This document sets out English noble families in the post-conquest period who were granted no title of nobility, at least not before the late 13th century, whose names start with the letters P to S. It represents a selection of these families, chosen only because they were the ones for whom records were found in the primary sources so far consulted. The scope of this document is being expanded as further sources are studied. It should be emphasised that the reconstructions in this document do not generally include outlines from secondary sources. The objective is to expand the reconstructions based only on primary sources, to avoid perpetuating errors.

Please see the introduction to the document UNTITLED ENGLISH NOBILITY A - C for more general background information on these families.

Chapter 1. PANTULF

[PANTULF] . The name of William Pantulf´s father is not known. However, in light of other examples of Norman families (including Corbet, Picot), it is possible that he was named Pantulf, which was then adopted as a family name by his descendants.

m BEATRIX, daughter of ---. Her marriage is confirmed by Orderic Vitalis who records that "Guillelmus miles cognomento Pantol" donated "terram quam Beatrix mater eius in dominio habebat apud Fossas" to "S. Petro"[1].

[Pantulf] & his wife had two children:

1. WILLIAM Pantulf (-16 Apr, after 1112, bur Noron Saint-Pierre). Orderic Vitalis records "Guillelmum cognomento Pantulfum et Picodum atque Corbatum, filiosque eius Rogerium et Rodbertum" as vassals of Roger de Montgommery in Shropshire, dated to [1071] from the context[2]. Orderic Vitalis records that "Guillelmus miles cognomento Pantol" donated "ecclesias de Norun" to "S. Ebrulfo", with the consent of "Rogerio comite domino suo", in 1073, and donated "terram quam Beatrix mater eius in dominio habebat apud Fossas" to "S. Petro"[3]. Orderic Vitalis records that "Willelmum Pantol et Rodbertum de Cordaio nepotem suum" accompanied "Rodbertus…abbas, frater Hugonis de Grentemaisnilio" to Apulia in 1077[4]. Orderic Vitalis records that "Willelmo Pantol", after his return from Apulia, was accused of involvement in the murder of "Mabilia comitissa" [wife of Roger de Montgommery] by "militis Hugonis de Jalgeio" and had his lands confiscated by Roger de Montgommery[5]. Orderic Vitalis records a second journey to Apulia made by "Willelmus" after the death of William I King of England, after which he donated "unum manerium in Anglia…Traditona" [Trotton, Sussex] to "ecclesia B. Petri"[6]. Orderic Vitalis records that "idem Guillelmus" made another donation to "ecclesia B. Petri", with the consent of "Leelina uxore sua…tres filii eorum Philippus et Ivo et Arnulfus", in 1112, shortly before he died[7]. Orderic Vitalis records a second journey to Apulia made by "Willelmus" after the death of William I King of England, after which he donated "unum manerium in Anglia…Traditona" [Trotton, Sussex] to "ecclesia B. Petri"[8]. Orderic Vitalis records that "idem Guillelmus" made another donation to "ecclesia B. Petri", with the consent of "Leelina uxore sua…tres filii eorum Philippus et Ivo et Arnulfus", in 1112[9]. Orderic Vitalis records the death "XVI Kal Mai" of "Guillelmo Pantulfo"[10]. m LESCELINE, daughter of --- (-21 Sep, after 1112, bur Noron Saint-Pierre). Her marriage is confirmed by Orderic Vitalis who records the donations made by "Guillelmus miles cognomento Pantol" and later refers to "Willelmus et Leelina uxor eius"[11]. Orderic Vitalis records that "idem Guillelmus" made another donation to "ecclesia B. Petri", with the consent of "Leelina uxore sua…tres filii eorum Philippus et Ivo et Arnulfus", in 1112[12]. Orderic Vitalis records the death "XI Kal Oct" of "Guillelmo Pantulfo…Leelina uxor eius"[13]. William & his wife had four children:

a) PHILIP Pantulf . Orderic Vitalis records that "idem Guillelmus" made another donation to "ecclesia B. Petri", with the consent of "Leelina uxore sua…tres filii eorum Philippus et Ivo et Arnulfus", in 1112, commenting that Philip inherited his father´s patrimony "in Normannia"[14]. Orderic Vitalis records that "Philippus et Robertus ac Ivo et Arnulfus, filii eorum" had not increased the donations of their parents since they died[15].

b) ROBERT Pantulf (-after 1130). Orderic Vitalis records that "idem Guillelmus" made another donation to "ecclesia B. Petri", with the consent of "Leelina uxore sua…tres filii eorum Philippus et Ivo et Arnulfus", in 1112, commenting that "filii eius…Rodbertus" inherited his father´s property "in Anglia"[16]. Orderic Vitalis records that "Philippus et Robertus ac Ivo et Arnulfus, filii eorum" had not increased the donations of their parents since they died[17]. The 1130 Pipe Roll records "Hugo Malbaeng" accounting "pro placito Duelli inter eum et Robertum Pantulf"[18]. m ---. The name of Robert´s wife is not known. Robert & his wife had [two] children:

i) [IVO Pantulf (-after [1175/76]). Eyton records that Robert had a son named Ivo, ancestor of the later Pantulf family, but he does not cite the primary source on which the information is based[19]. Ivo´s date of death indicates that he was not the same person as Ivo, son of William Pantulf.]

- see below.

ii) [ALEXANDER Pantulf (-after [1175/76]). "Ivo Pantul" donated "terram…Hida…ad manerium Hales" to Haughmond abbey, with the consent of "Willielmi filii Alani", by undated charter (dated to [1175/76]) witnessed by "Ivone capellano, Alexandro fratre meo, Waltero Meverello, Radulpho Diablo"[20].]

c) IVO Pantulf Orderic Vitalis records that "idem Guillelmus" made another donation to "ecclesia B. Petri", with the consent of "Leelina uxore sua…tres filii eorum Philippus et Ivo et Arnulfus", in 1112[21]. Orderic Vitalis records that "Philippus et Robertus ac Ivo et Arnulfus, filii eorum" had not increased the donations of their parents since they died[22].

d) ARNULF Pantulf . Orderic Vitalis records that "idem Guillelmus" made another donation to "ecclesia B. Petri", with the consent of "Leelina uxore sua…tres filii eorum Philippus et Ivo et Arnulfus", in 1112[23]. Orderic Vitalis records that "Philippus et Robertus ac Ivo et Arnulfus, filii eorum" had not increased the donations of their parents since they died[24].

2. HELVISE . Her parentage is confirmed by Orderic Vitalis who records the donations made by "Guillelmus miles cognomento Pantol" and also that "Helvis soror eiusdem Guillelmi" donated "totum mariagium suum de Alberi-Vico" to "S. Petro"[25]. same person as…? daughter . Assuming that "nepotem" in the passage from Orderic Vitalis, quoted below, indicates nephew, it is likely that Robert de Cordai was the son of a sister of William Pantulf. If that is correct, it is also possible that he was the son of William´s sister Helvise, who is the only sibling mentioned in the same source. m --- de Cordai, son of ---. One child:

a) ROBERT de Cordai (-after 1077). Orderic Vitalis records that "Willelmum Pantol et Rodbertum de Cordaio nepotem suum" accompanied "Rodbertus…abbas, frater Hugonis de Grentemaisnilio" to Apulia in 1077[26].

IVO Pantulf, son of [ROBERT Pantulf & his wife ---] (-after [1175/76]). Eyton records that Robert had a son named Ivo, ancestor of the later Pantulf family, but he does not cite the primary source on which the information is based[27]. Ivo´s date of death indicates that he was not the same person as Ivo, son of William Pantulf. "…Ivo Pantulf…" witnessed the charter dated to [1130] under which "Nicolaus filius Roberti de Stafford et Robertus primogenitus et heres meus" donated "ecclesiam Sancti Wlfadi de Stanis" to Kenilworth priory[28]. A charter of King Henry III dated 4 Apr 1266 records donations to Cumbermere, including the donation of “Clivam” made by “Yvonis Pantulph et Bricii filii sui”[29]. "Ivo Pantul" donated "terram…Hida…ad manerium Hales" to Haughmond abbey, with the consent of "Willielmi filii Alani", by undated charter (dated to [1175/76]) witnessed by "Ivone capellano, Alexandro fratre meo, Waltero Meverello, Radulpho Diablo"[30]. The 1175/76 Pipe Roll records "Willelmus Purcel et Gaudefridus de Codewalton homines Yvonis Pantolf" accounting in Staffordshire[31].

[m firstly ---. No direct confirmation has been found of this supposed first marriage. However, the charter quoted below which names Ivo´s wife Alice names her two sons, which suggests that Ivo´s oldest son and heir was not her son.]

m [secondly] ALICE de Verdun, daughter of [NORMAN de Verdun & his wife Lesceline de Clinton]. Her marriage is confirmed by the undated charter under which "Normannus Panton" confirmed to "Ranulpho de Tetesworth" the rights granted by "Alicia de Verdon mater mea, consensu Willi Panton fratis mei" in "villa de Rudierd"[32]. Her precise parentage is not known, but both the chronology and the name of her son suggest that Alice was probably the daughter of Norman de Verdun.

Ivo & his [first] wife had three children:

1. HUGH Pantulf (-before 28 Dec 1224). Eyton records that Hugh Pantulf confirmed his father´s donation to Shrewsbury abbey, with his wife Christiana, by charter dated to the early 13th century, witnessed by "Robert Corbet and his son Robert, Ivo Pantulf…"[33]. Sheriff of Shropshire 1179-1189. A charter, dated to the end of King Henry II´s reign, records the sale of "terram…de Wogheresforlong et de Dorfaut" (presumably dated to [1176/79]), in the presence of "Hugone Pantun, Hamelino fratre eius, Bricio fratre eius", its later donation to Haughmond abbey and a subsequent dispute, witnessed by "…Hugone Panton tunc vicecomitis…"[34]. "Herveius Bagot" reached agreement with "Thomam de Erdinton", including releasing the latter from marrying "filiæ primogenitæ nostræ Hawisiæ, vel alterius filiæ nostræ, vel tertiæ", with the consent of "dominæ Milisandæ uxoris meæ", by charter dated to [1197], witnessed by "Willelmo filio Alani, Hugone Pantolfe, Roberto Corbet, Johanne Extraneo, Radulfo Basset…William Bagot…"[35]. m (before [3 Mar/24 Jun] 1170) CHRISTIANA, daughter of WILLIAM FitzAlan & his [first/second] wife [Christiana ---/Isabel de Say]. Her parentage and marriage are confirmed by reading several documents together: firstly, under a charter dated [3 Mar/24 Jun] 1170, Henry II King of England authorised deduction from the FitzAlan estates of revenue from the manor of Badminton "which the king had assigned as the marriage portion of William fitz Alan´s daughter"; secondly, Hugh Pantulf donated his rights in the church of Badminton to Lilleshall abbey by charter dated to [1215/18]; thirdly, Hugh Pantulf names his wife "Christiana" in a donation to Shrewsbury abbey[36]. It is assumed that Christiana was William´s daughter by his first marriage because of her name, but this is not beyond all doubt. Hugh & his wife had five children:

a) WILLIAM Pantulf of Wem (-[1232/4 Feb 1233]). "…William, Alan and Hugh, sons of Hugh Pantulf…" witnessed an undated charter under which Robert Corbet donated tithes to Shrewsbury abbey[37]. m (before Jan 1226) HAWISE, daughter of FULF FitzWarin [III] & his first wife Matilda le Vavasour. The Legend of Fulk Fitz Warin names "Hauwyse, qe pus fust dame de Wemme" as the first daughter of "Fouke" and his wife "dame Mahaud de Caus"[38]. William & his wife had two children:

i) MATILDA Pantulf (-[1286/92]). m firstly (before 1243) RALPH Le Botiler, son of --- (-3 Jul 1281). m secondly as his --- wife, WALTER de Hopton, son of --- (-1305).

ii) ELIZABETH Pantulf .

b) IVO Pantulf . Eyton records that Hugh Pantulf confirmed his father´s donation to Shrewsbury abbey, with his wife Christiana, by charter dated to the early 13th century, witnessed by "Robert Corbet and his son Robert, Ivo Pantulf…"[39].

c) ALAN Pantulf . "…William, Alan and Hugh, sons of Hugh Pantulf…" witnessed an undated charter under which Robert Corbet donated tithes to Shrewsbury abbey[40].

d) HUGH Pantulf . "…William, Alan and Hugh, sons of Hugh Pantulf…" witnessed an undated charter under which Robert Corbet donated tithes to Shrewsbury abbey[41].

e) R--- Pantulf (-before 1 Nov 1203). An order dated 1 Nov 1203 records that King John appointed a new chaplain for "capella nostra de Bruges" previously held by "Ulger et deinde R. fil Hug Pantolf"[42].

2. HAMELIN Pantulf (-after [1176/79]). A charter, dated to the end of King Henry II´s reign, records the sale of "terram…de Wogheresforlong et de Dorfaut" (presumably dated to [1176/79]), in the presence of "Hugone Pantun, Hamelino fratre eius, Bricio fratre eius", its later donation to Haughmond abbey and a subsequent dispute, witnessed by "…Hugone Panton tunc vicecomitis…"[43].

3. BRICE Pantulf (-after [1176/79]). A charter, dated to the end of King Henry II´s reign, records the sale of "terram…de Wogheresforlong et de Dorfaut" (presumably dated to [1176/79]), in the presence of "Hugone Pantun, Hamelino fratre eius, Bricio fratre eius", its later donation to Haughmond abbey and a subsequent dispute, witnessed by "…Hugone Panton tunc vicecomitis…"[44]. A charter of King Henry III dated 4 Apr 1266 records donations to Cumbermere, including the donation of “Clivam” made by “Yvonis Pantulph et Bricii filii sui”[45].

Ivo & his [second] wife had two children:

4. WILLIAM Pantulf of Cublesdon and Hales . "Normannus Panton" confirmed to "Ranulpho de Tetesworth" the rights granted by "Alicia de Verdon mater mea, consensu Willi Panton fratis mei" in "villa de Rudierd" by undated charter[46].

5. NORMAN Pantulf . "Normannus Panton" confirmed to "Ranulpho de Tetesworth" the rights granted by "Alicia de Verdon mater mea, consensu Willi Panton fratis mei" in "villa de Rudierd" by undated charter[47].

6. WILLIAM Pantulf . m ELEANOR de Percy, daughter of JOSCELIN de Louvain & his wife Agnes de Percy. The primary source which confirms her parentage and marriage has not yet been identified.

7. WILLIAM Pantulf of Breedon-on-the-Hill, Leicestershire . m JOAN de Goldington, daughter of ---. William & his wife had one child:

a) ISOLDA Pantulf (-before Jul 1223). "Isolda q fuit ux Walteri de Baskvill" paid a fine for "dote sua" in Leicestershire, dated 1213[48]. "Isolda Biset" paid a fine for "villa de Magorham…Henr Biset quondam vir suus…habuit" in Wiltshire, dated 9 Dec 1213[49]. m firstly HUGH de Montpinçon, son of ---. m secondly WALTER de Tattershall, son of ROBERT [de Tattershall] & his wife Isabel --- (-[1199/1200]). m thirdly WALTER de Baskerville, son of --- (-before Oct 1213). m fourthly (1213) HENRY Bisset, son of MANASSER Bisset & his wife Alice --- (-1213). m fifthly AMAURY de Saint-Amand, son of ---.

Chapter 2. PAYNELL

The early generations of this family have been reconstructed from secondary sources, which appear reliable but do not cite the corresponding primary sources. The individuals are shown below in square brackets. The result appears convincing, but should not be taken as the final answer.

A. PAYNELL FAMILIES of MOÛTIERS-HUBERT (NORMANDY), DRAX and HOOTON (YORKSHIRE)

[Two] brothers:

1. [WILLIAM Paynell (-[1087]). Ellis says that "it is all but certain that [Ralph Paynel] was a younger son of the seigneur of Moûtiers-Hubert near Lisieux, and had been with his elder brother William at the battle of Hastings", adding that "William returned to Normandy"[50]. He appears to base this on the Chronique de Normandie, based on le Roman de Rou, which names "Paomiel [which Ellis transcribes as "Painals"] de Moustier-Hubert" among those who took part in the conquest of England in 1066[51], but he cites no source which names William. Ellis also states that William "died about 1087" but does not cite the primary sources on which he bases his statement[52].] m ---. The name of William´s wife is not known. William & his wife had two children:

a) [WILLIAM Paynell of Moûtiers-Hubert (-after [1145]). Ellis names "William Paynel of Moûtiers-Hubert and Fulk Paynel of Dudley" as the sons of William Paynell Seigneur de Moûtiers-Hubert, without citing the primary sources on which he bases his supposition[53]. On the other hand, Domesday Descendants amalgamates this William Paynell of Moûtiers-Hubert with William Paynell of Drax (see below), stating that the daughter of William FitzWimund was his first wife, while Avice de Rumilly was his second wife[54]. More work is needed on the precise pattern of inheritance of the different properties held by the Paynell family before it can be assessed which version may be correct. "Villelmus Paganellus" founded the abbey of Hambie, with the consent of "filiorum meorum Hugonis et Fulconis, et Thomæ et Ioannis", by undated charter, dated to [1145][55].] m [--- d´Avranches, daughter of WILLIAM FitzWimund d´Avranches & his wife ---. Her parentage and marriage are shown in the Complete Peerage, presumably because her supposed brother Robert d´Avranches is described as avunculus of her son Fulk Paynell[56], but the primary source on which this is based has not yet been identified.] William & his wife had four children:

i) HUGH Paynell of Moûtiers-Hubert (-1180 or before). "Villelmus Paganellus" founded the abbey of Hambie, with the consent of "filiorum meorum Hugonis et Fulconis, et Thomæ et Ioannis", by undated charter, dated to [1145][57]. The Red Book of the Exchequer records enfeoffments in the duchy of Normandy in [1172], "Hugo Paganellus" with five knights and six knights in his own service[58]. m NICOLE, daughter of ---. She is named in the Complete Peerage, but the primary source on which the information is based has not yet been identified[59]. Hugh & his wife had one child:

(a) PIERRE Paynell of Moûtiers-Hubert and West Rasen, Lincolnshire (-1184). He and three generations of his descendants are shown in the Complete Peerage[60].

(1) HUGH Paynell (-1244). The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Hugo Paynel" holding 3 knights´ fees "de Draxe" in Yorkshire and 5 in Lincolnshire in [1210/12][61].

ii) FULK [I] Paynell of Hambye and Bréhal, Normandy and Drax, Yorkshire (-1182). "Villelmus Paganellus" founded the abbey of Hambie, with the consent of "filiorum meorum Hugonis et Fulconis, et Thomæ et Ioannis", by undated charter, dated to [1145][62]. "…Folqueio Painel…" confirmed the charter dated to [1180/82] under which Henry II King of England confirmed a donation to the abbey of Hambie by "Philippus de Columbariis"[63].

- PAYNELL of HAMBYE.

iii) THOMAS Paynell . "Villelmus Paganellus" founded the abbey of Hambie, with the consent of "filiorum meorum Hugonis et Fulconis, et Thomæ et Ioannis", by undated charter, dated to [1145][64].

iv) JEAN Paynell . "Villelmus Paganellus" founded the abbey of Hambie, with the consent of "filiorum meorum Hugonis et Fulconis, et Thomæ et Ioannis", by undated charter, dated to [1145][65].

b) [FULK Paynell (-after 1129). Ellis names "William Paynel of Moûtiers-Hubert and Fulk Paynel of Dudley" as the sons of William Paynell Seigneur de Moûtiers-Hubert, without citing the primary sources on which he bases his supposition[66]. Domesday Descendants does not specify Fulk´s parentage[67]. The 1130 Pipe Roll records "Fulco Paenell" in Staffordshire[68].]

- PAYNELL of DUDLEY, WORCESTERSHIRE.

2. RALPH Paynell (-after 1088). Ellis says that "it is all but certain that [Ralph Paynel] was a younger son of the seigneur of Moûtiers-Hubert near Lisieux, and had been with his elder brother William at the battle of Hastings"[69]. He appears to base this on the Chronique de Normandie, based on le Roman de Rou, which names "Paomiel [which Ellis transcribes as "Painals"] de Moustier-Hubert" among those who took part in the conquest of England in 1066[70]. He held Drax, Yorkshire and Irnham, Lincolnshire in Domesday book[71]. Sheriff of Yorkshire 1088[72]. A charter of King Henry II records donations to York St Mary, including the donation of land “in Millingtona et in Hugeth…et…in Howald” by “Radulphus Painel”[73]. "Hugh de Beauchamp, Ralph Paganel" witnessed the charter dated to [1094/1100] under which William II King of England granted a market to St Mary of Thorney[74]. [m firstly ---. This supposed earlier marriage is suggested by the Complete Peerage which states that land held by Ralph Paynell as a Domesday tenant-in-chief, including Drax in Yorkshire, Irnham in Lincolnshire, and manors in Somerset and Devon, passed "to his son William, presumably by an earlier marriage"[75].] m [secondly] MAUD, daughter of [RICHARD de Surdeval & his wife ---]. The Complete Peerage states that land in Yorkshire, including the manor of Hooton (Paynell), were acquired by Ralph Paynell "through his marriage to Maud, presumed to be daughter of Richard de Surdeval"[76]. Ralph & his [first] wife had one child:

a) WILLIAM Paynell of Drax (-[1147]). He inherited Drax, Yorkshire and Irnham, Lincolnshire from his father[77]. The 1130 Pipe Roll records "Wills Paenell" in Yorkshire, Northumberland[78]. "…Willelmo Paganello…" witnessed the charter dated to [1142/46] under which "M. imperatrix, Henrici regis filia et Anglorum domina et Henricus filius comitis Andegavie" confirmed the rights of "Unfrido de Buhun" in the lands he held on the death of her father[79]. m as her second husband, AVICE de Rumilly, widow of WILLIAM de Courcy, daughter of WILLIAM FitzRanulf du Bessin, of Skipton-in-Craven & his wife Cecily de Rumilly (-[1179][80]). An undated manuscript relating to Croxton Abbey, Leicestershire records that “Avicia de Romely domina de Bescaudeby” married ”Willielmum Paynel”, and had “filium Willielmum de Curci et filiam Aliciam”[81]. “Avicia de Romelli” notified her donation to the canons of Drax, for the soul of “Willelmi Paganelli mariti mei”, with the consent of “domini Roberti de Gant et Adelicie filie mee uxoris eiusdem Roberti”, by charter dated to [1147/52], witnessed by “Robertus de Gant et Adelicia Paganella uxor eius et Adelicia soror Roberti de Gant…”[82]. She married thirdly (before 1153) Walter de Percy. William & his wife had one child:

i) ALICE Paynell . An undated manuscript relating to Croxton Abbey, Leicestershire records that “Aviciam de Romely…unicam filiam Aliciam” married ”Roberto de Ganth”[83]. The primary source which confirms her first marriage has not yet been identified. “Avicia de Romelli” notified her donation to the canons of Drax, for the soul of “Willelmi Paganelli mariti mei”, with the consent of “domini Roberti de Gant et Adelicie filie mee uxoris eiusdem Roberti”, by charter dated to [1147/52], witnessed by “Robertus de Gant et Adelicia Paganella uxor eius et Adelicia soror Roberti de Gant…”[84]. “R de Gaunt” donated property to Bridlington convent, for the souls of “comitis Gilberti…et…Adeliz uxoris mee et Aviz filie mee” by charter dated to [1156/75][85]. “Robertus de Gaunt et Aeliz Paganella uxor sua et Avicia filia eorum” donated property to the hospital of St John of Jerusalem by charter dated to [1166/77], witnessed by “…Henrico de Gaunt…”[86]. A charter of King Richard I dated 7 Sep 1189 confirmed donations to Vaudey abbey among which by “Robertus de Gant et Alizia Painell uxor eius”[87]. m firstly RICHARD de Courcy, son of ROBERT de Courcy & his wife ---. m secondly as his first wife, ROBERT de Gand, son of WALTER de Gand & his wife Maud de Bretagne (-[1191/92], bur Vaudey Abbey).

Ralph & his [second] wife had two children:

b) JORDAN Paynell of Hooton . The 1130 Pipe Roll records "Jordan Paenell" in Yorkshire, Northumberland[88]. He inherited the manor of Hooton (Paynell) in Yorkshire from his mother but died childless[89].

c) ALEXANDER Paynell of Hooton . Bracton records a claim, dated 1220, by "Eustachius de Greinuilla" against "Priorem S. Trinitatis Ebor" for "ecclesiam de Bertona…aduocacionem", reciting that the land was held by "Willelmi Paynel…Radulfus Paynel qui fundavit ecclesiam…Alexandri Painel filii et heredis ipsius Radulfi…Willelmi filii Alexandri Paynel…Frechesante filie ipsius Willelmi"[90]. He inherited the manor of Hooton (Paynell) in Yorkshire from his brother Jordan[91]. m AGNES, daughter of ROBERT Fossard & his wife Osceria ---. “Agnes Fossard, filia Roberti Fossard” donated property to the canons of Nostell, with the consent of “Willelmi Fossardi fratris mei”, by charter dated to [1147/53][92]. Alexander & his wife had [three] children:

i) WILLIAM Paynell (-after 1194, maybe after 1205). “Agnes Fossard” donated property to the canons of Nostell by charter dated to [1147/53] which names “Willelmo Painel filio suo”[93]. “Willelmus Painel” donated property to the canons of Nostell by charter dated to [1154/81][94]. The Red Book of the Exchequer refers to "Willelmus Paganellus vii l" in Yorkshire in [1161/62][95]. The Red Book of the Exchequer refers to "Willelmus Paganell xv l, de novo xx s" in Yorkshire in [1171/72][96]. The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1190/91], records "Willelmus Paganellus" paying "vii l x s, xv milites" in Yorkshire[97]. The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1194/95], records "Willelmus Paganellus" paying "xv l, xv milites" in Yorkshire[98]. ["Willelmus Painnell" paid a fine for "saisina de tercia parte ville de Westrasen quem Petrus Painnell fratrer eius ei dedit" in Lincolnshire, pledging guarantors in Yorkshire, dated 1205[99].] Bracton records a claim, dated 1220, by "Eustachius de Greinuilla" against "Priorem S. Trinitatis Ebor" for "ecclesiam de Bertona…aduocacionem", reciting that the land was held by "Willelmi Paynel…Radulfus Paynel qui fundavit ecclesiam…Alexandri Painel filii et heredis ipsius Radulfi…Willelmi filii Alexandri Paynel…Frechesante filie ipsius Willelmi"[100]. m FRETHESANT, daughter of --- (-after 1219). The Testa de Nevill includes a list of landholdings in Yorkshire, dated 1219, which includes "Frethesanth que fuit uxor Willelmi Paynel", adding that "Henricus de Novo Mercato eam habet", holding land in "Rydal" as well as "filia Isabelle sororis Frethesanth predicte…Eustachius de Greinvill eam habet"[101]. William & his wife had two children:

(a) FRETHESANT (-after 1220). "Henry de Neufmarché" paid a fine for "having as his wife Frethesenta who was the wife of Geoffrey Luttrell, if she wishes", dated to [1217/18][102]. The Testa de Nevill includes a list of landholdings in Yorkshire, dated 1219, which includes "Frethesanth que fuit uxor Willelmi Paynel", adding that "Henricus de Novo Mercato eam habet", holding land in "Rydal" as well as "filia Isabelle sororis Frethesanth predicte…Eustachius de Greinvill eam habet"[103]. The Testa de Nevill includes a list of landholdings in Yorkshire, dated 1219, which includes "Frethesaunte Paynel uxoris Henrici de Nov Mercato" holding land at Stratford[104]. Bracton records a claim, dated 1220, by "Eustachius de Greinuilla" against "Priorem S. Trinitatis Ebor" for "ecclesiam de Bertona…aduocacionem", reciting that the land was held by "Willelmi Paynel…Radulfus Paynel qui fundavit ecclesiam…Alexandri Painel filii et heredis ipsius Radulfi…Willelmi filii Alexandri Paynel…Frechesante filie ipsius Willelmi"[105]. m (before 26 Feb 1204) GEOFFREY Luttrell of Gamston and Bridgeford, Nottinghamshire (-[1216/17]). m secondly ([Oct 1217/Oct 1218]) HENRY de Neufmarché, son of HENRY de Neufmarché & his wife Denise de Tilly (-1239 or before).

(b) ISABEL . The primary source which confirms her parentage and marriage has not yet been identified. m WILLIAM Bastard, son of ---.

ii) [PETER Painell (-before 1205). "Willelmus Painnell" paid a fine for "saisina de tercia parte ville de Westrasen quem Petrus Painnell fratrer eius ei dedit" in Lincolnshire, pledging guarantors in Yorkshire, dated 1205[106]. It is possible that Peter was the brother of William Paynell who was established in Yorkshire, although this would imply a long life considering the other sources quoted above in which he is named.]

iii) [daughter . The 1194/95 Pipe Roll records "Robertus de Busci" owing in Yorkshire "pro habenda…maritagio uxoris sue sororis Willelmi Painelli"[107]. It is not known whether this William Paynell was the son of Alexander Paynell. m ROBERT de Buscy, son of ---.]

1. RALPH Paynell (-after [1141/42]). "…Rad Paganell…" witnessed the charter dated [Jul 1141/Dec 1142] under which Empress Matilda permitted "Milon com Heref" to hold the castle and honour of Abergavenny, from "Bri fil com et Matild de Walengeford uxor sue"[108]. "…Radulfo Paganello…" witnessed the charter dated to [1142/46] under which "M. imperatrix, Henrici regis filia et Anglorum domina et Henricus filius comitis Andegavie" confirmed the rights of "Unfrido de Buhun" in the lands he held on the death of her father[109].

B. PAYNELL FAMILIES of HAMBYE

FULK [I] Paynell of Hambye and Bréhal, Normandy and Drax, Yorkshire, son of WILLIAM Paynell de Moûtiers-Hubert & his wife [--- d´Avranches] (-1182). "Villelmus Paganellus" founded the abbey of Hambie, with the consent of "filiorum meorum Hugonis et Fulconis, et Thomæ et Ioannis", by undated charter, dated to [1145][110]. "…Folqueio Painel…" confirmed the charter dated to [1180/82] under which Henry II King of England confirmed a donation to the abbey of Hambie by "Philippus de Columbariis"[111]. The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1190/91], records "feoda Fulkonis Paingnel" paying "xx s…ii milites" in Yorkshire[112].

m LESCELINE de Subligny Dame du Grippon, daughter of HASCULF de Subligny & his wife Denise d´Avranches (-1198 or after). "Guillelmus…episcopus" confirmed donations to the abbey of Hambie made by "Lescelina de Subligny uxor Fulconis Paganelli", by undated charter, dated to [1145][113]. Her parents are named in the Complete Peerage, but the primary source on which the information is based has not yet been identified[114]. Fulk & his wife had five children:

1. WILLIAM Paynell . “Fulcodius Paganellus” donated property to Tykford Priory by undated charter, witnessed by “Gervasius Paganellus et uxor eius comitissa Isabella et Robertus Paganellus eorum filius, et Willielmus Paganellus prædicti Fulcodii frater…”[115]. “Gervasius Paganellus” donated property to Tykford Priory, with the consent of “uxoris meæ Isabellæ comitissæ de Norhamton”, by charter dated 1187 which names “Fulcodius Paganellus avus meus et Radulfus Paganellus pater meus”, witnessed by “Simone comite Northamptoniæ, Isabella comitissa matre eius…Fulcone Paganello, Wilielmo fratre eius…Wilielmo Paganello et Bernardo filio eius…”[116].

2. FULK [II] Paynell (-after 25 Jun 1215). “Fulcodius Paganellus” donated property to Tykford Priory by undated charter, witnessed by “Gervasius Paganellus et uxor eius comitissa Isabella et Robertus Paganellus eorum filius, et Willielmus Paganellus prædicti Fulcodii frater…”[117]. “Gervasius Paganellus” donated property to Tykford Priory, with the consent of “uxoris meæ Isabellæ comitissæ de Norhamton”, by charter dated 1187 which names “Fulcodius Paganellus avus meus et Radulfus Paganellus pater meus”, witnessed by “Simone comite Northamptoniæ, Isabella comitissa matre eius…Fulcone Paganello, Wilielmo fratre eius…Wilielmo Paganello et Bernardo filio eius…”[118]. King John pardoned "Fulcon Painell" and agreed the marriage between "filium eius Willelmum" and "filia Radi Teysum primogenitam" by charter dated 25 Jun 1215[119]. m (after Jun 1187) as her second husband, AGATHA du Hommet, widow of GUILLAUME de Fougères, daughter of RICHARD du Hommet & his wife Agnes de Say. Her first marriage and parentage are confirmed by the Chronicon Savigniacensis Monasterii which records the death "XVIII Kal Jul" in 1212 of "Gaufridus dominus Filgeriarum, filius Willelmi et Agathæ, filiæ Willelmi de Humeto"[120]. Her second marriage is indicated by the charter dated Mar [1230/31] under which “Fulco Paganelli” gave security to Louis IX King of France on behalf of “Radulpho de Filgeriis nepoti meo” relating to “terram suam in Normannia”[121]. Fulk & his wife had one child:

a) WILLIAM Paynell . King John pardoned "Fulcon Painell" and agreed the marriage between "filium eius Willelmum" and "filia Radi Teysum primogenitam" by charter dated 25 Jun 1215[122]. m (after 25 Jun 1215) PERNELLE Taisson, daughter of RAOUL Taisson & his wife . A document dated 27 Jul 1381 in litigation in the Paris parliament records that the oldest of the three daughters of "Raoul Tesson sire de la Roche Tesson, de Tuit, Tury, Fontenay le Marmion" was married "au sire de Hambye"[123]. King John pardoned "Fulcon Painell" and agreed the marriage between "filium eius Willelmum" and "filia Radi Teysum primogenitam" by charter dated 25 Jun 1215[124]. She obtained the fiefs of Percy and Haineville under the inheritance of her father[125].

3. HASCULF Paynell (-after 1208). "Hasculf Painel" paid a fine for property "in baillis ballos de insulis Gernes et Geres et aliarum insularum", dated 1208[126].

4. JOHN Paynell .

5. WILLIAM Paynell .

C. PAYNELL FAMILIES of DUDLEY (WORCESTERSHIRE)

FULK Paynell, son of [WILLIAM Paynell of Moûtiers-Hubert & his wife ---] (-after 1129). Ellis names "William Paynel of Moûtiers-Hubert and Fulk Paynel of Dudley" as the sons of William Paynell Seigneur de Moûtiers-Hubert, without citing the primary sources on which he bases his supposition[127]. Domesday Descendants does not specify his parentage[128]. The 1130 Pipe Roll records "Fulcoius Paenell" paying half a fine relating to his suit against "Rogerum Parlarium" in Staffordshire[129]. “Gervasius Paganellus” donated property to Tykford Priory, with the consent of “uxoris meæ Isabellæ comitissæ de Norhamton”, by charter dated 1187 which names “Fulcodius Paganellus avus meus et Radulfus Paganellus pater meus”[130].

m [BEATRIX, daughter of WILLIAM FitzAnsculf of Dudley & his wife ---]. Domesday Descendants states that Fulk Paynell "acquired the fief of William fitz Ansculf de Picquigny lord of Dudley, Worcestershire, probably by marriage to William´s heiress (?daughter)"[131]. Ellis is more definite, naming "Beatrix, d. and heiress of Will. fitz Ansculph, of Dudley" as the wife of Fulk Paynell, without citing the primary sources on which he bases his supposition[132]. Grazebrook comments that "it has…been suggested, and I think with great probability" that Fulk Paynell acquired the lordship of Dudley "by marriage with Fitz Ansculph´s heiress"[133]. This last quote indicates that the connection is speculative and is not based on any primary source. Until more information comes to light, this supposed wife of Fulk is shown in square brackets.

Fulk & his wife had [two] children:

1. RALPH Paynell (-before [1160]). “Gervasius Paganellus” donated property to Tykford Priory, with the consent of “uxoris meæ Isabellæ comitissæ de Norhamton”, by charter dated 1187 which names “Fulcodius Paganellus avus meus et Radulfus Paganellus pater meus”[134]. m ---. The name of Ralph´s wife is not known. Ralph & his wife had two children:

a) GERVASE Paynell (-before Sep 1194). “G. Painel”, considering the proposal of “Radulfi Painel patris mei”, founded Dudley priory, for the salvation of “Isabellæ uxoris meæ et Roberti filii mei”, by undated charter (dated by Dugdale to "before 1161"), witnessed by "…Radulpho de Sumeri…"[135]. Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record the knights fees held from "Gervasius Paganellus" in Staffordshire[136]. The Red Book of the Exchequer refers to "Gervasius Paganellus i m" in Staffordshire in [1167/68][137]. The Red Book of the Exchequer records enfeoffments in the duchy of Normandy in [1172], "Gervasius Paganellus" with one knight "de baillia de Basseis" and four knights in his own service[138]. “Gervasius Paganellus” donated property to Tykford Priory, with the consent of “uxoris meæ Isabellæ comitissæ de Norhamton”, by charter dated 1187 which names “Fulcodius Paganellus avus meus et Radulfus Paganellus pater meus”, witnessed by “Simone comite Northamptoniæ, Isabella comitissa matre eius…Fulcone Paganello, Wilielmo fratre eius…Wilielmo Paganello et Bernardo filio eius…”[139]. Baron of Dudley, Worcestershire. The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1190/91], records "Gervasius Paganellus" paying "lxxix s ii d" in Buckinghamshire, Bedfordshire and "xxv l, i milites" in Staffordshire[140]. “Fulcodius Paganellus” donated property to Tykford Priory by undated charter, witnessed by “Gervasius Paganellus et uxor eius comitissa Isabella et Robertus Paganellus eorum filius, et Willielmus Paganellus prædicti Fulcodii frater…”[141]. The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1194/95], records "de his qui non habent capitales honores…Gervasii Paganelli" paying "xx s" in Oxfordshire and in Buckinghamshire, Bedforshire[142]. m (after 1153) as her second husband, ISABELLE de Beaumont, widow of SIMON de Senlis Earl of Huntingdon, daughter of ROBERT de Beaumont Earl of Leicester & his wife Amicie de Gaël . Robert of Torigny refers to the wife of "Symone comite Huntedoniæ" as "filia Roberti comitis Legecestriæ" but does not name her[143]. Her second marriage is confirmed by charter dated 1187 under which “Gervasius Paganellus” donated property to Tykford Priory, with the consent of “uxoris meæ Isabellæ comitissæ de Norhamton”, which names “Fulcodius Paganellus avus meus et Radulfus Paganellus pater meus”, witnessed by “Simone comite Northamptoniæ, Isabella comitissa matre eius”[144]. “G. Painel”, considering the proposal of “Radulfi Painel patris mei”, founded Dudley priory, for the salvation of “Isabellæ uxoris meæ et Roberti filii mei”, by undated charter (dated by Dugdale to "before 1161")[145]. “Fulcodius Paganellus” donated property to Tykford Priory by undated charter, witnessed by “Gervasius Paganellus et uxor eius comitissa Isabella et Robertus Paganellus eorum filius, et Willielmus Paganellus prædicti Fulcodii frater…”[146]. Gervase & his wife had one child:

i) ROBERT Paynell (-before 1194). “G. Painel”, considering the proposal of “Radulfi Painel patris mei”, founded Dudley priory, for the salvation of “Isabellæ uxoris meæ et Roberti filii mei”, by undated charter (dated by Dugdale to "before 1161")[147]. “Fulcodius Paganellus” donated property to Tykford Priory by undated charter, witnessed by “Gervasius Paganellus et uxor eius comitissa Isabella et Robertus Paganellus eorum filius, et Willielmus Paganellus prædicti Fulcodii frater…”[148].

b) HAWISE Paynell . “Hawys Paganella” confirmed donations to Tykford Priory by "Johannes de Sumeri vir meus" by undated charter, witnessed by “Radulfo de Sumeri filio meo”[149]. Smyth records that Roger paid a fine to marry "Hawisia mother of Raph de Somery" in [1196/97][150]. “Hawis Paynel” donated property to Tykford Priory, with the consent of “domini mei Rogeri de Berkele”, for the soul of “Gervasii Paynel fratris mei”, by undated charter[151]. m firstly JOHN de Somery, son of --- (-[1191/92]). m secondly ([1196/97]) ROGER de Berkeley, son of NICHOLAS de Berkeley & his wife [Alice de Teckenham] (-1230).

2. [AGNES Paynell (-18 Nov, after 1155). The manuscript history of the Bruce family of Carleton records that “primus Brus de Carleton…Robertus de Brus” married “Agnetam filiam Fulconis Paynell” and received “manerium de Carleton” from his father-in-law[152]. The primary source which confirms that Agnes´s father was Fulk Paynell of Staffordshire has not yet been identified. “Robertus de Brus…Agnes uxor mea, filiusque noster Adam de Brus” donated property to Middlesburgh priory by undated charter[153]. “Robertus de Brus…et Agnes uxor mea et Adam filius noster” founded Gisburne Priory, Yorkshire by undated charter[154]. The 1155 Pipe Roll records "Agnes de Bruis…p filio suo"[155]. A charter of King Henry II, dated to [1176/86], confirmed donations to the canons of Gisburne, among which a donation by “Agnetis uxoris Roberti de Brus”[156]. The obituary of Gisburne priory records the death “XIV Kal Dec” of "Agnetis Brus uxoris fundatoris nostri"[157]. m ROBERT [I] de Brus, son of --- (-11 May 1141, bur Gisburne Priory).]

D. PAYNELL FAMILIES of BAMPTON (DEVONSHIRE)

It is probable that William Paynell was another son of Fulk Paynell of Dudley, shown above, but the primary source which confirms that this is correct has not yet been identified.

1. WILLIAM Paynell (-[before 1199]). m JULIANA de Bampton, daughter of ROBERT de Bampton & his wife Emma ---. “Fulcodius Paganellus de Bahantune” donated property to Tykford Priory, for the souls of “patris mei Willielmi Paganelli et matris meæ Julianæ de Bahantune…”, by undated charter[158]. William & his wife had two children:

a) FULK Paynell of Bampton, Devonshire . "Fulco Painel" paid a fine for "honore de Banton" in Devonshire, dated 1199[159]. The Rotulus Cancellarii records "Folqueius Painel…honoris de Banton" owing in Devonshire, dated [27 May 1201/26 May 1202][160]. “Fulcodius Paganellus de Bahantune” donated property to Tykford Priory, for the souls of “patris mei Willielmi Paganelli et matris meæ Julianæ de Bahantune et Aldæ uxoris meæ et filiorum meorum Willielmi et Fulcodii, filiarumque mearum Julianæ et Christianeæ”, by undated charter subscribed by “Willielmo Paganello fratre meo, Stephano de Bahamtune, Alberto de Bahamtune”[161]. “Fulcodius Paganellus” donated property “ecclesiam Hunespill in Brentemares” to Tykford Priory by undated charter, witnessed by “Gervasius Paganellus et uxor eius comitissa Isabella et Robertus Paganellus eorum filius, et Willielmus Paganellus prædicti Fulcodii frater…”[162]. m ADA [Alda], daughter of ---. “Fulcodius Paganellus de Bahantune” donated property to Tykford Priory, for the souls of “…Aldæ uxoris meæ…”, by undated charter[163]. Fulcoald & his wife had four children:

i) WILLIAM Paynell . “Fulcodius Paganellus de Bahantune” donated property to Tykford Priory, for the souls of “…Aldæ uxoris meæ et filiorum meorum Willielmi et Fulcodii, filiarumque mearum Julianæ et Christianeæ”, by undated charter subscribed[164]. “Willielmus Paynel, filius Fulconis Paynell de Bamtone”, with the consent of “Willielmo Briwere et hæredibus suis”, confirmed the donation of property “totum manerium de Burgh Walteri” to Tykford Priory by “Fulco Paynel pater meus”, by undated charter, witnessed by “Reginaldo de Mohun, Ricardo Briwere”[165].

ii) FULK Paynell . “Fulcodius Paganellus de Bahantune” donated property to Tykford Priory, for the souls of “…Aldæ uxoris meæ et filiorum meorum Willielmi et Fulcodii, filiarumque mearum Julianæ et Christianeæ”, by undated charter subscribed[166].

iii) JULIANA Paynell . “Fulcodius Paganellus de Bahantune” donated property to Tykford Priory, for the souls of “…Aldæ uxoris meæ et filiorum meorum Willielmi et Fulcodii, filiarumque mearum Julianæ et Christianeæ”, by undated charter subscribed[167].

iv) CHRISTIANA Paynell . “Fulcodius Paganellus de Bahantune” donated property to Tykford Priory, for the souls of “…Aldæ uxoris meæ et filiorum meorum Willielmi et Fulcodii, filiarumque mearum Julianæ et Christianeæ”, by undated charter subscribed[168].

b) WILLIAM Paynell . “Fulcodius Paganellus de Bahantune” donated property to Tykford Priory by undated charter subscribed by “Willielmo Paganello fratre meo…”[169]. “Fulcodius Paganellus” donated property to Tykford Priory by undated charter, witnessed by “Gervasius Paganellus et uxor eius comitissa Isabella et Robertus Paganellus eorum filius, et Willielmus Paganellus prædicti Fulcodii frater…”[170].

E. OTHER PAYNELL FAMILIES

Two brothers and [one sister], parents not known:

1. JORDAN Paynell . "Walter de Gaunt" founded Bridlington priory, with the assent of Henry I King of England, by undated charter, witnessed by "…Jordan Paganel…"[171]. "W. de Gaunt" donated land at Besingby to Bridlington priory by undated charter, witnessed by "…Jordan Painel, Hugh his brother, W. de Mundevill his nepote…"[172]. "Jordan Paynel" notified the donation by "Jertrudis my wife" to Bridlington priory of land in Bridlington "of her dower which Robert de Masinlio her former husband had given her", with the permission of "Stephen her son and heir", by undated charter[173]. The following charter in the compilation records the donation of "Stephen de Menyl", presumably Jordan´s stepson named in the earlier document, dated 1267, which suggests that the former charter should be dated to [1240/60]. However, this dating is incorrect, as shown by the charter of Henry I King of England under which he confirmed donations to Bridlington priory, including by “Jordan Paganl” for the soul of “Geretrud his wife” and the grant of "Stephen de Maynil his stepson"[174]. m as her second husband, GERTRUDE, widow of ROBERT de Meynill, daughter of ---. "Jordan Paynel" notified the donation by "Jertrudis my wife" to Bridlington priory of land in Bridlington "of her dower which Robert de Masinlio her former husband had given her", with the permission of "Stephen her son and heir", by undated charter[175]. Henry I King of England confirmed donations to Bridlington priory, including by “Jordan Paganl” for the soul of “Geretrud his wife” and the grant of "Stephen de Maynil his stepson", by undated charter[176].

2. HUGH Paynell . "W. de Gaunt" donated land at Besingby to Bridlington priory by undated charter, witnessed by "…Jordan Painel, Hugh his brother, W. de Mundevill his nepote…"[177].

3. [BEATRIX Paynell . Her parentage and marriage are assumed from the undated charter under which "W. de Gaunt" donated land at Besingby to Bridlington priory, witnessed by "…Jordan Painel, Hugh his brother, W. de Mundevill his nepote…"[178]. “Walterus de Amundevill…et mater mea Beatrix” founded Ellesham Prioryby charter dated to before 1166 witnessed by “Willielmo, Elia, Radulfo, Adam de Amundevilla fratribus meis…Willielmo de Amundevilla…”[179]. m --- de Amundeville, son of ---.]

1. ADAM Paynell (-after [Mar] 1216). The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1194/95], records "Adam Paganellus" paying "xx s, i militem" in Lincolnshire[180]. "Adam Paynel" paid a fine for the liberation of "Adam nepotem suum" as hostage, dated [Mar] 1216[181]. m ---. The name of Adam´s wife is not known. Adam & his wife had one child:

a) --- Paynell . m ---. One child:

i) ADAM (-after [Mar] 1216). "Adam Paynel" paid a fine for the liberation of "Adam nepotem suum" as hostage, dated [Mar] 1216[182].

1. WILLIAM Paynell (-after 25 Aug 1227). The Testa de Nevill includes a writ of King John dated 1212 which names "Willelmus Pahienel pro hereditate que fuit uxoris sue iv milites" among the tenants of the honour of Wallingford[183]. "William Paynel and Sara his wife" donated property "in Watlinton" to Oseney abbey dated 25 Aug 1227[184]. m SARAH, daughter of --- (-after 25 Aug 1227). The Testa de Nevill includes a writ of King John dated 1212 which names "Willelmus Pahienel pro hereditate que fuit uxoris sue iv milites" among the tenants of the honour of Wallingford[185]. "William Paynel and Sara his wife" donated property "in Watlinton" to Oseney abbey dated 25 Aug 1227[186].

2. WILLIAM Paynell (-1228). m (after 1213) as her second husband, ALICE Briwere, widow of REYNOLD de Mohun of Dunster, Somerset, daughter of WILLIAM Briwere & his wife Beatrice ---. Her parentage and second marriage are confirmed by a writ dated 2 Jan "33 Hen III", after the death of her son "William Paynel alias Painel" which names the manor of "…Huffeculm…with 10 l land which Fulk Painel gave to William Briwer the elder…but afterwards William Brewer the younger…bestowed the said land upon William Painel, father of this one, in free marriage with Alice his sister" in Devon[187]. William & his wife had [two] children:

a) WILLIAM Paynell (-before 2 Jan 1249). A writ dated 2 Jan "33 Hen III", after the death of "William Paynel alias Painel" names "Lady Auda wife of John de Balun, age variously stated as 30 and more and 40, is his heir" and the manors of "Baunton which he gave to John de Hockeford 15 days before he died, Huffeculm…with 10 l land which Fulk Painel gave to William Briwer the elder…but afterwards William Brewer the younger…bestowed the said land upon William Painel, father of this one, in free marriage with Alice his sister" in Devon[188].

b) [AUDE ([1209/10]-1261). A writ dated 2 Jan "33 Hen III", after the death of "William Paynel alias Painel" names "Lady Auda wife of John de Balun, age variously stated as 30 and more and 40, is his heir"[189]. The document does not specify the relationship between the deceased and his heir, but it appears that she was too old to have been his daughter so was probably his sister. Aude´s age in this document is inconsistent with the marriage date of her supposed parents as shown above, but may have been exaggerated. m JOHN de Ballon, son of JOHN de Ballon & his first wife --- (-1275).]

3. WILLIAM Paynell (-before 18 Nov 1228). The king granted custody of "the land and heir of William Paynel to Herbert son of Matthew", saving to "Alice who was William´s wife…her…dower", dated 18 Nov 1228[190]. m ALICE de Mohun, daughter of ---. "William Paynel" assigned "Alice de Mohun his wife and Hugh de Samford" to make part payments of debts "in each of the three years after starting out on his pilgrimage to the Holy Land" with the manor of Bampton as security, dated 27 Sep, although listed in the roll among other fines dated [Feb/Mar] 1228[191]. William & his wife had one child:

a) --- Paynell (before Nov 1228-). The king granted custody of "the land and heir of William Paynel to Herbert son of Matthew", saving to "Alice who was William´s wife…her…dower", dated 18 Nov 1228[192].

Chapter 3. PECCHE

1. WILLIAM Pecche (-after 1086). Domesday Book records William Pecche as under-tenant in Essex, Suffolk and Norfolk[193]. The Chronicon Rameseiensis records the donations made by "Willelmo Peche", dated 17 Jun 1088, naming "uxor…eius quam hodie habet…Alfwen"[194]. A charter dated 28 May 1228 of "Hamo Pecche" names "Willelmus pater ipsius Hamonis…et Elwina uxor sua"[195]. m firstly ---. The wording of the Chronicon Rameseiensis which records the donations made by "Willelmo Peche" and names "uxor…eius quam hodie habet…Alfwen" suggests strongly that William was married previously[196]. m secondly ÆLFWIN, daughter of ---. The Chronicon Rameseiensis records the donations made by "Willelmo Peche", dated 17 Jun 1088, naming "uxor…eius quam hodie habet…Alfwen"[197]. A charter dated 28 May 1228 of "Hamo Pecche" names "Willelmus pater ipsius Hamonis…et Elwina uxor sua"[198]. m thirdly ISILIA, daughter of --- & his wife Jenita ---. Hamo Pecche confirmed the donations to St Edmund´s abbey by his grandmother Jenita and his mother Isilia by charter dated to [1121/48], witnessed by Isilia[199]. William & his third wife had two children:

a) HAMO Pecche (-[29 Sep 1178/29 Sep 1185]). Hamo Pecche confirmed the donations to St Edmund´s abbey by his grandmother Jenita and his mother Isilia by charter dated to [1121/48], witnessed by Isilia[200]. A Ramsey charter dated 28 May 1228 of "Hamo Pecche" names "Willelmus pater ipsius Hamonis…et Elwina uxor sua"[201]. "Hamo Peeche and his wife and their son Geoffrey" donated a third part of Crugelton and Slepe to Shrewsbury abbey by charter dated to [1161/72][202]. Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record that "Hamo Peccatum" held three knights´ fees from the bishop of Ely in Suffolk, and also records the knights´ fees held from "Hamo Peccatum" in Cambridgeshire[203]. The Red Book of the Exchequer refers to "Hamo Peccatum xii l xiii s v d" in Cambridgeshire in [1167/68][204]. m ALICE Peverel, daughter of ROBERT Peverel & his wife Adelicia --- (-after 29 Sep 1188). A manuscript history of the foundation of Barnwell Priory names “quatuor sorores…Pagani filias…primogenita Mathildis de Doure…Alicia…Roisia…Ascelina” as the heiresses of “Gul. Peverell filius Pagani”, adding that Alice married “Hamonis Feche senioris” by whom she had “filii et filiæ, primogenitus…Gilbertus Pecche primus et secundus…Gaufridus Pecche” and lists their descendants[205]. The Liber Memorandorum Ecclesie de Bernewelle names "Aelicia" as one of the three sisters of "Willelmi Peuerel" who inherited the share of their oldest sister Matilda, the text indicating that she was the oldest of the surviving sisters, adding that she married "Hamonis Peche senioris" by whom she had "filii et filie"[206]. Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record that "Willelmus Paverel" gave two knights´ fees "in franco maritagio…cum sorore sua" to "Hamo Peccatum" in Suffolk[207], and by the undated charter under which "Gilbertus Peccatum" confirmed donations of land "in Harcalua" held by "Matildis de Dovre amita mea"[208]. Hamo & his wife had three children:

i) GEOFFREY Pecche (-before 29 Sep 1188). The Liber Memorandorum Ecclesie de Bernewelle names "Gilbertus Peche primus…secundus…Galfridus Pecche" as the sons of "Hamonis Peche senioris" and his wife, adding that Geoffrey donated "ecclesiam de Harlestone" to Barnwell priory[209]. A charter dated 28 May 1228, which records that "Hamo Pecche" requested land of "Gilbertus Pecche pater suus" from the abbot of Ramsey, and that "Hamo Pecche avus suus" had "duos filios…Gilbertum […post nato] et Galfridum", indicates that Geoffrey was the older son[210]. "Hamo Peeche and his wife and their son Geoffrey" donated a third part of Crugelton and Slepe to Shrewsbury abbey by charter dated to [1161/72][211]. m as her second husband, ---, widow of RICHARD de Coleham, daughter of ---. The Rotuli de Dominabus of 1185 records that “Gaufridus Pecche” married “Ricardus de Coleka…uxorem suam”[212].

ii) GILBERT Pecche (-before 9 Jul 1212). The Liber Memorandorum Ecclesie de Bernewelle names "Gilbertus Peche primus…secundus…Galfridus Pecche" as the sons of "Hamonis Peche senioris" and his wife[213]. A charter dated 28 May 1228, which records that "Hamo Pecche" requested land of "Gilbertus Pecche pater suus" from the abbot of Ramsey, and that "Hamo Pecche avus suus" had "duos filios…Gilbertum […post nato] et Galfridum", indicates that Gilbert was the younger son[214].

- see below.

iii) MATILDA Pecche ([1134/36]-after 1185). Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record that "Hamo Peccatum" gave two knights´ fees in Suffolk, which came to his wife as dowry, to "Baldewini de Rovecestria cum filia mea in maritagio"[215]. The Rotuli de Dominabus of 1185 records property “in Haselingfeld” held by “Matillis Pecche que fuit filia Hamonis Pecche…XI infants de tribus maritus…L annorum” and "Radulfus de Rovecestria…heres eius"[216]. m firstly BALDWIN de Rochester, son of ---. m secondly ---. m thirdly ---. Matilda & her first husband had one child:

(a) RALPH de Rochester (-after 1186). The Rotuli de Dominabus of 1185 records property “in Haselingfeld” held by “Matillis Pecche que fuit filia Hamonis Pecche…XI infants de tribus maritus…L annorum” and "Radulfus de Rovecestria…heres eius"[217].

Matilda & her [first/second/third] husbands had ten children:

(b) ten other children. The Rotuli de Dominabus of 1185 records property “in Haselingfeld” held by “Matillis Pecche que fuit filia Hamonis Pecche…XI infants de tribus maritus…L annorum” and "Radulfus de Rovecestria…heres eius"[218].

b) BASILIA Pecche (-after 1166). Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record that "Basilia soror mea" held one knight´s fee in "Marcelay" from "Hamo Peccatum" in Suffolk[219].

1. SIMON Pecche (-after 1196). The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1194/95], records "Simone Peche" paying for "quartam partem militem" in Essex, Herefordshire[220]. The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1196/97], records "Simon Peche" paying "v s, quartam partem militis" in Essex, Hertfordshire[221].

1. NICHOLAS Pecche (-after 1204). "Nicol Pecche" paid a fine for "Johannes filius Hugonis hat custodia Rad Pecche fratris predicti Nicol" in Berkshire, dated 1204[222].

2. RALPH Pecche (-after 1204). "Nicol Pecche" paid a fine for "Johannes filius Hugonis hat custodia Rad Pecche fratris predicti Nicol" in Berkshire, dated 1204[223].

GILBERT Pecche, son of HAMO Pecche & his wife Alice Peverel (-before 9 Jul 1212). The Liber Memorandorum Ecclesie de Bernewelle names "Gilbertus Peche primus…secundus…Galfridus Pecche" as the sons of "Hamonis Peche senioris" and his wife[224]. A charter dated 28 May 1228, which records that "Hamo Pecche" requested land of "Gilbertus Pecche pater suus" from the abbot of Ramsey, and that "Hamo Pecche avus suus" had "duos filios…Gilbertum […post nato] et Galfridum", indicates that Gilbert was the younger son[225]. The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1190/91], records "Gilbertus Peccatum" paying "ix l x s x d" in Cambridgeshire, Huntingdonshire and "feoda Gilberti Peccatum" paying "xl s, iv milites" in Norfolk, Suffolk[226]. "Gillb Peche" and Ramsey abbey are named in a lawsuit at Westminster in 1194[227]. The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1194/95], records "Gilbertus Peche" paying "xix l xx d…[et] ii m et dimidiam de honore de Brunne" in Cambridgeshire, Huntingdonshire[228]. "Gilbt Pecche" paid a fine for "manerii de Chavel", dated 1199[229]. The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Gilbertus Peccatum" holding two knights´ fees in Kent, and four in Cambridgeshire, Huntingdonshire "in Ramptone, Herlestone, Madinglega, Lellewarthe, Cotenham et Baintone", together with 17 others in the same counties, in [1210/12][230].

m ALICE FitzWalter, daughter of WALTER FitzRobert Lord of Dunmow, Essex & his first wife Matilda de Lucy (-after 1213). An order dated 21 Jul 1213 records that "Alic Pechie" gave "Aliciam filiam suam" as a hostage when "Roberti filii Walteri fratris sui" was freed[231].

Gilbert & his wife had two children:

1. HAMO Pecche (-Palestine 1241, bur Barnwell). The Liber Memorandorum Ecclesie de Bernewelle names "Hamon Pecche" as son of "Gilberto"[232]. A charter dated 28 May 1228 records that "Hamo Pecche" requested land of "Gilbertus Pecche pater suus" from the abbot of Ramsey, and that "Hamo Pecche avus suus" had "duos filios…Gilbertum […post nato] et Galfridum" and names "Willelmus pater ipsius Hamonis…et Elwina uxor sua"[233]. The Liber Memorandorum Ecclesie de Bernewelle records that "Hamon Pecche" died "in terra sancta" and buried at Barnwell[234]. m EVA, daughter of --- (-8 Jan [after 1241], bur Barnwell). The Liber Memorandorum Ecclesie de Bernewelle records that "Hamon Pecche", son of "Gilberto", married "Euam, de partibus transmarinis oriundam" (without further specifying her place of origin)[235]. The Liber Memorandorum Ecclesie de Bernewelle records that "Eua senex" was buried at Barnwell, the wording suggesting that she outlived her husband[236]. A later passage in the same source records that she died "tercio die post Epiphaniam" and was buried next to her husband by three of her sons who tried to hide her will[237]. Hamo & his wife had six children:

a) GILBERT Pecche (-25 May 1291). The Liber Memorandorum Ecclesie de Bernewelle names "Gilbertus primogenitus, Hamon, Hugo, Robertus, Thomas et Willelmus" as the children of "Hamon Pecche" and his wife[238]. The Liber Memorandorum Ecclesie de Bernewelle records the death 25 May 1291 of "Gilbertus Pecche"[239]. m firstly MATILDA de Hastings, daughter of [HENRY de Hastings & his wife Ada of Huntingdon [Scotland] (-London [1264/65], bur Sainte-Marie ---). The Liber Memorandorum Ecclesie de Bernewelle names "Matildis de Hastinges" as the first wife of "dominus Gilbertus Pecche", adding that she died in London and was buried "in ecclesia canonicorum beate Marie ultra aquam" as burial in England was not possible because of "perturbacionem que tunc erat" (suggesting her death in [1264/65][240]. The Complete Peerage suggests that she was one of the three (unnamed) unmarried daughters of Henry de Hastings who are mentioned as living on Henry´s death in 1250[241]. m secondly as her second husband, JOAN de Grey, widow of RICHARD de Dover Lord of Chilham, Kent, daughter of SIMON de Grey & his wife ---. The Liber Memorandorum Ecclesie de Bernewelle names "filiam domini Symonis de Creye…Johanna" as the second wife of "dominus Gilbertus Pecche", adding that she had "filios et filias"[242]. Gilbert & his first wife had two children:

i) JOHN Pecche (-killed 1274). The Liber Memorandorum Ecclesie de Bernewelle names "Johannem…Pecche primogenitum et Eadmundum fratrem suum" as the children of "dominus Gilbertus Pecche"[243].

ii) EDMUND Pecche . The Liber Memorandorum Ecclesie de Bernewelle names "Johannem…Pecche primogenitum et Eadmundum fratrem suum" as the children of "dominus Gilbertus Pecche"[244].

Gilbert & his second wife had one child:

iii) GILBERT Pecche (-before 26 Jun 1322). He was summoned to Parliament from 1299 whereby he is held to have become Lord Pecche. m ISEULT, daughter of ---.

- LORDS PECCHE (of Bourn)[245].

b) HAMO Pecche . The Liber Memorandorum Ecclesie de Bernewelle names "Gilbertus primogenitus, Hamon, Hugo, Robertus, Thomas et Willelmus" as the children of "Hamon Pecche" and his wife, adding that Hamo was "clericus ecclesiis"[246].

c) HUGH Pecche . The Liber Memorandorum Ecclesie de Bernewelle names "Gilbertus primogenitus, Hamon, Hugo, Robertus, Thomas et Willelmus" as the children of "Hamon Pecche" and his wife[247]. m as her second husband, IDA Hastings, widow of STEPHEN de Segrave, daughter of WILLIAM de Hastings & his first wife Margery Bigod of Norfolk (-before 2 Mar 1289, bur London, Church of the Grey Friars).

d) ROBERT Pecche . The Liber Memorandorum Ecclesie de Bernewelle names "Gilbertus primogenitus, Hamon, Hugo, Robertus, Thomas et Willelmus" as the children of "Hamon Pecche" and his wife[248].

e) THOMAS Pecche . The Liber Memorandorum Ecclesie de Bernewelle names "Gilbertus primogenitus, Hamon, Hugo, Robertus, Thomas et Willelmus" as the children of "Hamon Pecche" and his wife[249].

f) WILLIAM Pecche (-bur Barnwell). The Liber Memorandorum Ecclesie de Bernewelle names "Gilbertus primogenitus, Hamon, Hugo, Robertus, Thomas et Willelmus" as the children of "Hamon Pecche" and his wife, adding that William was buried at Barnwell[250].

2. ALICE Pecche (-after 21 Jul 1213). An order dated 21 Jul 1213 records that "Alic Pechie" gave "Aliciam filiam suam" as a hostage when "Roberti filii Walteri fratris sui" was freed[251].

Chapter 4. PEVEREL

A. PEVEREL FAMILIES of HATFIELD, ESSEX and NOTTINGHAM

1. RANULF Peverel of Hatfield, Essex . m INGELRICA, daughter of INGELRIC & his wife --- (-[1100]). Dugdale records that Ingelrica, wife of Ranulf Peverell "who had been mistress to King William the Conqueror…is stated to have founded…in the time of King William Rufus a college of secular canons dedicated to St Mary Magdalen" at Hatfield Peverell which she entered and stayed until her death "about the year 1100"[252]. He does not reproduce the primary source which provides the basis for this information. Eyton says that, according to Dugdale, her relationship with William (then Duke of Normandy) predated her marriage and that he was the father of her son William Peverel[253]. Ranulf & his wife had [three] children:

a) WILLIAM Peverel (-28 Jan 1114). Orderic Vitalis records that William I King of England gave custody of Nottingham castle to William Peverel when it was built in 1068[254]. A charter of King Henry II records donations to York St Mary, including the donation of land “in Rudstan” by “Willielmus de Peverel”[255]. “…Willelmo Peverello…” witnessed the charter dated Sep 1093 under which William II King of England donated property to Lincoln cathedral[256]. Henry I King of England confirmed the donation of the church of Lenton to Cluny, by charter dated to [1103/14], which records “Willelmo Peverello cum uxore sua Adaleida et filio suo Willelmo” as founders of the church and is subscribed by “Mathildis regine, Willelmi Pevrelli de Notingaham, Adeline sue uxoris, Willelmi Pevrelli filii illorum, Ro[berti] comitis Mellentis, Gisleberti de Aquila…Roberti fratris Willelmi Pevrelli, Simonis comitis, Stephani comitis de Alber”[257]. “Robertus de Laceio” founded Pontefract Priory, for the soul of “Hylberti patris mei et Hawisiæ matris meæ”, by undated charter witnessed by “W. Peverel…”[258]. The Cartulary of the Priory of St James, Northampton records the death “V Kal Feb” of “Willi Peverell fundatoris”[259]. m ADELINE, daughter of ---. Henry I King of England confirmed the donation of the church of Lenton to Cluny, by charter dated to [1103/14], which records “Willelmo Peverello cum uxore sua Adaleida et filio suo Willelmo” as founders of the church and is subscribed by “… Willelmi Pevrelli de Notingaham, Adeline sue uxoris, Willelmi Pevrelli filii illorum…”[260]. The 1130 Pipe Roll records "Adeline mat[ri Will Peur] de Noting" in Nottinghamshire, Derbyshire[261]. The Cartulary of the Priory of St James, Northampton records the death “XIV Kal Feb” of “Adelyne uxis ei” (immediately after that of “Willi Peverell fundatoris”)[262]. William & his wife had four children:

i) ADELISE ([1075/80]-after 27 May 1156). "Adeliz de Redveris" donated property to the abbey of Loders, Dorset, for the souls of "patris mei…Willelmi Pevrel de Notingeham…et matris mee Adeline", with the consent of "filiorum Baldewini et Willelmi de Vernone et Roberti de ---…et nepotum meorum Ricardi de Reveris, Henrici atque Willelmi", by undated charter, witnessed by "…Stephanus de Magnevilla…Willelmus Avenel…"[263]. Her husband´s name is confirmed by another charter under which “Adeliz de Reviers” donated property to “abbatie sancte Marie Monteburgi”, for the soul of “domini mei Ricardi de Reviers”, also undated[264]. The chronology of her descendants suggests that she must have been born not later than [1075/80]. "Adeliza de Reviers" wrote to Goscelin Bishop of Salisbury, by charter dated to [1142/55], notifying him of her donation to the abbey of Sainte-Marie, Montebourg of property which "her father William Peverel of Nottingham" gave with her to "Richard de Reviers"[265]. m RICHARD de Reviers, son of GUILLAUME de Vernon & his wife Emma [de Crépon] (-8 Sep 1107, bur Abbey de Montebourg).

ii) WILLIAM Peverel (-1100). The Cartulary of the Priory of St James, Northampton records the death “XVI Kal Mai 1111” of “Willi filii dci dni Willi Peverell”, another manuscript recording the year as 1100[266]. Assuming that the death date of his father and the estimated birth date range of his sister Adelise are both correct, it is unlikely that 1111 could have been the correct year of William´s death, considering that his parents had another son named William who was presumably born after he died.

iii) MATILDA Peverel (-after 1129). The 1130 Pipe Roll records "Mathildi sorori Willi Peur de Noting" in Northamptonshire[267].

iv) WILLIAM Peverel ([1100/05]-after 1155). Henry I King of England confirmed the donation of the church of Lenton to Cluny, by charter dated to [1103/14], which records “Willelmo Peverello cum uxore sua Adaleida et filio suo Willelmo” as founders of the church and is subscribed by “… Willelmi Pevrelli de Notingaham, Adeline sue uxoris, Willelmi Pevrelli filii illorum…”[268]. Considering the likely estimated birth date of William´s sister Adelise, it is unlikely that William could have been born much later than the earliest years in the 12th century. This therefore suggests that “Willelmi Pevrelli filii illorum” in the charter dated to [1103/14] could not refer to the older brother of this William Peverel junior, whose death is recorded elsewhere (see above). The 1130 Pipe Roll records "Wills Peur de Noting" in Nottinghamshire, Derbyshire in respect of "Forest"[269]. King Stephen named “Willielmo Peverello juniori cum uxore sua Oddona et filio suo Henrico” in his charter relating to Lenton Priory[270]. Ralph de Diceto records that "Willelmus Peverel de Notingeham" was disinherited in 1155 for poisoning "Ranulfo comiti Cestriæ"[271]. The 1156 Pipe Roll records "Willi Peurelli de Notingen" in Nottinghamshire, with a revenue of ₤175, and the 1157 Pipe Roll "Willi Peurelli" in Nottinghamshire[272]. In 1155, Henry II King of England confiscated the properties of William Peverel, who retired to a monastery[273]. m firstly ODDONA, daughter of ---. King Stephen named “Willielmo Peverello juniori cum uxore sua Oddona et filio suo Henrico” in his charter relating to Lenton Priory[274]. m secondly ([1140/45]) [as her first husband,] AVISE de Lancaster, daughter of --- (-after 1149). “Avisia de Lancastria, uxor Willielmi Peverel” donated property to Derley Priory by undated charter[275]. The Complete Peerage which speculates that the wife of William Peverel was Hawise, daughter of Roger de Montgommery Lord of Lancaster & his wife Almodis Ctss de la Marche[276]. This is not an ideal fit. Her supposed father Roger was banished from England in 1102 and retired to La Marche, so it is unclear why Hawise would have been described as “de Lancastria” in a charter which must have been dated about 40 years later. In any case, the chronology is also unfavourable. It is unlikely that the wife of Roger de Montgommery, Almodis de la Marche, was born much later than 1070, given the known chronology of her family, which means that her children would have been born before 1110 at the latest. On the other hand, it is likely that William Peverel´s second marriage should be dated to the early 1140s at the earliest, as his first wife is named in one of the charters of Stephen King of England (who succeeded in 1135). Such a marriage date is late if his second wife was born in the early 1100s, and impossible assuming that his widow was the same person who married Richard de Morville and had children by him in the late 1150s. According to Domesday Descendants, she married secondly Richard de Morville (no corresponding primary source cited)[277]. The primary source which confirms that the widow of William Peverel was the same person who remarried Richard de Morville has not yet been identified. Domesday Descendants states that the wife of Richard de Morville was Havise de Lancaster, daughter of William de Lancaster (no corresponding primary source cited)[278]. As can be seen from the chronology of William de Lancaster´s known wife Gundred de Warenne, this affiliation would only be possible if Hawise had been born from an otherwise unrecorded earlier marriage. On the other hand, the onomastics are favourable, as each succeeding generation of this "de Lancaster" family included a Hawise de Lancaster. William & his first wife had [two] children:

(a) HENRY Peverel . King Stephen named “Willielmo Peverello juniori cum uxore sua Oddona et filio suo Henrico” in his charter relating to Lenton Priory[279].

(b) [MARGARET ([1123/26]-). “Robertus comes de Ferrariis” granted property “in Stebbingis…per Margaretam comitissam uxorem meam” to Morice FitzGeoffrey by charter dated “VI Kal Oct IV anno imperii Regis Stephani” (1139)[280]. Her parentage is suggested by the charter of John King of England which names “Willelmo de Ferrariis comiti” as heir to territories of “Willelmi Peverell”[281]. If this parentage is correct, Margaret is unlikely to have been born outside the narrow date range estimated above, which would also indicate that her marriage took place only shortly before the date of this charter. m (before 1139) ROBERT Ferrers Earl [of Derby], son of ROBERT de Ferrers Earl [of Derby] & his wife Hawise --- (-before 1160, bur Merevale Abbey).]

b) ROBERT Peverel (-after 1103). Henry I King of England confirmed the donation of the church of Lenton to Cluny, by charter dated to [1103/14], which records “Willelmo Peverello cum uxore sua Adaleida et filio suo Willelmo” as founders of the church and is subscribed by “…Roberti fratris Willelmi Pevrelli…”[282].

c) [RANULF Peverel (-after 27 Jan 1091). "…Ranulfus Peverellis…" witnessed the charter dated 27 Jan 1091 under which William II King of England confirmed the status of Bath abbey[283]. Assuming that the dates attributed to William, son of Ranulf Peverel, are correct as shown above, it is unlikely that Ranulf who witnessed this charter was William´s father. It is assumed therefore that he was another younger brother of William who is unrecorded elsewhere.]

1. MATILDA Peverel . Henry I King of England confirmed the donations of land "in corpore manerii de Plimtona" by "Bald de Ridveriis et Wido de Nunant et Robertus filius Martini et Matilda Peverel uxor sua" to Plympton priory, Devonshire by charter dated to [1121/35][284]. According to Domesday Descendants, Matilda was the daughter of Ranulf Peverel of Essex[285], but this appears unlikely to be correct if her husband´s date of death is correct as shown here. m as his first wife, ROBERT FitzMartin, son of MARTIN & his wife Geva de Burcy (-before 1159).

1. HENRY Peverel of Lund . m ---. The name of Henry´s wife is not known. Henry & his wife had two children:

a) HUGH Peverel of Lund . “Hugh Peuerel son of Henry Peuerel of Lund” donated land “in the field of Lund and of Edenham, lying upon Foxeberche” to Bridlington Priory by undated charter[286]. “Hugh Peuerel of Lund” donated revenue from Lund, to be received from “Agnes Peuerel the grantor´s sister”, to Bridlington Priory by undated charter[287].

b) AGNES Peverel . “Hugh Peuerel of Lund” donated revenue from Lund, to be received from “Agnes Peuerel the grantor´s sister”, to Bridlington Priory by undated charter[288].

B. PEVEREL FAMILIES of DOVER and BOURN, CAMBRIDGESHIRE

The connection between the following family sub-group and the Peverel family of Nottingham has not yet been ascertained. The precise reconstruction of the following family as shown below is approximate and depends on the co-identity of William Peverel of Bourne (named in the Thorney charter) with William Peverel of Dover (named in the Shrewsbury charters).

1. HAMO Peverel of Dover (-1138 or before). "…Willelmo Peurell Doure et Haimone Peurello et Ricardo Peurello…" witnessed the charter dated 1114 under which Henry I King of England granted the land of Roger de Worcester to Walter de Beauchamp[289]. "Stephanus comes Moritoni" confirmed the donation to Bec Sainte-Marie by "Willelmus Pevrellus de Dovra" with the consent of "fratrum suorum Hamonis et Pagani", by charter dated 1127[290]. The 1130 Pipe Roll records "Hamoni Peur" exempted in Staffordshire[291]. “Willielmus Peverellus de Douria” donated property “Wlurunton, Einardeseiam, Crugelton” granted to him by “Hamo Peverell patruus meus” to Shrewsbury abbey by undated charter[292]. "Hamo Paperellus" granted property "in Waletonia" to "Seburgæ filiæ meæ", dated to [1137/41][293]. “Willielmus Peverel de Brunne” donated property “in Wildene villa mea…Oddewic” to Thorney Monastery, for the souls of “avunculi mei Willielmi Peverel de Doure…patris mei Rodberti Peverel fratris sui, et Hamonis Peverel avunculi mei et…matris meæ Adeliciæ, et…Henrici Regis Angliæ” by undated charter[294]. [295]m SIBYL, daughter of GERARD de Tornay & his wife ---. Hamo had one [illegitimate] child by [an unknown mistress]:

a) SEBURGA . "Hamo Paperellus" granted property "in Waletonia" to "Seburgæ filiæ meæ", dated to [1137/41][296]. Eyton concludes that Seburga must have been illegitimate as she and her descendants held property as tenants of her father´s collateral heirs[297]. William FitzAlan confirms the foundation of Wombourne abbey by "Willielmi et uxoris eius Saburgæ de Hedlega et Alani eorum filii" by undated charter, dated to [1130/35][298]. m WILLIAM de Hadley, son of --- (-[1135/36]).

2. ROBERT [Payn] Peverel (-after 1127, bur Barnwell). His parentage is confirmed by the undated charter under which “Willielmus Peverel de Brunne” donated property “in Wildene villa mea…Oddewic” to Thorney Monastery, for the souls of “avunculi mei Willielmi Peverel de Doure…patris mei Rodberti Peverel fratris sui, et Hamonis Peverel avunculi mei et…matris meæ Adeliciæ, et…Henrici Regis Angliæ”[299]. The Liber Memorandorum Ecclesie de Bernewelle records that Henry I King of England granted the barony of "Roberto filio Pycoti" in Cambridgeshire to "suo familiari…Pagano Peuerel"[300]. A manuscript history of the foundation of Barnwell Priory names “Pagano Peverelle…militi”, in the time of Henry I King of England, as a donor to the priory in 1112[301]. The other references in the same source, quoted below, suggest that Payn must have been an alias of Robert Peverel. "Stephanus comes Moritoni" confirmed the donation to Bec Sainte-Marie by "Willelmus Pevrellus de Dovra" with the consent of "fratrum suorum Hamonis et Pagani", by charter dated 1127[302]. The Liber Memorandorum Ecclesie de Bernewelle records that "Pagani Peuerel" died just before ten years after the move of canons to Barnwell priory and was buried at Barnwell[303]. m ADELISA, daughter of ---. “Willielmus Peverel de Brunne” donated property “in Wildene villa mea…Oddewic” to Thorney Monastery, for the souls of “avunculi mei Willielmi Peverel de Doure…patris mei Rodberti Peverel fratris sui, et Hamonis Peverel avunculi mei et…matris meæ Adeliciæ, et…Henrici Regis Angliæ” by undated charter[304]. Robert & his wife had five children:

a) WILLIAM [II] Peverel of Bourne, later of Dover (-Palestine [1147/48]). The Liber Memorandorum Ecclesie de Bernewelle records that "Willelmus filius eius" succeeded on the death of "Pagano Peuerel" and confirmed his father´s donations to Barnwell priory and also donated "terre in Brunna"[305]. “Willielmus Peverel de Brunne” donated property “in Wildene villa mea…Oddewic” to Thorney Monastery, for the souls of “avunculi mei Willielmi Peverel de Doure…patris mei Rodberti Peverel fratris sui, et Hamonis Peverel avunculi mei et…matris meæ Adeliciæ, et…Henrici Regis Angliæ” by undated charter[306]. “Willielmus Peverellus de Douria” donated property “Wlurunton, Einardeseiam, Crugelton” granted to him by “Hamo Peverell patruus meus” to Shrewsbury abbey by undated charter, witnessed by "Walchelinus Maminot…"[307]. "…Willelmus Pevrel de Dovra…" subscribed a charter dated 8 Aug 1111 under which Henry I King of England confirmed the episcopate of Somerset at Bath[308]. "…Willelmo Peurell Doure et Haimone Peurello et Ricardo Peurello…" witnessed the charter dated 1114 under which Henry I King of England granted the land of Roger de Worcester to Walter de Beauchamp[309]. "Walkelinus Maminot" donated Bradford mill to Haughmond abbey by charter dated to [1141/48], witnessed by "Rogerio filio Warini et Fulcone fratre suo, Stephano de Haia et Michaele fratre suo", and "Willielmus Peverel de Dovera" also donated Bradford mill, donated by "dominus Walchelinus Maminot" for the soul of "Rogeri de Haia", witnessed by "…Matilla mea conjuge, Matilla de Dovera mea sorore, Acelina mea sorore…"[310]. The Gesta Stephani Regis records that "Willelmus…de Dovre" opposed King Stephen during the civil war and joined the crusade during which her was killed, dated from the context to [1147][311]. A manuscript history of the foundation of Barnwell Priory records that “Gul. Peverell filius Pagani” confirmed his father´s donations but died childless in Jerusalem[312]. The Liber Memorandorum Ecclesie de Bernewelle records that "Willelmus [Peuerel]" died in Jerusalem leaving as his heirs "quatuor sorores…Pagani filias"[313]. m MATILDA, daughter of ---. "Willielmus Peverel de Dovera" donated Bradford mill, donated by "dominus Walchelinus Maminot" for the soul of "Rogeri de Haia", to Haughmond abbey by charter dated to [1141/48], witnessed by "…Matilla mea conjuge, Matilla de Dovera mea sorore, Acelina mea sorore…"[314].

b) MATILDA (-before 1185). A manuscript history of the foundation of Barnwell Priory names “quatuor sorores…Pagani filias…primogenita Mathildis de Doure…Alicia…Roisia…Ascelina” as the heiresses of “Gul. Peverell filius Pagani”, adding that Matilda died childless[315]. The Liber Memorandorum Ecclesie de Bernewelle names "Matildis de Doure" as oldest of the four sisters of "Willelmi Peuerel" adding that she died "sine herede" and that her share in her brother´s inheritance was divided between her three sisters[316]. "Willielmus Peverel de Dovera" donated Bradford mill, donated by "dominus Walchelinus Maminot" for the soul of "Rogeri de Haia", to Haughmond abbey by charter dated to [1141/48], witnessed by "…Matilla mea conjuge, Matilla de Dovera mea sorore, Acelina mea sorore…"[317]. "…Mathilde uxore mea…" signed the charter dated to [1151/53] under which "Hugo de Chileham filius Fulberti de Dofora" donated the church of Chilham to the abbey of Saint-Bertin, for the souls of "patris mei Fulberti et matris mee Adelit…et Matildis uxoris mee"[318]. "William Fitz Warin of Burwasley" witnessed the charter dated to [1161/72] under which "Hugh de Dover and Matilda his wife" restored property to Shrewsbury abbey[319]. m HUGH de Dover of Chilham, Kent, son of FULBERT de Dover & his wife Adelaide --- (-[1167/72]).

c) ALICE (-after 1185). A manuscript history of the foundation of Barnwell Priory names “quatuor sorores…Pagani filias…primogenita Mathildis de Doure…Alicia…Roisia…Ascelina” as the heiresses of “Gul. Peverell filius Pagani”, adding that Alice married “Hamonis Feche senioris” by whom she had “filii et filiæ, primogenitus…Gilbertus Pecche primus et secundus…Gaufridus Pecche” and lists their descendants[320]. The Liber Memorandorum Ecclesie de Bernewelle names "Aelicia" as one of the three sisters of "Willelmi Peuerel" who inherited the share of their oldest sister Matilda, the text indicating that she was the oldest of the surviving sisters, adding that she married "Hamonis Peche senioris" by whom she had "filii et filie"[321]. Her parentage and marriage are further confirmed by Hamon, her husband, recording in 1166 that William Peverel “gave him two knights´ fees in frank marriage with his sister”[322], and by the undated charter under which "Gilbertus Peccatum" confirmed donations of land "in Harcalua" held by "Matildis de Dovre amita mea"[323]. m HAMO Pecche, son of WILLIAM Pecche & his second wife Isilia --- (-[1168/85]).

d) ROHESE . A manuscript history of the foundation of Barnwell Priory names “quatuor sorores…Pagani filias…primogenita Mathildis de Doure…Alicia…Roisia…Ascelina” as the heiresses of “Gul. Peverell filius Pagani”, adding that Rohese was mother of “Albreda de Harecourt”, mother of “Galfridus Trussebut…et tres sorores…Roysia, Hillaria et Agatha”[324]. The Liber Memorandorum Ecclesie de Bernewelle names "Roysia" as second of the three sisters of "Willelmi Peuerel" who inherited the share of their oldest sister Matilda, adding that "de illa processit Albreda de Harecurt"[325]. m IVO d´Harcourt, son of ROBERT d´Harcourt & his wife --- (-after 1166).

e) ASCELINE (-before 1190). A manuscript history of the foundation of Barnwell Priory names “quatuor sorores…Pagani filias…primogenita Mathildis de Doure…Alicia…Roisia…Ascelina de Waterville” as the heiresses of “Gul. Peverell filius Pagani”, adding that Asceline was mother of “duæ filiæ…Ascelina de Waterville et Matildis de Diva”[326]. The Liber Memorandorum Ecclesie de Bernewelle names "Ascelina de Wateruile" as third of the three sisters of "Willelmi Peuerel" who inherited the share of their oldest sister Matilda, adding that she was mother of "due filie Ascelina de Wateruille et Matildis de Diva", the former being the mother of "Rogerus de Torpel" and the latter of "Hugo de Diva"[327]. "Willielmus Peverel de Dovera" donated Bradford mill, donated by "dominus Walchelinus Maminot" for the soul of "Rogeri de Haia", to Haughmond abbey by charter dated to [1141/48], witnessed by "…Matilla mea conjuge, Matilla de Dovera mea sorore, Acelina mea sorore…"[328]. "G. de Waltervilla" granted his part of "Herchalun…et…meam partem de feudo Hugonis de Laci" to "Willielmo de Hetlehe", with the consent of "Acelinæ uxoris meæ et Radulfi filii mei", by charter dated to [1155/62], which names "Hamo Piperellus avunculus uxoris meæ"[329]. The primary source which confirms her second marriage has not yet been identified. m firstly GEOFFREY de Waterville [Wateville], son of --- (-[1160/62]). m secondly (1163) SAHER [II] de Quincy, son of SAHER [I] de Quincy & his wife Matilda de Senlis ([1138]-[1190/92]).

3. WILLIAM [I] Peverel (-1133 or after). His parentage is confirmed by the undated charter under which “Willielmus Peverel de Brunne” donated property “in Wildene villa mea…Oddewic” to Thorney Monastery, for the souls of “avunculi mei Willielmi Peverel de Doure…patris mei Rodberti Peverel fratris sui, et Hamonis Peverel avunculi mei et…matris meæ Adeliciæ, et…Henrici Regis Angliæ”[330]. "Willielmus Peverel de Dovera, Hamundo P. fratri suo et Willilemo P. nepoti suo" enfeoffed "Thurstano dapifero meo" with "Geddingam et Laiwellam" by charter dated to [1121/22][331]. "Stephanus comes Moritoni" confirmed the donation to Bec Sainte-Marie by "Willelmus Pevrellus de Dovra" with the consent of "fratrum suorum Hamonis et Pagani", by charter dated 1127[332]. The 1130 Pipe Roll records "Willo Peur de Doura" in Huntingdonshire[333].

4. [EMMA] . Eyton calls "Emma Peverel supposed wife of Hugh Maminot" parents of Walkelin Maminot but does not cite the primary source which confirms their names[334]. Her relationship to William Peverel is confirmed by the undated charter under which her son "Walchelinus Maminot" restored “terram de Lega” (near Ellesmere), unjustly taken by “avunculus meus Willielmus Peverel”, to Shrewsbury abbey[335]. m [HUGH] Maminot, son of ---.

1. RICHARD Peverel (-after 1114). "…Willelmo Peurell Doure et Haimone Peurello et Ricardo Peurello…" witnessed the charter dated 1114 under which Henry I King of England granted the land of Roger de Worcester to Walter de Beauchamp[336].

1. WILLIAM Peverel . Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record that "Willelmus Peverel" used to hold one knight´s fee in Hampshire now held by "Robertus del Broc"[337].

2. WILLIAM Peverel (-after 1155). The 1155 Pipe Roll refers to "in dñio Will. Peurell" in Lincolnshire[338].

3. THOMAS Peverel . "Hugo de Nevilla" granted land at Lound near Bourne, Lincolnshire held by "Baldwinus de Saint Omer quam dedit comes Simon Alano fratri meo et post mortem predicti Alani michi confirmavit" to "Tome Peuerel" by charter dated to the late 12th century[339].

4. ROBERT Peverel (-after 1166). The Red Book of the Exchequer refers to "Normannus de Normanville et Robertus Peverel ii m i militem" in Sussex in [1160/61][340]. Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record that "Robertus Peverel et Normannus de Normanville" held one knight´s fee in Sussex from the king[341].

5. ROBERT Peverel (-after 1190). The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1190/91], records "Robertus Peverellus" in Sussex[342].

6. MATTHEW Peverel . m ---. Matthew & his wife had one child:

a) WILLIAM Peverel (-on Crusade before 7 Apr 1202). The Red Book of the Exchequer refers to "Willelmus Peverellus filius Mathæi c s" in Norfolk, Suffolk in [1186/87][343]. The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1190/91], records "Willelmus Peverel" paying "xxx s, iii milites" in Norfolk, Suffolk[344]. An order of King John dated 7 Apr 1202 granted "custodia terre et heredis Willielmi Peverelli, qui in partibus Jerusalem obiit" to "T´rico Theuton"[345].

C. PEVEREL FAMILIES of DORSET and SOMERSET

Two brothers:

1. THOMAS Peverel . m AGNES, daughter of ---. Bracton records a claim, dated 1224, by "Thome Peuerel…infra etatem" against "Robertus Peuerel" for withholding land "in Ardientona" of which "Thomas Peuerel pater predicti Thome…sui fratris" was seised, noting that Thomas was born posthumously from "Agnes mater et custos predicti Thome"[346]. Thomas & his wife had one child:

a) THOMAS Peverel . Bracton records a claim, dated 1224, by "Thome Peuerel…infra etatem" against "Robertus Peuerel" for withholding land "in Ardientona" of which "Thomas Peuerel pater predicti Thome…sui fratris" was seised, noting that Thomas was born posthumously from "Agnes mater et custos predicti Thome"[347].

2. ROBERT Peverel (-before Sep 1227). The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Robertus Peverel" holding nine knights´ fees "de feodo eiusdem" in Cornwall in [1210/12][348]. "Eiusdem" in the text refers to the previous line which records "Robertus filius Walteri" holding eleven knights´ fees "de feodo Ricardi de Lusci avunculi sui". It is not specified whether was Richard de Lucy was also uncle to Robert Peverel, but the large number of knights´ fees suggest that they may have been acquired due to a family relationship. The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Robertus Peverel" holding "Bradeforde…de honore Bononiæ" in Dorset, Somerset in [1210/12][349]. The Testa de Nevill includes a list of landholdings in Somerset and Dorset, dated 1219, which includes "Robertus de Peverel" holding "Bradeford"[350]. Bracton records a claim, dated 1224, by "Thome Peuerel…infra etatem" against "Robertus Peuerel" for withholding land "in Ardientona" of which "Thomas Peuerel pater predicti Thome…sui fratris" was seised, noting that Thomas was born posthumously from "Agnes mater et custos predicti Thome"[351]. m ---. The name of Robert´s wife is not known. Robert & his wife had one child:

a) ANDREW Peverel . "Andrew Peverel" made a fine "for his relief of all the lands which Robert Peverel, his father, held of the king in chief in Burtin and Blatchington", dated 28 Sep 1227[352].

D. PEVEREL FAMILIES of SANFORD, DEVONSHIRE

1. HUGH Peverel (-before [Mar] 1229). "Hug Peverell de Sanford" paid a fine for "terre sue" in Devonshire, dated 1200[353]. "Hug Peverel" paid a fine to enquire "si Ric Peverel frater ipsius Hug deponsavit Johannam fil Margar de Renby" in Devonshire, dated 1201[354]. The Rotulus Cancellarii records "Hug Peverel" owing in Devonshire, dated [27 May 1201/26 May 1202][355]. "H. Peverel lord of Samford" donated "land of Buelle which the lady Matilda Peverel had before given", for the welfare of "himself and Cicely his wife", by undated charter[356]. m CECILIA, daughter of ---. "H. Peverel lord of Samford" donated "land of Buelle which the lady Matilda Peverel had before given", for the welfare of "himself and Cicely his wife", by undated charter[357]. "Cecilia who was the wife of Hugh Peverel of Sampford" made a fine "for marrying herself to whom she will wish except the king´s enemies", dated [Apr] 1230[358]. Hugh & his wife had one child:

a) WILLIAM Peverel . "William, son and heir of Hugh Peverel of Sampford" paid homage for "all the lands that Hugh held of the king in chief" in Devonshire, dated [Mar] 1229[359]. "William Peverelle of Sanforde, son of Hugh Peverelle of Sanford" donated revenue "from Behulle", for the souls of "Christina my wife, Hugh Peverelle my father, and Cicely my mother", by undated charter, witnessed by "…Randulph Peverelle, Thomas Peverelle…"[360]. m CHRISTINA, daughter of ---. "William Peverelle of Sanforde, son of Hugh Peverelle of Sanford" donated revenue "from Behulle", for the souls of "Christina my wife, Hugh Peverelle my father, and Cicely my mother", by undated charter, witnessed by "…Randulph Peverelle, Thomas Peverelle…"[361].

2. RICHARD Peverel (-after 1194). The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1194/95], records "Ricardus Peverel" paying "xv s" in Devonshire[362]. "Hug Peverel" paid a fine to enquire "si Ric Peverel frater ipsius Hug deponsavit Johannam fil Margar de Renby" in Devonshire, dated 1201[363]. The Rotulus Cancellarii records "Hugo Peverell de Sanford" making a fine "si Ric Peverell frater ipsius Hugonis disponsavit Johannam filiam Margarete de Reigin", in Devonshire, dated [27 May 1201/26 May 1202][364]. [m JOANNA, daughter of --- & his wife Margaret ---]. "Hug Peverel" paid a fine to enquire "si Ric Peverel frater ipsius Hug deponsavit Johannam fil Margar de Renby" in Devonshire, dated 1201[365]. The Rotulus Cancellarii records "Hugo Peverell de Sanford" making a fine "si Ric Peverell frater ipsius Hugonis disponsavit Johannam filiam Margarete de Reigin", in Devonshire, dated [27 May 1201/26 May 1202][366].

Chapter 5. PICOT

1. PICOT (-after [1071]). Orderic Vitalis records "Guillelmum cognomento Pantulfum et Picodum atque Corbatum, filiosque eius Rogerium et Rodbertum" as vassals of Roger de Montgommery in Shropshire, dated to [1071] from the context[367].

2. ROGER Picot (-after 1129). The 1130 Pipe Roll records "Roger Picot" in Cambridgeshire[368].

3. WILLIAM Picot (-after 1166). Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record that "Willelmus Picot" held one knight´s fee from "Galfridi de Ver" in Shropshire[369].

4. RALPH Picot (-1166). Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record that "Radulfus Picot" held parts of knights´ fees from "Simonis de Bello Campo" in Bedfordshire[370]. The 1165/66 Pipe Roll records "Rad Picot" accounting for land in Kent, but adding "sed mortuus est"[371]. m ---. Ralph & his wife had two children:

a) ADELISA Picot (-after 1194). The 1194/95 Pipe Roll records "Adelizia primogenita filia Radulfi Pikot" in Kent "pro habenda…parte hereditatis sue de Tanga et Kingesdon que eam contingit versus Eugeniam sororem suam"[372].

b) EUGENIA ([1154/55]-after 1194). The Rotuli de Dominabus of 1185 records “Ewgenia Picot…filia Radulfi Picot de Kancia et uxor Thome filii Bernardi…xxx annorum”, her property “in hundredo de Redefeld…de feodo Gileberti Malet" given to her by "Willelmus Malet…in dotem”, adding that she had three sons, aged 10, 8 and 3, and one daughter, given by "Dominus Rex, filio Johannis de Bidun", by her second husband[373]. The Red Book of the Exchequer refers to "Eugenia Picot x s" in Kent in [1186/87][374]. The 1194/95 Pipe Roll records "Eugenia Pikot…pro custodia Johannis f sue et terre sue" in Kent[375]. m firstly (1165 or before) as his second wife, WILLIAM Malet, son of --- (-1169). m secondly THOMAS FitzBernard, son of BERNARD & his wife --- (-before 1185).

5. EUSTACE Picot (-after 1166). "Eustachius Picot" held one knight´s fee from "Hugonis de Dovra" in Cambridgeshire in 1166[376]. m ---. The name of Eustace`s wife is not known. Eustace & his wife had one child:

a) LORETA Picot ([1144/45]-after 1185). The Rotuli de Dominabus of 1185 records “Lauretta Picot que fuit uxor Hugonis de Burdeleis et filia Eustachii Picot…xl annorum”, adding that she has “vi filios et ii filias et Willelmus filius eius et heres est xxvi annorum”[377]. m HUGH de Bordelais, son of --- (-before 1185).

1. HENRY Picot . The Red Book of the Exchequer records that Henry I King of England granted one knight´s fee in Cambridgeshire "Henricus pater meus", held in 1166 by his son "Albricus Picot"[378]. m ---. The name of Henry´s wife is not known. Henry & his wife had one child:

a) AUBRY Picot (-after 1171). "Albricus Picot" held one knight´s fee in Cambridgeshire in 1166, stating that Henry I King of England had granted it to "Henricus pater meus"[379]. The Red Book of the Exchequer refers to "Albricus Picot i m" in Cambridgeshire in [1167/68][380]. The Red Book of the Exchequer refers to "Albricus Picot xx s" in Cambridgeshire, Huntingdonshire in [1171/72][381]. m MABILIA, daughter of ---. The Rotuli de Dominabus of 1185 records “Mabilia…neptis Rannulfi de Glanville…uxor Albrici Picot”, her property “in Bukeswurthe…in feodo Gileberti de Muntfichet", and her "ii filios et iii filias, et primogenitus est miles”[382]. Aubry & his wife had five children:

i) ROBERT Picot (-after 1210). The Rotuli de Dominabus of 1185 records “filius Albrici Picot”, his property “in Beche", and "in custodia Rannulfi de Glanville”, and in a later passage "terra Roberti Picot in Cneya…in custodia Rannulfi de Glanville et…habet etatem et est miles"[383]. The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1190/91], records "Robertus Picot" paying "x s, i militem" in Cambridgeshire, Huntingdonshire[384]. The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1194/95], records "Robertus Picot" paying "xx s, i militem" in Cambridgeshire, Huntingdonshire[385]. The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Robertus Picot" holding one knight´s fee "in Cueye" in Cambridgeshire, Huntingdonshire in [1210/12][386]. m ---. The name of Robert´s wife is not known. Robert & his wife had one child:

(a) PETER Picot (-after 1217). The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Petrus filius Roberti Pikot" holding "medietatem de Heydene…ad coronationem Regis" from the Serjeantie in Essex and Herefordshire[387].

ii) --- Picot . The Rotuli de Dominabus of 1185 records “Mabilia…neptis Rannulfi de Glanville…uxor Albrici Picot”, her property “in Bukeswurthe…in feodo Gileberti de Muntfichet", and her "ii filios et iii filias, et primogenitus est miles”[388].

iii) three daughters . The Rotuli de Dominabus of 1185 records “Mabilia…neptis Rannulfi de Glanville…uxor Albrici Picot”, her property “in Bukeswurthe…in feodo Gileberti de Muntfichet", and her "ii filios et iii filias, et primogenitus est miles”[389].

2. ROBERT Picot (-after 1166). Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record that "Robertus Picot" held one knight´s fee from "comitis Hugonis" in Norfolk[390].

3. RALPH Picot (-after 1210). Henry II King of England confirmed property at Dieppe donated to the abbey of Foucarmont by "Radulfus Picot et Amfria uxor eius" which had been confirmed by "Willermus frater meus" by charter dated to [1177/82][391]. The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Radulfus Picot" holding "i carucatam in Erdele et i…in Salinges per serjanteriam" in Essex in [1210/12][392]. m AMFRIA, daughter of ---. Henry II King of England confirmed property at Dieppe donated to the abbey of Foucarmont by "Radulfus Picot et Amfria uxor eius" which had been confirmed by "Willermus frater meus" by charter dated to [1177/82][393].

4. PETER Picot . m ---. The name of Peter´s wife is not known. Peter & his wife had one child:

a) PETER Picot (-after 1210). The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Petrus filius Petri Picot" holding "dimidiam Heydene per serjanteriam serviendi cum i toaloa ad coronationem Regis" in Essex in [1210/12][394].

5. WILLIAM Picot (-after 28 Feb 1216). The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Willelmus Picot…et Willelmus filius Willelmi de Cliftone" holding parts of knights´ fees in Lincolnshire in [1210/12][395]. "Willelmus Picot" made a fine for returning to the king´s support naming "Alex filius suus" as hostage who was given, dated 28 Feb 1216[396]. m as her second husband, JULIANA, widow of HENRY de Gand, daughter of ---. Bracton records a claim, dated 1224, by "Willelmus Picot et Juliana uxor eius" against "Matillidem filiam Gaufridi" for "terciam parte…terre in Birstaudeby dotem ipsius Juliane unde Henricus de Gaunt quondam vir suus" of which "Thomas Peuerel pater predicti Thome…sui fratris" was seised, noting that Thomas was born posthumously from "Agnes mater et custos predicti Thome"[397]. William & his wife had one child:

a) ALEXANDER Picot (-after 28 Feb 1216). "Willelmus Picot" made a fine for returning to the king´s support naming "Alex filius suus" as hostage who was given, dated 28 Feb 1216[398].

Chapter 6. PINKENEY

1. GILO de Pinkeney . The Complete Peerage records that Gilo de Pinkeney founded the priory of Weedon Pinkeny, Northamptonshire as a cell of Beauvais Saint-Lucien, undated, but does not cite the corresponding primary source[399]. m ---. The name of Gilo´s wife is not known. Gilo & his wife had two chlidren:

a) RALPH de Pinkeney (-before 29 Sep 1158). His parentage is confirmed by the undated charter in which his son "Gilebertus de Pinchenni" confirmed donations by “Gilo avus meus et Radulfus pater meus” of land “de suo dominio de Wedonia” to found the priory of Wedon Pinkney in Northamptonshire[400]. The 1130 Pipe Roll records "Rad de Pincheneio" in Northamptonshire and to marry "uxore Sym Chaisnedoit"[401]. m ([1129/30]) as her second husband, ---, widow of SIMON de Chesneduit, daughter of ---. The 1130 Pipe Roll records "Rad de Pincheneio" in Northamptonshire and to marry "uxore Sym Chaisnedoit"[402]. Ralph & his wife had three children:

i) GILBERT de Pinkeney (-1178). "Gilebertus de Pinchenni" confirmed donations by “Gilo avus meus et Radulfus pater meus” of land “de suo dominio de Wedonia” to found the priory of Wedon Pinkney in Northamptonshire, supported by "uxore mea Eustachia et liberis…meis…Henrico primogenito meo et cæteris", by undated charter witnessed by "Hugonis de Pinchenni, Radulphi fratris iam dicit Gilberti…Ancheri de Pincheni…"[403]. "Gilebertus Pinconiensis" confirmed donations by “avus meus Gilo Pinconiensis…pater meus Radulfus” of donations to Wedon Pinkney in Northamptonshire, supported by "uxore mea Eustachia et liberis Henrico et Gilberto cum cæteris", by undated charter[404]. Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record the knights´ fees held from "Gilbertus de Pinkeni" in Buckinghamshire[405]. The Red Book of the Exchequer refers to "Gilbertus de Pinkeygni xv s" in Buckinghamshire, Bedfordshire in [1171/72][406]. m EUSTACHIA, daughter of ---. "Gilebertus de Pinchenni" confirmed donations by “Gilo avus meus et Radulfus pater meus” of land “de suo dominio de Wedonia” to found the priory of Wedon Pinkney in Northamptonshire, supported by "uxore mea Eustachia et liberis…meis…Henrico primogenito meo et cæteris", by undated charter[407]. Gilbert & his wife had [four or more] children:

(a) HENRY de Pinkeney (-1209). "Gilebertus de Pinchenni" confirmed donations by “Gilo avus meus et Radulfus pater meus” of land “de suo dominio de Wedonia” to found the priory of Wedon Pinkney in Northamptonshire, supported by "uxore mea Eustachia et liberis…meis…Henrico primogenito meo et cæteris", by undated charter[408].

- see below.

(b) GILBERT de Pinkeney (-after 1166). "Gilebertus Pinconiensis" confirmed donations by “avus meus Gilo Pinconiensis…pater meus Radulfus” of donations to Wedon Pinkney in Northamptonshire, supported by "uxore mea Eustachia et liberis Henrico et Gilberto cum cæteris", by undated charter[409]. Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record that "Gilberto filio meo" held one half a knight´s fee from "Gilbertus de Pinkeni" in Buckinghamshire[410].

(c) two or more other children . "Gilebertus Pinconiensis" confirmed donations by “avus meus Gilo Pinconiensis…pater meus Radulfus” of donations to Wedon Pinkney in Northamptonshire, supported by "uxore mea Eustachia et liberis Henrico et Gilberto cum cæteris", by undated charter[411].

ii) HUGH de Pinkeney . "Gilebertus de Pinchenni" confirmed donations by “Gilo avus meus et Radulfus pater meus” of land “de suo dominio de Wedonia” to found the priory of Wedon Pinkney in Northamptonshire by undated charter witnessed by "Hugonis de Pinchenni, Radulphi fratris iam dicit Gilberti…Ancheri de Pincheni…"[412].

iii) RALPH de Pinkeney . "Gilebertus de Pinchenni" confirmed donations by “Gilo avus meus et Radulfus pater meus” of land “de suo dominio de Wedonia” to found the priory of Wedon Pinkney in Northamptonshire by undated charter witnessed by "Hugonis de Pinchenni, Radulphi fratris iam dicit Gilberti…Ancheri de Pincheni…"[413].

b) ROBERT de Pinkeney of Moreton Pinkeney (-before [1160]). The Complete Peerage records that Gilo de Pinkeney gave land in Sulgrave, Northamptonshire and Maidenhead, Berkshire to his younger son Robert[414]. m ---. The name of Robert´s wife is not known. Robert & his wife had two children:

i) HENRY de Pinkeney (-after 1166). Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record the knights´ fees held from "Gilbertus de Pinkeni" in Buckinghamshire, including "Henricus filius Roberti de Pinkeney v milites et dimidium, Gilo de Pinkeny i militem et dimidium"[415].

ii) ROBERT de Pinkeney . m AGNES, daughter of ---.

1. AGNES de Pinkeney . The Liber Vitæ of Durham lists (in order) "Bernardus Bail senior, Bernardus junior filius eius, Ingelram le b filius eius, Wid et Eustacius filii eius, Matilda mater et Hawisia et altera Hawis, et domina Agnes de Pinchensi uxor junioris Bernardi, Rogerus filius Hugonis nepos eius et Johannes frater Rogerii"[416]. m BERNARD Balliol, son of BERNARD Balliol & his wife Matilda --- (-after 1174).

2. WILLIAM de Pinkeney (-after 1167). Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record that "Willelmus de Pinkeini" held one knight´s fee from "Margaretæ de Boun" in Gloucestershire[417]. The Red Book of the Exchequer refers to "Willelmus de Pinkeingni ix l, sed amodo in Norhamtesira" in Buckinghamshire in [1167/68][418].

3. GILO de Pinkeney (-after 4 Apr 1196). Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record the knights´ fees held from "Gilbertus de Pinkeni" in Buckinghamshire, including "Henricus filius Roberti de Pinkeney v milites et dimidium, Gilo de Pinkeny i militem et dimidium"[419]. The Feet of Fines records the judgment dated 4 Apr 1196 in a claim by "Egid de Pinkeni et Matill ux sua" against "Will de Englefield fil eiusdem Matill"[420]. m as her second husband, MATILDA, widow of --- de Englefield, daughter of --- (-after 4 Apr 1196). The Feet of Fines records the judgment dated 4 Apr 1196 in a claim by "Egid de Pinkeni et Matill ux sua" against "Will de Englefield fil eiusdem Matill"[421].

HENRY de Pinkeney, son of GILBERT de Pinkeney & his wife Eustachia --- (-1209). "Gilebertus de Pinchenni" confirmed donations by “Gilo avus meus et Radulfus pater meus” of land “de suo dominio de Wedonia” to found the priory of Wedon Pinkney in Northamptonshire, supported by "uxore mea Eustachia et liberis…meis…Henrico primogenito meo et cæteris", by undated charter[422]. "Gilebertus Pinconiensis" confirmed donations by “avus meus Gilo Pinconiensis…pater meus Radulfus” of donations to Wedon Pinkney in Northamptonshire, supported by "uxore mea Eustachia et liberis Henrico et Gilberto cum cæteris", by undated charter[423]. "Henricus Pinconiensis" confirmed donations by “proavus meus Gilo et avus meus Radulfus et pater meus Gilebertus” of land “de suo dominio de Wedonia” to found the prior of Wedon Pinkney in Northamptonshire by undated charter[424]. Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record that "Gilbertus de Pinkeni" granted one knight´s fee "postea" to "Henrico filio meo" in Buckinghamshire[425]. Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record that "Henricus de Pinkenei" held one and one half knights´ fees from "Roberti de Chokes" in Northamptonshire[426]. "Robertus de Pinconio filius Henrici" donated property to Wedon Pinkney in Northamptonshire, with the consent of "Henrici filii mei et hæredis", for the souls of "Eglina uxore mea et Henrico filio meo…et…Philippæ filiæ meæ defunctæ", by undated charter[427]. The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1190/91], records "Henricus de Pingkeygni" paying "vi l xvi s, xiii milites et dimidium" in Buckinghamshire, Bedfordshire[428]. The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1194/95], names "Henricus de Pinkeingny" paying "xiii l x s, xiii milites et dimidium" in Buckinghamshire, Bedfordshire, and being granted delay to pay in Berkshire[429]. The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1196/97], records "Henricus de Pinkeyni" paying "xiv l x s, xiii milites" in Buckinghamshire, Bedfordshire[430]. “Henricus de Pynkeny” donated "ecclesiam de Haudeneby" to Clerkenwell St Mary´s by undated charter witnessed by "…Rogero de Pinkeni, Ansculfo de Pykeny, Roberto de Pinkeni"[431]. "Henry de Pinkeni and Leticia his wife" and "Serlo de Marci and Emma his wife" granted land "in Cristehale" to "William Barun", dated [1198/99][432].

m LETITIA de Lucy, daughter of ROBERT de Lucy & his wife ---. "Henry de Pinkeni and Leticia his wife" and "Serlo de Marci and Emma his wife" granted land "in Cristehale" to "William Barun", dated [1198/99][433]. It is likely that the wives of Henry de Pinkeney and Serlo de Marcy were related, maybe holding a joint interest in the land in question. If this is correct, the precise family relationship has not yet been traced. The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Milo de Sumery, Rogerus de Neville, Letitia de Pinkeyni, Serlo de Marcy" holding one knight´s fee each "in Elmedene" in Essex, Hertfordshire in [1210/12][434].

Henry & his wife had two children:

1. ROBERT de Pinkeney (-[29 Sep/12 Dec] 1232). "Robertus de Pinconio filius Henrici" donated property to Wedon Pinkney in Northamptonshire, with the consent of "Henrici filii mei et hæredis", for the souls of "Eglina uxore mea et Henrico filio meo…et…Philippæ filiæ meæ defunctæ", by undated charter[435]. The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1190/91], records "Robertus de Pingkeigni" paying "xv s, i militem et dimidium" in Buckinghamshire, Bedfordshire[436]. The Pipe Roll 1209 records that "Robertus de Pinkenni" paid fine on succession to "Henrici patris sui"[437]. The Testa de Nevill lists knights who held land in Northamptonshire, dated to [1208/10]: "Robertus de Pinchingny" held "xv milites de feodo de Windlesor"[438]. The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Robertus de Pinkeny" holding "xv milites" in Northamptonshire in [1210/12][439]. Bracton lists a claim by "Robertus de Pinkingny" against "Galfrido de Cruce" relating to "Andree filii et heredis Johannis de Windesores", dated Michaelmas 1232, recording that "Reginaldus de Pinkingny ante gwerram" had enfeoffed "Petrum patrem predicti Johannis et auum ipsius Andree in suburbio Windesores in com. Berck"[440]. m AIGLENE, daughter of ---. "Robertus de Pinconio filius Henrici" donated property to Wedon Pinkney in Northamptonshire, with the consent of "Henrici filii mei et hæredis", for the souls of "Eglina uxore mea et Henrico filio meo…et…Philippæ filiæ meæ defunctæ", by undated charter[441]. Robert & his wife had two children:

a) HENRY de Pinkeney (-before 16 May 1254). "Robertus de Pinconio filius Henrici" donated property to Wedon Pinkney in Northamptonshire, with the consent of "Henrici filii mei et hæredis", for the souls of "Eglina uxore mea et Henrico filio meo…et…Philippæ filiæ meæ defunctæ", by undated charter[442].

- see below.

b) PHILIPPA de Pinkeney (-before 1232). "Robertus de Pinconio filius Henrici" donated property to Wedon Pinkney in Northamptonshire, with the consent of "Henrici filii mei et hæredis", for the souls of "Eglina uxore mea et Henrico filio meo…et…Philippæ filiæ meæ defunctæ", by undated charter[443].

2. --- de Pinkeney . The Rotuli de Dominabus of 1185 records “Willelmus…filius Willelmi de Nokes filii Hugonis…xviii annorum” in the custody of “Henrici de Pinkeni cuius filiam desponsavit…elapsis iam iv annis" and his land "in Messedina”[444]. Betrothed ([1181]) to WILLIAM de Nokes, son of WILLIAM FitzHugh de Nokes & his wife --- ([1167/68]-).

HENRY de Pinkeney Lord of Wedon-Pinkeney, son of ROBERT de Pinkeney & his wife Aiglene --- (-before 16 May 1254). "Robertus de Pinconio filius Henrici" donated property to Wedon Pinkney in Northamptonshire, with the consent of "Henrici filii mei et hæredis", for the souls of "Eglina uxore mea et Henrico filio meo…et…Philippæ filiæ meæ defunctæ", by undated charter[445]. A writ after the death of "Henry de Pinkeny alias de Pynkeny", dated "2 Jul 38 Hen III", and later inquisitions, record that "Henry his son aged 26 and more is his heir" and refer to "Barton, 10 marks land held of Sir Henry de Hastinges in free marriage, which the deceased gave to Alice his daughter"[446].

m ALICE de Lindsay, daughter of DAVID de Lindsay & his wife Marjory [of Scotland] (-[1252/54]). The proofs relating to the claim to the Scottish throne in 1291 made by "domini Roberti de Pinkeny" name "Alicia" as daughter of "Margareta", daughter of "Henri patre Regis Willi"[447].

Henry & his wife had two children:

1. HENRY de Pinkeney (before 1228-before 25 Aug 1275). A writ after the death of "Henry de Pinkeny alias de Pynkeny", dated "2 Jul 38 Hen III", and later inquisitions, record that "Henry his son aged 26 and more is his heir" and refer to "Barton, 10 marks land held of Sir Henry de Hastinges in free marriage, which the deceased gave to Alice his daughter"[448]. The proofs relating to the claim to the Scottish throne in 1291 made by "domini Roberti de Pinkeny" name "Henricus de Pinkeny" as the son of "Alicia"[449]. m MARY, daughter of --- (-after her husband). The primary source which confirms her marriage has not yet been identified. Henry & his wife had two children:

a) ROBERT de Pinkeney (-shortly before 2 Sep 1296). King Edward I granted seisin of his father´s lands to "Robert de Pinkeny son and heir of Henry de Pinkeny deceased" by charter dated 4 Feb 1277[450]. The proofs relating to the claim to the Scottish throne in 1291 made by "domini Roberti de Pinkeny" name him as son of "Henricus de Pinkeny"[451]. Claimant to the throne of Scotland in 1291, 5^th in order on the Great Roll of Scotland. A writ dated 2 Sep "24 Edw I", after the death of "Robert de Pynkeny alias de Pinkeney" names "Henry de Pynkeny knight his brother aged 40 at the feast of St John the Baptist last is his next heir"[452].

b) HENRY de Pinkeney ([1255/56]-before 24 Apr 1315). A writ dated 2 Sep "24 Edw I", after the death of "Robert de Pynkeny alias de Pinkeney" names "Henry de Pynkeny knight his brother aged 40 at the feast of St John the Baptist last is his next heir"[453]. He was summoned to parliament in 1299, whereby he is held to have become Lord Pinkeny. m MARGARET, daughter of --- (-after 1315).

2. ALICE de Pinkeney . A writ after the death of "Henry de Pinkeny alias de Pynkeny", dated "2 Jul 38 Hen III", and later inquisitions, record that "Henry his son aged 26 and more is his heir" and refer to "Barton, 10 marks land held of Sir Henry de Hastinges in free marriage, which the deceased gave to Alice his daughter"[454]. m HENRY de Hastings, son of ---.

Chapter 7. POMERAI

1. JOSCELIN de la Pomerai (-after 1125). "Goscelin de la Pommeraye" founded the abbey of Sainte-Marie-du-Val, with the consent of "sa femme Emma et de ses fils Henry, Roger, Philippe, Goscelin et Raoul", by charter dated 1125[455]. m EMMA, daughter of --- . "Goscelin de la Pommeraye" founded the abbey of Sainte-Marie-du-Val, with the consent of "sa femme Emma et de ses fils Henry, Roger, Philippe, Goscelin et Raoul", by charter dated 1125[456]. Joscelin & his wife had five children:

a) HENRY de la Pomerai (-[1156/64]). "Goscelin de la Pommeraye" founded the abbey of Sainte-Marie-du-Val, with the consent of "sa femme Emma et de ses fils Henry, Roger, Philippe, Goscelin et Raoul", by charter dated 1125[457]. Lord of Berry Pomeroy, Devon, he had supported King Henry I during the rebellion of 1123, commanding the royal army at Pont-Athou. Deputy Constable in the Royal household of King Henry I[458]. "Henrico de Pomer…" witnessed the charter dated to [1126] under which Henry I King of England granted property to Robert FitzPayn[459]. The 1130 Pipe Roll records "Henr de Pomer" in Dorsetshire[460]. "…Henrico de Pomeria…" subscribed the charter dated 1157 under which Henry II King of England confirmed the property of the abbey of Saint-Jean de Falaise[461]. m ROHESE, daughter of --- & his [mistress/wife] Sibyl Corbet (-1176). The identity of the father of Rohese is uncertain. Renaud Earl of Cornwall granted Roseworthy manor in Cornwall to his sister "Rohesia de Pomeria" in a charter[462]. The wife of Henry de la Pomerai was therefore either Rohese, illegitimate daughter of Henry I King of England & his mistress Sibyl Corbet, or Rohese, daughter of Herbert FitzHerbert & his wife Sibyl Corbet. Henry & his wife had two children:

i) HENRY de la Pomerai (-1207). Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record that "Henricus de Pomeria" held one knight´s fee from the bishop of Exeter in Cornwall and half a knight´s fee in Devon[463].

- see below.

ii) JOSCELIN de la Pomerai (-after [1200]). Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record that "filius Henrici de Pomeria" held one knight´s fee from "Willelmi comitis Gloucestriæ" in Gloucestershire[464]. Benedict of Peterborough records that Henry II King of England granted the kingdom of Limerick to "Hereberti filio Hereberti, et Willelmo fratri comitis Reginaldi, et Joellano de la Pumerai nepoti eorum" at a council in Oxford in May 1177, but that "Herbertus et Willelmus, fratres Reginaldi comitis Cornubiæ, et Joellanus de Pumeria nepos eorum" declined it at a council at Marlborough 3 Jun 1177[465]. "Joselinus de Pomerei" donated property to Ford abbey, Devonshire, for the souls of "…domini fratris mei Hen de Pomerei", by undated charter (maybe dated to after 1200, when William father of Henry de Tracy died) witnessed by "…Willielmo de Tracy fratre Hugonis de Courtenay, Henrico filio Willielmi de Tracy"[466].

b) ROGER de la Pomerai (-after 1129). "Goscelin de la Pommeraye" founded the abbey of Sainte-Marie-du-Val, with the consent of "sa femme Emma et de ses fils Henry, Roger, Philippe, Goscelin et Raoul", by charter dated 1125[467]. The 1130 Pipe Roll records "Roger de Pomer" in Cornwall[468].

c) PHILIPPE de la Pomerai . "Goscelin de la Pommeraye" founded the abbey of Sainte-Marie-du-Val, with the consent of "sa femme Emma et de ses fils Henry, Roger, Philippe, Goscelin et Raoul", by charter dated 1125[469].

d) JOSCELIN de la Pomerai . "Goscelin de la Pommeraye" founded the abbey of Sainte-Marie-du-Val, with the consent of "sa femme Emma et de ses fils Henry, Roger, Philippe, Goscelin et Raoul", by charter dated 1125[470].

e) RAOUL de la Pomerai (-after Sep 1151). "Goscelin de la Pommeraye" founded the abbey of Sainte-Marie-du-Val, with the consent of "sa femme Emma et de ses fils Henry, Roger, Philippe, Goscelin et Raoul", by charter dated 1125[471]. "…Radulpho de Pomeria" witnessed the charter dated to [end 1150/early Sep 1151] which "H. dux Normannorum" issued for the hôpital de Falaise[472]. "…Radulfo de Pomeria…" witnessed the charter dated to [Sep 1151/Jan 1153] under which "Henricus dux Norm et comes Andeg" confirmed the foundation of the abbey of Fontenay at the request of "Jordani Taxonis"[473].

HENRY de la Pomerai, son of HENRY de la Pomerai & his wife Rohese --- (-1207). Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record that "Henricus de Pomeria" held one knight´s fee from the bishop of Exeter in Cornwall and half a knight´s fee in Devon[474]. The Red Book of the Exchequer refers to "Henricus de Pomeray xxxi l v s vi d" in Devonshire in [1167/68][475]. The Red Book of the Exchequer records enfeoffments in the duchy of Normandy in [1172], "Henricus de Pomaria" with three parts of one knight "de feodo de Vado…de honore Mortonii in baillia Osberti de Hosa", adding that he held "castrum de Pomeria cum purprestura de Rege"[476]. The 1176/77 Pipe Roll names "Henricus de la Pomereio" in Devonshire[477]. The Red Book of the Exchequer refers to "Henricus de la Pomeraye xxxi l xviii s iv d" in Devonshire in [1186/87][478]. The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1194/95], records "Henricus de la Pomeray" paying "xxi l xviii s iv d" in Devonshire[479]. The Rotulus Cancellarii records "Henricus de la Pomeraie" owing in Devonshire, dated [27 May 1201/26 May 1202][480].

m firstly MATHILDE de Vitré, daughter of ---. Her family origin and marriage are confirmed by a charter dated 28 Mar 1200 under which King John confirmed lands to "Willelmo Briwere", including "manerium de Braworthi" donated by "qd Henri de la Pomeria fil Matildi de Vitri"[481].

m secondly as her first wife, ROHESE Bardolf, daughter of DOON Bardolf & his wife Beatrice de Warenne. She married secondly John Russell.

Henry & his first wife had one child:

1. HENRY de la Pomerai (-1222). "Henr fil Henr de Pomeraya" paid a fine for "terris q fuerunt ipsius Henrici patris sui" in Cornwall and Devon, dated 1208[482]. The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Henricus de Pomerai" holding one knight´s fee in Cornwall in [1210/12][483]. m ---. The name of Henry´s wife is not known. Henry & his wife had one child:

a) HENRY de la Pomerai . An order dated 26 Apr 1224 granted time to "Henry de la Pomeraie" for repayment of "the debt his father owed to the king"[484].

Chapter 8. PONT-de-l´ARCHE

1. GUILLAUME de Pont de l´Arche (-after 1142). "…Willelmo de Ponte Arch" witnessed the charter dated to [1114] under which Henry I King of England granted privileges to Battle abbey[485]. The 1130 Pipe Roll records "Wills de Pontearc" in Oxfordshire, Dorsetshire (two entries), Wiltshire (three entries), Hampshire (twice), and Surrey[486]. "…W. de Pont…" witnessed the charter dated 1133 under which Henry I King of England confirmed his father´s lands to "Willo fil Udardi de Baenb"[487]. m CONSTANCE Mauduit, daughter of ROBERT [I] Mauduit & his wife --- (-after [1142]). The Gesta Stephani Regis records that "Robertum filium Hildebrandi" fell in love with "Willelmus de Ponte Arcarum…uxorem", imprisoned her husband, but died from a painful illness, dated from the context to [1142][488]. Guillaume & his wife had two children:

a) ROBERT de Pont de l´Arche (-after 1196). The Red Book of the Exchequer refers to "Robertus de Ponte Arche x m v militem" in Hampshire in [1160/61][489]. Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record that "Robertus Mauduit" used to hold one knights fee in Hampshire now held by "Robertus de Ponte Arche"[490]. The Red Book of the Exchequer refers to "Robertus de Ponte Arche i m" in Hampshire in [1167/68][491]. The Red Book of the Exchequer refers to "Robertus de Ponte Arche xx s" in Hampshire in [1171/72][492]. The Red Book of the Exchequer refers to "Robertus de Ponte Arche xx s" in Hampshire in [1186/87][493]. The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1190/91], records "Robertus de Ponte Arche" paying "x s, i militem" in Hampshire and "xii d" in Wiltshire[494]. The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1194/95], names "Robertus de Ponte Arche" paying "xx s i militem" in Hampshire[495]. The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1196/97], records "Robertus de Ponte Arche" paying "xx s, i militem" in Hampshire[496]. m ---. Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record that "uxor Roberti de Archis" held two knights´ fees from "Roberti de Chauz" in Nottinghamshire[497]. m MATILDA Marshal, daughter of JOHN Marshal & his second wife Sibyl of Salisbury. The primary source which confirms her parentage and marriage has not yet been identified. The Complete Peerage names her and records her marriage but does not the cite the primary source on which this information is based[498]. Robert & his wife had one child:

i) JULIANE de Ponte de l´Arche (-15 Nov 1217, bur Bristol St Augustine). The primary source which confirms her parentage and marriage has not yet been identified. Smyth records that "the first wife of Lord Robert was Julian de Ponte Arche daughter of William de Pontelargo o Pontearche and necce to…Willm Earl Marischall the elder Earle of Pembroke", records her death "15 Nov in the second year of Kinge Henry the third", and her burial at Bristol St Augustine, but the precise primary sources on which he bases his statements are not obvious from his citations[499]. According to Dugdale, Robert de Berkeley married "Julian, daughter of William de Pontearch, niece to William Marshal Earl of Pembroke"[500]. m (before 11 Jun 1200) as his first wife, ROBERT de Berkeley, son of MAURICE de Berkeley & his wife Alice de Berkeley ([1164/65]-13 May 1220, bur Bristol St Augustine).

b) EMMA de Pont de l´Arche (-young). Her betrothal is noted in Domesday Descendants[501]. Betrothed to RICHARD de Reviers, son of BALDWIN de Reviers Earl of Devon & his wife Adelise --- ([1115/30]-21 or 27 Apr 1162, bur Christ Church, Twynham). He succeeded his father in 1155 as Earl of Devon, Lord of the Isle of Wight.

2. OSBERT de Pont de l´Arche (-after 1129). The 1130 Pipe Roll records "Albico de Pontearc" in Surrey[502]. The 1130 Pipe Roll records "Osbto de Pontearch" in Hertfordshire[503].

1. WILLIAM de Pont de l´Arche (-after [Apr] 1224). The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Willelmus de Ponte Arche" holding ten parts of one knight´s fee "in Swindone" in Wiltshire in [1210/12][504]. "William de Pont de l´Arche" made a fine for "having seisin of his land in Swindon…taken into the king´s hand…because he was not in the army of Wales", dated [Apr] 1224[505]. m MARGARET, daughter of --- (-after [Mar] 1217). Henry III King of England granted letters of conduct to "Margareta uxor Willelmi de Ponte Archi" dated to [Mar] 1217[506].

2. MATILDA [Eva] de Pont de l´Arche (-after 1 Sep 1227). "William baron of Naas and Eva his wife" paid a fine for "having dower in the manor of Grene, which pertains to Eva of the free tenement formerly of Phillip de Braose, her former husband, in Ireland", dated 12 Sep 1220[507]. A charter dated 1 Sep 1227 records that "Matilda who was the wife of the Baron of Nas represents that the justiciary…has disseised her of her dower out of…those of Philip de Breouse her first husband" and the king´s order to restore the property to her[508]. m firstly PHILIP de Briouse, son of WILLIAM de Briouse & his wife Mathilde de Saint-Valéry. m secondly WILLIAM FitzWilliam Baron of Naas, son of WILLIAM FitzMaurice Baron of Naas & his wife Aline de Clare (-before Aug 1227).

Three brothers:

1. ROBERT de Pont de l´Arche (-before 22 Feb 1246). A writ dated 22 Feb "30 Hen III", after the death of "Robert de Pont del Arche alias de Pont Arche" names "Ralph his brother is his next heir, after William de Pont Arche who was lately outlawed" and lists his manors in Gloucester "Wulvirchesthrop town…Waddon and Mortun towns…which Constance late the wife of the said Robert now holds by the king´s bail…Stanleg alias Stanleye town…Coccebiri alias Cokebiri"[509]. m CONSTANCE, daughter of --- (-after 22 Feb 1246). A writ dated 22 Feb "30 Hen III", after the death of "Robert de Pont del Arche alias de Pont Arche" lists his manors in Gloucester "…Waddon and Mortun towns…which Constance late the wife of the said Robert now holds by the king´s bail…"[510].

2. WILLIAM de Pont de l´Arche . A writ dated 22 Feb "30 Hen III", after the death of "Robert de Pont del Arche alias de Pont Arche" names "Ralph his brother is his next heir, after William de Pont Arche who was lately outlawed"[511].

3. RALPH de Pont de l´Arche . A writ dated 22 Feb "30 Hen III", after the death of "Robert de Pont del Arche alias de Pont Arche" names "Ralph his brother is his next heir, after William de Pont Arche who was lately outlawed"[512].

Chapter 9. PORT and ST JOHN

1. HUGUES de Port {Port-en-Bessin, Calvados, arr. Bayeux, cant. Ryes} (-1096 or after). "…Hugo de Portu…" witnessed the charter dated to [1060] under which Guillaume II Duke of Normandy granted "Brenerias" to the abbey of Bayeux[513]. "…Hugo de Portu…" witnessed the charter dated to [1066] under which Guillaume II Duke of Normandy donated "terram…Brenerias" to the church of Bayeux[514]. "…Roger Bigot, Henry de Ferrars, Bernard de Neufmarché…Hugo de Port, Richard Goiz, Eudo dapifer…Robert fitz Tetbald, William de Perci, Robert of Rhuddlan, Nigel de Torp, Roger de Corcella, Alured of Lincoln, William de Falaise, William Malconduit, Godfrey his brother…" witnessed the charter dated to [1086] which notified a plea held by William I King of England concerning "William de Braiose" and Fécamp abbey[515]. "…Hugo de Portu…" witnessed the charter dated 27 Jan 1091 under which William II King of England confirmed the status of Bath abbey[516]. “…Hugonis de Port…” witnessed the charter dated [May 1092] under which William II King of England confirmed previous grants to Lincoln cathedral[517]. “…Hugonis de Port…” witnessed the charter dated Sep 1093 under which William II King of England donated property to Lincoln cathedral[518]. The History of Gloucester St Peter records that "Hugo de Portu factus monachus vicarious Wyntoniæ" donated "Lyteltone in Hamptaschire" to Gloucester St Peter in 1096, adding that "Henricus filius Hugonis de Portu" confirmed his father´s donation, and that "Adam de Portu" also later confirmed it "tempore Serlonis abbatis"[519]. m ORENCE, daughter of ---. Her marriage is confirmed by the Liber Vitæ of the New Minster of Winchester which names "Hugo de Port, Orence coniunx eius"[520]. Hugues & his wife had [three] children:

a) HENRY de Port (-after 1133). The History of Gloucester St Peter records that "Hugo de Portu factus monachus vicarious Wyntoniæ" donated "Lyteltone in Hamptaschire" to Gloucester St Peter in 1096, adding that "Henricus filius Hugonis de Portu" confirmed his father´s donation[521]. Henry de Port gave a rent to Rochester cathedral priory, with the consent of "his wife Hawise and his son Hugh", by charter dated 1108[522]. Henry de Port founded the priory of Sherborne as the cell of the abbey of Saint-Vigor de Cérisy by undated charter witnessed by "his wife Hawise and his sons William and John"[523]. "Henricum de Port" held three knights` fees in Bayeux in 1133[524]. m HAWISE, daughter of ---. Henry de Port gave a rent to Rochester cathedral priory, with the consent of "his wife Hawise and his son Hugh", by charter dated 1108[525]. Henry de Port founded the priory of Sherborne as the cell of the abbey of Saint-Vigor de Cérisy by undated charter witnessed by "his wife Hawise and his sons William and John"[526]. Henry & his wife had [four] children:

i) HUGH de Port (-after 1108). Henry de Port gave a rent to Rochester cathedral priory, with the consent of "his wife Hawise and his son Hugh", by charter dated 1108[527].

ii) WILLIAM de Port . Henry de Port founded the priory of Sherborne as the cell of the abbey of Saint-Vigor de Cérisy by undated charter witnessed by "his wife Hawise and his sons William and John"[528].

iii) JOHN de Port (-1168 before 29 Sep). Henry de Port founded the priory of Sherborne as the cell of the abbey of Saint-Vigor de Cérisy by undated charter witnessed by "his wife Hawise and his sons William and John"[529].

- see below.

iv) [ADAM de Port (-after 1160). The Red Book of the Exchequer refers to "Adam de Port xl vii milites et dimidium" in Hereford in [1160/61][530]. This appears too early for the entry to refer to Adam de Port, son of John de Port, assuming that his birth date is correctly estimated below. This would suggest that Adam belonged to an earlier generation of the family. The Red Book of the Exchequer refers to "Adam de Port xv l ii s" in Hereford in [1167/68][531].]

b) ADELAIDE de Port (-after 1107). "Adelidis soror Henrici de Port" held a house in Winchester in [1107/15][532].

c) [EMMA de Port (-after 1107). A charter listing the property of Whitby Monastery names ”Emma de Port” as wife of “Willielmus de Perci cognomento Algernuus”[533]. “Willelmus de Perci” donated property to the monks of Whitby “et Serloni priori fratri meo”, for the souls of “…Emma de Port uxore mea et Alano de Perci filio meo”, by charter dated to [1090/96], witnessed by “Emma de Port uxor mea, Alanus, Walterus et Willielmus filii mei, Ernaldus de Perci…”[534]. "Emma de Percy" held a house in Winchester in [1107/15][535]. m WILLIAM de Percy, son of --- (-Jerusalem [1097/1100], bur Jerusalem).

2. ADAM de Port (-after 1114). "…Ada de Port…" witnessed the charter dated 1114 under which Henry I King of England granted the land of Roger de Worcester to Walter de Beauchamp[536].

1. ADAM de Port . "Adam de Port" notified the bishop of Lincoln of his grant to the church of "Hattele" by undated charter, witnessed by "Herndaldo de Mandeville et domina Alicia uxore sua, domina Matiltide uxore dicti Adæ de Port, Henrico de Port fratre eiusdem, Galfrido de Mandeville"[537]. m MATILDA de Mandeville, daughter of ERNULF de Mandeville & his wife Alice d´Oilly. "Adam de Port" notified the bishop of Lincoln of his grant to the church of "Hattele" by undated charter, witnessed by "Herndaldo de Mandeville et domina Alicia uxore sua, domina Matiltide uxore dicti Adæ de Port, Henrico de Port fratre eiusdem, Galfrido de Mandeville"[538].

2. HENRY de Port . "Adam de Port" notified the bishop of Lincoln of his grant to the church of "Hattele" by undated charter, witnessed by "Herndaldo de Mandeville et domina Alicia uxore sua, domina Matiltide uxore dicti Adæ de Port, Henrico de Port fratre eiusdem, Galfrido de Mandeville"[539].

JOHN de Port, son of HENRY de Port & his wife Hawise --- (-1168 before 29 Sep). Henry de Port founded the priory of Sherborne as the cell of the abbey of Saint-Vigor de Cérisy by undated charter witnessed by "his wife Hawise and his sons William and John"[540]. John de Port confirmed his father´s donations to Sherborne by undated charter witnessed by "his wife Maud and his sons Adam and Hugh", in which he requests burial at the abbey[541]. "John son of Henry de Port" donated land "of Warneford…Weleg" to Montacute priory by undated charter[542]. Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record that "Henricus de Port" used to hold two knights` fees in Hampshire now held by "Johannes de Port"[543].

m MATILDA, daughter of ---. John de Port confirmed his father´s donations to Sherborne by undated charter witnessed by "his wife Maud and his sons Adam and Hugh"[544].

John & his wife had [four] children:

1. ADAM de Port ([1150/55]-[25 Jun/28 Jul] 1213). John de Port confirmed his father´s donations to Sherborne by undated charter witnessed by "his wife Maud and his sons Adam and Hugh"[545]. "Adam de Portu" confirmed the donation of land "of Warneford…Weleg" to Montacute priory, made by "Henry his grandfather and John his father", by undated charter[546]. The Red Book of the Exchequer refers to "Adam de Port filius Johannis de Port lv l, de novo xl s" in Hampshire in [1171/72][547]. The 1176/77 Pipe Roll names "Adam de Port filius Iohannis" in Hampshire[548]. The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1190/91], records "Adam de Port" paying "xxvii l x s, lv milites" in Hampshire, and "feoda Adam de Port de Kinetone" paying "xi l vi s vi d" in Herefordshire[549]. The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1194/95], records "feodum Adæ de Port" paying "xxii l, xiii milites" in Herefordshire, and also in Hampshire and Berkshire[550]. The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1196/97], records "Adam de Port" among those granted delay for payment "per brevia" in Kent[551]. The Testa de Nevill lists knights who held land from the king in Hertfordshire, dated to [1204/12]: "Adam de Portu" held land "in Clahall"[552]. The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Adam de Portu" holding one knight´s fee and one half "in Chesingebiria" in Wiltshire in [1210/12][553]. m firstly MABILE d´Orval, daughter of RENAUD d´Orval & his wife Muriel de Saint-Jean. A manuscript recording the founding of Boxgrove Priory, Sussex names "Mabiliam" as the daughter of “Willielmum et Robertum se sancto Johanne…Murielem sororem suam” and her husband “Reginaldo de Aurea-valle”, adding that she married "Adæ de Port"[554]. m secondly as her second husband, SIBYL, widow of WILLIAM de Ferrers Earl [of Derby], daughter of [WILLIAM de Briouse Lord of Bramber & his wife Bertha of Hereford]. The primary source which confirms her parentage and marriage has not yet been identified. Adam & his first wife had [four] children:

a) WILLIAM de St John (-1239). A manuscript recording the founding of Boxgrove Priory, Sussex names "Willielmum secundum" as the son of "Adæ de Port" and his wife[555]. "William de Sancto Johanne, son of Adam de Portu" confirmed the donation of land "of Warneford…Weleg" to Montacute priory, made by "Henry his triavus, John his grandfather and Adam his father", by undated charter[556]. “Willielmus de sancto Johanne, filius et heres Adæ de Port” confirmed donations to Boxgrove priory by “Robertus de Haia, Rogerus, et Willielmus et Robertus de sancto Johanne, antecessores mei", by undated charter, signed by "Philippo de Tresgoz, Richardo filio suo, Rogero Hay…", by undated charter[557]. m as her first husband, GODEHEUT Paynell, daughter of ---. A manuscript recording the founding of Boxgrove Priory, Sussex names "Godehelda filia N. Pagnell" as the wife of “Willielmum secundum”, son of "Adæ de Port"[558]. She married secondly (1242 or before) Richard de Lucy. William & his wife had five children:

i) GEOFFREY de St John .

ii) ROBERT de St John (-[11/25] Mar 1267). A manuscript recording the founding of Boxgrove Priory, Sussex names "Robertum" as the son of “Willielmum secundum”, son of "Adæ de Port"[559]. m as her first husband, AGNES de Cantelou, daughter of WILLIAM de Cantelou & his wife --- (-after 1279). A manuscript recording the founding of Boxgrove Priory, Sussex names "Agneta filia Willielmi de Cantilupo" as the wife of “Robertum”, son of "Willielmum secundum"[560]. She married secondly (before 4 Jun 1271) John de Turville. Robert & his wife had one child:

(a) JOHN de St John (-[20/29] Sep 1301). A manuscript recording the founding of Boxgrove Priory, Sussex names "Johannem" as the son of “Robertum [de sancto Johanne]” and his wife[561].

- see below.

iii) ADAM de St John .

iv) WILLIAM de St John .

v) GODEHEUT de St John . m firstly WILLIAM de Ros of Kent, son of ---. m secondly HUGH de Wyndleshores, son of ---.

b) [ROGER de St John . The parentage of Roger de St John has not been confirmed but it would fit from a chronological point of view if he was the son of Adam de Port. m (before 1212) --- de Lucy, sister of RICHARD de Lucy, daughter of --- de Lucy & his wife ---. Her marriage and family origin are confirmed by the Testa de Nevill which includes a writ of King John dated 1212 which records that "Richard de Lucy" gave "Wolenested…medietatem…hundredum de Tenhrigg" in Surrey to "Rogero de Sancto Johanne cum sorore sua in maritagium"[562].]

c) [JOHN de St John (-after 1219). The Testa de Nevill includes a list of landholdings in Yorkshire, dated 1219, which includes "Johannes de Sancto Johanne" holding land in "hundredo de Bulenden et de Soteleu" in Oxfordshire[563]. The parentage of John de St John has not been confirmed but from a chronological point of view he could have been the son of Adam de Port. m as her first husband, EMMA d'Harcourt, daughter of RICHARD d'Harcourt & his wife --- (-after 1265). . She married secondly Geoffrey le Despencer. Henry III King of England granted custody of land of "Johannis de Sancto Johanne", during the minority of his heirs, to "Galfrido Dispensario" and granted the marriage of "dictorum heredum" to "Hugoni Dispensario fratri ipsius Galfridi" dated [Apr] 1230[564]. King Henry III granted custody of lands of "Johannis de Sancto Johanne" to "Galfrido Dispensario…et Emma uxor eius", until the majority of his heirs, dated 21 Dec 1231[565].]

d) JOAN de Port (-[1204/13]). The early 13th century Histoire de Guillaume le Maréchal records that "la fillie sire Adam de Port" married "son frére" (indicating the brother of William Marshal Earl of Pembroke)[566]. "Ric de Riveriis" paid a fine to marry "filia Ade de Port", dated [1200/01][567]. m firstly JOHN "the Marshal", son of JOHN FitzGilbert "the Marshal" & his second wife Sibyl of Salisbury ([1144/45]-Mar 1194, bur Bradenstoke). m secondly ([1200/01]) as his second wife, RICHARD de Rivers, son of --- (-[4 Dec 1221/15 Mar 1222]).

2. HUGH de Port . John de Port confirmed his father´s donations to Sherborne by undated charter witnessed by "his wife Maud and his sons Adam and Hugh"[568].

3. THOMAS . The 1176/77 Pipe Roll names "Tomas filius Matildis de Port" in Hampshire[569].

4. [GILBERT de Port (-after 1212). The Testa de Nevill includes a writ of King John dated 1212 which records that "Gilbertus de Port" held "Thornton…hundredum de Gillingeham" in Dorset, adding that it was "per servicium…de excæta de feodo qui fuit Ade de Port fugitivi"[570]. The relationship between Adam de Port and Gilbert de Port has not been ascertained. They could not have been father and son, as Adam´s descendants adopted the name St John. It is possible that they were brothers.]

JOHN de St John, son of ROBERT de St John & his wife Agnes de Cantelou (-[20/29] Sep 1301). A manuscript recording the founding of Boxgrove Priory, Sussex names "Johannem" as the son of “Robertum [de sancto Johanne]” and his wife[571].

m (before 29 Jun 1256) ALICE, daughter of REGINALD FitzPiers & his first wife Alice --- (-after 1305). A manuscript recording the founding of Boxgrove Priory, Sussex names "Alicia filia Reginaldi filii Petri" as the wife of “Johannem [de sancto Johanne]”[572].

John & his wife had one child:

1. JOHN de St John ([1371/74]-before 4 Apr 1329). A manuscript recording the founding of Boxgrove Priory, Sussex names "Johannem" as the son of “Johannem [de sancto Johanne]” and his wife[573]. He was summoned to Parliament in 1299 whereby he is held to have become Lord St John. m firstly ISABEL de Courtenay, daughter of Sir HUGH de Courtenay of Okehampton, Devon & his wife Eleanor le Despencer (-after Feb 1323). A manuscript recording the founding of Boxgrove Priory, Sussex names "Isabellam filiam nobilis viri Hugonis de Cortenay" as the wife of “Johannes secundus [de sancto Johanne]”[574]. m secondly as her first husband, ALICE, daughter of ---. She married secondly (after 22 Jun 1333) as his second wife, Sir Reynold de Pavely. John & his first wife had two children:

a) WILLIAM de St John (14 Jun 1309-). A manuscript recording the founding of Boxgrove Priory, Sussex names "W. et Hugonem" as the sons of “Johannes secundus [de sancto Johanne]” and his wife, adding the former was born "XVIII Kal Jul" in 1309 but died childless[575].

b) HUGH de St John (-before 25 Oct 1335). A manuscript recording the founding of Boxgrove Priory, Sussex names "W. et Hugonem" as the sons of “Johannes secundus [de sancto Johanne]” and his wife[576]. He succeeded his father as Lord St John, but was never summoned to Parliament. m as her first husband, MIRABEL, daughter of ---. She married secondly (before 10 Mar 1337) Thomas de Aspale of Kent. Hugh & his wife had three children:

i) EDMUND de St John ([1332/33]-Calais 18 Aug 1347). A manuscript recording the founding of Boxgrove Priory, Sussex names "Edmundum" as the son of “Hugonem [de sancto Johanne]”, adding that he died childless and was succeeded by his sisters who divided "baroniam de Halnak"[577]. He succeeded his father as Lord St John. m as her first husband, ELIZABETH, daughter of --- (-[14/16] Sep 1362). She married secondly (before 3 Jul 1354) as his second wife, Gerard de Lisle Lord Lisle of Kingston Lisle, and thirdly Sir Richard Pembrugge.

ii) MARGARET de St John (-19 Oct 1361). m ---.

iii) ISABEL de St John (-[16/17] Oct 1393). A manuscript recording the founding of Boxgrove Priory, Sussex records that "Isabella" one sister of “Edmundus [de sancto Johanne]” married "Bartholomeo Burghersh juniori", divided "baroniam de Halnak" with her sister after their brother died, but died childless by her first husband and married secondly "nobilis vir dominus Lucas de Poinings, qui genuit Thomam de Poininges, qui Thomas genuit Hugonem ex domina Johanna Strange, qui Hugo genuit filios et filias"[578]. m firstly (Aug 1347 or before) HENRY de Burghersh, son of BARTHOLOMEW de Burghersh Lord Burghersh & his wife Elizabeth de Verdon (-Nov 1348). m secondly (before 29 Jan 1349) LUKE de Poynings, son of THOMAS de Poynings Lord Poynings & his wife Agnes de Rokesle (-[5 Jun/4 Jul] 1376).

Chapter 10. RIDEL

A. RIDEL

1. GEOFFREY Ridel (-1120). Ingulph's Chronicle of the Abbey of Croyland records that "Joffrid Ridel and Geva his wife and his sister the lady Hawise" visited Croyland (dated to 1114)[579]. Dapifer. He was granted Drayton Basset in Staffordshire. Orderic Vitalis names "Goisfredus Ridel" among those who drowned in the White Ship in 1120[580]. m GEVA, illegitimate daughter of HUGUES d´Avranches Earl of Chester & his mistress ---. “Geva, filia Hugonis comitis Cestriæ, uxor Galfridi Ridelli” founded Canwell priory, with the consent of “Ranulfi comitis Cestriæ cognate mei…hæredum meorum…Gaufridi Ridelli et Radulfi Basset”, by undated charter[581]. Ingulph's Chronicle of the Abbey of Croyland records that "Joffrid Ridel and Geva his wife and his sister the lady Hawise" visited Croyland (dated to 1114)[582]. "Radulphus comes Cestriæ, Willelmo Constabulario et Roberto dapifero" confirmed the grant of "Draitune…in libero conjugio" to "Gevæ Ridel, filiæ comitis Hughes" by charter dated to [1120][583]. Geoffrey & his wife had three children:

a) ROBERT Ridel ([after 1100/05]-after 1120). Henry I King of England confirmed that he had granted "filiam Galfridi Ridel in uxorem" to "Ricardo Basset", together with the wardship of "terre predicti G. Ridel" until "Robertus Ridel" became a knight and married "neptem Radulfi Basset, scilicet filiam cuiusdam filie sue de muliere", by charter dated to [1120/23][584].

b) MATILDA . Henry I King of England confirmed that he had granted "filiam Galfridi Ridel in uxorem" to "Ricardo Basset", together with the wardship of "terre predicti G. Ridel" until "Robertus Ridel" became a knight and married "neptem Radulfi Basset, scilicet filiam cuiusdam filie sue de muliere", by charter dated to [1120/23][585]. Her parentage and marriage are confirmed by the charter under which Empress Matilda granted property held by "pater eius Ricardus Basset…[et] Galfridi Ridel avi sui" to "Galfrido Ridel filio Ricardi Basset", dated to [1144/46][586]. m ([1120/23]) RICHARD Basset, son of RALPH Basset & his wife A--- (-1144).

c) MABEL (-after 1130). The Descriptio militum de Abbatia de Burgo (later addition dated to the reign of King Henry III) names "Ricardum et Girardum" as the children of "Asketillus de Sancto Medardo", adding that Richard married "Mabilla Ridel" by whom he had "Galfridum de Sancto Medardo et Hugonem Ridel"[587]. The 1130 Pipe Roll records "Wills Flandr" accounting for "Mabilia uxore Ric de sco Medardo cu dote sua" in Northamptonshire[588]. m RICHARD de Saint-Médard, son of ANSKETIL de Saint-Médard & his wife --- (-before 1130).

2. HAWISE . Ingulph's Chronicle of the Abbey of Croyland records that "Joffrid Ridel and Geva his wife and his sister the lady Hawise" visited Croyland (dated to 1114)[589].

B. RIDEL (BASSET)

GEOFFREY Ridel, son of RICHARD Basset & his wife Matilda Ridel (-1180). Empress Matilda granted property held by "pater eius Ricardus Basset…[et] Galfridi Ridel avi sui" to "Galfrido Ridel filio Ricardi Basset" by charter dated to [1144/46], witnessed by "…Walchelino Maminot [et] Rogero filio"[590]. "Galfridus Ridel" granted Colston "de feodo meo quæ fuit Gevæ Ridel avæ nostræ…Draituna", which "Radulfus Basset avus meus et Ricardus Basset pater noster" had granted, to "Radulfo Basset fratri meo", as well as other grants naming "Matildis Ridel matris meæ", by charter dated to [1150][591]. "Robertus de Stafford" confirmed "terram de Madeleya" to "Galfrido Ridel", with the consent of "domine Amicie uxori sue", by undated charter[592]. "Gaufridus Ridel" confirmed a grant of property to "Johanni de Stutuilla" in his fee by charter dated to [1160], witnessed by "…R. filius Nicolai de Stutavilla, Thomas frater suus…"[593]. "Gaufridus Ridel" granted various properties in the counties of Leicester, Rutland and Northampton to "Johanni fratri meo" by charter dated to [1160], witnessed by "…Radulfus Basset, Richardus Basset, W. Basset…Hugo Ridel…"[594]. The Red Book of the Exchequer refers to "Galfridus Ridel iv l iv s vii d" in Warwickshire, Leicestershire in [1161/62][595]. Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record that "Galfridus Ridel" held one knight´s fee from "Roberti di Staffordia" in Staffordshire, and records the knights´ fees held from "Galfridus Ridel" in Northamptonshire, previously held by "Ricardus Basset pater suus" during the reign of King Henry I[596].

m firstly AMICE, daughter of ---. "Robertus de Stafford" confirmed "terram de Madeleya" to "Galfrido Ridel", with the consent of "domine Amicie uxori sue", by undated charter[597].

m secondly SIBYLLA Mauduit, daughter of WILLIAM Mauduit & his wife Matilda de Hanslope (-after 1185). The Rotuli de Dominabus of 1185 records property “in Westone” held by “Sibilla que fuit uxor Galfridi Ridel, et soror Willelmi Mauduit”, adding that she has “ii filios et i filiam”, but that “Ricardus Basset, qui fuit de prima uxore viri sui” was the heir[598]. Another passage in the same source records property “in Frixtone” held by “Sibilla que fuit uxor Gaufridi Ridel et soror Willelmi Mauduit”, adding that “Gaufridus Basset ei dedit in dotem” and that “Ricardus Basset” is heir[599].

Geoffrey & his first wife had one child:

1. RICHARD Basset (-1217). The Rotuli de Dominabus of 1185 records property “in Westone” held by “Sibilla que fuit uxor Galfridi Ridel, et soror Willelmi Mauduit”, adding that she has “ii filios et i filiam”, but that “Ricardus Basset, qui fuit de prima uxore viri sui” was the heir[600].

- BASSET of WELDON, NORTHAMPTONSHIRE.

Geoffrey & his second wife had three children:

2. [GEOFFREY Ridel (-before 11 Aug 1203). The Rotuli de Dominabus of 1185 records property “in Westone” held by “Sibilla que fuit uxor Galfridi Ridel, et soror Willelmi Mauduit”, adding that she has “ii filios et i filiam”, but that “Ricardus Basset, qui fuit de prima uxore viri sui” was the heir[601]. An order of King John dated 11 Aug 1203 grants "terre et heredis Gaufridi Ridell fratris sui qui mortuus est" to "S. Ridell"[602]. It is not known whether these brothers were the sons of Geoffrey Ridel by his second wife.]

3. [S--- Ridel (-after 11 Aug 1203). The Rotuli de Dominabus of 1185 records property “in Westone” held by “Sibilla que fuit uxor Galfridi Ridel, et soror Willelmi Mauduit”, adding that she has “ii filios et i filiam”, but that “Ricardus Basset, qui fuit de prima uxore viri sui” was the heir[603]. An order of King John dated 11 Aug 1203 grants "terre et heredis Gaufridi Ridell fratris sui qui mortuus est" to "S. Ridell"[604]. It is not known whether these brothers were the sons of Geoffrey Ridel by his second wife.]

4. daughter . The Rotuli de Dominabus of 1185 records property “in Westone” held by “Sibilla que fuit uxor Galfridi Ridel, et soror Willelmi Mauduit”, adding that she has “ii filios et i filiam”, but that “Ricardus Basset, qui fuit de prima uxore viri sui” was the heir[605].

Chapter 11. RIE

1. HUBERT de Rie . m ---. The name of Hubert´s wife is not known. Hubert & his wife had six children:

a) EUDES de Rie (-1 Mar 1120, bur Colchester). His parentage is confirmed by the History of the foundation of St John´s abbey, Colchester which names “Eudoni…major domus regiæ”, “pater…eius…Hubertus de Ria, qui internuntius et sequester inter ducem Normanniæ et regem Angliæ…”, his three brothers “Radulfus...custodia castelli et comitatus Notingehamiæ, Hubertus…turris Norwici…Adam…in Cantia”, and “Roasya uxor eius…Gilbertum comes, Rohaisæ frater”[606]. "…Eudo dapifer" witnessed the charter dated to [1072] under which William I King of England summoned knights to attend Easter at Clarendon[607]. "…Eudo de Ria fitz Hubert…Engelramn fitz Hubert [=Hilbert]…" witnessed the charter dated 14 Jul 1080 under which William I King of England confirmed the foundation of the abbey of Lessay[608]. The Chronicon Rameseiensis records the donations made by "Eudo…dapifer Regis…sororis suæ Muriellæ" dated to [1080], witnessed by "…Radulfo fratre Ilgeri, Rogero vicecomite et Osberno sororio Eudonis et Walgero filio eius…"[609]. "…Eudo, Adam brother of Eudo…Richard de Meri, Geoffrey de Sai, Robert de Oilli" witnessed the charter dated 1084 under which William I King of England confirmed a donation by Roger de Albini to Lessay Holy Trinity[610]. "…Eudo dapifer, Ivo dapifer, Hanno dapifer…" witnessed the charter dated 27 Jan 1091 under which William II King of England confirmed the status of Bath abbey[611]. The History of the foundation of St John´s abbey, Colchester records the death “pridie Kal Mar 1120” of “Eudoni…major domus regiæ”, and that “Waltherius eius nepos” brought his body for burial[612]. Dapifer. m ROHESE, daughter of ---. The sources are contradictory regarding Rohese´s parentage. According to Guillaume de Jumièges and the Genealogia Fundatoris of Tintern Abbey, she was Rohese, widow of Richard FitzGilbert de Brionne, daughter of Gauthier Giffard & his wife Ermengarde (-after 1113, bur [Colchester]). Guillaume de Jumièges records that "Gautier-Giffard 1er" & his wife had several daughters, of whom Rohais married "Richard fils du comte Gilbert"[613]. According to the Genealogia Fundatoris of Tintern Abbey, Monmouthshire, ”Rohesia” married secondly “Eudoni dapifero Regis Normanniæ” after the death of “Ricardo filio comitis Gisleberti” and that they were both buried “tempore Henrici primi” in “castrum Clecestriæ…cœnobio in honore sancti Johannis” which Eudo constructed[614]. According to the Complete Peerage, this genealogy is “probably erroneous” but it does not explain the basis for the doubts[615]. From a chronological point of view, the connection would be tight, assuming that the death date of Richard FitzGilbert is correctly estimated to [1090] and the birth of Rohese´s granddaughter by her alleged second marriage, Beatrix, is correctly assessed at [1105]. An alternative perspective is provided by the History of the foundation of St John´s abbey, Colchester which names “Eudoni…major domus regiæ” and “Roasya uxor eius…Gilbertum comes, Rohaisæ frater”[616]. If this is correct, she would have been Rohese, daughter of Richard FitzGilbert de Brionne & his wife Rohese Giffard (-7 Jan 1121, bur Le Bec, Normandy[617]), therefore the daughter of the previous Rohese. Eudes & his wife had [one possible child]:

i) MARGUERITE ([1080/90]-). The Genealogia Fundatoris of Tintern Abbey, Monmouthshire names “Margareta” as daughter of “Eudoni dapifero Regis Normanniæ” and “Rohesia”, adding that she married “Willielmo de Mandavill” by whom she was mother of “Gaufridi filii comitis Essexiæ et iure matris Normanniæ dapifer”[618]. According to the Complete Peerage, this genealogy is “probably erroneous” but it does not explain the basis for the doubts[619]. Marguerite´s second marriage is suggested by the charter dated [1141/42] under which Empress Matilda made various grants of property including a grant to "Willelmo filio Otuel fratri…Comitis Gaufredi"[620]. The only Ottiwell has been identified was the illegitimate son of Hugh Earl of Chester. m firstly ([1100/05]) WILLIAM de Mandeville, son of GEOFFREY de Mandeville & his first wife Adelisia --- (-[1116]). m secondly ([1116/19]) OTTIWELL, [maybe OTTIWELL FitzHugh, illegitimate son of HUGH Earl of Chester & his mistress ---] (-drowned off Barfleur, Normandy 25 Nov 1120).

b) RAOUL . The History of the foundation of St John´s abbey, Colchester names “Eudoni…major domus regiæ”, “pater…eius…Hubertus de Ria, qui internuntius et sequester inter ducem Normanniæ et regem Angliæ…”, his three brothers “Radulfus...custodia castelli et comitatus Notingehamiæ, Hubertus…turris Norwici…Adam…in Cantia”, and “Roasya uxor eius…Gilbertum comes, Rohaisæ frater”[621]. Constable of Nottingham.

c) HUBERT (-before 1127). The History of the foundation of St John´s abbey, Colchester names “Eudoni…major domus regiæ”, “pater…eius…Hubertus de Ria, qui internuntius et sequester inter ducem Normanniæ et regem Angliæ…”, his three brothers “Radulfus...custodia castelli et comitatus Notingehamiæ, Hubertus…turris Norwici…Adam…in Cantia”, and “Roasya uxor eius…Gilbertum comes, Rohaisæ frater”[622].

- see below.

d) ADAM . The History of the foundation of St John´s abbey, Colchester names “Eudoni…major domus regiæ”, “pater…eius…Hubertus de Ria, qui internuntius et sequester inter ducem Normanniæ et regem Angliæ…”, his three brothers “Radulfus...custodia castelli et comitatus Notingehamiæ, Hubertus…turris Norwici…Adam…in Cantia”, and “Roasya uxor eius…Gilbertum comes, Rohaisæ frater”[623]. Custodian of Kent castle. "…Eudo, Adam brother of Eudo…Richard de Meri, Geoffrey de Sai, Robert de Oilli" witnessed the charter dated 1084 under which William I King of England confirmed a donation by Roger de Albini to Lessay Holy Trinity[624].

e) ROBERT (-1082). Orderic Vitalis records that "Rodbertus Huberti de Ria filius" was appointed bishop of Evreux, dated to [1070][625].

f) MURIEL . The Chronicon Rameseiensis records the donations made by "Eudo…dapifer Regis…sororis suæ Muriellæ" dated to [1080], witnessed by "…Radulfo fratre Ilgeri, Rogero vicecomite et Osberno sororio Eudonis et Walgero filio eius…"[626]. The charter does not specify that the witness Osbern was the husband of Muriel, as well as brother-in-law of Eudes, but this appears probable. [m OSBERN, son of ---. Osbern & his wife had one child]:

i) [WALGER . The Chronicon Rameseiensis records the donations made by "Eudo…dapifer Regis…sororis suæ Muriellæ" dated to [1080], witnessed by "…Radulfo fratre Ilgeri, Rogero vicecomite et Osberno sororio Eudonis et Walgero filio eius…"[627].]

2. [--- .] m ---. One child:

a) ROGER . "…Rogerius nepos Huberti de Ria…" witnessed a charter dated to [1070/80] which records that "Hubertus Ribola et Garsendis uxore eius" wrongly made claims to "ecclesia Sancte Marie de Curte Dominica"[628].

1. --- de Rie . m BEATRIX de Grantmesnil, daughter of --- de Grantmesnil & his wife Emma ---. "Beatrix de Rye" donated property to Saint-Jean-de-Falaise, for the health of "Emma sa mère et de Guillaume de Grentesmesnil son frère" and confirmed their donations to the abbey, in return for a horse for "son fils Guillaume de Rye", by undated charter witnessed by "Guillaume de Creully, Henri de Pont-Audemer, Michel Belet et Julien de Rye"[629]. One child:

a) GUILLAUME de Rie . "Beatrix de Rye" donated property to Saint-Jean-de-Falaise, for the health of "Emma sa mère et de Guillaume de Grentesmesnil son frère" and confirmed their donations to the abbey, in return for a horse for "son fils Guillaume de Rye", by undated charter witnessed by "Guillaume de Creully, Henri de Pont-Audemer, Michel Belet et Julien de Rye"[630].

HUBERT de Rie, son of HUBERT de Rie & his wife --- (-before 1127). The History of the foundation of St John´s abbey, Colchester names “Eudoni…major domus regiæ”, “pater…eius…Hubertus de Ria, qui internuntius et sequester inter ducem Normanniæ et regem Angliæ…”, his three brothers “Radulfus...custodia castelli et comitatus Notingehamiæ, Hubertus…turris Norwici…Adam…in Cantia”, and “Roasya uxor eius…Gilbertum comes, Rohaisæ frater”[631]. Custodian of Norwich castle. "…Hubert de Rye…" witnessed the charter dated 1091 under which William II King of England confirmed the possessions of the church of Salisbury[632]. “…Hubert de Ria…” witnessed the charter dated [May 1092] under which William II King of England confirmed previous grants to Lincoln cathedral[633]. “…Huberti de Ria…” witnessed the charter dated Sep 1093 under which William II King of England donated property to Lincoln cathedral[634]. Henry I King of England confirmed the donation of "decimas de Hokeringhe, de Swanetuna, de Depham, de Bukestuna, de Mercheshale" by "Hubertus de Ria…Agnes de Belfo uxor eius…cum Ricardo filio suo" to Holy Trinity, Norwich, at the request of "Henrici filii et heredis ipsorum", by charter dated to [1127][635].

m as her second husband, AGNES de Tosny, widow of RALPH de Belfou, daughter of ROBERT de Tosny of Belvoir & his wife --- (-before 1127). “Agnes de Toteneio” confirmed the donation to Belvoir priory, Lincolnshire by "pater meus Robertus de Toteneio et mater mea Adelais", by undated charter[636]. Henry I King of England confirmed the donation of "decimas de Hokeringhe, de Swanetuna, de Depham, de Bukestuna, de Mercheshale" by "Hubertus de Ria…Agnes de Belfo uxor eius…cum Ricardo filio suo" to Holy Trinity, Norwich, at the request of "Henrici filii et heredis ipsorum", by charter dated to [1127][637]. Her second marriage is confirmed by the undated charter under which her son “Henricus de Rya” confirmed the donations to Belvoir priory, Lincolnshire by "Roberti avi mei et Agnetis matris meæ"[638].

Hubert & his wife had one child:

1. HENRY de Rie (-after 1166). Henry I King of England confirmed the donation of "decimas de Hokeringhe, de Swanetuna, de Depham, de Bukestuna, de Mercheshale" by "Hubertus de Ria…Agnes de Belfo uxor eius…cum Ricardo filio suo" to Holy Trinity, Norwich, at the request of "Henrici filii et heredis ipsorum", by charter dated to [1127][639]. The 1130 Pipe Roll records "Henric de Ria" in Norfolk[640]. “Henricus de Rya” confirmed the donations to Belvoir priory, Lincolnshire by "Roberti avi mei et Agnetis matris meæ", by undated charter[641]. King Stephen confirmed the exchange of land between the see of Canterbury and "Henricus de Ria" (confirming the exchange made by "Hubertus de Ria pater Henrici eis in morte sua") by charter dated to after 19 Aug 1146[642]. Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record that "Henricus de Ria" held three knights´ fees from the bishop of Ely in Cambridgeshire[643]. m AVELINE, daughter of ---. A charter extract, undated, records a grant to "Avelinæ uxori Henrico de Ria", another "ad faciendum Hubertum de Ria militem", a third "ad sororem suam maritandam", and a last "dominus Reginaldus de Warenna suscepit terram Huberti"[644]. The 1167/68 Pipe Roll records payment by "Auelina de Ria" for "filius suus Mil q erat in custodia Regis" in Norfolk/Suffolk[645]. The 1176/77 Pipe Roll names "Auelina de Ria…pro filio suo quem fecit militem dum esset in custodia regis" in Norfolk and Suffolk[646]. Henry & his wife had three children:

a) HUBERT de Rie (-after 1171). A charter extract, undated, records a grant to "Avelinæ uxori Henrico de Ria", another "ad faciendum Hubertum de Ria militem", a third "ad sororem suam maritandam", and a last "dominus Reginaldus de Warenna suscepit terram Huberti"[647]. This document suggests that Hubert was the son of Henry and Aveline, which appears confirmed by another charter extract which clarifies his sister´s marriage (see below). The Red Book of the Exchequer refers to "Hubertus de rya xx l" in Yorkshire in [1161/62][648]. The 1167/68 Pipe Roll records payment by "Auelina de Ria" for "filius suus Mil q erat in custodia Regis" in Norfolk/Suffolk[649]. The Red Book of the Exchequer refers to "Hubert de Rie xxxv l per Rogerum de Warenne" in Norfolk, Suffolk in [1171/72][650].

b) daughter . A charter extract, undated, records a grant to "Avelinæ uxori Henrico de Ria", another "ad faciendum Hubertum de Ria militem", a third "ad sororem suam maritandam", and a last "dominus Reginaldus de Warenna suscepit terram Huberti"[651]. This extract is clarified, concerning the last point, by another charter extract, also undated, which records that "dominus Reginaldus de Warenna suscepit terram Huberti de Ria…ad filiam Henrici de Ria maritandam"[652]. The chronology of the Rie family suggests that this marriage took place in [1160/70]. m ([1160/70]) RAINALD de Warenne, son of [RAINALD de Warenne & his wife Alice de Wormgay].

c) daughter . A charter extract, undated, records "de terra Willelmi filii Baldrici de Tunestale, ad maritandam filiam Henrici de Ria"[653]. m WILLIAM FitzBaldric de Tunstall, son of BALDRIC & his wife ---.

1. HUBERT de Rie (-[1196/1207]). The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1190/91], records "feoda Huberti de Rya" paying "xvii l x s, per Robertum de Tresgoz, xxxv milites" in Norfolk, Suffolk[654]. The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1196/97], records "Hubertus de Rya" paying "xxxv l" in Norfolk, Suffolk[655]. m ---. The name of Hubert´s wife is not known. Hubert & his wife had two children:

a) AVELINE de Rie (-[1266/67]). An order dated 1207 records "Avelina et Isabel filæ et heredes Hub de Rye", in Norfolk[656]. Her marriage is suggested by the Red Book of the Exchequer which records "Johannes Marscallus et Rogerus de Cressi" [the latter married to Aveline´s younger sister] holding 18 knights´ fees "de baronia Huberti de Ria" in Norfolk, Suffolk in [1210/12][657]. John Marshal gave land in Foulsham, Norfolk to Walsingham priory for the souls of "himself and his wife Aline, for John and Alice, his father and mother, for William Marshal the Earl and Isabel his wife, and for Hubert and Margaret de Rye"[658]. An undated writ "52 Hen III", after the death of "Aelina Marescall alias la Marischal", names "John son of Sir William le Mareschal […her son], aged 12, is her heir"[659]. m ([1200]) JOHN Marshall, illegitimate son of JOHN the Marshal & his mistress Alice --- (-1235). Marshal of Ireland.

b) ISABEL de Rie . "Rob fil Rog" paid a fine for "juniori filia Hubti de Ria ut ipsa maritanda cuidam nepoti suo" in Norfolk & Suffolk, dated 1199[660]. An order dated 1207 records "Avelina et Isabel filæ et heredes Hub de Rye", in Norfolk[661]. "Rog de Cressy" paid a fine for "heritanda I ux Ysabell q fuit uxor Gaufridi de Cestr", dated 1207[662]. The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Henricus filius Hugonis de Neville" holding one knight´s fee in Lincolnshire in [1210/12][663]. The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Johannes Marscallus et Rogerus de Cressi" holding 18 knights´ fees "de baronia Huberti de Ria" in Norfolk, Suffolk in [1210/12][664]. m firstly ([1199]) GEOFFREY de Chester, son of [ROBERT FitzRoger & his wife --- (-before 1207). m secondly (1207 or before) ROGER de Cressy, son of --- (-1246).

Two brothers:

1. TOUSTAIN de Rie . m AGNES de Raveston, daughter of --- (-after 1215). "Agnes de Raveston, femme de Toustain de Rye chevalier" donated property to Saint-Jean-de-Falaise, with the consent of "son fils Robert de Rye", by charter dated 1215[665]. Toustain & his wife had one child:

a) ROBERT de Rie (-after 1215). "Agnes de Raveston, femme de Toustain de Rye chevalier" donated property to Saint-Jean-de-Falaise, with the consent of "son fils Robert de Rye", by charter dated 1215[666].

2. ROBERT de Rie . "Robert de Rye" confirmed the donation to the abbey of Saint-André-en-Gouffern by "son frère Toustain chevalier", by undated charter[667].

Chapter 12. RIVERS

1. RICHARD de Rivers (-[4 Dec 1221/15 Mar 1222]). m firstly (repudiated) [as her first husband,] --- (-after 1200). "Rog de Planes" paid a fine to marry "uxorem quem prima habuit Ric de Riveriis cum terra sua", dated 1200[668]. m secondly ([1200/01]) as her second husband, JOAN de Port, widow of JOHN "the Marshal", daughter of ADAM de Port Lord of Basing & his first wife Mabile d´Orval (-[1204/13]). "Ric de Riveriis" paid a fine to marry "filia Ade de Port", dated [1200/01][669]. m thirdly (after 19 Jan 1214) as her second husband, MATILDA de Beauchamp alias de Lucy, widow of GEOFFREY de Lascelles, daughter of WILLIAM de Beauchamp & his wife Matilda de Lucy (-before 19 Jul 1243). "Ricardus de Ripar" made a fine to marry "Matilld de Lucy dña de Angr", dated 19 Jan 1214[670]. King John granted a licence for "Matillid de Angr uxori Ric de Ripar" relating to her inheritance dated 17 Jun 1216[671]. The Testa de Nevill includes a list of landholdings in the honour of Boulogne, dated to [1217/18], which includes "Ricardus de Rupar cum Mathilde de Lucy" holding "iii milites in Hangr, Roing, Stanford, Cristeshal et in Codrelie in Herfordsir"[672]. An undated writ after the death of "Maud de Lucy" fails to decide whether her heir was "Sir B. de Ripariis her younger son" or "the son of Sir Richard de Ripariis who was the son of her elder son and who died before her decease", adding that "the son of the said Sir Richard was 4 years old on the morrow of the Nativity of the Blessed Mary 27 [or 28?] Hen III"[673]. Richard & his third wife had two children:

a) RICHARD de Rivers (-before 25 Apr 1243). An undated writ after the death of "Maud de Lucy" fails to decide whether her heir was "Sir B. de Ripariis her younger son" or "the son of Sir Richard de Ripariis who was the son of her elder son and who died before her decease", adding that "the son of the said Sir Richard was 4 years old on the morrow of the Nativity of the Blessed Mary 27 [or 28?] Hen III"[674]. m ([1237/39]) MARGARET Bisset, daughter of JOHN Bisset & his wife Alice Basset (-Dec 1256 or before). Richard & his wife had three children:

i) JOHN de Rivers (9 Sep [1239/40]-before 1 Apr 1294). An undated writ after the death of "Maud de Lucy" fails to decide whether her heir was "Sir B. de Ripariis her younger son" or "the son of Sir Richard de Ripariis who was the son of her elder son and who died before her decease", adding that "the son of the said Sir Richard was 4 years old on the morrow of the Nativity of the Blessed Mary 27 [or 28?] Hen III"[675]. His name and parentage are confirmed by the charter dated 6 Feb 1255 under which "Sir Philip Basset" demised to "Sir Richard de Tany" the marriage of "John de Ripariis son of Richard de Ripariis and heir of lady Maud de Lucy"[676]. [m firstly] (Betrothed 6 Feb 1255) MARY de Tany, daughter of RICHARD de Tany & his wife Margery de Stapelford (-after Feb 1255). Her betrothal is confirmed by a charter dated 6 Feb 1255 under which "Sir Philip Basset" demised to "Sir Richard de Tany" the marriage of "John de Ripariis son of Richard de Ripariis and heir of lady Maud de Lucy" for "one of the daughters of the said Richard" and "the marriage of Maud sister of the said John for…one of his sons", which also names "Sir Richard de Tany and Margery his wife, daughter and heir of Sir William son of Richard de Stapelford"[677]. No record has been found to indicate that this marriage was finalised. m [secondly] MATILDA de Creye, daughter of --- de Creye & his wife ---. [m] [thirdly] CHRISTIANA, daughter of --- (-after 1295).] John & his [second] wife had two children:

(a) JOHN de Rivers ([1267/68]-after 1321). He was summoned to parliament in 1299 whereby he is held to have become Lord Rivers. m ---. John & his wife had one child:

(1) JOHN de Rivers (-[15 Oct/13 Dec] 1310). m HELEN, daughter of --- (-after 1325). John & his wife had one child:

a. JOHN de Rivers ([1304/05]-after 1347).

(2) EDMUND de Rivers . m ---. The name of Edmund´s wife is not known. Edmund & his wife had one child:

a. KATHERINE de Rivers . m firstly WILLIAM de Lekehull, son of ---. m secondly JOHN Hall of Sussex, son of ---.

(3) CHRISTIANA de Rivers . m ROBERT de Bulkeley of Eaton, Cheshire, son of ---.

(b) JOAN de Rivers . m Sir WILLIAM de Tracy, son of ---.

ii) --- de Rivers (-before Feb 1255).

iii) MATILDA de Rivers (-after Feb 1255). Her betrothal is confirmed by a charter dated 6 Feb 1255 under which "Sir Philip Basset" demised to "Sir Richard de Tany" the marriage of "John de Ripariis son of Richard de Ripariis and heir of lady Maud de Lucy" for "one of the daughters of the said Richard" and "the marriage of Maud sister of the said John for…one of his sons"[678]. No record has been found to indicate that this marriage was finalised. Betrothed (6 Feb 1255) --- de Tany, son of RICHARD de Tany & his wife ---.

b) BALDWIN de Rivers (-1256). An undated writ after the death of "Maud de Lucy" fails to decide whether her heir was "Sir B. de Ripariis her younger son" or "the son of Sir Richard de Ripariis who was the son of her elder son and who died before her decease", adding that "the son of the said Sir Richard was 4 years old on the morrow of the Nativity of the Blessed Mary 27 [or 28?] Hen III"[679].

Chapter 13. ROLLOS

1. WILLIAM de Rollos (-before 1130). The 1130 Pipe Roll records "Baldwinus filius Gisleb" for "terra Willi de Rullos cum filia Ric fratris sui" in Lincolnshire[680].

2. RICHARD de Rollos (-[after 1130]). "Ricardus de Roll[os]" is named holding land "in Thorp et in Twyford" in Lodinton Hundred, Gosecote Wapentake in the Leicestershire survey, dated to [1124/29][681]. The 1130 Pipe Roll records "Baldwinus filius Gisleb" for "terra Willi de Rullos cum filia Ric fratris sui" in Lincolnshire[682]. The 1130 Pipe Roll records "---ic de Rullos" in Westmoreland[683]. “Richard de Rollos" donated the church of St Martin of Rollos to the priory of Saint-Etienne, Plessis-Grimould, with the consent of "his sons Richard and Robert”, by charter dated to [1130][684]. m EMMA, daughter of ---. Domesday Descendants cites a charter which names Richard de Rollo´s wife as Emma and suggests that she was one of the daughters of "the Breton Enison Musard" who held a fief in the honour of Richmond, later recorded as held by Richard[685]. Ingulph's Chronicle of the Abbey of Croyland records that "Richard de Rulos" married "the daughter and heiress of Hugh de Evermue, lord of Brunne and Depyng"[686]. If this is correct, she was [Emma] de Evermou, daughter of Hugh de Evermou & his wife --- de Bourne. Round dismisses this alleged parentage and marriage as chronologically impossible, although his explanation of the chronological difficulties does not appear to be correct[687]. Nevertheless, Ingulph´s Chronicle is, in any case, of dubious authority. Richard & his wife had four children:

a) RICHARD de Rollos (-after [1141/63]). “Richard de Rollos" donated the church of St Martin of Rollos to the priory of Saint-Etienne, Plessis-Grimould, with the consent of "his sons Richard and Robert”, by charter dated to [1130][688]. “Richard the second de Rollos" donated the churches of Burcy and Saint-Martin de Trottemer to the priory of Saint-Etienne, Plessis-Grimould, for his soul and that of "his wife”, by charter dated to [1141/63][689]. m ---.

b) ROBERT de Rollos . “Richard de Rollos" donated the church of St Martin of Rollos to the priory of Saint-Etienne, Plessis-Grimould, with the consent of "his sons Richard and Robert”, by charter dated to [1130][690].

c) WILLIAM de Rollos . He is named in Domesday Descendants, without citing the corresponding primary source[691].

d) ADELINA de Rollos (-after 1130). The 1130 Pipe Roll records "Baldwinus filius Gisleb" for "terra Willi de Rullos cum filia Ric fratris sui" in Lincolnshire[692]. A charter of King Edward III confirmed donations to Bourn Priory, among which donations by “Baldevinus filius Gisleberti” with the consent of “filio meo Rogero et uxore mea Adhelina”[693]. m (before 1130) BALDWIN FitzGilbert de Clare, son of GILBERT FitzRichard de Clare & his wife Adelisa de Clermont (-[1154]). Lord of Bourne. Domesday Descendants suggests that Baldwin did not inherit Bourne from his wife, who had older brothers living after their marriage, but that the lordship was regranted by King Henry I after the death of her paternal uncle William de Rollos[694].

Chapter 14. ROS

A. ROS of HELMSLEY

1. HERBERT de Ros (-after 13 Jan 1103). "…Herbertus de Ros…" witnessed the charter dated 13 Jan 1103 which records an agreement between “Philippus de Braosa” and the abbey of Fécamp[695].

2. PIERS de Ros . A charter of King Henry II, dated to [1156/57], confirmed donations to York St Mary, including the donation of land “in Gillinga Ridale” by “Petrus de Ros”[696]. m ADELINE Espec, daughter of WALTER Espec Lord of Helmsley, Yorkshire and Wark, Northumberland & his wife ---. “Walterus Espec et Adelina uxor eius” founded Kirkham Priory, Yorkshire by undated charter, dated to the reign of King Henry I, witnessed by "Willielmo de Buyssy et Jordano de Buyssy et Rogero de Buyssy, filiis Hawisiæ sororis meæ primogenitæ, et Galfrido de Trailli et Willielmo de Trailli et Nicholao de Traille et Gilberto de Trailli, filiis Albredæ sororis meæ secundæ, et Everardo de Roos et Roberto de Ross, filiis Audelinæ sororis meæ junioris…"[697]. The 1130 Pipe Roll records "Walts Espec" in Yorkshire[698]. Piers & his wife had two children:

a) EVERARD de Ros (-1153 or before). “Walterus Espec et Adelina uxor eius” founded Kirkham Priory, Yorkshire by undated charter, dated to the reign of King Henry I, witnessed by "…Everardo de Roos et Roberto de Ross, filiis Audelinæ sororis meæ junioris…"[699]. The 1130 Pipe Roll records that "Ebrard Dap Willi de Albamara" rendered account of 2 marcs that he may no longer act as steward of Guillaume de Aumâle in Yorkshire[700]. “Dominus Edbrardus filius Petri de Rossa” notified the archbishop of York that he had donated Atwick church to Bridlington priory, for the soul of "Eustachie uxoris mee", by charter dated to [1138/40][701]. m EUSTACHIE, daughter of ---. “Dominus Edbrardus filius Petri de Rossa” notified the archbishop of York of his donation to Bridlington priory, for the soul of "Eustachie uxoris mee", by charter dated to [1138/40][702].

b) ROBERT de Ros (-[1162/63]). “Walterus Espec et Adelina uxor eius” founded Kirkham Priory, Yorkshire by undated charter, dated to the reign of King Henry I, witnessed by "…Everardo de Roos et Roberto de Ross, filiis Audelinæ sororis meæ junioris…"[703]. "Robertus de Ros" confirmed donations to Rievaulx by "Walteri Espec avunculi mei", for the souls of "…fratris mei Everardi", by undated charter, dated to [1147/53], witnessed by "…Roberto clerico nepote domini Roberti de Ros…Stephano nepote domini Roberti de Ros…Thomas de Ros…"[704]. The Red Book of the Exchequer refers to "Robertus de Ros ii m" in Yorkshire and "Robertus de Ros dimidiam marcam" in Warwickshire, Leicestershire in [1161/62][705]. The 1162/63 Pipe Roll names "Rob de Ross", with no further words and no payment, and on the following line "Euerard de Ross" paying £30/6/8 in Yorkshire[706]. This unusual arrangement of the names, as well as the large payment, suggest that it represents a record of the death of Robert de Ros and the payment by Everard de Ros of the fine for his inheritance. m (before [1141/43]) as her first husband, SIBYLLE de Valoignes, daughter of --- (-after 1212, bur Nun Appleton Priory). A manuscript narrating the foundation of Rievall Abbey records that “Robertum de Roos” married “Sibillam de Valoniis”, by whom he was father of “Willielmum de Roos et Robertum”[707]. She married secondly ([1165/66]) William de Percy of Topcliffe, Yorkshire. Her first and second marriages are confirmed by the 1165/66 Pipe Roll which records "Wills de Pci" accounting for ".cccc. m. p uxore Robti de Ross hnda" in Yorkshire[708]. “Willielmus de Percy” donated Topcliffe church to York Cathedral, for the souls of “uxoris meæ Sybillæ…filiorum quoque et filiarum mearum”, by undated charter witnessed by “Sybilla de Valloniis…”[709]. It is assumed that the first witness was the donor´s wife but this is not specified in the document. She married thirdly ([1181/82]) Ralph de Albini Brito. Her third marriage is confirmed by the 1181/82 Pipe Roll which records "Radulfus de Alben" accounting for ".cc. m pro ducenda matre Ebrardi de Ros" in Yorkshire[710]. Robert & his wife had one child:

i) EVERARD de Ros (before [1141/43]-1183). A manuscript narrating the foundation of Rievall Abbey records that “Robertum de Roos” married “Sibillam de Valoniis”, by whom he was father of “Everardum de Roos”[711]. The 1162/63 Pipe Roll names "Rob de Ross", with no further words and no payment, and on the following line "Euerard de Ross" paying £30/6/8 in Yorkshire[712]. This unusual arrangement of the names, as well as the large payment, suggest that it represents a record of the death of Robert de Ros and the payment by Everard de Ros of the fine for his inheritance, which in turn suggests that Everard (assumed to be Robert´s son) had already reached the age of majority at that time. The Red Book of the Exchequer refers to "Everard de Ros cxii s i d" in Yorkshire in [1167/68][713]. m ROHESE Trussebut, daughter of WILLIAM Trussebut Lord of Warter, Yorkshire & his wife Albereda d´Harcourt ([1153/58]-[1194/29 Sep 1196]). A manuscript history of the foundation of Barwell Priory names “quatuor sorores…Pagani filias…primogenita Mathildis de Doure…Alicia…Roisia…Ascelina” as the heiresses of “Gul. Peverell filius Pagani”, adding that Rohese was mother of “Albreda de Harecourt”, mother of “Galfridus Trussebut…et tres sorores…Roysia, Hillaria et Agatha”[714]. The Liber Memorandorum Ecclesie de Bernewelle records that "Albreda de Harecurt" was mother of three sisters "Roysia, Hyllaria et Agatha", adding that Rohese was mother of "Robertus de Ros senior"[715]. A manuscript narrating the foundation of Rievall Abbey records that “Everardum de Roos” married “Rosam”, by whom he was father of “Robertum de Roos dictum Fursan”[716]. The Rotuli de Dominabus of 1185 records “uxor Everardi de Ros que fuit filia Willelmi Trussebut…xxxv” and her land “in Strowestone”, adding that she had "ii filios, primogenitus est xiii annorum et terra eius est in custodia Ranulfi de Glanville"[717]. Everard & his wife had two children:

(a) ROBERT de Ros "Fursan" ([1172/73]-before 23 Dec 1226). A manuscript narrating the foundation of Rievall Abbey records that “Everardum de Roos” married “Rosam”, by whom he was father of “Robertum de Roos dictum Fursan”[718]. The Rotuli de Dominabus of 1185 records “uxor Everardi de Ros que fuit filia Willelmi Trussebut…xxxv” and her land “in Strowestone”, adding that she had "ii filios, primogenitus est xiii annorum et terra eius est in custodia Ranulfi de Glanville"[719]. The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1190/91], records "Robertus de Ros" paying "lx s x d" in Yorkshire[720]. The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1194/95], records "Robertus de Ros" paying "vi l xviii s" in Yorkshire[721]. The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Robertus de Ros" holding parts of one knight´s fee in "Hokintone" in Norfolk, Suffolk, and "baronium de Werc" with two knights´ fees in Northumberland, in [1210/12][722]. The Testa de Nevill includes a writ of King John dated 1212 which records "Robertus de Ros" holding "baroniam de Werke" in Northumberland which had been granted by King Henry I "vel datum per marritagium vel elemosinam vel aliquo modo"[723].

- see below.

(b) PIERS de Ros . The Rotuli de Dominabus of 1185 records “uxor Everardi de Ros que fuit filia Willelmi Trussebut…xxxv” and her land “in Strowestone”, adding that she had "ii filios, primogenitus est xiii annorum et terra eius est in custodia Ranulfi de Glanville"[724].

ROBERT de Ros "Fursan", son of EVERARD de Ros & his wife Rohese Trussebut ([1172/73]-before 23 Dec 1226, bur London). The Liber Memorandorum Ecclesie de Bernewelle records that "Albreda de Harecurt" was mother of three sisters "Roysia, Hyllaria et Agatha", adding that Rohese was mother of "Robertus de Ros senior"[725]. A manuscript narrating the foundation of Rievall Abbey records that “Everardum de Roos” married “Rosam”, by whom he was father of “Robertum de Roos dictum Fursan”[726]. The Rotuli de Dominabus of 1185 records “uxor Everardi de Ros que fuit filia Willelmi Trussebut…xxxv” and her land “in Strowestone”, adding that she had "ii filios, primogenitus est xiii annorum et terra eius est in custodia Ranulfi de Glanville"[727]. The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1190/91], records "Robertus de Ros" paying "lx s x d" in Yorkshire[728]. The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1194/95], records "Robertus de Ros" paying "vi l xviii s" in Yorkshire[729]. The Red Book of the Exchequer records "Robertus de Ros" holding parts of one knight´s fee in "Hokintone" in Norfolk, Suffolk, and "baronium de Werc" with two knights´ fees in Northumberland, in [1210/12][730]. The Testa de Nevill includes a writ of King John dated 1212 which records "Robertus de Ros" holding "baroniam de Werke" in Northumberland which had been granted by King Henry I "vel datum per marritagium vel elemosinam vel aliquo modo"[731]. Bailiff of the royal castellany of Bonneville sur Toques in Normandy. Sheriff of Cumberland 1213-1215. He was one of the barons appointed to enforce Magna Carta. He became a Templar, and retired from secular life in 1226[732]. A manuscript narrating the foundation of Rievall Abbey records that “Robertum de Roos dictum Fursan” became “Templarius” and was buried "Londini"[733].

m (Haddington early 1191) as her second husband, ISABEL, widow of ROBERT de Brus Lord of Annandale, illegitimate daughter of WILLIAM I "the Lion" King of Scotland & his mistress --- Avenal. The Chronicle of Melrose records the marriage in 1183 of "William king of the Scots…his daughter Isabella" and "Robert de Brus"[734]. The Chronicle of Melrose records the marriage in 1191 of "the king of Scots…his daughter Ysembel (the widow of Robert de Brus)" and "Robert de Ross" at Haddington[735]. A manuscript narrating the foundation of Rievall Abbey records that “Robertum de Roos dictum Fursan” married “Isabellam filiam regis Scotiæ”, by whom he was father of “Willielmum de Roos et Robertum”, and also lists their descendants[736].

Robert & his wife had two children:

1. WILLIAM de Ros (-[1264]), bur Kirkham). A manuscript narrating the foundation of Rievall Abbey records that “Robertum de Roos dictum Fursan” married “Isabellam filiam regis Scotiæ”, by whom he was father of “Willielmum de Roos et Robertum”, adding that William inherited "castrum de Hemmisley…et advocationem monasterium de Kirkham, Rievalle et de Wardona"[737]. The Liber Pluscardensis records that "dominus Willelmus de Ross" claimed the Scottish throne "de legittimacione Ysabellæ antecedentis suæ"[738]. A manuscript narrating the foundation of Rievall Abbey records that “Willielmus de Roos” was buried in Kirkham monastery[739]. m LUCY, daughter of --- (-after 1266). A manuscript narrating the foundation of Rievall Abbey records that “Willielmus de Roos” married “Luciam”[740]. William & his wife had children:

a) ROBERT de Ros (-17 May 1285, bur Kirkham). A manuscript narrating the foundation of Rievall Abbey names "Robertum de Roos" as the son of “Willielmus de Roos” and his wife “Luciam”, adding in a later passage that he was buried in Kirkham monastery[741]. m ([5 Jun 1243/17 May 1244]) ISABEL de Albini, daughter of WILLIAM de Albini Lord of Belvoir & his wife --- (-15 Jun 1301, bur Newstead, near Stamford). A manuscript narrating the foundation of Rievall Abbey records that "Robertum de Roos" married “Isabellam hæredem D´Albany”[742]. "Robert de Ros and Isabel his wife" were granted rights "in the manor of Belver by all bounds by which William de Albiniaco, father of the said Isabel who is his heiress, held…" dated 3 Jul 1252[743]. Robert & his wife had children:

i) WILLIAM de Ros (-[12 May/16 Aug] 1316, bur Kirkham). A manuscript narrating the foundation of Rievall Abbey names "Willielmum de Ros" as son of "Robertum de Roos" and his wife “Isabellam hæredem D´Albany”, adding that he was buried in Kirkham monastery[744]. He was summoned to parliament in 1299, whereby he is held to have become Lord Ros of Helmsley.

- see below.

2. ROBERT de Ros . A manuscript narrating the foundation of Rievall Abbey records that “Robertum de Roos dictum Fursan” married “Isabellam filiam regis Scotiæ”, by whom he was father of “Willielmum de Roos et Robertum”, adding that Robert inherited "castrum de Warke…et…baronia in Scotia"[745].

WILLIAM de Ros, son of ROBERT de Ros & his wife Isabel de Albini (-[12 May/16 Aug] 1316, bur Kirkham). A manuscript narrating the foundation of Rievall Abbey names "Willielmum de Ros" as son of "Robertum de Roos" and his wife “Isabellam hæredem D´Albany”, adding that he was buried in Kirkham monastery[746]. He was summoned to parliament in 1299, whereby he is held to have become Lord Ros of Helmsley.

m MATILDA des Vaux, daughter of JOHN des Vaux & his wife --- (-[before 1316], bur Pentney Priory, Norfolk. A manuscript narrating the foundation of Rievall Abbey records that "Willielmum de Ros" married "Matildam de Vaus hæredem medietatis terrarium Johannis de Vaux"[747].

William & his wife had two children:

1. WILLIAM de Ros (-3 Feb 1343, bur Kirkham). A manuscript narrating the foundation of Rievall Abbey names "Willielmum de Roos" as the son of "Willielmum de Ros" and his wife "Matildam de Vaus", adding that he was buried in Kirkham monastery[748]. m as her first husband, MARGERY de Badlesmere, daughter of BARTHOLOMEW de Badlesmere Lord Badlesmere & his wife ---. A manuscript narrating the foundation of Rievall Abbey records that "Willielmus de Roos" married "Margeriam de Badilsmere"[749]. She married secondly (royal licence 6 Mar 1351) Sir Thomas de Arundel. She married thirdly as his third wife, Sir John Avenel. William & his wife had four children:

a) WILLIAM de Ros (Frieston, Lincolnshire 19 May 1329-before 3 Dec 1352). A manuscript narrating the foundation of Rievall Abbey names "Willielmum, Thomam, Margaretam et Matildam" as the children of "Willielmus de Roos" and his wife "Margeriam de Badilsmere", adding that William died childless "in terra sancta" and was buried there[750]. m (before 8 May 1341) as her first husband, MARGARET Neville, daughter of RALPH Neville Lord Neville of Raby & his wife Alice de Audley (-May 1372). A manuscript narrating the foundation of Rievall Abbey records that "Willielmum", son of "Willielmus de Roos" and his wife "Margeriam de Badilsmere", married "Margaretam filiam domini Radulphi de Nevill"[751]. She married secondly (royal licence 26 Feb 1358) as his first wife, Henry de Percy Lord Percy, who was created Earl of Northumberland.

b) THOMAS de Ros (Stoke Albany, Northamptonshire 13 Jan 1337-Uffington, Lincolnshire 8 Jun 1384). A manuscript narrating the foundation of Rievall Abbey names "Willielmum, Thomam, Margaretam et Matildam" as the children of "Willielmus de Roos" and his wife "Margeriam de Badilsmere", adding that he died "apud Uffington versus terram sanctam" and was buried "in monasterio Ryevallis"[752]. m (royal licence 1 Jan 1359) as her second husband, BEATRICE de Stafford, widow of MORICE FitzThomas Earl of Desmond, daughter of RALPH de Stafford Earl of Stafford & his wife Margaret de Audley of the Earls of Gloucester (-Apr 1415). A manuscript narrating the foundation of Rievall Abbey records that "Thomas", son of "Willielmus de Roos" and his wife "Margeriam de Badilsmere", married "Beatricem filiam Radulphi comitis Staffordiæ"[753]. She married thirdly (before 20 Aug 1385) Sir Richard de Burley. Thomas & his wife had children:

i) JOHN de Ros ([1364/1368]-Paphos, Cyprus 6 Aug 1393, bur Rievaulx). A manuscript narrating the foundation of Rievall Abbey names "Johannem, Willielmum, Thomam et Robertum, Elizabetham et Margaretam" as the children of "Thomas de Roos" and his wife "Beatricem filiam Radulphi comitis Staffordiæ", adding that John died "sine hærede masculo apud Cypresse peregrinans versus terram sanctam" and was buried "apud Ryevallum"[754]. m (before 22 Jun 1382) MARY de Percy, daughter of HENRY Lord Percy & his second wife Joan de Orreby (-York 25 Aug 1394). A manuscript narrating the foundation of Rievall Abbey records that "Johannem", son of "Thomas de Roos" and his wife "Beatricem filiam Radulphi comitis Staffordiæ", married "Mariam de Orebe --- comitis Northumbriæ"[755].

ii) WILLIAM de Ros ([1367/68]-Belvoir 1 Sep 1414). A manuscript narrating the foundation of Rievall Abbey na