery married Hugh de Bulebec, and from them issued Hugh de Bulebec who had four daughters, Philippa married to Roger de Lancastre, Margery married to Nicholas Corbet, Alice married to Walter de Huntercumbe, and Maud married to Hugh de la Valle…"[291]. Roger & his wife had one child:

a) JOHN de Lancaster . Wrottesley shows John as son of Roger de Lancaster and his wife from a plea relating to the church of Barneton, Cambridgeshire[292]. m ANNORA, daughter of ---. Wrottesley shows Annora as the wife of John de Lancaster from a plea relating to the church of Barneton, Cambridgeshire[293].

Chapter 5. LAVAL

HUGUES [II] de Laval, son of [HUGUES [I] de Laval & his wife ---] (-before 1130). The chronology suggests that there must have been two persons named Hugues de Laval in the late-11th and early 12th centuries. Hugues de Laval (named Hugues [I] de Laval, above), son of Hamon Sire de Laval, is named in a charter dated 11 Nov 1039. It is therefore extremely unlikely that he could have been the same person as Hugues [II] de Laval whose death is dated to before 1130. It is possible that Hugues [II] was the son of Hugues [I]. An undated charter, dated to the early 12th century, under which the nuns of Ronceray confirmed an agreement, is witnessed by "Hugues de Laval, qui nunc dominium tenebat"[294], which suggests that Hugues acted as regent during the minority of Guy [III] Sire de Laval. The Lindsey Survey, dated to [1115/18], records "Hugh de Laval" holding land in Great and Little Coates, Hackthorn and other places[295]. "Hugo de la Val" confirmed the donation by "Robertus de Laceio tempore regis Willilmi secundi" and added his own donation to Pontefract abbey, for the salvation of "conjugis meæ et liberorum meorum", by charter dated to [1121/29][296]. According to Dugdale´s Monasticon, Henry I King of England granted Pontefract castle to "Hugo de la Val" after Robert de Lacy was banished, and "Empress" Matilda restored the castle to Robert´s son, so dated to the early 1140s[297]. If Robert de Lacy´s death is correctly estimated to [1093/99] (see UNTITLED ENGLISH NOBLITY), his banishment must have occurred during the reign of King William II. The timing of King Henry I´s granted to Hugues de Laval is therefore uncertain.

m as her first husband, DAMETA, daughter of --- (-after 1130). The 1130 Pipe Roll names "Wido de Laval" followed immediately by "Willo Maltverso" in Northumberland, and in another passage records that "Wills Maltvers" owed money to the king for "uxore Hug de Laval" and for the latter´s land[298]. The 1130 Pipe Roll names "Damete" in Oxfordshire[299]. She married secondly (1129) William Maltravers. "Willelmus Maltravers" donated property to Pontefract abbey, with the consent of "uxore mea Dalmeta", by charter dated to [1130/36][300].

Hugues & his wife had [two or more] children:

1. [GUY de Laval (-after 1130). The 1130 Pipe Roll names "Wido de Laval" followed immediately by "Willo Maltverso" in Northumberland[301]. This suggests a close family relationship between the two, probably that Guy was William´s stepson. The fact that Hugues de Laval did have children is shown by the charter dated to [1121/29] under which "Hugo de la Val" confirmed the donation by "Robertus de Laceio tempore regis Willilmi secundi" and added his own donation to Pontefract abbey, for the salvation of "conjugis meæ et liberorum meorum"[302]. Domesday Descendants says that Guy was the same person as Guy [III] de Laval[303]. However, the later references to the name Laval in England suggests that this may not be the case. same person as…? GUY de Laval (-after 1167). The Red Book of the Exchequer 1166 names "Wido de Lanval" as one of the forty knights` fees of "Henricus de Lascy" who held "veteri feodo Pontis Fracti" from the king, and lists the ten knights who held from him[304]. The Red Book of the Exchequer refers to "Guido de Laval xx m" in Yorkshire in [1167/68][305]. m ---. The name of Guy´s wife is not known. Guy & his wife had [two] children:

a) [GUY de Laval (-after 1212). The Red Book of the Exchequer names "Guido de Valle xxl" among those who paid scutagium in "Everwiksira" in 1171/72[306]. The Red Book of the Exchequer names "Guido de Laval xl" with "xx milites" among those who paid scutagium in "Eboracsira" in 1190/91[307]. The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1194/95], records "de his qui non habent capitales honores…Guidone de Lanval" paying "x s" in Oxfordshire[308]. The Red Book of the Exchequer names "Guido de Laval xxl" with "xx milites" among those who paid scutagium in "Eboracsira" in 1194/95 and 1196/97, "Guido de Laval xl m" in 1199/1200, and "Wido de la Val xx milites" in 1201/02[309]. The Red Book of the Exchequer names "Guido de Laval" among "isti habent quietantiam per brevia" in 1196/97[310]. The Red Book of the Exchequer names "Wido de Laval iim et dimidium marcam" in "Lincolnesira" in 1196/97[311]. The Red Book of the Exchequer names "Guido de Laval, i feodum et dimidium, per Vicecomitatum" in "Oxoneforddschira" in 1199/1200[312]. The Testa de Nevill includes a writ of King John dated 1212 which records that "Wido de la Val" held "Haskebi et Ravendale et Wada et Brichisle" in Lincolnshire[313].]

b) [GILBERT [I] de Laval (-after [1171/72]). The Red Book of the Exchequer 1166 names "Gilbertus de Lanval" declared to Henry II King of England that "antecessores mei" held two knights` fees in Northumberland "tempore Regis H avi vestri" and that he still held them, and in other passages "Gilbertus de La Val, Calverdone" with two knights, and "Gillebertus de Laval" with two fees in "honor et wardæ Novi Castri"[314]. The Red Book of the Exchequer names "Gilbertus de Laval xls" among those who paid scutagium in "Northumberlande" in 1171/72[315].]

2. other children . "Hugo de la Val" confirmed the donation by "Robertus de Laceio tempore regis Willilmi secundi" and added his own donation to Pontefract abbey, for the salvation of "conjugis meæ et liberorum meorum", by charter dated to [1121/29][316].

1. GILBERT [II] de Laval (-[30 Sep 1219/29 Jan 1229]). It is not known whether Gilbert [II] de Laval was the same person as Gilbert [I] de Laval named above. The Testa de Nevill includes a writ of King John dated 1212 which records "Gillebertus de Laval" holding "baroniam de Calverdona" in Northumberland which had been held by "omnes antecessores sui…post conquestum Anglie"[317]. Henry III King of England ordered "Gillebertus de Laval…" to enquire into the state of the forests "Norhumberland" dated [Jul] 1219[318]. "Gilbert de la Val" paid a fine for "having a pone" concerning his claim relating to services from "Roger of Holywell", dated 30 Sep 1219[319]. m ---. The name of Gilbert´s wife is not known. Gilbert & his wife had two children:

a) EUSTACE de Laval (-before 16 Mar 1258). "Eustace de la Val" paid homage to the king "for the two knights´ fess that Gilbert de la Val his father held of the king in chief in Callerton, Dissington and Seaton" in Northumberland, dated 29 Jan 1229[320]. A writ dated 16 Mar "42 Hen III", after the death of "Eustace de la Val alias de Laval" names "Henry de Laval his brother, aged 60 and more, is his heir" and manors in Northumberland "Calverdon, Discington and Seton…Halywell held of Sir John Balliol in free marriage without service, Hertelawe…Echewic town" and "bound to John de Laval in 7 marks rent for life"[321].

b) HENRY de Laval ([1197/98]-after 1258). A writ dated 16 Mar "42 Hen III", after the death of "Eustace de la Val alias de Laval" names "Henry de Laval his brother, aged 60 and more, is his heir"[322].

2. JOHN de Laval (-after 1258). A writ dated 16 Mar "42 Hen III", after the death of "Eustace de la Val alias de Laval" states that he was "bound to John de Laval in 7 marks rent for life"[323].

Chapter 6. LESTRANGE

1. RIVALLON [Ruald] le Strange . “Alan son of Flaald” granted Sporle Priory, Norfolk to Saumur Saint-Florent by charter, dated to before 1122, witnessed by “…Rivallonus Extraneus…”[324].

2. ROLAND le Strange . m MATILDA, daughter of [RALPH FitzHerluin alias RALPH de Hunstanston & his wife Heloise de Plaiz]. Her marriage is confirmed by the charter dated to [1157/60] in which her son "Johannes Extraneus" donated land to Castle Acre priory, for the souls of "patris mei Rollandi et Matildæ matris meæ et Hamonis fratris mei"[325]. Her parentage is also suggested by the charter dated to [before 1174] in which her son "Johannes cognomento Le Strange" donated "villa de Egeffel", held by "Radulfus de Hunestaneston…et filius eius Simon post eum, deinde frater ipsius Reginaldus le Brun" of whom "ego…legitimus heres iure hereditario successi"[326]. Roland & his wife had four children:

a) JOHN [I] le Strange (-before 29 Sep 1178). His parentage is confirmed by the charter dated to [1157/60] in which "Johannes Extraneus" donated land to Castle Acre priory, for the souls of "patris mei Rollandi et Matildæ matris meæ et Hamonis fratris mei"[327]. "Radulfus Lestrange" granted land in Wormgay, Norfolk to St Katherine´s, Blackburgh by charter dated to [1150], witnessed by "..:Widone Lestrange…Iohe Lestrange"[328]. “Johannes Extraneus et Wido frater eius, Johannes filius Johannis Extranei, Wido et Hamo filii Widonis Extranei, Thomas filius Roberti filii Noelli…” witnessed the undated charter under which “Willielmus filius Willielmi filii Alani” donated “villam…Parva Buldewas” to Buildwas Abbey, Shropshire[329]. The 1157 Pipe Roll records "Johi Extaneo" in Shropshire with revenue ₤7/10s[330]. Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record that "Johannes Lestrange" took one knight´s fee "Cheswrtha" [Cheswardine] from "Roberti di Staffordia" in Staffordshire[331]. m HAWISE, daughter of ---. Her marriage is confirmed by one copy of a charter dated to [1177/80] in which "Johannes Extraneus" confirmed a donation of land in Webblescowe to Haughmond abbey, for the soul of "Hawise his wife", witnessed by "Wido my brother, Ralph his son, Hugh le Strange, Marescote, and Henry his son"[332]. John & his wife had two children:

i) JOHN [II] le Strange (-before 20 Jan 1234). “Johannes Extraneus et Wido frater eius, Johannes filius Johannis Extranei, Wido et Hamo filii Widonis Extranei, Thomas filius Roberti filii Noelli…” witnessed the undated charter under which “Willielmus filius Willielmi filii Alani” donated “villam…Parva Buldewas” to Buildwas Abbey, Shropshire[333].

- see below.

ii) WILLIAM le Strange . “Johannes Extraneus filius Johanni Extranei” donated “ecclesiam de Hulmo” to Lilleshall abbey by undated charter, witnessed by “Willielmo Extraneo fratre meo”[334].

iii) HAMO le Strange (-before 1203). Eyton records that John [II] le Strange was fined 60 merks "to have custody of Wrockwardine manor, formerly held by his brother Hamo, till the king should return into England" (dated to [1201/03])[335].

b) GUY le Strange (-[1179/80]). "Radulfus Lestrange" granted land in Wormgay, Norfolk to St Katherine´s, Blackburgh by charter dated to [1150], witnessed by "..:Widone Lestrange…Iohe Lestrange"[336]. The 1156 and 1157 Pipe Rolls record "Widoni Extaneo" in Shropshire[337]. Sheriff of Shropshire 1170. “Johannes Extraneus et Wido frater eius, Johannes filius Johannis Extranei, Wido et Hamo filii Widonis Extranei, Thomas filius Roberti filii Noelli…” witnessed the undated charter under which “Willielmus filius Willielmi filii Alani” donated “villam…Parva Buldewas” to Buildwas Abbey, Shropshire[338]. The 1176/77 Pipe Roll names "Guido Extraneus" in Shropshire[339]. m firstly ---. The Rotuli de Dominabus of 1185 names Guy´s widow but does not specify the number of her children, unlike other entries for widows with children, which suggests that all of Guy´s children were born from this presumed first marriage of which no information is otherwise known. m secondly as her third husband, MARY, widow firstly of --- and secondly of ---, daughter of ---. Guy le Strange and his wife Mary donated their mills at Stretton-upon-Avon and Alveley to Haughmond abbey by charter dated to [1171][340]. The Rotuli de Dominabus of 1185 records property “in dote Rungeton de feodo de Wermegai” held by “Maria uxor Gwidonis Extraney”, adding that she was 40 years old and had three husbands[341]. Guy & his [first] wife had six children:

i) GUY le Strange (-after 1196). “Johannes Extraneus et Wido frater eius, Johannes filius Johannis Extranei, Wido et Hamo filii Widonis Extranei, Thomas filius Roberti filii Noelli…” witnessed the undated charter under which “Willielmus filius Willielmi filii Alani” donated “villam…Parva Buldewas” to Buildwas Abbey, Shropshire[342]. The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1194/95], records "Guido Extraneus, Johannes Extraneus" paying "vvv s, i militem et dimidiam" each in Shropshire[343]. The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1196/97], records "Guido Extraneus" paying "xxx s, i militem et dimidium" in Shropshire[344].

ii) HAMO le Strange . “Johannes Extraneus et Wido frater eius, Johannes filius Johannis Extranei, Wido et Hamo filii Widonis Extranei, Thomas filius Roberti filii Noelli…” witnessed the undated charter under which “Willielmus filius Willielmi filii Alani” donated “villam…Parva Buldewas” to Buildwas Abbey, Shropshire[345].

iii) MARGARET le Strange (-[Feb] 1222). Her parentage and two marriages are noted by Eyton who also refers to her daughters by her first husband and their descendants[346]. "Alice de Harcourt and Joan her sister, daughters and heiresses of Margaret Lestrange" made a fine for "their relief of half a knight´s fee…that Margaret held of the king in chief in Alveley and Weston" in Shropshire, dated 15 Apr 1222[347]. m firstly ([1175 or before]) THOMAS Noel, son of ROBERT FitzNoel & his wife --- (-[1206]). m secondly (1207) THOMAS de Blancminster, son of --- (-after 1222).

iv) JOAN le Strange . Her parentage and marriages are noted by Eyton who also refers to her daughters by her first husband and their descendants[348]. m RICHARD de Wappenbury, son of --- (-[1209/16]).

v) MATILDA le Strange (-1242 or after). Her parentage and marriages are noted by Eyton who also refers to her daughters by her first husband and their descendants[349]. m GRIFFIN de Sutton, son of --- (-[Jan 1221]).

vi) RALPH le Strange (-mid 1195). His parentage is confirmed by one copy of a charter dated to [1177/80] in which "Johannes Extraneus" confirmed a donation of land in Webblescowe to Haughmond abbey, for the soul of "Hawise his wife", witnessed by "Wido my brother, Ralph his son, Hugh le Strange, Marescote, and Henry his son"[350]. The 1194/95 Pipe Roll records "Radulfo f Widonis Extranei…in Aluedelega" in Shropshire[351].

c) HAMO le Strange (-1160 or before). The 1156 and 1157 Pipe Rolls record "Hamoni Extaneo" in Shropshire with revenue of ₤4[352]. "Willielmus filius Alani" confirmed a donation of Nagington to Haughmond abbey, for the soul of "Hamonis Extranei", by charter dated to [1160], witnessed by "Johanne Extraneo, Widone Extraneo, Engelardo, Willielmo filio Odonis"[353]. "Johannes Extraneus" donated land to Castle Acre priory, for the souls of "patris mei Rollandi et Matildæ matris meæ et Hamonis fratris mei", by charter dated to [1157/60][354].

d) RALPH le Strange (-before Jun 1194). "Radulfus Lestrange" granted land in Wormgay, Norfolk to St Katherine´s, Blackburgh by charter dated to [1150], witnessed by "..:Widone Lestrange…Iohe Lestrange"[355]. "Radulfus Extraneus" confirmed the donation of Nagington to Haughmond abbey by "Willielmus filius Alani", for the soul of "Hamonis fratris mei", by undated charter, witnessed by "Johanne Extraneo, Widone Extraneo…"[356]. "Radulphus Extraneus" donated the mill of Hunstanston to Haughmond abbey, for the souls of "…Johannis fratris mei qui feudum mihi dedit et filii mei Rolandi", by undated charter[357]. m [--- de Cressy, daughter of HUGH de Cressy & his wife ---. A charter extract, undated, records that "Radulfus Extraneus" gave two knights´ fees to "Hugonis de Creissio…quod tenet de eo de dote suæ uxoris" and that "Willelmus de Waltun" have "c s…dominæ Alæ…et illa comiti de Warenna"[358]. This text is difficult to interpret with certainty but could refer to the wife of Ralph le Strange, son of Roland le Strange.] Ralph & his wife had three children:

i) ROLAND le Strange . "Radulphus Extraneus" donated the mill of Hunstanston to Haughmond abbey, for the souls of "…Johannis fratris mei qui feudum mihi dedit et filii mei Rolandi", by undated charter[359].

ii) MATILDA . Her parentage and marriage are confirmed by a lawsuit pending in 1198 between "Fulk de Oirri and Philip de Burnham as husbands of Matilda and Emma, daughters of Ralph le Strange" relating to their shares of Ralph´s inheritance[360]. m FULK de Oirri, son of ---.

iii) EMMA . Her parentage and marriage are confirmed by a lawsuit pending in 1198 between "Fulk de Oirri and Philip de Burnham as husbands of Matilda and Emma, daughters of Ralph le Strange" relating to their shares of Ralph´s inheritance[361]. m PHILIP de Burnham, son of ---.

1. ADAM le Strange . The 1176/77 Pipe Roll names "Ade Extraneo" in Shropshire[362].

JOHN [II] le Strange, son of JOHN le Strange & his wife --- (-before 20 Jan 1234). “Johannes Extraneus et Wido frater eius, Johannes filius Johannis Extranei, Wido et Hamo filii Widonis Extranei, Thomas filius Roberti filii Noelli…” witnessed the undated charter under which “Willielmus filius Willielmi filii Alani” donated “villam…Parva Buldewas” to Buildwas Abbey, Shropshire[363]. The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1194/95], records "Guido Extraneus, Johannes Extraneus" paying "vvv s, i militem et dimidiam" each in Shropshire[364]. “Johannes Extraneus filius Johanni Extranei” donated “ecclesiam de Hulmo” to Lilleshall abbey by undated charter, witnessed by “Willielmo Extraneo fratre meo”[365]. The 1194/95 Pipe Roll records "Johanni f Johannis Extranei…in Nesse et Chessewurdin" in Shropshire[366]. The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Johannes Extraneus" holding one knight´s fee "in Nesse et Chesworthin" in Shropshire in [1210/12][367].

m AMICE, daughter of ---. John le Strange names Amice as his wife in the Lilleshall cartulary[368].

John [II] & his wife had three children:

1. JOHN [III] le Strange (-before 26 Mar 1269). Henry III King of England ordered "…Johannes Extraneus junior" to enquire into the state of the forests "de comitatu Salopie" dated [Jul] 1219[369]. m LUCY, daughter of ---. John [III] & his wife had four children:

a) JOHN [IV] le Strange (-before 28 Dec 1275[370]). m JOAN de Somery, daughter of ROGER de Somery & his first wife Nicole de Albini of the Earls of Arundel. The Annales Londonienses name "filium Radulphum qui mortuus erat ante patrem suum et quatuor filias, Margaretam, Johannam, Elizabetham et Matildam, Margareta nupsit Radulpho de Basset juniori, Johanna nupsit Johanni Lestrange, Elizabetha Waltero de Souli, Matillda Henrico de Erdyntoune" as the children of "Rogeri de Someri" and his wife "Nicholaa", adding that Joan married "Johanni Lestrange"[371]. A writ dated 26 Aug "1 Edw I", after the death of "Roger de Somery" records details of "the inheritance of Nicholaa de Albiniaco his first wife" and names "Margaret the wife of Ralph de Cromwelle, Joan the wife of John le Strange, Mabel the wife of Walter de Suyllye and Maud the wife of Henry de Erdinton" as her heirs[372]. John [IV] & his wife had one child:

i) JOHN [V] le Strange ([1252/53]-8 Aug 1309 or before). The Chronicle of Peterborough names "dominus Rogerus le Estrange capitaneus…dominus Johannes le Estrange" among those sent to fight Llywelyn Prince of Wales in 1282[373]. Eyton gives some details about his descendants in Shropshire[374]. He was summoned to Parliament in 1299 whereby he is held to have become Lord Strange. m firstly ELEANOR, daughter of --- & his wife Joan [de Somery]. m secondly MAUD, daughter of --- (-after 30 Oct 1309).

- LORDS STRANGE[375].

b) HAMO le Strange (-[1274/75]). "Hamo Extraneus with consent of Sir John his father" donated his part of the wood at Wombridge to Wombridge priory by charter dated to [1247/59])[376]. He may have accompanied Edward, son of Henry III King of England, on his crusade to Palestine in 1271. Rüdt-Collenberg says that Hamo Lestrange of Ellesmere went to Palestine in 1270/71[377]. According to the Complete Peerage, Hamo was "prominent in the king's service until his death, probably in the Holy Land, early in 1274/5"[378]. On his deathbed, he placed his wife and the fief of Beirut under the protection of the Mameluk Sultan Baibars[379]. m (21 Mar 1272) as her second husband, ISABELLE Ibelin Lady of Beirut, widow of HUGUES II King of Cyprus, daughter of JEAN Ibelin Lord of Beirut & his wife Alice of Athens ([1252]-[1282/before Nov 1283]). The Lignages d'Outremer name "Yzabeau la fille dou seignor de Baruth" as the wife of an unnamed person who died at the age of 14[380]. The paragraph in question deals with the family of the kings of Cyprus, and it is most likely that words have been omitted from the text which would clarify that the husband in question was Hugues II King of Cyprus. This is confirmed by another manuscript of the Lignages which names "Ysabeau et Eschive" as the two daughters of Jean son of "Balian…sire de Baruth" & his wife, stating that Isabelle married firstly "Huge, le fis de Henri roy de Chipre, qui morut de 14 ans", secondly "un Englés…Heimon Lestrange" and thirdly "Guille Barlais" and died without heirs[381]. Isabelle returned from Cyprus to Beirut after the death of her first husband. She married thirdly (1276) Nicolas Alaman titular Lord of Caesarea (-murdered Jun 1277). After the death of her second husband, Hugues III King of Cyprus and Jerusalem took her to Cyprus to marry her third husband, but was obliged to return her to Beirut in 1277 in view of the deathbed agreement made by her second husband[382]. She married fourthly (after 1277) as his first wife, Guillaume Barlais, son of --- (-[1305/06]).

c) ROGER le Strange (-after [1270]). "Dominis Rogero Extraneo, Roberto fratre suo" witnessed the charter dated to [1270] under which "Hawise" kept the manor of Stretton for "frater suus dominus Hamo Extraneus" when he left for Palestine, with the consent of "mariti sui…domini Griffini"[383]. Lord of Cheswardine and Ellesmere[384].

d) ROBERT le Strange (-after 1282). "Dominis Rogero Extraneo, Roberto fratre suo" witnessed the charter dated to [1270] under which "Hawise" kept the manor of Stretton for "frater suus dominus Hamo Extraneus" when he left for Palestine, with the consent of "mariti sui…domini Griffini"[385]. "John le Strange Lord of Knokyn" gave Wrockwardine manor to "Robert le Strange his brother" dated 23 May 1275[386]. The Chronicle of Peterborough names "dominus Rogerus le Estrange capitaneus…dominus Johannes le Estrange" among those sent to fight Llywelyn Prince of Wales in 1282[387]. Eyton gives some details about his descendants in Shropshire[388].

e) ALICE (-after [1260/61]). John le Strange gave half his manor of Lytcham, Norfolk to his daughter Alice, towards her marriage in [1260/61][389].

f) HAWISE (-1310). "Griffin son of Wenunewin" was granted "the manor of Eshford, co Derby" to give as dower to "Hawyse daughter of John Lestrange his wife", dated 24 Feb 1242[390]. "Hawise" kept the manor of Stretton for "frater suus dominus Hamo Extraneus" when he left for Palestine, with the consent of "mariti sui…domini Griffini", by charter dated to [1270], witnessed by "Dominis Rogero Extraneo, Roberto fratre suo"[391]. m (before 24 Feb 1242) GRUFFYDD ap Gwenwynwyn, son of GWENWYNWYN Prince of Southern Powys & his wife Mary Corbet (-1286).

2. HAMO le Strange .

3. MARGERY . Eyton suggests her parentage and marriage to explain the charter, dated to [1238/55], under which "Nicholas de Willilegh" sold to Sir John le Strange land at Lytcham, Norfolk "which the father of the said John gave for the frank marriage of Ralph de Pichford and Margery his daughter"[392]. m RALPH de Pichford, son of ---.

Chapter 7. LIMESEY

1. RALPH [I] de Limesey . "…Edward Sheriff of Wilts., Hugo Sheriff of Hants, Robert de Oilli, Constable, Ralph de Mortimer, Robert Malet, Roger de Ivry pincerna, Walter de Lacy, Ralph de Limesey, Humphrey the Chamberlain, the dapifer of the count of Ponthieu, Geoffrey son of Hersendis…" witnessed the charter dated to [1078/87] under which William I King of England notified the grant of land by the bishop of Winchester to the king´s cook[393]. “Radulfus de Limesey” founded Hertford priory, with the consent of “uxore sua et filiis suis”, by undated charter, dated to the late 1080s[394]. m ---. The name of Ralph´s wife is not known. Ralph [I] & his wife had children:

a) RALPH [II] de Limesey . “Radulfus de Limesey” donated property to Hertford priory, with the consent of “Hadwisiæ uxori suæ”, by undated charter, witnessed by "Raerus filius domini, Robertus de Statford nepos domini…"[395]. Henry I King of England confirmed the donation to Hertford priory by "Radulphi de Limsey" by charter dated to [1100/07][396]. m HAWISE, daughter of ---. “Radulfus de Limesey” donated property to Hertford priory, with the consent of “Hadwisiæ uxori suæ”, by undated charter, witnessed by "Raerus filius domini, Robertus de Statford nepos domini…"[397]. Ralph & his wife had two children:

i) RAHER de Limesey . “Radulfus de Limesey” donated property to Hertford priory, with the consent of “Hadwisiæ uxori suæ”, by undated charter, witnessed by "Raerus filius domini, Robertus de Statford nepos domini…"[398].

ii) ALAN de Limesay (-after 1129). The 1130 Pipe Roll records "Alan de Limesei…tra patris sui" in Hertfordshire[399]. “Alanus de Limesey” confirmed donations to Hertford priory by “pater meus Radulphus de Limesy…pro animæ uxoris suæ Hadewisæ matris meæ”, for the souls of "filii mei", by undated charter[400].

- see below.

b) [ . The identity of the mother of "Robert de Statford" is not known. Domesday Descendants suggests that the wife of Nicholas de Stafford, son of Robert [I] de Stafford & his wife [Avice de Clare], was "probably the daughter of Ralph I de Limesey"[401]. This speculation is presumably based on the undated charter quoted below, on the assumption that "Robertus de Statford" was the same person as Robert [II] de Stafford, son of Nicholas de Stafford and his wife Matilda ---. It is not certain that the name "Statford" was the same as "Stafford". Other possible family origins of Matilda are discussed more fully in the document ENGLAND, EARLS created 1207-1466.] m ---. One child:

i) ROBERT de Statford . “Radulfus de Limesey” donated property to Hertford priory, with the consent of “Hadwisiæ uxori suæ”, by undated charter, witnessed by "Raerus filius domini, Robertus de Statford nepos domini…"[402].

ALAN de Limesey, son of RALPH de Limesey & his wife Hawise --- (-after 1129). The 1130 Pipe Roll records "Alan de Limesei…tra patris sui" in Hertfordshire[403]. “Alanus de Limesey” confirmed donations to Hertford priory by “pater meus Radulphus de Limesy…pro animæ uxoris suæ Hadewisæ matris meæ”, for the souls of "filii mei", by undated charter[404].

m ---. The name of Alan´s wife is not known.

Alan & his wife had two children:

1. GERARD de Limesey (-after 1161). The Red Book of the Exchequer refers to "Girard de Limesye ii m" in Warwickshire, Leicestershire in [1161/62][405]. “Gerardus de Limesey” donated property to Hertford priory, for the souls of “uxoris meæ Amiciæ et Johannis filii mei”, by undated charter witnessed by "Halen. de Bidun, Amicia uxore mea, Trianno fratre meo…"[406]. m AMICE de Bidun, daughter of HALENALD de Bidun & his wife --- ([1124/25]-after 1185). “Gerardus de Limesey” donated property to Hertford priory, for the souls of “uxoris meæ Amiciæ et Johannis filii mei”, by undated charter witnessed by "…Trianno fratre meo…"[407]. The Rotuli de Dominabus of 1185 records “Amicia de Limesia…lx annorum…filia Haveladi de Bid[une]”, adding that she has “ii filios milites quorum primogenitus…Johannes de Limesia…[et] plures…filias”[408]. Gerard & his wife had four children:

a) JOHN de Limesey (-1193). “Gerardus de Limesey” donated property to Hertford priory, for the souls of “uxoris meæ Amiciæ et Johannis filii mei”, by undated charter witnessed by "…Trianno fratre meo…"[409]. “Johannes de Limeisi” confirmed donations to Hertford priory by “Radulfus de Limeisi avus patris mei…pater meus Girardus…Alanus de Limesi avus meus”, by undated charter witnessed by "…Alano de Limeisi fratre meo…"[410]. Lord of Cavendish, Suffolk. m as her first husband, ALICE de Harcourt, daughter of ROBERT de Harcourt of Bosworth, Leicestershire & his wife Isabelle de Camville of Stanton, Oxfordshire (-after Sep 1212). She married secondly ([1196]) as his second wife, Waleran Earl of Warwick.

b) ALAN de Limesey . “Johannes de Limeisi” confirmed donations to Hertford priory by “Radulfus de Limeisi avus patris mei…pater meus Girardus…Alanus de Limesi avus meus”, by undated charter witnessed by "…Alano de Limeisi fratre meo…"[411].

c) BASILIA de Limesey . The primary source which confirms her parentage and marriage has not yet been identified. m HUGH de Odingselles, son of --- (-1239).

d) ELEANOR de Limesey . The primary source which confirms her parentage and marriage has not yet been identified. Balfour Paul records her parentage and marriage[412]. m as his second wife, WILLIAM de Lindsay, son of WALTER de Lindsay & his wife --- (-after [1200]).

2. TRIAN de Limesey . “Gerardus de Limesey” donated property to Hertford priory, for the souls of “uxoris meæ Amiciæ et Johannis filii mei”, by undated charter witnessed by "…Trianno fratre meo…"[413].

1. ROBERT de Limesey (-after 1129). The 1130 Pipe Roll records "Robt de Limesia" in Hampshire (twice)[414].

1. GEOFFREY de Limesey . m ---. Geoffrey & his wife had two children:

a) BEATRICE de Limesey . Her parentage and marriage are confirmed by a claim dated 1220, recorded by Bracton, by "Vitalis Engaun et Rogerus Gernet" against "Willelmum de Cantelupo et Maziliam uxorem eius" which recites that "Gaufridus de Limeseia" had "unum filium Walterum…et duas filias Beatriciam et Matillidem", that Beatrice married "Reginaldus"[415]. m REYNOLD FitzUrse, son of RICHARD FitzUrse & his wife Matilda de Boullers (-[1171/75]).

b) MATILDA de Limesey . Her parentage and marriage are confirmed by a claim dated 1220, recorded by Bracton, by "Vitalis Engaun et Rogerus Gernet" against "Willelmum de Cantelupo et Maziliam uxorem eius" which recites that "Gaufridus de Limeseia" had "unum filium Walterum…et duas filias Beatriciam et Matillidem", that "Eliam de Bello Campo" was "filium et heredum ipsius Matillidis"[416]. m --- de Beauchamp, son of ---.

2. AMABILIS de Limesey (-after 27 May 1205). "Amabil q fuit ux Hug Bard" paid a fine to marry where she will without licence of the king "quamdiu sit vidua pro morte Johannis de Braosa quondam viri sui" in Warwickshire, dated 1205[417]. King John confirmed "Amabli de Limisy [q fuit ux H Bard]" freedom to marry whom she will, naming "Johis de Breos quondam viri sui", by charter dated 27 May 1205[418]. "Amable de Limesie…post obitum Johannis de Brawose quondam viri mei" confirmed grants of land to "Benedicto filio Murielis", in accordance with earlier grants made by "Gaufridi de Limesie et Johannis de Limesie antecessorum meorum" to "Alexandro filio Thony" who held the land "tempore Radulfi de Limesie et predictorum Gaufridi et Johannis de Limesie", by charter dated to [1224/Jun 1225][419]. m firstly HUGH Bardolf, son of --- (-[1200]). m secondly JOHN de Briouse, son of --- (-before 1224).

3. NICHOLAS de Limesey (-after 1220). The Testa de Nevill lists knights who held land in the honour of Tickhill, dated to [1208/13]: "Nicholaus de Limessi" held "terram que fuit Willelmi de Lund cum herede Willelmi per ostriceriam"[420]. Henry III King of England issued an order relating to a claim by "Nicholaus de Limese et Margareta uxor eius, Dionisia et Florencia sorores ipsius Margarete" against "priorem de Bergeveni" dated [Aug] 1220[421]. Bracton records a claim, dated 1220, by "Nicholaus de Limesia et Margeria uxore sua et…sororibus uxoris sue" against "Johannem de Balun" who failed to appear[422]. m MARGARET de Murdac, daughter of RICHARD de Murdac & his wife ---. The Testa de Nevill lists knights who held land in the honour of Tickhill, dated to [1208/13]: "Nicholaus de Limessi" held "terram que fuit Willelmi de Lund cum herede Willelmi per ostriceriam"[423]. It is not known from this document whether the heiress of William de Lund was his daughter or a more remote relation. Henry III King of England issued an order relating to a claim by "Nicholaus de Limese et Margareta uxor eius, Dionisia et Florencia sorores ipsius Margarete" against "priorem de Bergeveni" dated [Aug] 1220[424]. Bracton records a claim, dated 1220, by "Nicholaus de Limesia et Margeria uxore sua et…sororibus uxoris sue" against "Johannem de Balun" who failed to appear[425].

Chapter 8. LINCOLN

1. COLSWEIN of Lincoln . m ---. The name of Colswein´s wife is not known. Colswein & his wife had one child:

a) PICOT (-after May 1111). “Picotus filius Colwani Linc. cum uxore et quodam nepote…Ricardi et quadam nepte…Cecilia” donated revenue from "villa…Suttona et Luttona" to Spalding Monastery, in the presence of "ipso Pichoto uxore eius Beatrice…", by charter dated May 1111[426]. A charter of King Henry II records donations to York St Mary, including the donation of land “in Lincoln ecclesiam sancti Petr” by “Picotus”[427]. A charter of King Henry II records donations to York St Mary, including the donation of land “in Lincolnia…et le Hevedland” by “Picotus filius Colsuanni”[428]. m BEATRICE, daughter of --- (-after May 1111). “Picotus filius Colwani Linc. cum uxore et quodam nepote…Ricardi et quadam nepte…Cecilia” donated revenue from "villa…Suttona et Luttona" to Spalding Monastery, in the presence of "ipso Pichoto uxore eius Beatrice…", by charter dated May 1111[429]. Picot & his wife had one child:

i) MURIEL . Her parentage and marriage are confirmed by the charter dated May 1111 which records that “Picotus filius Colwani Linc. cum uxore et quodam nepote…Ricardi et quadam nepte…Cecilia” donated revenue from "villa…Suttona et Luttona" to Spalding Monastery, in the presence of "ipso Pichoto uxore eius Beatrice…"[430]. Henry I King of England confirmed the possessions of Holy Trinity, Lessay, including the donations by "Robertus de Haia Ricardus et Eudonis nepos" [which appears to be garbled] with the advice of "Muriele uxoris sue et filiorum suorum Ricardi…Radulfi", by charter dated 1126[431]. Henry II King of England confirmed the possessions of the abbey of Lessai, including donations by "Turstini Haldup et Eudonis filii eius" confirmed by "Roberti de Haia et Murielis uxoris sue et Richardi et Radulfi filiorum eorum", by charter dated [1185/Jan 1188][432]. m [as his second wife,] ROBERT de la Haye, son of RANULF & his wife --- ([1075/80]-[1150]).

1. --- [de Lincoln] . According to a charter of Henri Duke of Normandy (later Henry II King of England) issued in favour of her son Ranulf Earl of Chester dated 1153, Ctss Lucy (wife firstly of Ivo Taillebois) was the niece of Robert Malet of Eye and of Alan of Lincoln, as well as kinswoman of Thorold "the Sheriff"[433]. m ---, relative of Lucy (wife firstly of Ivo Taillebois). [One child]:

a) [ALAN de Lincoln (-[1129/30]). "…Alan de Lincola…Turald Papelleon…" witnessed the charter dated to [1094] under which William II King of England notified an agreement between William Bishop of Durham and Robert Earl of Northumberland[434]. The Testa de Nevill includes a writ of King John dated 1212 which records that "Alanus de Lincolnia" previously held property "in Catebi et in Kaillestorp…et in Wicham…in Kaillesterna…" in Lincolnshire and that "Ranulfus de Baiocis heres Alani de Lincolnia" granted part of it to "Rogero Punchardon" whose heirs still held it[435].] m ---. Alan & his wife had two children:

i) MARGARET de Lincoln . Her parentage and marriage are confirmed by the undated charter under which her son “Hugo de Bajocis, filius Randolphi de Bajocis” confirmed the donations to Newhouse abbey, Lincolnshire by "Randulphi patris mei et matris meæ Margaretæ", for the soul of "Alani de Lincolnia avi mei"[436]. The 1130 Pipe Roll records "Rann Baioc" declaring returns for "filia Alani Linc" in Lincolnshire[437]. “Petrus de Golsa” founded Newhouse abbey, Lincolnshire, with the consent of "dominis meis Randulfo de Bajocis et uxore eius Margareta et filiis eorum Hugone et Alano", by charter dated to [1143/46], witnessed by "Acardo de Lincolnia…"[438]. The Testa de Nevill includes a writ of King John dated 1212 which records that "Alanus de Lincolnia" previously held property "in Catebi et in Kaillestorp…et in Wicham…in Kaillesterna…" in Lincolnshire and that "Ranulfus de Baiocis heres Alani de Lincolnia" granted part of it to "Rogero Punchardon" whose heirs still held it[439]. m (before 1129) RANULF de Bayeux, son of --- (-1154).

ii) daughter . The 1130 Pipe Roll records "Alan de Linc" returning for the dowry he gave to "Unfr de Albin cum filia sua" in Lincolnshire[440]. m HUMPHREY de Albini, son of ---.

1. ALURED de Lincoln of Wareham, Dorset (-after 1129). "…Alured of Lincoln…" witnessed the charter dated to [1086] which notified a plea held by William I King of England concerning "William de Braiose" and Fécamp abbey[441]. "…Alveradus de Lincoln…" witnessed the charter dated 27 Jan 1091 under which William II King of England confirmed the status of Bath abbey[442]. "…Aluuredi [de] Lincoln…" witnessed the charter dated to [1103/06] [marked "A forgery" in the compilation] under which Henry I King of England confirmed the status of Durham abbey[443]. The 1130 Pipe Roll records "Alur Linc" in Dorsetshire[444]. Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record that "Alvredus senior de Lincolnia" used to hold five knights` fees from the abbot of Glastonbury in Somerset "tempore Regis Henrici" (presumably indicating King Henry I) and that "Alvredus" now held the same[445]. m ---. The name of Alured´s wife is not known. Alured & his wife had three children:

a) ROBERT FitzAlured (-after 1138). "…Rotberti de Belmont, Rodulfi de Bec, Willelmi filii Girardi, Rogerii fratris Rodulfi, Gisleberti Crispini, Rotberti filii Alvuardi, Rotberti Marmion, Rodulfi Taisson, Rotberti Herneis, Ricardi de Baiocas…" witnessed the donation of "decimam Ansfredi Villæ" to Sainte-Trinité de Rouen by "Gernagois et Albereda uxor eius, cum filiis suis Willelmo et Rotberto" by charter dated 1091[446]. "Robert de Lincolnia…my wife Benza and my son Alvred" donated "my land…Holne" to Montacute priory by undated charter[447]. m BENZA, daughter of ---. Domesday Descendants cites the Life of Wulfric of Haselbury which names "Benza" as the wife of Robert FitzAlured[448]. "Robert de Lincolnia…my wife Benza and my son Alvred" donated "my land…Holne" to Montacute priory by undated charter[449]. Robert & his wife had [five] children:

i) ALURED de Lincoln (-1198). "Robert de Lincolnia…my wife Benza and my son Alvred" donated "my land…Holne" to Montacute priory by undated charter[450].

- see below.

ii) [ROBERT FitzAlured (-after 1167). The Red Book of the Exchequer refers to "Robertus filius Alvredi Camerarii, dimidiam marcam" in Northamptonshire in [1167/68][451]. The 1176/77 Pipe Roll names "Roberto filio Aluredi" in Oxfordshire[452].]

iii) ANDREW . "Alvred de Lincoln" confirmed the donation of "the church and place of Holne" to Montacute priory made by "my father and Lady Benza my mother", for the soul of "my wife Albreda…my father Robert de Lincoln", by undated charter, witnessed by "Andrew my brother, Samson de Lincoln, Robert de Bosco, Robert de Antiochia, Peter my brother…"[453].

iv) PETER . "Alvred de Lincoln" confirmed the donation of "the church and place of Holne" to Montacute priory made by "my father and Lady Benza my mother", for the soul of "my wife Albreda…my father Robert de Lincoln", by undated charter, witnessed by "Andrew my brother, Samson de Lincoln, Robert de Bosco, Robert de Antiochia, Peter my brother…"[454].

v) ALBREDA . “Aluredus de Lincolnia…cum Albreda sorore mea facienda moniali” donated property to Clerkenwell St Mary´s by undated charter[455].

b) RALPH FitzAlured (-after 1129). The 1130 Pipe Roll records "Rad fil Alur" in Wiltshire[456].

c) SAMSON de Lincoln (-after 1166). Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record that "Samson de Lincolnia" held one knight´s fee, and "ex novo feffamento…dimidium", from "Alvredi de Lincolnia" in Dorset[457].

ALURED de Lincoln, son of ROBERT FitzAlured & his wife Benza --- (-1198). "Robert de Lincolnia…my wife Benza and my son Alvred" donated "my land…Holne" to Montacute priory by undated charter[458]. "Alvred de Lincoln" confirmed the donation of "the church and place of Holne" to Montacute priory made by "my father and Lady Benza my mother", for the soul of "my wife Albreda…my father Robert de Lincoln", by undated charter, witnessed by "Andrew my brother, Samson de Lincoln, Robert de Bosco, Robert de Antiochia, Peter my brother…"[459]. Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record that "Alvredus senior de Lincolnia" used to hold five knights` fees from the abbot of Glastonbury in Somerset "tempore Regis Henrici" (presumably indicating King Henry I) and that "Alvredus" now held the same[460]. The document does not state that "Alvredus" was the son of "Alvredus senior", although entries in the same record in which a father/son relationship is proved by other sources suggest that this is probably correct. Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record that "Alvredus de Lincolnia" held one knight´s fee in Dorset from the abbot of Cerne unjustly claimed by "Jordanus", and also list the other knights` fees he held in Dorset[461]. The Red Book of the Exchequer refers to "Alvredo de Lincolnia v m" in Somerset in [1161/62] and in [1167/68][462]. “Aluredus de Lincolnia…cum Albreda sorore mea facienda moniali” donated property to Clerkenwell St Mary´s by undated charter[463]. "Edgar surnamed Aquilinus" donated rent to Montacute priory made, in the presence of "Sir Alvred de Lincoln the patron of Holne and of the lady Albereda his wife", by undated charter, witnessed by "Sir Alvred de Lincoln, the lady Albreda his wife, and his son Sir Alvred the younger…"[464]. The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1196/97], records "Alvredus de Lincolnia" among those granted delay in payment "per brevia" in Dorset, Somerset[465].

m AUBREYE, daughter of ---. "Alvred de Lincoln" confirmed the donation of "the church and place of Holne" to Montacute priory made by "my father and Lady Benza my mother", for the soul of "my wife Albreda…my father Robert de Lincoln", by undated charter[466]. "Edgar surnamed Aquilinus" donated rent to Montacute priory made, in the presence of "Sir Alvred de Lincoln the patron of Holne and of the lady Albereda his wife", by undated charter, witnessed by "Sir Alvred de Lincoln, the lady Albreda his wife, and his son Sir Alvred the younger…"[467]. A writ dated 8 Jun "48 Hen III", after the death of "Alfred de Lincoln", records that "Norton manor [Somerset] was given in free marriage with Aubrey, grandmother of the said Alfred"[468].

Alured & his wife had two children:

1. ALURED de Lincoln (-1240). "Edgar surnamed Aquilinus" donated rent to Montacute priory made, in the presence of "Sir Alvred de Lincoln the patron of Holne and of the lady Albereda his wife", by undated charter, witnessed by "Sir Alvred de Lincoln, the lady Albreda his wife, and his son Sir Alvred the younger…"[469]. The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Alvredus de Lincolnia" holding 34 and a half knights´ fees in Dorset, Somerset in [1210/12][470]. m MATILDA, daughter of ---. A writ dated 8 Jun "48 Hen III", after the death of "Alfred de Lincoln", records that "Celes [Zeals] manor [Wiltshire] was given in free marriage with Maud, mother of the said Alfred"[471]. Alured & his wife had four children:

a) ALURED de Lincoln (-before 8 Jun 1264). A writ dated 8 Jun "48 Hen III", after the death of "Alfred de Lincoln", names "Robert son of Payn, son of Margery his eldest sister, Beatrice de Gouiz his second sister, and Albreda de Lincoln his youngest sister, all of full age, are his heirs"[472]. m JOAN de Nichol, daughter of ---. A writ dated 8 Jun "48 Hen III", after the death of "Alfred de Lincoln", records that "the wife of the said Alfred […Joan…Lady Joan de Nichole] shall have the manors of --- and Duntisse…Stafford [Dorset]"[473].

b) MARJORY de Lincoln (-before 1264). A writ dated 8 Jun "48 Hen III", after the death of "Alfred de Lincoln", names "Robert son of Payn, son of Margery his eldest sister, Beatrice de Gouiz his second sister, and Albreda de Lincoln his youngest sister, all of full age, are his heirs"[474]. m PAYN, son of ---.

c) BEATRICE de Lincoln . A writ dated 8 Jun "48 Hen III", after the death of "Alfred de Lincoln", names "Robert son of Payn, son of Margery his eldest sister, Beatrice de Gouiz his second sister, and Albreda de Lincoln his youngest sister, all of full age, are his heirs"[475]. m WILLIAM de Govis, son of ---.

d) AUBREYE de Lincoln . A writ dated 8 Jun "48 Hen III", after the death of "Alfred de Lincoln", names "Robert son of Payn, son of Margery his eldest sister, Beatrice de Gouiz his second sister, and Albreda de Lincoln his youngest sister, all of full age, are his heirs"[476].

2. GEOFFREY .

Chapter 9. LUCY

1. --- de Lucy . m AVELINE, daughter of ---. A charter of King Henry IV records donations by “Ricardi de Lucy…Avelinam matrem præfati Ricardi de Lucy” of their property “Newenthon…Rypen et in insula de Scapeye et in insula de Gryen”[477]. Children:

a) RICHARD de Lucy (-[1179/80]). A charter of King Henry IV records donations by “Ricardi de Lucy…Avelinam matrem præfati Ricardi de Lucy” of their property “Newenthon…Rypen et in insula de Scapeye et in insula de Gryen”[478]. "Ricardo de Lucy et Gaufrido Martel et Osberto Martel" witnessed the charter dated to [1149/54] under which King Stephen confirmed liberties of Abbotsbury abbey[479]. Justiciar of England. The 1155 Pipe Roll record "Ric de Luci" in London, Norfolk, Suffolk and many other places[480]. m ---. The name of Richard´s wife is not known. Richard & his wife had five children:

i) GEOFFREY de Lucy (-before [1179/80]). His parentage is confirmed by a claim, dated 1230, recorded by Bracton, by "Matillis de Lucy, Ricardus filius Reginaldi et Roysa uxor eius" against "Robertum Yellestede" concerning "terre…in Neutona", recording that "Ricardus de Lucy antecessor ipsarum Matillidis et Royse" was seised of the property, and after him "Galfrido…filio et heredi suo…et de predicto Galfrido…Herberto…filio et heredi suo et de predicto Herberto Matillidi et Royse sororibus" and "de predicta Roysa…Foberto filio suo et de predicto Foberto isti Royse…filie et heredi suo"[481]. The 1155 Pipe Roll record "Gaufr de Luceio" in Essex[482]. The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Galfridus de Lucy" holding "i militis" in Devonshire[483]. m ---. The name of Geoffrey´s wife is not known. Geoffrey & his wife had six children:

(a) MATILDA de Lucy (-after 1230). Bracton notes a claim, dated 1227, by "Ricardus filius Reg et Roysia uxor eius" against "Robertum filium Walteri" for land "in Lesnes" of which "Roysia de Douera avia ipsius Roysie" was seised, noting that "predicta Roeisie de Douera filia…Galfridi de Lucy" had "tres sorores…Matillidem…primogenita et maritata Willelmo de Bello Campo…aliam Mabiliam…que obiit sine herede et Auelinam…maritata…Radulfo Patric"[484]. Her parentage is confirmed by a claim, dated 1230, recorded by Bracton, by "Matillis de Lucy, Ricardus filius Reginaldi et Roysa uxor eius" against "Robertum Yellestede" concerning "terre…in Neutona", recording that "Ricardus de Lucy antecessor ipsarum Matillidis et Royse" was seised of the property, and after him "Galfrido…filio et heredi suo…et de predicto Galfrido…Herberto…filio et heredi suo et de predicto Herberto Matillidi et Royse sororibus" and "de predicta Roysa…Foberto filio suo et de predicto Foberto isti Royse…filie et heredi suo"[485]. m WILLIAM de Beauchamp, son of ---.

(b) ROHESE de Lucy (-after 1194). Her parentage is confirmed by a claim, dated 1230, recorded by Bracton, by "Matillis de Lucy, Ricardus filius Reginaldi et Roysa uxor eius" against "Robertum Yellestede" concerning "terre…in Neutona", recording that "Ricardus de Lucy antecessor ipsarum Matillidis et Royse" was seised of the property, and after him "Galfrido…filio et heredi suo…et de predicto Galfrido…Herberto…filio et heredi suo et de predicto Herberto Matillidi et Royse sororibus" and "de predicta Roysa…Foberto filio suo et de predicto Foberto isti Royse…filie et heredi suo"[486]. The 1194/95 Pipe Roll records "Rohesia de Doure" in Kent "pro habenda medietate terrarum que fuerunt Ricardi de Luci avi sui et quas postea Ricardus frater ipsius Rohesie habuit tam in Anglia quam in Normannia" and "pro licenctia maritandi se ubi voluerit"[487]. "Willelmus Briwer" paid a fine for "custodia terre et heredum Fobti de Dovr…et…custodia dotis Roes de Dovr", dated 1204[488]. "Nicol fil Alan et Roes de Dovr ux eius" paid a fine for "dote ipsius Roes" in Essex and Kent, dated 1205[489]. Bracton records an inquiry, dated 1223, into "terre…Newetona" disputed between "Henricum de Cobbeham" and "Wilhelmus Briwere", which found that "Roheysia de Douere filia Gaufridi de Lucy primogeniti filii Ricardi de Lucy" held the land which, after confiscation, was restored to "predicta Roeysia" who with "Nicholas vir suus" gave it to "Willelmo Briwere"[490]. m firstly JOHN de Dover, son of WILLIAM de Dover & his wife --- (-1194). m secondly (1205) NICHOLAS FitzAlan, son of ALAN & his wife ---.

(c) MABILIA de Lucy . Bracton notes a claim, dated 1227, by "Ricardus filius Reg et Roysia uxor eius" against "Robertum filium Walteri" for land "in Lesnes" of which "Roysia de Douera avia ipsius Roysie" was seised, noting that "predicta Roeisie de Douera filia…Galfridi de Lucy" had "tres sorores…Matillidem…primogenita et maritata Willelmo de Bello Campo…aliam Mabiliam…que obiit sine herede et Auelinam…maritata…Radulfo Patric"[491].

(d) AVELINE de Lucy . Bracton notes a claim, dated 1227, by "Ricardus filius Reg et Roysia uxor eius" against "Robertum filium Walteri" for land "in Lesnes" of which "Roysia de Douera avia ipsius Roysie" was seised, noting that "predicta Roeisie de Douera filia…Galfridi de Lucy" had "tres sorores…Matillidem…primogenita et maritata Willelmo de Bello Campo…aliam Mabiliam…que obiit sine herede et Auelinam…maritata…Radulfo Patric"[492]. m RALPH Patrick, son of ---.

(e) RICHARD de Lucy (-[1183]). Bracton records a claim, dated 1225, by "Ricardus filius Reginaldi et Roysia uxor eius" against "Robertum filium Walteri" for part of "terre…in Lewes" inherited from "Roysia de Douera auia sua", reciting that "Ricardo de Lucy…Gaufrido filio suo" had "duos filios Ricardum et Herbertum et unam filiam Roesiam predictam aviam suam", both sons dying without direct heirs[493].

(f) HERBERT de Lucy ([1170/71]-1190). The Rotuli de Dominabus of 1185 records that “Herbertus de Luci…xiv annorum” was in the custody of “Godefridi de Luci”, referring to land “quod comes Glovecestrie dedit Ricardo de Lucy”[494]. Bracton records a claim, dated 1225, by "Ricardus filius Reginaldi et Roysia uxor eius" against "Robertum filium Walteri" for part of "terre…in Lewes" inherited from "Roysia de Douera auia sua", reciting that "Ricardo de Lucy…Gaufrido filio suo" had "duos filios Ricardum et Herbertum et unam filiam Roesiam predictam aviam suam", both sons dying without direct heirs[495]. His parentage is confirmed by a claim, dated 1230, recorded by Bracton, by "Matillis de Lucy, Ricardus filius Reginaldi et Roysa uxor eius" against "Robertum Yellestede" concerning "terre…in Neutona", recording that "Ricardus de Lucy antecessor ipsarum Matillidis et Royse" was seised of the property, and after him "Galfrido…filio et heredi suo…et de predicto Galfrido…Herberto…filio et heredi suo et de predicto Herberto Matillidi et Royse sororibus" and "de predicta Roysa…Foberto filio suo et de predicto Foberto isi Royse…filie et heredi suo"[496].

ii) GODFREY de Lucy . Bishop of Winchester. The Rotuli de Dominabus of 1185 records that “Herbertus de Luci…xiv annorum” was in the custody of “Godefridi de Luci”, referring to land “quod comes Glovecestrie dedit Ricardo de Lucy”[497].

iii) MATILDA de Lucy . The Testa de Nevill includes a writ of King John dated 1212 which records that "Ricardo de Luce" granted "Disce" in Norfolk to "Waltero filio Roberti…in maritagio cum filia sua", adding that it was currently held by "Robertus filius Walteri"[498]. “Walterus filius Roberti” donated property to Daventre Priory, for the souls of “…uxoris meæ Matildis de Lucy et filiorum et filiarum mearum”, by undated charter[499]. Bracton records a claim, dated 1225, by "Ricardus filius Reginaldi et Roysia uxor eius" against "Robertum filium Walteri" for part of "terre…in Lewes" inherited from "Roysia de Douera auia sua", the defendant stating that "Matillis mater sua et Aleisia mater Ricardi de Umframuilla et Auelina auia Ricardi de Muntfichet fuerunt sorores" all of whom inherited part of the land in question[500]. m as his first wife, WALTER FitzRobert of Dunmow, son of ROBERT FitzRichard de Clare & his wife Maud de Senlis (-1198, bur Dunmow Priory).

iv) ALICE de Lucy . Bracton records a claim, dated 1225, by "Ricardus filius Reginaldi et Roysia uxor eius" against "Robertum filium Walteri" for part of "terre…in Lewes" inherited from "Roysia de Douera auia sua", the defendant stating that "Matillis mater sua et Aleisia mater Ricardi de Umframuilla et Auelina auia Ricardi de Muntfichet fuerunt sorores" all of whom inherited part of the land in question[501]. m ODINEL [II] de Umfraville, son of --- (-1182).

v) AVELINE de Lucy . Bracton records a claim, dated 1225, by "Ricardus filius Reginaldi et Roysia uxor eius" against "Robertum filium Walteri" for part of "terre…in Lewes" inherited from "Roysia de Douera auia sua", the defendant stating that "Matillis mater sua et Aleisia mater Ricardi de Umframuilla et Auelina auia Ricardi de Muntfichet fuerunt sorores" all of whom inherited part of the land in question[502]. A charter of King Henry III, dated 16 Aug 1257, records donations to Ankerwyke Nunnery, including the donations of "partum…Wymede" by "Gilberti de Munfichet et Avelinæ uxoris eius"[503]. m GILBERT de Montfichet, son of WILLIAM de Montfichet & his wife Margaret de Clare (-[1186/87]).

b) WALTER de Lucy . Abbot of Battle.

c) ROBERT de Lucy (-before 1205). m MARGARET, daughter of ---. "Marger de Lucy" paid a fine for "dote sua…de terra q fuit Rob de Lucy quondam viri sui" in Dorset, dated 1205[504]. "Margareta de Lucy" paid a fine for "hereditate sua de Kerchel et de Hammes q Rob de Lucy quondam vir eius" pawned to the Jews during his lifetime, in Dorset, dated 1208[505]. Robert & his wife has two children:

i) --- de Lucy . The Rotuli de Dominabus of 1185 records “Willelmus filius Galfridi de Tresgoz”, 17 years old, under the guardianship of "Roberti de Luci" whose daughter he had married, with land "de honore Peverelli…terra…de Toleshunt"[506]. m (1185 or before) WILLIAM [III] de Tresgoz, son of GEOFFREY de Tresgoz & his wife --- de Gresley ([1167/68]-after 1190).

ii) LETITIA de Lucy . "Henry de Pinkeni and Leticia his wife" and "Serlo de Marci and Emma his wife" granted land "in Cristehale" to "William Barun", dated [1198/99][507]. It is likely that the wives of Henry de Pinkeney and Serlo de Marcy were related, maybe holding a joint interest in the land in question. If this is correct, the precise family relationship has not yet been traced. The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Milo de Sumery, Rogerus de Neville, Letitia de Pinkeyni, Serlo de Marcy" holding one knight´s fee each "in Elmedene" in Essex, Hertfordshire in [1210/12][508]. m HENRY de Pinkeney, son of GILBERT de Pinkeney & his wife Eustachia --- (-1209).

1. REYNOLD de Lucy (-[Jan 1199/1200]). The chronology suggests that Reynold was another brother of Richard de Lucy, but the primary source which confirms that this is correct has not been identified. Keeper of Nottingham castle when it was burnt by Earl Ferrers in the rebellion of 1174[509]. m (before 1162) AMABEL, daughter of WILLIAM FitzDuncan [of Scotland] & his second wife Alice Le Meschin (-before 1201). The Cronicon Cumbriæ names “prima…Cecilia…secunda Amabilla…tertia Alicia” as the three daughters of “Willielmus”, son of “Doncani comes de Murrayse”, and his wife Alice, adding that Amabel received the honor of Egremont and married “Reginaldo de Lucy”, by whom he fathered “Amabillam et Aliciam, et successit Amabillæ Lambertus de Multon”, the latter being succeeded by “Thomas de Multon de Egremond”[510]. Co-heiress of her brother. Lady of Egremont and Copeland. The Testa de Nevill includes a writ of King John dated 1212 which records that "Robertus de Stutevill" held "villam de Thorpennoi de domino rege" in Cumberland which was "de baronia Alicie de Rumill" and that "Reginaldus de Lucy" had held the land "cum sorore predicte Alicie" and refused homage to "Philippi de Valoines, antecessoris predicti Roberti et uxoris sue"[511]. Reynold & his wife had three children:

a) RICHARD de Lucy (-early 1213, bur St Bees priory). "Ric de Luci fil Reginaldi de Luci" paid a fine for "terra sua de Copland et in Cautebige" relating to a claim against "B. com Albemarl et uxore sua et versus Rob de Curtenay et Alic uxorem suam", dated 1200[512]. "Ricardus de Lucy" donated land "in villa de Louswater", and confirmed the donation of "prato et capellam eiusdem ville" donated by "Rann[ulfi] de Lyndesey et Hetrede sponse sue", to St Bees, for the salvation of "Ade uxoris mee", by undated charter[513]. The Testa de Nevill includes a writ of King John dated 1212 which records "Ricardus de Lucy" holding "Coupland" in Cumberland, adding that King Henry I had first granted it to "Willelmo Messchin antecessori predicti Ricardi"[514]. m as her first husband, ADA de Morville, daughter of HUGH de Morville & his wife ---(-after 20 Feb 1227). The Testa de Nevill includes a writ of King John dated 1212 which records that "Ricardus de Lucy et Ricardus Gernon" held land in Cumberland which was held by "Hugonis de Morvill cum duabus filiis predicti Hugonis"[515]. "Ada q fuit uxor Ricardi de Lucy de Egremunt" paid a fine for "hereditate sua [et] dote sua…q fuerunt predicti Ricardi quondam viri sui" in Cumberland, dated 1213[516]. She married secondly (before 13 Aug 1218) as his second wife, Thomas de Multon of Multon, near Spalding, Lincolnshire. Henry III King of England noted that "Thomas de Muleton" married "Adam de Morevill, que fuit uxor Ricardi de Luci" without royal licence, and ordered the seizure of "omnibus terris ipsius Ade in Cumberlande et Westmerilande et de omnibus terris ipsius Thome in Coplande, cum castro suo de Egremunde", dated 13 Aug 1218[517]. A royal licence granted the right to construct fisheries to "Thomas de Muleton and Ada his wife" dated 20 Feb 1227[518]. Richard & his wife had two children:

i) AMABEL de Lucy . The Cronicon Cumbriæ names “Amabillam et Aliciam, et successit Amabillæ Lambertus de Multon” as the children of “Reginaldo de Lucy” and his wife, adding that Lambert was succeeded by “Thomas de Multon de Egremond”[519]. "Lambertus de Moleton" donated rights in land "in Couplandia" to St Bees, for the soul of "Amabilie uxoris mee", by undated charter[520]. m LAMBERT de Multon, son of THOMAS de Multon & his first wife --- (-1246).

ii) ALICE de Lucy (-before 24 Mar 1288). The Cronicon Cumbriæ names “Amabillam et Aliciam, et successit Amabillæ Lambertus de Multon” as the children of “Reginaldo de Lucy” and his wife, adding that Lambert was succeeded by “Thomas de Multon de Egremond”[521]. m (1219 or before) ALAN de Multon, son of THOMAS de Multon & his first wife --- (-after 1250). Their children adopted the name Lucy. "Thomam de Lucy filium quondam Alani de Multon" and St Bees settled their dispute over "Lowswater" dated 10 May 1286[522].

b) --- de Lucy . Her marriage and family origin are confirmed by the Testa de Nevill which includes a writ of King John dated 1212 which records that "Richard de Lucy" gave "Wolenested…medietatem…hundredum de Tenhrigg" in Surrey to "Odoni de Dammartin cum sorore sua in maritagium"[523]. m EUDES de Dammartin, son of [EUDES de Dammartin & his wife ---] (-after 1212).

1. GEOFFREY de Lucy . m (1204) as her second husband, ---, widow of SIMON de Tilleul, daughter of ---. "Gaufr de Lucy" paid a fine for "maritage uxoris q fuit Sim de Tilloll" in Cumberland, dated 1204[524].

2. PHILIP de Lucy (-after 1205). "Philippus de Lucy" paid a fine for "custodia Ric de Warewic cum terram suam" in Yorkshire, dated 1205[525].

3. ROGER de Lucy (-after 1217). The Testa de Nevill includes a list of landholdings in the honour of Boulogne, dated to [1217/18], which includes "Rogerus de Lucy" holding "xv l in Iclinton"[526].

4. REYNOLD de Lucy (-after 1217). The Testa de Nevill includes a list of landholdings in the honour of Boulogne, dated to [1217/18], which includes "Reginaldus de Lucy" holding "Wolcnestede…Langeho"[527].

5. LETITIA (-after 1217). The Testa de Nevill includes a list of landholdings in the honour of Boulogne, dated to [1217/18], which includes "Leticia de Lucy, Milo de Sumery, Rogerus de Neovill, Ema de Marcy" holding "iv milites…in Heaumedon, Dubenhog, La Lee, Crawell"[528].

Four sisters:

1. EMMA de Lucy (-before [Feb] 1222). "Robert de Picquigny, Milo de Somery and Beatrice de Lucy" made a fine for "their relief of the land formerly of Emma de Lucy, sister of Beatrice and aunt of Robert and Miles, whose heirs they are, in Elmdon…honour de Boulogne", dated [Feb] 1222[529].

2. BEATRICE de Lucy (-after [Feb] 1222). "Robert de Picquigny, Milo de Somery and Beatrice de Lucy" made a fine for "their relief of the land formerly of Emma de Lucy, sister of Beatrice and aunt of Robert and Miles, whose heirs they are, in Elmdon…honour de Boulogne", dated [Feb] 1222[530].

3. --- de Lucy (-before 1222). Her family origin and marriage are confirmed by an order dated [Feb] 1222 under which "Robert de Picquigny, Milo de Somery and Beatrice de Lucy" made a fine for "their relief of the land formerly of Emma de Lucy, sister of Beatrice and aunt of Robert and Miles, whose heirs they are, in Elmdon…honour de Boulogne"[531]. m --- de Picquigny, son of ---.

4. --- de Lucy (-before 1222). Her family origin and marriage are confirmed by an order dated [Feb] 1222 under which "Robert de Picquigny, Milo de Somery and Beatrice de Lucy" made a fine for "their relief of the land formerly of Emma de Lucy, sister of Beatrice and aunt of Robert and Miles, whose heirs they are, in Elmdon…honour de Boulogne"[532]. m --- de Somery, son of ---.

Chapter 10. MALET

Keats-Rohan records that the Malet family was established at Graville-Sainte-Honorine, now a suburb of Le Havre in the present-day French département of Seine-Inférieure, in the Pays de Caux in Normandy by the beginning of the 11th century and also held land near Caen[533]. Their importance in the area is gauged by their construction of a castle there in the early decades of the 11th century, one of only a small group built in the Pays de Caux before 1066[534]. The family holdings which are recorded in Domesday Book show that the participation of Guillaume Malet in the invasion of England was rewarded with extensive land in the north of Suffolk, which eventually formed the honour of Eye which passed to his son Robert [I].

A. ORIGINS

1. --- . m [ESILIA, daughter of GILBERT Crispin & his wife Gunnora ---. The De nobili genere Crispinorum names "Emmam, Petri de Condeto genetricem, atque Esiliam, matrem Willelmi Malet" as the two daughters of "Gislebertus…Crispini cognomen" and his wife[535]. However, the wife of her supposed son Guillaume Malet is recorded in a later primary source with the same name so it is possible that the De nobili genere confuses Guillaume´s mother with his wife.] The Carmen de Hastingæ Prœlio by Guy d´Amiens records that "quidam partim Normannus et Anglus compatit/competit Heraldi" was charged with the temporary burial of the body of King Harold II after the battle of Hastings[536]. As noted below, Orderic Vitalis names Guillaume Malet as this person. If the Carmen can be believed, the mother of Guillaume [I] Malet was therefore English. From this information, Keats-Rohan conjectures that the father of Guillaume Malet may have been one of the men who accompanied Emma of Normandy to England in 1002 for her marriage to King Æthelred II, noting that it has been suggested that such men may have continued to hold land in England until 1066[537]. Brown suggests that the English origin of Guillaume´s mother is corroborated by the Domesday Book reference implying that Guillaume held Alkborough in Lincolnshire before the conquest (see below), by Guillaume´s son Robert [I] being described as "avunculus" of Lucy, mother of Ranulf Earl of Chester, who had English antecedents (also see below), and by Lucy´s first husband Ivo de Taillebois holding Alkborough in 1086[538]. One child:

a) GUILLAUME [I] Malet (-[Bec Abbey] before 1086). Domesday Book records that "William Malet had 5 carucates of land to the geld" in Alkborough, Lincolnshire, and that "Ivo" (identified as Ivo Taillebois, first husband of Lucy, relative of the Malet family see below) was the current holder[539]. Brown indicates that the reference to assessment "to the geld" suggests that Guillaume may have been the holder of the land before the conquest[540]. A history of the Crispin family names "Esiliam matrem Willelmi Malet" as daughter of Gilbert Crespin, adding that Guillaume ended his life at Bec abbey[541]. The Chronique de Normandie, based on le Roman de Rou, names "Guillaume de Malet" among those who took part in the conquest of England in 1066[542]. Orderic Vitalis names "Guillelmo agnomine Maleto" was charged with the temporary burial of the body of King Harold II on the shore after the battle of Hastings[543]. “…Willielmus Maleit…” witnessed the charter dated to [1067] under which William I King of England confirmed the privileges of Peterborough abbey[544]. Sheriff of York: Simeon of Durham records that "Willelmo Malet qui tunc vicecomitatum gerebat cum sua coniuge et duobus liberis" were made prisoner by the Danes after the capture of the city of York by King William´s forces, dated to 1069[545]. The cartulary of Préaux Saint-Pierre includes a document which records that "William Maleth" approved a donation to the monastery by "a certain knight Ralf" and donated property at Butot-en-Caux "that he might be made a monk, which was done", and that "when William was dead, Robert his son" confirmed his father´s gift[546]. Freeman suggests that William Malet died on campaign in Ely, dated to [1070/71], on the basis of two passages in Domesday Book which record land held "in die quo pater R. Malet ivit in servitium Regis…ubi mortuus est" and "pater suus…tenuit quando ivit in maresc [marshland]" (in Happisburgh, Norfolk)[547]. Round suggests that the interpretation of the passage in question is too precise and in any case that the word "maresc" may in any case represent a mistranscription for "Eurvic", indicating York, which, if correct, would negate the theory entirely[548]. It appears that the most that can definitively be concluded from these passages is the Guillaume Malet died while on the king´s service, some time before 1086. This conclusion appears to be contradicted by the history of the Crispin family which states that Guillaume ended his life at Bec abbey[549]. m ESILIA, daughter of --- (-after 1086). “Robertus Malet” founded Eye priory, for the souls of “patris mei Willelmi Malet et matris meæ Hesiliæ” who became a nun there, by undated charter dated to the reign of William I King of England[550]. [same person as…? ESILIA, daughter of GILBERT Crispin & his wife Gunnora ---. The De nobili genere Crispinorum names "Emmam, Petri de Condeto genetricem, atque Esiliam, matrem Willelmi Malet" as the two daughters of "Gislebertus…Crispini cognomen" and his wife[551]. However, the wife of her supposed son Guillaume Malet is recorded in a later primary source with the same name so it is possible that the De nobili genere confuses Guillaume´s mother with his wife.] Simeon of Durham records that "Willelmo Malet qui tunc vicecomitatum gerebat cum sua coniuge et duobus liberis" were made prisoner by the Danes after the capture of the city of York by King William´s forces, dated to 1069[552]. Guillaume [I] & his wife had [five] children:

i) ROBERT [I] Malet of Eye (-after 13 Feb 1105). The Testa de Nevill includes a writ of King John dated 1212 which records that King William I granted "honorem de Eya" to "Roberto Malet" but that King Henry I acquired the honour and held it for seven years before granting it to "comiti Stephano nepoti suo"[553]. “Robertus Malet” founded Eye priory, for the souls of “patris mei Willelmi Malet et matris meæ Hesiliæ” who became a nun there, by undated charter dated to the reign of William I King of England[554]. “…Roberti Malet…” witnessed the charter dated 1082 under which William I King of England granted land at Covenham to the church of St Calais[555]. “Beatrix soror Roberti Malet” donated property to Eye priory, for the souls of “fratrum meorum Roberti Maleth et Gilberti Malet”, by undated charter[556]. "…Robertus Maleth…Willielmus Malet…" subscribed a charter dated Sep 1101 under which Bishop Herbert donated property to Norwich priory[557]. "…Robert Malet camerarius…" witnessed the charter dated 13 Feb 1105 under which Henry I King of England confirmed donations to Cluny and Thetford made by Roger Bigod[558]. According to a charter of Henri Duke of Normandy (later Henry II King of England) issued in favour of her son Ranulf Earl of Chester dated 1153, Ctss Lucy was the niece of Robert Malet of Eye and of Alan of Lincoln, as well as kinswoman of Thorold "the Sheriff"[559]. Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record that "Robertus Malet" used to hold ten knights´ fees from the abbot of Glastonbury in Somerset "tempore Regis Henrici" (presumably indicating King Henry I) and that "Hubertus de Sancta Susanna" now held two of these and "Willelmus Malech" now held twelve[560]. "Hubertus de Sancta Susanna" has not been identified with certainty but the likelihood is that he was the son of Hubert de Beaumont, son of Hubert Vicomte de Maine and Ermengarde de Nevers, who is recorded as holding lands in England during the reign of King Henry I (see the document MAINE). The fact that Hubert held two of the knights´ fees previously held by Robert Malet may indicate a family relationship, possibly that Hubert was the husband or son (the latter being more likely from a chronological point of view) of Robert´s daughter. Henry II King of England confirmed the possessions of the abbey of Bec, including donations by "Roberti Malet", by charter dated to [1181/89][561]. m MATILDA, daughter of ---. Brown records that Robert´s wife Matilda is named in a charter under which Robert granted lands in Bulmer and Little Belstead to Hugh of Goldingham, although pointing out the document is a later copy in France and appears spurious in its surviving form although the substance of the charter appears genuine enough[562]. Robert [I] & his wife had [two children]:

(a) [WILLIAM [II] Malet (-after [1117/21]). "…Robertus Maleth…Willielmus Malet…" subscribed a charter dated Sep 1101 under which Bishop Herbert donated property to Norwich priory[563]. Brown suggests that William [II] Malet was the brother of Robert [I] Malet and therefore the son of Guillaume [I] Malet[564]. Keats-Rohan says that "this idea must be firmly rejected" as "all the evidence for this William belongs to the period 1100 to [1121], whereas Robert [I] was of age by 1066"[565].]

- see below.

(b) [ROBERT [III] Malet (-[before 1117]). Robert Malet donated a mill "in Maisnillo Goscelini" {Mesnil-Joscelin} to Bec, with the consent of Gilbert Crespin, by charter dated to before 1077, and William Malet donated "terram…Maisnillum Joscelini" to Bec for "filio suo Willelmo qui factus est monachus Becci", for the souls of "patris et matris suæ et fratris sui Roberti", by charter dated 1117[566]. The wording of this extract suggests that Robert [III] was deceased at the time.]

ii) GILBERT Malet . “Beatrix soror Roberti Malet” donated property to Eye priory, for the souls of “fratrum meorum Roberti Maleth et Gilberti Malet”, by undated charter[567]. Ancestor of the Malet family of Curry Malet, and Enmore, Somerset, and the Baronets Malet[568].

iii) BEATRIX Malet . “Beatrix soror Roberti Malet” donated property to Eye priory, for the souls of “fratrum meorum Roberti Maleth et Gilberti Malet”, by undated charter[569]. Brown indicates that Beatrix donated Redlingfield to Eye by undated charter which confirms her as husband of "William vicomte of Arques"[570]. “Willielmus de Abrincis miles dominus de Folkestan” confirmed donations to Folkestone priory, including the donations made by "Beatrix post mortem domini sui Willielmi de Archis" of "terram dotis suæ de Newenton" by undated charter[571]. m (before 1086) GUILLAUME Vicomte d´Arques, son of GODEFROI Giffard Vicomte d´Arques & his wife --- de Rouen (-[1090]).

iv) [two children (-after 1069). Simeon of Durham records that "Willelmo Malet qui tunc vicecomitatum gerebat cum sua coniuge et duobus liberis" were made prisoner by the Danes after the capture of the city of York by King William´s forces, dated to 1069[572]. Presumably the children in question were still young as they were living with their parents. It is not known whether these children were the same as those who are named above, although it is unlikely that Guillaume´s son Robert was one of the captured children as the chronology suggests that he must have been adult at the time.]

1. DURAND Malet (-after 1086). Domesday Book records "the land of Durand Malet" in Lindsey, Lincolnshire[573]. Domesday Book records that "Robert Malet holds Sutton" in Woking Hundred, Surrey, and that "Durand was seised of this land, and the men say that he has it wrongfully"[574]. Domesday Book records that "Durand holds…from Robert Malet" Cransford, Plumesgate Hundred, Suffolk[575].

2. THURSTAN Malet . "Turstin Malet" witnessed a grant to Sainte-Trinité de Caen made by "Papillon" by charter dated to before 1082[576]. "Turstin Malet" witnessed a grant to Saint-Etienne de Caen made by Humphrey d´Adeville by charter dated to early 12th century[577].

3. THUROLD "Papillon" . "Turstin Malet" witnessed a grant to Sainte-Trinité de Caen made by "Papillon" by charter dated to before 1082[578]. "…Alan de Lincola…Turald Papelleon…" witnessed the charter dated to [1094] under which William II King of England notified an agreement between William Bishop of Durham and Robert Earl of Northumberland[579]. According to Keats-Rohan, "Turold Papillon" was the son of Thurstan Malet but she does not cite the primary source on which this statement is based[580].

1. ROBERT [II] Malet . Keats-Rohan suggests that Robert [II] Malet was the same person as Robert [I] Malet[581]. Richard I King of England confirmed donations to the abbey of Saint-Taurin, Evreux, including donations made by "Robert Malet and Emelina his wife", by charter dated 15 Jan 1195[582]. m EMMELINE, daughter of ---. Richard I King of England confirmed donations to the abbey of Saint-Taurin, Evreux, including donations made by "Robert Malet and Emelina his wife", by charter dated 15 Jan 1195[583]. Robert & his wife had children:

a) HUGH Malet . Keats-Rohan records that a document related to the charter dated 15 Jan 1195 quoted above records that Robert Malet donated additional land to enable his son Hugh to become a monk at the monastery[584].

2. IVO Malet . m MARGARET, daughter of ---. Her marriage is confirmed by the undated charter under which her son "Hugo Malet" donated "dominium meum in Rouuelle", held by "pater meus Ivo Malet…matre mea Margareta"[585]. Ivo & his wife had one child:

a) HUGH Malet (-after 1147). "Hugo Malet" donated "dominium meum in Rouuelle", held by "pater meus Ivo Malet…matre mea Margareta", by undated charter, dated to [1092/1123] or [1147/68][586]. same person as…? HUGH Malet (-after 1166). Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record that "Hugo Malet" held seven knights´ fees "ex baronia Willelmi Meschin ex parte matris suæ" from "Willelmi de Curcy dapiferi" in Somerset[587].

3. HERVE Malet (-after 1166). Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record "Urveius Malet" holding one and one half knights´ fees in the honour of Wallingford in Berkshire[588].

Relatives of the Malet family, the exact connections have not yet been identified:

1. [--- . According to a charter of Henri Duke of Normandy (later Henry II King of England) issued in favour of her son Ranulf Earl of Chester dated 1153, Ctss Lucy was the niece of Robert [I] Malet of Eye and of Alan of Lincoln: "H. dux Norm. et comes And." granted land to "Ranulfo comiti Cestrie", including "totum honorem de Eia sicut Robertus Malet avunculus matris sue" had held and "foeudum Alani de Lincol…qui fuit avunculus matris sue", by charter dated to [Jan/Apr] 1153[589]. The precise relationships between all these individuals has not yet been ascertained. m [--- de Lincoln, son of ---].]

2. [--- . m ---.] [Three] children:

a) THOROLD de Bukenhale (-after [1076/79]). Sheriff of Lincolnshire. The Annals of Peterborough record that “Thoroldus vicecomes et frater germanus Godivæ comitissæ Leycestriæ” founded Spalding Monastery in 1052[590]. “Thoroldus de Bukenhale…vicecomiti” donated Spalding monastery to Croyland abbey which names “domino meo Leofrico comite Leicestriæ et…comitissa sua domina Godiva sorore mea…et cognati mei comitis Algari primogeniti et hæredis eorum”[591]. Herman´s De miraculis sancti Eadmundi names “…Lincolniensis Turoldus…” among those present when Herfast Bishop of Thetford visited Baldwin Abbot of St Edmund´s to be cured of an injury to his eye, dated to [1076/79] by Round[592].

b) GODGIFU . She is named as wife of Earl Leofric by Florence of Worcester, who specifies that she and her husband founded monasteries at Leominster, Wenlock, Chester and Stowe[593]. The Annals of Peterborough record that “Thoroldus vicecomes et frater germanus Godivæ comitissæ Leycestriæ” founded Spalding Monastery in 1052[594]. Her family origin is also indicated by the undated charter under which “Thoroldus de Bukenhale…vicecomiti” donated Spalding monastery to Croyland abbey which names “domino meo Leofrico comite Leicestriæ et…comitissa sua domina Godiva sorore mea…et cognati mei comitis Algari primogeniti et hæredis eorum”[595]. The De Gestis Herwardi Saxonis names "Aediva trinepta Oslaci ducis" as wife of "Lefricus de Brunne, nepos comitis Radulfi cognominati Scalre", when recording that they were parents of "Herwardus"[596]. "Oslaci ducis" could be "Oslac" recorded in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle as "earl [of Northumbria]" in 966[597], but any precise relationship has not been identified. ”Leofricus comes…et conjux mea Godgyve” donated property to Evesham Monastery by undated charter which names “frater meus Normannus”[598]. Godgifu wife of Leofric granted property to St Mary's, Stow by charter dated [1054/57][599]. She was the Lady Godiva of legend. m LEOFRIC Earl of Mercia, son of LEOFWINE Ealdorman of the Hwicce in Mercia (-Bromley 30 Oct 1057, bur Coventry).

c) [daughter . The source quoted below which names Thorold as "avunculus" of Lucy suggests that he was her maternal uncle, assuming that the word was used in its strict sense (which cannot be beyond doubt). m ---. It is unlikely that the sources quoted below, which name Lucy as daughter of "Algari comitis Leicestriæ", are reliable. It is assumed that they all refer to Ælfgar Earl of Mercia (see the document ANGLO-SAXON NOBILITY), which would mean that Lucy was the sister of Earls Edwin and Morcar. However, such a relationship appears chronologically impossible, even if Lucy was born very late in the life of Earl Ælfgar (whose death is dated to 1062), considering that she apparently had four children by her third husband who she married in 1098.] One child:

i) LUCY (-1138, bur Spalding). According to a charter of Henri Duke of Normandy (later Henry II King of England) issued in favour of her son Ranulf Earl of Chester dated 1153, Ctss Lucy was the niece of Robert [I] Malet of Eye and of Alan of Lincoln: "H. dux Norm. et comes And." granted land to "Ranulfo comiti Cestrie", including "totum honorem de Eia sicut Robertus Malet avunculus matris sue" had held and "foeudum Alani de Lincol…qui fuit avunculus matris sue", by charter dated to [Jan/Apr] 1153[600]. The precise relationships between all these individuals has not yet been ascertained. Domesday Descendants suggests that Thorold was her father[601]. Keats-Rohan expands her arguments in another article, based primarily on the presence of both Thorold and his wife as "antecessores" of Lucy and her first husband in the charter under which the couple donated Spalding monastery to the church of Saint-Nicholas, Anjou (see below)[602]. The Complete Peerage also discusses whether Thorold could have been Lucy´s father and that her mother could have been the daughter of Guillaume [I] Malet[603]. An alternative origin is suggested by Ingulph's potentially spurious Chronicle of the Abbey of Croyland, which records that William I King of England arranged the marriage of "Ivo Taillebois" and "Lucia sister of Edwin and Morcar", her dowry consisting of their land at Hoyland[604]. The Genealogia Fundatoris of Coventry Monastery also names “Luciam postea comitissam” as daughter of “Algarus tertius”, adding that she married firstly “Yvoni Taylboys” by whom she was childless, secondly “Rogero filio Geroldi Romara”, thirdly “Ranulfo comiti Cestriæ”, and was buried “apud Spalding”[605]. The Chronicon Angliæ Petriburgense records "Luciæ comitissæ…filiæ Algari comitis Leicestriæ" as husband of "Ivo Tailbois comes Andegavensis, dominus Spaldingiæ et totius Hollandiæ" and "Toraldus avunculus eiusdem Luciæ"[606]. Lastly, the Annals of Peterborough name “Yvo Taylboys, comes Andegavensis, dominus Spaldynge et totius Holandiæ…maritus Luciæ, filiæ Algari comitis Leicestriæ” and "Toraldus avunculus…Luciæ" when recording his donation to Spalding Monastery in 1074[607]. This relationship with Earls Edwin and Morcar is impossible from a chronological point of view, in particular because Lucy gave birth to children by her third husband at a time when she would have been over fifty if she has been their sister. It is also extremely unlikely that their sister would have been given a name derived from the Romance languages. “Ivo Taleboys” donated Spalding Monastery to the church of Saint-Nicholas Anjou, for “conjugis suæ Luciæ et antecessorum Toraldi, scilicet uxoris eius, requie” by undated charter[608]. Peter of Blois's Continuation of the Chronicle of the Abbey of Croyland records the death of Ivo and his burial at the priory of Spalding, and the remarriage of his widow "hardly had one month elapsed after his death" with "Roger de Romar the son Gerald de Romar"[609]. A manuscript recording the foundation of Spalding monastery records that “Yvo Talboys” married "Thoroldo…hærede Lucia" who, after the death of Ivo, married (in turn) "Rogerum filium Geroldi" and "comitem Cestriæ Ranulphum"[610]. Ingulph's Chronicle of the Abbey of Croyland records that "his wife the lady Lucia" married "Roger de Romar the son of Gerald de Romar" when "hardly had one month elapsed after the death" of her first husband "Ivo Taillebois"[611]. She is named as wife of Ranulf by Orderic Vitalis, who also names her first husband, but does not state her origin[612]. “Ranulfus Meschinus Richerio Vicecomiti Karlioli” donated property for the foundation of Wetherhal priory, Cumberland, for the souls of “…mea et uxoris meæ Luciæ…”, by undated charter[613]. The 1130 Pipe Roll records "Lucia comitissa Cestr…tra patis sui" in Lincolnshire[614]. m firstly as his second wife, IVO Taillebois Lord of Kendal, son of --- (-after 1094, bur Spalding). “Ivo Talliebois” donated property to St Mary, York, for the soul of “uxoris meæ Luciæ”, by undated charter witnessed by “Lucia uxore mea, Ribaldo genero meo, Radulpho Taillebois…”[615]. m secondly (after 1094) ROGER FitzGerold, son of GEROLD "Miles Christi" Châtelain de Neufmarché & his wife Aubreye (-[1096/98]). m thirdly (1098) RANULF "Meschin" Vicomte du Bessin, son of RANULF Vicomte du Bessin [Bayeux] & his wife Marguerite [Maud] d'Avranches (-17 or 27 Jan 1129, bur Chester, Abbey of St Werburgh). He was appointed Vicomte d'Avranches in 1120 and Earl of Chester.

WILLIAM [II] Malet, son of [ROBERT [I] Mallet & his wife Matilda ---] (-after [1117/21]). "…Robertus Maleth…Willielmus Malet…" subscribed a charter dated Sep 1101 under which Bishop Herbert donated property to Norwich priory[616]. Brown suggests that William [II] Malet was the brother of Robert [I] Malet and therefore the son of Guillaume [I] Malet[617]. Keats-Rohan says that "this idea must be firmly rejected" as "all the evidence for this William belongs to the period 1100 to [1121], whereas Robert [I] was of age by 1066"[618]. The Annals of Waverley record that “Philippus de Brausa et Willelmus Malet et Willelmus Barnard et Helias comes Cenomanniæ” were deprived of their lands in 1110[619]. Brown records that Robert Malet donated a mill in Mesnil-Joscelin to Bec, with the consent of Gilbert Crespin, by charter dated to before 1077, that William Malet donated land at Mesnil-Joscelin to Bec with his son William who was to become a monk, for the souls of his unnamed parents and his brother Robert, by charter dated 1117[620].

m ---. The name of William´s wife is not known. Domesday Descendants names "Oliva de Tancarville, daughter of Rabel and Theophania de Richmond" as the wife of William [II] Malet[621]. If this is correct, she was Olive de Tancarville, daughter of Rabel de Tancarville & his first wife Thiphaine de Penthièvre. However, the chronology for this marriage is not ideal. The birth of Olive´s maternal grandfather is estimated to [1058/62]. His daughter was therefore probably born in [1080/1100], and Olive in [1095/1115]. On the other hand, William [II] Malet is first named in a charter dated Sep 1101 when he was presumably already adult, and no mention of him has been found after [1117/21]. Stapleton suggests that Olive may have been the mother of Guillaume Malet de Graville (see below) which appears to provide a better chronological fit[622].

William [II] & his wife had one child:

1. WILLIAM Malet (-after 1117). Brown records that Robert Malet donated a mill in Mesnil-Joscelin to Bec, with the consent of Gilbert Crespin, by charter dated to before 1077, that William Malet donated land at Mesnil-Joscelin to Bec with his son William who was to become a monk, for the souls of his unnamed parents and his brother Robert, by charter dated 1117[623]. The Chronicon Becense records that a gift of land at Mesnil-Joscelin was made by William [III] Malet in 1117 and confirmed by "Henricus primus rex Anglie…et Willelmus pater prefati Willelmi"[624]. King Henry I confirmed the donation of Conteville to Bec made by "William Malet" by charter dated 1121[625].

B. MALET of GRAVILLE (NORMANDY)

1. MATTHEW de Graville (-after 1172). Domesday Descendants says that Matthew was "presumably son of William [II] and Oliva de Tancarville, daughter of Rabel and Theophania de Richmond"[626]. A charter dated 25 Mar 1159 records an agreement between the abbey of Fécamp and "Matheo de Gerarvilla" concerning "dominio inter Gerartvillam et Harefluet" {Graville and Harfleur}, sworn by "…Robertus frater ipsius Mathei…"[627]. The Liber Niger Scaccarii records the "carta Mathæi de Gerardivilla" among the certificates for knight-service in Hertfordshire in 1168[628]. "Mattheus de Gerardivilla" accounted for "iv mil. et ad suum servitium xii mil. et dim" in the Pays de Caux in 1172[629]. Henry II King of England confirmed the property of Valmont abbey, including the donation made by "Mathei de Gerarvilla et Willelmi filii sui", by charter dated to [1181/83][630]. m ---. The name of Matthew´s wife is not known. Stapleton suggests that the mother of Guillaume Malet de Graville was Olive de Tancarville, daughter of Rabel de Tancarville & his first wife Thiphaine de Penthièvre[631]. As noted above, Domesday Descendants suggests that Olive was the wife of William [II] Malet, but a marriage with Matthew de Greville would provide a better chronological fit. Matthew & his wife had children:

a) GUILLAUME [III] Malet de Graville (-[Sep 1214/Oct 1215]). Henry II King of England confirmed the property of Valmont abbey, including the donation made by "Mathei de Gerarvilla et Willelmi filii sui", by charter dated to [1181/83][632]. "Will Malet" accounted for land at "Criketot" in the Pays de Caux in 1195[633]. "William Malet de Girardivilla" founded the church of Sainte-Honorine at Graville[634]. "…Willelmus Malet…" is listed among those who swore to uphold a treaty between John King of England and the count of Flanders dated 18 Aug 1199[635]. “…Willelmus Malet…" witnessed the treaty between John King of England and Philippe II King of France dated Sep 1214[636]. m (after [1198]) as her second husband, PHILIPPA d'Alençon, widow of WILLIAM de Roumare Earl of Lincoln, daughter of JEAN [I] Comte d'Alençon & his wife Beatrix de Maine [Anjou] (-before [1220]). The primary source which confirms her parentage and three marriages has not yet been identified. Her second marriage is indicated by two charters. “Hemericus vicecomes Castri-Eraudi, Ala uxor quondam Roberti filii Ernesii, et Robertus Malet" relinquished "castrum de Esseio" in return for "terram et redditus apud Escocheium" by charter dated to [1220][637]. The family relationship between the three participants is explained in another charter dated to [1220] which records that “Hemerico vicecomiti Castri-Eraudi, Alæ uxori Roberti Ernesii et Roberto Malet, Roberti comitis Alenconii heredibus" assigned property for "castri de Esseio"[638]. She married thirdly (before Oct 1215) as his [first] wife, Guillaume de Préaux. Guillaume [III] & his wife had one child:

i) ROBERT Malet de Graville (-[1242/43]). “Hemericus vicecomes Castri-Eraudi, Ala uxor quondam Roberti filii Ernesii, et Robertus Malet" relinquished "castrum de Esseio" in return for "terram et redditus apud Escocheium" by charter dated to [1220][639]. The family relationship between the three participants is explained in another charter dated to [1220] which records that “Hemerico vicecomiti Castri-Eraudi, Alæ uxori Roberti Ernesii et Roberto Malet, Roberti comitis Alenconii heredibus" assigned property for "castri de Esseio"[640]. “Hemericus vicecomes Castri-Eraudi et Hela soror Roberti quondam comitis de Alencon et Robertus Malet" relinquished "forestam…Escoves et hayam de Ferraria et forestam de Chaumont et forestam de Ruppe-Heolydis, usque in Sarton…de dominio de Alenconio" by charter dated Jan 1220 (probably O.S.)[641].

2. ROBERT (-after 25 Mar 1159). A charter dated 25 Mar 1159 records an agreement between the abbey of Fécamp and "Matheo de Gerarvilla" concerning "dominio inter Gerartvillam et Harefluet" {Graville and Harfleur}, sworn by "…Robertus frater ipsius Mathei…"[642].

C. MALET of SOMERSET

1. WILLIAM Malet (-after 1130). The 1130 Pipe Roll records "Willo Maled" in Hampshire[643].

2. ROBERT [III] Malet (-[before 1155]). Robert [III] Malet may have been the same person as Robert [II] Malet who is shown in Part A of the present chapter. The 1130 Pipe Roll accounts for land in Oxfordshire "p recto de terra de Warministra de Rob Malet"[644]. Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record that "Robertus Malet" used to hold ten knights´ fees from the abbot of Glastonbury in Somerset "tempore Regis Henrici" (presumably indicating King Henry I) and that "Hubertus de Sancta Susanna" now held two of these and "Willelmus Malech" now held twelve, another section recording the knights´ fees held from "Willelmi Malech" in Somerset[645].

3. WILLIAM Malet (-1169). According to Domesday Descendants, William was the son of Robert Malet (see above)[646]. A close relationship is indicated by the Red Book of the Exchequer entry which indicates that William had succeeded Robert in landholdings, but they could have been brothers or father and son. Steward of Henry II King of England. The 1155 Pipe Roll records "Willo Malet" in Somerset, Dorset and Wiltshire[647]. The 1156 Pipe Roll records "Willo Malet" in Kent[648]. The 1157 Pipe Roll records "Will. Maled" in Buckinghamshire and Bedfordshire, and in Northamptonshire, both under "Nova Placita & Noue Conuentiones"[649]. The Red Book of the Exchequer refers to "Willelmo Malet viii l" in Somerset in [1161/62][650]. It is not certain that all these entries refer to the same person. Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record that "Robertus Malet" used to hold ten knights´ fees from the abbot of Glastonbury in Somerset "tempore Regis Henrici" (presumably indicating King Henry I) and that "Hubertus de Sancta Susanna" now held two of these and "Willelmus Malech" now held twelve, another section recording the knights´ fees held from "Willelmi Malech" in Somerset[651]. "Roberto …Willelmo Malet dapifero…" subscribed the charter dated 1168 under which Henry II King of England confirmed the property "in manerio de Hinton" of "Roberto de Basoges" granted to him by "comes Conanus"[652]. m firstly ---. The name of William´s first wife is not known. The fact of this first marriage is confirmed by the marriage of William´s son Gilbert with the sister of William´s own second wife. m secondly (1165 or before) as her first husband, EUGENIA Picot, daughter of RALPH Picot & his wife --- ([1154/55]-after 1194). She married secondly Thomas FitzBernard. The Rotuli de Dominabus of 1185 records “Ewgenia Picot…filia Radulfi Picot de Kancia et uxor Thome filii Bernardi…xxx annorum”, her property “in hundredo de Redefeld…de feodo Gileberti Malet" given to her by "Willelmus Malet…in dotem”, adding that she had three sons, aged 10, 8 and 3, and one daughter, given by "Dominus Rex, filio Johannis de Bidun", by her second husband[653]. The Red Book of the Exchequer refers to "Eugenia Picot x s" in Kent in [1186/87][654]. The 1194/95 Pipe Roll records "Eugenia Pikot…pro custodia Johannis f sue et terre sue" in Kent[655]. William & his first wife had [two] children:

a) GILBERT Malet (-1194). The primary source which confirms his parentage has not yet been identified. m ALICE, daughter of RALPH Picot & his wife ---. The primary source which confirms her parentage and marriage has not yet been identified. Gilbert & his wife had one child:

i) WILLIAM Malet (-before 20 Dec 1215). "…Willelmo Malet…" subscribed the charter dated to [1172/89] under which Henry II King of England confirmed the prebends of Saint-Nicolas de Bayeux[656]. The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1190/91], records "Willelmus Malet de Gerardville" paying "x s, i militem" in Essex, Hertfordshire[657]. The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1194/95], records "Willelmus Malet" being granted delay to pay "per brevia" in Essex, Herefordshire[658]. The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1196/97], records "Willelmus Malet" among those granted delay in payment "per brevia" in Dorset, Somerset[659]. The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Willelmus de Malet" holding one knight´s fee in "Fineberge" in Norfolk, Suffolk in [1210/12][660]. The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Willelmus Malet" holding one half of one knight´s fee "in Aldeham" and one "in Lullingestone" in Kent in [1210/12][661]. King John granted "totam terram que fuit Willelmi Malet" to "Hug de Vivon" by order dated 20 Dec 1215[662]. [m firstly ---. The dates of the first marriages of William Malet´s daughters, together with the fact that his known wife Alice Basset had three children by her third husband, suggests that William´s two daughters must have been born from an otherwise unrecorded first marriage.] m [secondly] as her first husband, ALICE Basset, daughter of THOMAS Basset [II] of Headington & his wife --- (-[1263]). She married secondly (before 1221, annulled) H--- de Chaceporc, and thirdly (1223 or before) John Bisset. William & his [first] wife had two children:

(a) MABEL Malet . Her second marriage is confirmed by an order dated 18 Nov 1223 placing "in respite…the demand…from Hugh de Vivonne…for the debt that William Malet, father of the wife of Vivon, owed the king"[663]. m firstly NICHOLAS Avenell, son of --- (-[1221/22]). m secondly (before 18 Nov 1223) HUGUES de Vivonne, son of --- (-1249).

(b) HAWISE Malet . Henry III King of England made an order related to property "apud Exoniam" of "Hawisie que fuit uxor Hugonis Poinz", which she received from "Willelmi Malet patris vestri", dated 26 Aug 1220[664]. m firstly HUGH Poinz, son of --- (-before 26 Aug 1220). m secondly ROBERT de Mucegros, son of ---.

b) [BALDWIN Malet (-after 1166). Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record that "Baldewinus Malet" held two knights´ fees and three parts from "Willelmi Malech" [Malet] in Somerset[665].]

1. ROBERT Malet (-after 10 Mar 1216). The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Robertus Malet" holding one quarter of one knight´s fee "in Stanpelte" in Kent in [1210/12][666]. "Robertus Malet" paid a fine for returning to the king´s service, security given by "Falkes de Breaut", dated 10 Mar 1216[667].

2. RALPH Malet (-after 1212). The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Radulfus Malet" holding "viii l in Norcure…de dominico Rege" in Dorset, Somerset in [1210/12][668]. The Testa de Nevill includes a writ of King John dated 1212 which records that "Radulfus Malet" held "viii libratas terre in [manerio] de Wuttheham de dono Henrici Regis, patris Johannis Regis [per servicium]…quod facit Willelmo Malet" in Somerset[669].

Chapter 11. MAMINOT

1. ROBERT de Courbépine . Orderic Vitalis names "Roberti de Curvaspina" when recording his son´s election as bishop of Lisieux[670]. m ---. The name of Robert´s wife is not known. Robert & his wife had [two] children:

a) GILBERT Maminot (-Aug 1101). "…Gilbert Maminot…" witnessed the charter dated Apr 1067 under which William I King of England donated the church of Saint-Jacques de Beuvron to Saint-Benoît-sur-Loire[671]. Orderic Vitalis records that "Gislebertus cognomento Maminotus, regis archiater et capellanus…filius Roberti de Curvaspina" was elected bishop of Lisieux and held the position for 23 years, dated to 1077[672]. Orderic Vitalis records the death of "Gislebertus senex cognomento Maminotus, Luxoviensis episcopus", dated to 1101[673].

b) [RALPH de Courbépine (-after 1086). The Domesday book records "Berfrestone" {Barfreston, Kent}, "Berlinge" {Birling, Kent}, Burham {Burham, Kent}, houses in Canterbury, "Colret" {Coldred, Kent}, and "Danetone" {Denton near Barham, Kent}, held by "Ralph de Courbepine"[674]. The Domesday book records "Fereburne" {Fairbourne, Kent}, held by "Ralph de Courbepine"[675]. The Domesday book records "Piventone" {Pivington, Kent}, "Turneham" {Thurnham, Kent}, and Walwalesere {Waldershare, Kent}, held by "Ralph de Courbepine"[676].]

1. [HUGH] Maminot (-before 1130). Eyton calls "Emma Peverel supposed wife of Hugh Maminot" parents of Walkelin Maminot but does not cite the primary source which confirms their names[677]. m [EMMA] Peverel], daughter of --- (-after 1130). The 1130 Pipe Roll records "Emme Maminet" in Kent[678]. Her relationship to William Peverel (presumably William Peverel of Dover) is confirmed by the undated charter under which her son "Walchelinus Maminot" restored “terram de Lega” (near Ellesmere), unjustly taken by “avunculus meus Willielmus Peverel”, to Shrewsbury abbey[679]. Hugh & his wife had three children:

a) WALKELIN Maminot (-[1155/57]). "…Waucelinus Mamot…" witnessed the charter of Ramsey abbey dated to [1133/37] which records that "Walterus de Bolebeche…Heylenius uxor sua et Hugo filius suus" donated "terram de Waltone"[680]. Orderic Vitalis records that "Gualchelinus…cognomento Maminot" held Dover in a rebellion against King Stephen, dated to 1138, but later made peace[681]. "Walchelinus Maminot" restored “terram de Lega” (near Ellesmere), unjustly taken by “avunculus meus Willielmus Peverel”, to Shrewsbury abbey by undated charter[682]. "Walch Maminot" witnessed the charter dated to [May/Jun] 1141 under which Empress Matilda granted land to Miles of Gloucester which had belonged to "Gregorii Dapiferi" at Westminster[683]. "Walkelinus Maminot" donated Bradford mill to Haughmond abbey by charter dated to [1141/48], witnessed by "Rogerio filio Warini et Fulcone fratre suo, Stephano de Haia et Michaele fratre suo", and "Willielmus Peverel de Dovera" also donated Bradford mill, donated by "dominus Walchelinus Maminot" for the soul of "Rogeri de Haia", witnessed by "…Matilla mea conjuge, Matilla de Dovera mea sorore, Acelina mea sorore…"[684]. "Walchelinus Maminot…" witnessed the undated charter under which “Willielmus Peverellus de Douria” donated property “Wlurunton, Einardeseiam, Crugelton” granted to him by “Hamo Peverell patruus meus” to Shrewsbury abbey[685]. "Walcheline Maminoht" exchanged land with the abbot of Shrewsbury by charter dated to [1136/41], witnessed by "Roger Fitz Warin"[686]. "Walcheline Maminoht" granted Bradford Mill to Haughmond abbey by charter dated to [1145], witnessed by "Roger Fitz Warin and Fulk his brother"[687]. "…Wachelino Maminot…" witnessed the charter dated to [Sep 1151/Jan 1153] under which "Henricus dux Norm et comes Andeg" donated property to the abbey of Mortemer[688]. The 1157 Pipe Roll records "Walchel. Mamin." in Buckinghamshire and Bedfordshire, "Walch. Mam." in Northamptonshire, and "Walch. Maminot" in Kent, all under "Nova Placita & Noue Conuentiones"[689]. m as her second husband, JULIANE de Vere, formerly wife of HUGH Bigod later Earl of Norfolk, daughter of AUBREY de Vere Lord of Hedingham & his wife --- ([1110/22]-after 1185). “Rogerus Bigot comes Norfolchiæ” donated property to Colne priory, for the souls of “Hugone Bigot fratris mei et comitissæ Julianæ matris meæ et Idæ uxoris meæ”, by undated charter, witnessed by “Hugone Bigot filio meo…”[690]. The Rotuli de Dominabus of 1185 records property “Duvercurt” held by “comitissa Juliana…soror comitis Albrici”[691]. The Complete Peerage says that “for the souls of her father and mother and of her husbands Hugh Bigoth and Walkelin Maminot she granted Begham Abbey land in Brockley” but does not quote the original[692]. According to the Complete Peerage, she was still living in 1185, citing a grant by “Juliana comitissa” at Dovercourt to Colne Priory, witnessed by “Alberico comite et Alberico filius eius”, adding “which being notified to Gilbert Bishop of London was not later than 1189”[693]. Walkelin & his wife had one child:

i) WALKELIN Maminot ([1125/38]-[1190]). The Annals of Bermondsey record that “Walkelinus Mammynot filius Walkelini Mammynot” donated revenue “de molendino de Depforde” to Bermondsey in 1157[694]. The Bermondsey Chronicle records that “Walkelinus Mammynot filius Walkelini Mammynot” donated revenue “de molendino de Depford” to Bermondsey in 1157[695]. Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record the names of those providing knights for military service with "Walkelini Mamignot" in Kent[696]. The Red Book of the Exchequer refers to "Walkelin Mamignot xviii l, et de novo i m" in Kent in [1167/68][697]. The Bermondsey Chronicle records that “Walkelinus Maymynot filius Walkelini Mammynot” donated revenue “de dominio de Cippenham in Dilleherst…etiam ecclesiam de Berlyng” to Bermondsey in 1168[698]. The Annals of Bermondsey record the same donation, adding that it was confirmed by Kings Henry II, Edward III, Richard II and Henry IV[699]. A later passage in the same source records the confirmation in 1174 by King Henry II of the donation of "ecclesiam de Bierlyng" by "Walkelinus Mammynot"[700]. The Red Book of the Exchequer refers to "Wakelin Mamignot xxvii l, de novo xx s" in Kent in [1171/72][701]. The 1176/77 Pipe Roll names "Walkelinus Maminot" in Kent[702]. The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1190/91], records "heredes Walkelini Mamignot" paying "xiv l x s, xxvii milites" in Kent[703].

b) ALICE Maminot . The cartulary of Merton Priory records that Hugh Maminot gave the manor of Petham, Kent to "Ralph de Chesney in marriage with his daughter Alice"[704]. The Complete Peerage has confused the marriages of Alice Maminot, stating that she married firstly "Ralph de Cahaines" and secondly Geoffrey [II] de Say[705]. The supposed first marriage results from confusion between the Chesney and Cahaignes families, members of both of which (both named Ralph) married daughters of Hugh Maminot, as shown in the present document). As justification for the supposed second marriage, the Complete Peerage quotes an undated charter under which "Galfridus de Say filius Galfridi de Say et Alicie de Cheinnei uxoris sue" of the donation to Bermondsey of the advowson of Birling church made by Walkelin Maminot (see above) and later by "Geoffrey de Say", followed by another confirmation by "William de Say, son of Geoffrey, son of Geoffrey"[706], presumably to provide a purported explanation for the transmission of interests from the Maminot family to the Say family. In fact the transmission was through the granddaughter of Alice Maminot and Ralph [II] de Chesney who married Geoffrey [III] de Say. m (before 1130) [as his second wife,] RALPH [II] de Chesney, son of RALPH [I] de Chesney & his wife Matilda ---.

c) --- Maminot . Her parentage and marriage are confirmed by the Testa de Nevill which includes a writ of King John dated 1212 recording that "Willelmum de Kaines" held "manerium de Tarent in hundredo de Langeber…iii militum…" in Dorset which had been given to "Radulfo de Kaines in maritagio cum filia Hugonis Maminot per dominum Henricum Regem primum"[707]. The wording of this document suggests that the marriage took place after the death of the bride´s father. m ([before 1130/1135]) RALPH de Cahaignes [Keynes], son of ---. A manuscript which records donations to Lewes priory includes in Kent land “in Langenia” donated by “Willielmus de Cahaynnes” for the souls of "filiorum suorum Ricardi et Willielmi", of land "ad Ramegingas, de feodo Hugonis de Cahaennis", land "ad Duclintunam" donated y "Adeleidis" for the soul of "Willielmi de Chaennis viri sui" and confirmed by "Hugo filius eius", land "ad Sidenoram" donated by "Hugo de Cahaines" confirmed by "Ricardus filius eius"[708].

Chapter 12. MARMION

Vautier suggests that the Marmion family held the seigneurie de Fontenay "dès le principe, elle fut probablement créée pour eux", but that part was part was transferred to the FitzErneis family with the marriage of Gersende Marmion, daughter of Robert Marmion [I], to Robert [II] FitzErneis[709].

1. GUILLAUME Marmion (-after 29 Aug 1060). "…Willelmo Marmio…" witnessed the charter dated 29 Aug 1060 under which "milite…Richardo…fratribus Willelmo…atque Balduino" donated "Gausberti Villa" to Chartres Saint-Père[710].

2. ROGER Marmion . The Chronique de Normandie, based on le Roman de Rou, names "Rogier Marmion" among those who took part in the conquest of England in 1066[711].

3. ROBERT Marmion [I] (-after 1066). Vaultier states that Robert Marmion was granted Tamworth for his part in the conquest of England and the lordship of "Scrivelsbye" in Lincolnshire[712]. m HAWISE, daughter of ---. Vaultier states that "Hadvise veuve de Robert seigneur de Fontenay le Marmion" donated property to the abbey of Sainte-Trinité de Caen, with the consent of "ses fils Roger, Helton et Manassès", by charter dated to 1066 or soon after[713]. Henry II King of England confirmed the possessions of the abbey of la Trinité de Caen, including the donation by "Haudvise uxoris Roberti Marmion" of land "in Sancto Georgio et in Jurkis et molendinum de la Boista et le Parket", by charter dated to [1180/82][714]. Robert [I] & his wife had four children:

a) ROGER Marmion (-after [1115/18]). Vaultier states that "Hadvise veuve de Robert seigneur de Fontenay le Marmion" donated property to the abbey of Sainte-Trinité de Caen, with the consent of "ses fils Roger, Helton et Manassès", by charter dated to 1066 or soon after[715]. The Descriptio militum de Abbatia de Burgo records "Roger Marmiun" with "ii milites" held from "abbatia de Burch" [in Hampshire][716]. m ---. The name of Roger´s wife is not known. Roger & his wife had one child:

i) ROBERT Marmion [II] of Tamworth, Staffordshire (-killed in battle [1143/44]). "Philippus de Marmiun filius et hæres Roberti le Marmiun" recalls the donation of “Buteyate” to Bardney by “Robertus Marmiun…et Milesent uxor mea et Robertus filius meus” by charter dated Jun 1248[717].

- see below.

b) HELTON Marmion . Vaultier states that "Hadvise veuve de Robert seigneur de Fontenay le Marmion" donated property to the abbey of Sainte-Trinité de Caen, with the consent of "ses fils Roger, Helton et Manassès", by charter dated to 1066 or soon after[718].

c) MANASSES Marmion . Vaultier states that "Hadvise veuve de Robert seigneur de Fontenay le Marmion" donated property to the abbey of Sainte-Trinité de Caen, with the consent of "ses fils Roger, Helton et Manassès", by charter dated to 1066 or soon after[719].

d) GERSENDE Marmion . She is named in a charter dated 1217 under which "Robertus filius Erneisi sextus" confirmed donations to Fontenay by "antecessore meo bonæ memoriæ Roberto filio Erneisi secundo", which quotes the donation by "Robertus…et Gersendis uxor mea filia Roberti Marmionis"[720]. Vaultier dates this donation quoted in the charter to after 1087[721]. m ([before 1087]) ROBERT [II] FitzErneis, son of ROBERT [I] FitzErneis & his wife ---.

4. ROBERT Marmion [II] (-after 1091). "…Rotberti Marmion…" consented to the donation of "decimam Ansfredi Villæ" to Sainte-Trinité de Rouen by "Gernagois et Albereda uxor eius, cum filiis suis Willelmo et Rotberto" by charter dated 1091[722]. "…Robert Marmion…" witnessed the undated charter under which Robert III Duke of Normandy donated property to Saint-Etienne de Caen[723].

5. WALTER Marmion . “Baderon de Monemue” donated property in Monmouth to Monmouth Priory, with the consent of “filiorum meorum Gileberti et Jacobi”, by undated charter witnessed by "…Waltero Marmiun…"[724].

6. GEOFFREY Marmion (-after 1158). The Red Book of the Exchequer refers to "Galfrido Marmion" in Warwick in [1158/59][725].

ROBERT Marmion [III] of Tamworth, Staffordshire, son of ROGER Marmion & his wife --- (-killed in battle [1143/44]). "Philippus de Marmiun filius et hæres Roberti le Marmiun" recalls the donation of “Buteyate” to Bardney by “Robertus Marmiun…et Milesent uxor mea et Robertus filius meus” by charter dated Jun 1248[726]. The 1130 Pipe Roll records "Robt Marmion" in Lincolnshire[727]. Henry II King of England confirmed the possessions of the abbey of Barbery, including donations by "Roberti Marmium, concessione Roberti filii sui et uxoris sue et filiarum suarum", by charter dated to [1182/89][728].

m as her first husband, MELISENDE, daughter of ---. A kinswoman of Queen Adelisa, who gave her the manor of Stanton Harcourt, Oxfordshire on her second marriage[729]. "Philippus de Marmiun filius et hæres Roberti le Marmiun" recalls the donation of “Buteyate” to Bardney by “Robertus Marmiun…et Milesent uxor mea et Robertus filius meus” by charter dated Jun 1248[730]. She married secondly Richard de Camville.

Robert [III] & his wife had two children:

1. ROBERT Marmion [IV] (-before Oct 1181). King Stephen granted the land of "Rogeri avi sui et Roberti Marmium patris sui" to "Roberto Marmium" by charter dated to [1144][731]. "[Rodbertus] Marmiun" donated land in Roughton to Kirkstead abbey by charter dated 1163[732]. [The 1164/65 Pipe Roll records "Rob fil Milesent" accounting for land in Yorkshire[733]. It is not certain that this entry relates to Robert [IV] Marmion, but this looks probable because Melisende was not a common name in England at that time.] The Red Book of the Exchequer refers to "Robertus Marmion vii l xii s viii d, de novo lxx s" in Warwickshire, Leicestershire in [1167/68][734]. "…Simon de Tornebu, Robertus Marmion et Willelmus de Glanvilla" reported the results of an enquiry into rights to the church of Surrain by charter dated Jan 1176[735]. "…Roberto Marmion…" subscribed the charter dated to [1172/78] under which Henry II King of England confirmed the freedoms of the town of Rouen[736]. Henry II King of England confirmed the possessions of the abbey of Barbery, including donations by "Roberti Marmium, concessione Roberti filii sui et uxoris sue et filiarum suarum", by charter dated to [1182/89][737]. m ELISABETH de Rethel, daughter of GERVAIS de Rethel & his wife Elisabeth de Namur ([1121/23]-). The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines records that her stepfather "Clarenbaldus de Roseto" alienated her lands and married her to "nobili Roberto Marmioni de Normannia", without giving her name[738]. Robert [IV] & his wife had one child:

a) ROBERT Marmion [V] (-after 1196). "Robert Marmion, fils de Robert" confirmed the donations to the abbey of Barberie made by his father by charter dated Oct 1181[739].

- see below.

2. daughters . Henry II King of England confirmed the possessions of the abbey of Barbery, including donations by "Roberti Marmium, concessione Roberti filii sui et uxoris sue et filiarum suarum", by charter dated to [1182/89][740].

1. GEOFFREY Marmion (-after 1166). Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record that "Galfridus Marmiun" held one knight´s fee from "Roberti Marmiun" in Warwickshire[741].

2. ALBREDA Marmion (-after 1220). King John confirmed "castellum et villam de Landesteph" to "G. de Camvill fil Will de Kamvill", naming "Albred Marmion matre ipsius Gaufridi", by charter dated 25 Apr 1200[742]. Bracton records a claim, dated 1220, by "Albreda Marmiun" against "Henricum de Aldithelega" for "ecclesiam de Cliftona", adding that she had custody of "terram…Gaufrido de Camuilla filio suo"[743]. m WILLIAM de Camville, son of --- (-before 25 Apr 1200).

ROBERT Marmion [V], son of ROBERT Marmion [IV] & his wife Elisabeth de Rethel (-after 1196). "Robert Marmion, fils de Robert" confirmed the donations to the abbey of Barberie made by his father by charter dated Oct 1181[744]. "Raoul Taisson, fils de Jourdain Taisson" donated property to Sainte-Marie-de-Barberie and confirmed the donations by "Robert Marmion" by undated charter[745]. Henry II King of England confirmed the franchise of pleas for the land of "Roberti Marmium" by charter dated to [1172/89][746]. The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1190/91], records "Robertus de Marmion" paying "cxiv s vi d" in Warwickshire, Leicestershire[747]. The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1194/95], records "Robertus Marmiun" among those granted delayed payment "per brevia" in Lincolnshire[748]. The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1196/97], records "Robertus Marmion" paying "x s, dimidium militem" in Northamptonshire[749].

m firstly MATILDA de Beauchamp, daughter of WALTER [I] de Beauchamp of Elmley & his wife [Emmeline] de Abitot. Her parentage and marriage are confirmed by the undated charter under which her son "Robert Marmion, neveu de Guillaume de Beauchamp" made a declaration concerning a donation of property to Sainte-Marie-de-Barberie and the charter dated 1224 under which "Robert Marmion le jeune, fils de Mathilde de Beauchamp" donated property to the same abbey[750].

m secondly PHILIPPA, daughter of --- (-after 1223). Henry III King of England issued an order relating to a claim by "Philippa Marmiun" against "Robertum Marmiun seniorem filium et heredum Roberti Marmiun" relating to "tenemento in Tamewurth et in Middeltun…dotis [sue]" dated 6 Jan 1221, received by "Roberto Marmiun juniori…et ipsam matrem suam secum"[751].

Robert [V] & his first wife had two children:

1. ROBERT Marmion [VI] (-1241). "Robert Marmion, neveu de Guillaume de Beauchamp" made a declaration concerning a donation of property to Sainte-Marie-de-Barberie by undated charter[752]. The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Robertus Marmyun" holding one knight´s fee in "Scrivelby" in Lincolnshire in [1210/12][753]. He was disinherited during the early part of the reign of King Henry III, as shown by the fine paid by "Robert Marmion junior…for having custody of Tamworth castle and of the lands formerly of Robert his father…", subject to "his brother Robert senior [coming] to the king´s peace", dated to [1217/18][754]. Henry III King of England ordered that the lands of "Roberti Marmiun" be granted to "Robertum Marmiun filium suum primogenitum", except for agreements with "Robertum Marmiun juniorem fratrem suum", dated 25 Nov 1220[755]. "Robert Marmion le jeune, fils de Mathilde de Beauchamp" donated property to Sainte-Marie-de-Barberie by charter dated 1224[756]. "Robertus Marmion, filius Matillis de Bello Campo" granted property to "Radulfo Porto Aloe de Roquancourt" for his loyal service by charter dated 1233[757]. Matthew Paris names "…Robertus Marmiun…" among those who died in 1241[758]. m JULIANA, daughter of PHILIP de Vassy & his wife ---. "Philippus Marmion" names "Roberti Marmiun patris mei, et Willelmi Marmiun patrui mei…Juliane de Vauceio matris mee" in a charter dated 22 Oct 1246 which records the sale of Fontenay le Marmion[759]. Robert [VI] & his wife had one child:

a) PHILIP Marmion (-[20 Apr 1290/5 Dec 1291]). "Philip son of Robert Marmiun" was granted lands by his father dated 10 Dec 1239[760]. "Philippus Marmion" sold Fontenay le Marmion, previously held by "Roberti Marmion patris mei, et Willelmi Marmion patrui mei" to "domine Johanne de Tureio" by charter dated 2 Nov 1245[761]. "Philippus de Marmiun filius et hæres Roberti le Marmiun" recalls the donation of “Buteyate” to Bardney by “Robertus Marmiun…et Milesent uxor mea et Robertus filius meus” by charter dated Jun 1248[762]. m firstly JOAN, daughter of HUGH de Kilpeck & his wife ---. m secondly MARY, daughter of --- (-before 26 Sep 1313). Philip & his first wife had three children:

i) JOAN (-before 13 Aug 1295). m WILLIAM de Morteyn, son of ---.

ii) MAZERA (-before 1291). m RALPH de Cromwell, son of ---.

iii) MATILDA . m RALPH le Butler, son of ---.

Philip & his second wife had one child:

iv) JOAN . m firstly THOMAS de Ludlow, son of ---. m secondly HENRY Hillary, son of ---.

Philip had one illegitimate child by an unknown mistress:

v) ROBERT . m ISABEL, daughter of GILES FitzRalph & his wife ---.

2. MABEL . m firstly HUGH de Say [II], son of HUGH de Say [I] & his wife Lucy Clifford ([1165/70]-killed in battle ([1196]). m secondly (before Mar 1200) REGINALD, son of ---.

Robert [V] & his second wife had two children:

3. ROBERT Marmion [VII] (-before 23 Oct 1242). Henry III King of England granted letters of conduct to "Robertus Marmiun junior" dated 1216[763]. Henry III King of England granted "castri de Tamewurth et terrarum que fuerunt Robert patris sui" to "Robertus Marmium junior" dated 16 May 1218[764]. "Robert Marmion junior" paid a fine for "having custody of Tamworth castle and of the lands formerly of Robert his father…", default to "William brother of Robert junior", subject to "his brother Robert senior [coming] to the king´s peace", dated to [1217/18][765]. Henry III King of England ordered that the lands of "Roberti Marmiun" be granted to "Robertum Marmiun filium suum primogenitum", except for agreements with "Robertum Marmiun juniorem fratrem suum", dated 25 Nov 1220[766]. “Radulfus Basset” confirmed donations to Canwell priory by “Geua Ridel et pater meus Radulfus Basset”, by undated charter, witnessed by "…Roberto Marmion, Willielmo Marmion filio suo…"[767]. m AVICE, daughter of HUGH de Tanfield & his wife ---. The primary source which confirms her parentage and marriage has not yet been identified. Robert [VII] & his wife had two children:

a) WILLIAM Marmion (-27 Jul 1275). “Radulfus Basset” confirmed donations to Canwell priory by “Geua Ridel et pater meus Radulfus Basset”, by undated charter, witnessed by "…Roberto Marmion, Willielmo Marmion filio suo…"[768]. "Guillaume Marmion, clerc, fils de Robert Marmion, fils du fondateur de Barberie" donated property to Sainte-Marie-de-Barberie, for the soul of "son jeune frère Robert", by charter dated 1238, confirmed by "Robert Marmion fils de Mathilde de Beauchamp"[769]. He supported the Barons against King Henry III, was summoned to Parliament by Simon de Montfort, and pardoned by the king 1 Jul 1267[770]. m (1248) LORETTE , daughter of [RICHARD FitzJohn [FitzRoy] & his wife Rohese de Dover] (-after 1248). In the Complete Peerage, she is described as the daughter of "Royce, daughter and heiress of Robert of Dover" who granted the manor of Luddington in 1248 to her daughter and son-in-law[771]. An assize of last presentation brought by the king in 1261 against "William Marmion and Lauretta" shows that "Lauretta was the daughter of Richard FitzRoy"[772].

- LORDS MARMION[773].

b) ROBERT Marmion . "Guillaume Marmion, clerc, fils de Robert Marmion, fils du fondateur de Barberie" donated property to Sainte-Marie-de-Barberie, for the soul of "son jeune frère Robert", by charter dated 1238[774].

4. WILLIAM Marmion