Quarter of Bruges (Castellanies of Bergues, Bourbourg, Bruges, Veurne).
Quarter of Ypres (Castellanies of Bailleul, Cassel, Courtrai, Ypres).
Quarter of Gent (Castellanies of the land of Aalst, the Four Offices, Gent [Oudburg], Oudenaarde, the land of Waas, Seigneuries of Bornem, Dendermonde).

The role of the châtelain (burchgraeve in Flemish) appears to have been similar to that of the vicomtes in other parts of France. This hypothesis is supported, in the case of the châtellenies of Bruges at least, by a passage in Galbert of Bruges, which recounts that Erembald murdered "Boldrannus castellanus…in Brudgis", married his widow, and took "vicecomitatum"[1]. Giry suggests that the case of Flanders was particular, in that the castellani were originally the military commanders of the series of castles constructed to protect against Vikings raids, that over time administrative and judicial duties were added to their role, and that their area of administration was extended to the whole town in which the castle had been built and eventually included the surrounding areas[2]. Starting as military officials appointed by the count, they became the count´s direct vassals, while their fiefdoms became hereditary within the same families. As the influential of the châtelains grew and their areas of activity widened, they appointed baillis who assumed many of their administrative duties. In addition, the towns took over many of the responsibilities themselves. The result was that, by the 14th century, the position of châtelain was little more than a title which carried with it the right to receive fixed revenues[3].

Chapter 1. HEREN van AALST

BOUDEWIJN van Gent, son of BOUDEWIJN van Gent Heer zu Waas, Dronghen en Ruiselede & his wife --- (-killed in battle Nikea 13 Jun 1097). "Lotbertus…abbas Hasnoniensis cœnobii" sold property "in Alost et Rasseghem et Lede" to "Gisilberto Balduini Gandensis filio" by charter dated 1088, witnessed by "Balduinus filius Balduini de Gandavo…"[4]. Ritter van Gent, Aalst, Dronghen, Waas en Ruiselede. Albert of Aix names "…Baldewinus de castello Lant…" among those who took part in the siege of Nikaia, dated to mid-1097 from the context[5]. Albert of Aix records that "…Baldewinus de Ganz…" was killed at the siege of Nikaia, dated to mid-1097 from the context[6].

m MATHILDE, daughter of --- (-9 Jun ----). The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names "Mathildem" as wife of "Balduinus cognomento Grossus sive Magnus"[7].

Boudewijn & his wife had [three] children:

1. BOUDEWIJN (-24/25 Oct 1127). The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names "Balduinum Luscum…dictum Gernobodatum, Alostensis terre…dominum, et Ivenum de Gandavo" as children of "Balduinus cognomento Grossus sive Magnus"[8]. The Chronicon Affligemense names "domus Remundis de Alost eiusque duo filiis Balduinus et Ivanus"[9]. The Liber de Restauratione Sancti Martini Tornacensis names "Balduinus Gandensis, frater Yvonis Nigellensis qui nunc est comes Suessionensis"[10]. "Galterus custos Teruanensis, Haket castellanus Brugensis, Galterus castellanus Curtracensis, Baldwinus de Alost, Razo de Gavera…" signed the charter dated 1115 under which "Balduinus…Flandrensium comes" confirmed donations to Voormezeele abbey, with the consent of "Adam, Formosellenis castelli tunc domino"[11]. "Wenemarus castellanus Gandensis, Hachet castellanus Brugensis, Galterus castellanus Curtracensis, Baldewinus de Alost et Iwain frater eius, Razo de Gavera…" signed the charter dated 1 Feb 1117 under which "Balduinus…Flandrensium comes" confirmed donations to Voormezeele abbey[12]. "Balduinus de Alost ac frater meus Iwanus" donated "ecclesiam de Herenbaldeghem" to Affleghem abbey by charter dated 1125[13]. "…Balduinus Gandavensis, Hiuvannus frater eius…" signed the charter dated 14 Apr 1127 under which Guillaume Count of Flanders granted privileges to the town of Saint-Omer[14]. Galbert of Bruges records the death "Non Kal Nov" of "Baldewinus ex Alst"[15]. m LUTGARDE, daughter of WALTER [van Grimberghe] & his wife ---. The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium records that "Balduinus…Gernobodatus" married "de Grembergio oriunda Luthgarda"[16]. Boudewijn & his wife had one child:

a) BEATRIX (-before 1160). The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names "Beatricem" as daughter of "Balduinus…Gernobodatus" and his wife, adding that she married "Broburgensi castellano Henrico, Deinardi filio"[17]. A charter dated to [1150] records that "Beatricis castellane Broburgensis" granted a serf to the monastery of Bourbourg, signed by "…Henrico castellano Broburgensi, Beatrice uxore eius, Balduino, Henrico, Gilleberto filiis eius…Henrico de Insula…Lamberto de Insula…"[18]. m as his second wife, HENRI Châtelain de Bourbourg, son of THEMARD Châtelain de Bourbourg & his wife ---. 1115/68.

2. IWAN (-8 Aug 1145). The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names "Balduinum Luscum…dictum Gernobodatum, Alostensis terre…dominum, et Ivenum de Gandavo" as children of "Balduinus cognomento Grossus sive Magnus"[19]. The Chronicon Affligemense names "domus Remundis de Alost eiusque duo filiis Balduinus et Ivanus"[20]. Graaf van Aalst, Gent, Waas, Donghen en Liedekerke. Galbert of Bruges names "frater Baldevini ex Alst…Iwan"[21]. "Wenemarus castellanus Gandensis, Hachet castellanus Brugensis, Galterus castellanus Curtracensis, Baldewinus de Alost et Iwain frater eius, Razo de Gavera…" signed the charter dated 1 Feb 1117 under which "Balduinus…Flandrensium comes" confirmed donations to Voormezeele abbey[22]. "Balduinus de Alost ac frater meus Iwanus" donated "ecclesiam de Herenbaldeghem" to Affleghem abbey by charter dated 1125[23]. "…Balduinus Gandavensis, Hiuvannus frater eius…" signed the charter dated 14 Apr 1127 under which Guillaume Count of Flanders granted privileges to the town of Saint-Omer[24]. The Genealogia Comitum Flandriæ records that "Iwanus et Daniel nepos eius" captured Gent and Bruges in 1128 in support of the succession of Thierry d'Alsace as Count of Flanders but were expelled from Flanders[25]. "Iwanus de Gand…cum uxoris meæ Lauretæ filiæ Theoderici comitis" donated property to "Fratrum Trunciniensis ecclesiæ" near Gand by charter dated 22 Sep 1139[26]. The Annales Blandinienses record the death in 1144 of "Iwainus de Alst"[27]. A manuscript from Gembloux abbey records the death in 1145 of "Iwanus de Alost"[28]. m (before 22 Sep 1139) as her first husband, LAURETTE de Flandre, daughter of THIERRY I Count of Flanders & his first wife Swanhilde --- (-[1175]). The Cartulaire de Saint-Bertin records that Count Thierry "ex priori uxore unicam tantum filiam habuit quam Ivanus de Alosto postea sortitus est in conjugium" but does not give her name[29]. The Flandria Generosa names "Laurentiam" as the only daughter of "comitissa etiam Suanildis", specifying that her marriage with "dux de Lemburg" was terminated on grounds of consanguinity, that she subsequently married "Iwanus de Alst", and after the latter's death "Rodulfo comiti Peronensi" and "comiti de Namur", although this switches her first and second husbands[30]. "Iwanus de Gand…cum uxoris meæ Lauretæ filiæ Theoderici comitis" donated property to "Fratrum Trunciniensis ecclesiæ" near Gand by charter dated 22 Sep 1139[31]. Nun at Voorst after she was widowed. She married secondly (1150, divorced 1152) Hendrik II Duke of Limburg, thirdly (1152) as his third wife, Raoul I "le Vaillant" Comte de Vermandois, and fourthly (before 1159, divorced 1163) as his first wife, Henri "l’Aveugle" Comte de Namur et de Luxembourg. Iwan & his wife had one child:

a) DIRK van Aalst (1144-20 Apr 1166). "Theodericus…dominus et princeps Alostensis" donated "silvam meam…Hokerda…" to Afflighem abbey by charter dated 1164[32]. The Annales Blandinienses record the death in 1166 of "Theodericus filius Iwaini de Alost"[33]. m as her first husband, LAURETTE de Hainaut, daughter of BAUDOUIN IV “le Bâtisseur” Comte de Hainaut et de Namur & his wife Alice de Namur (-9 Jun 1181). The Chronicon Hanoniense names (in order) "Yolandem, Agnetem, Lauretam" as the daughters of "Alidis comitissa Hanonensis …cum viro Balduino comite", specifying that Laurette married "Theodericus de Alost, Iwani de Gandavo et Laurete filius" and secondly "in Francia Bucardo de Monte Morenciaco…filium Matheum"[34]. She married secondly (early Jan 1173) Bouchard [IV] Sire de Montmorency.

3. [RUDOLF van Aalst (-killed in battle mid-1102). Albert of Aix records "…Rodulfus de castello Alos, quod est in Flandria…" among those who spent Easter in Jerusalem with Baudouin I King of Jerusalem, dated to 1102 from the context[35]. The parentage of Rudolf is not known. However, it is reasonable to suppose that he was another son of Boudewijn, the name Rudolf appearing several times in the family of the latter. Albert of Aix names "Rudolfus de Alos…" among those killed in battle in a campaign led by Baudouin I King of Jerusalem, dated to mid-1102 from the context[36].]

4. [--- . Her parentage and marriage are suggested by the Genealogia Comitum Flandriæ which records that "Iwanus et Daniel nepos eius" captured Gent and Bruges in 1128 in support of the succession of Thierry d'Alsace as Count of Flanders but were expelled from Flanders[37]. "Daniel" in this passage is identified as Daniel van Dendermonde. The precise relationship between Daniel de Dendermonde and Ivan van Aalst is not known, but if nepos in this passage can be interpreted precisely the mother of the former would have been the sister of the latter. m --- [van Dendermonde], son of ---.]

Chapter 2. SEIGNEURS de ATH

1. GAUTHIER de Ath, son of --- . Seigneur de Ath. m as her second husband, ADA de Roucy, widow of GEOFFROY Seigneur de Guise, daughter of HILDUIN IV de Montdidier et de Ramerupt Comte de Roucy & his wife Ada de Ramerupt (-bur Abbaye de Liessies). The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines names "Ada…de Guisia" as sixth daughter of Ebles Comte de Roucy[38]. The Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis names "quartam…Hilduini comitis filiam Adam" as wife firstly of "Godefridus de Guisia" and secondly of "Galterum de Aat et genuit filias; quarum una tradita est Gerardo de Audenarde, que peperit Arnulfum et Godefridum atque Heinricum et ceteros." and thirdly of "Theoderico de Avesnis"[39]. She married thirdly Thierry Seigneur d'Avesnes. Gauthier & his wife had two children:

a) daughter . The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines refers to the daughters of "Galterum de Aat" & his wife, specifying that one married "Gerardo de Audenarde, que peperit Arnulfum et Godefridum atque Heinricum et ceteros"[40].

b) BEATRIX de Ath . The Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis refers to "Guidonem [de Guisia] qui habuit sororem" whose husband was "Arnulfo, fratre Balduini comitis Hainonensis"[41]. The Chronicon Lætiense names "Arnulpho, fratri comitis de Hainau Balduini" and his wife "Beatricem filiam [Waltero de Aat] et Ade [filiam] Eustacii del Rues"[42]. m ARNOUL de Hainaut Sire de Rœulx, son of BAUDOUIN II Comte de Hainaut & his wife Ida de Louvain.

Chapter 3. SEIGNEURS de BEAUMETZ, CHÂTELAINS de BAPAUME

1. --- m MATHILDE, daughter of --- (-after Jan 1209). Her marriage is confirmed by the charter dated Jan 1209 under which her son "Sigerus dominus de Bellomanso" sold property to Arras naming "mater mea Mathildis…et Balduinus filius meus major natu…et Rogerus frater meus"[43]. Two children:

a) SIGER (-after Jan 1209). "Sigerus dominus de Bellomanso" sold property to Arras by charter dated Jan 1209 which names "mater mea Mathildis…et Balduinus filius meus major natu…et Rogerus frater meus"[44]. m ---. The name of Siger´s wife is not known. Siger & his wife had one child:

i) BAUDOUIN . His parentage is confirmed by the charter dated Jan 1209 under which his father "Sigerus dominus de Bellomanso" sold property to Arras naming "mater mea Mathildis…et Balduinus filius meus major natu…et Rogerus frater meus"[45].

b) ROGER (-after Jan 1209). His parentage is confirmed by the charter dated Jan 1209 under which his brother "Sigerus dominus de Bellomanso" sold property to Arras naming "mater mea Mathildis…et Balduinus filius meus major natu…et Rogerus frater meus"[46].

2. GILLES de Beaumetz . Châtelain de Bapaume. "Egidius Castellanus Bapalmensis et dominus Bellimansi" confirmed a grant to "Segardus miles de Pamiers" by "Balduini de Bailleul" by charter dated Sep 1212[47].

Chapter 4. CHÂTELAINS de BERGUES

Two brothers:

1. WENEMAR . Châtelain de Bergues. "…Wynomarus castellanus Bergensis et frater eius Everolphus…" signed the charter dated 1095 under which "Gertrudis…Flandrensis comitissa" donated property to the church of St Walburgis at Furnes[48].

2. FRODULF . "…Wynomarus castellanus Bergensis et frater eius Everolphus…" signed the charter dated 1095 under which "Gertrudis…Flandrensis comitissa" donated property to the church of St Walburgis at Furnes[49]. "…Froulfus castellanus de Bergis, Theorardus castellanus Broburgensis…Bernoldus de Insula…" signed a charter dated 14 Oct 1104 under which Robert II Count of Flanders donated revenue to the monastery of Bourbourg[50]. "…Levrardi castellani de Broburg, Froolfi castellani de Bergis…Bernoldi de Insula, Malgeri et Johannis fratris eius" signed a charter dated 21 Mar 1107 under which Robert II Count of Flanders donated property to the monastery of Bourbourg[51]. "…Theinardus castellanus, Frooldus castellanus, Willelmus castellanus…Bernoldus ex Insula, Malgerus nepos eius, Johannes frater eius, Jordan, Folco filius Malgeri…" signed a charter dated 1112 under which Baudouin VII Count of Flanders donated revenue to the monastery of Bourbourg[52].

1. GAUTHIER de Bergues (-killed in battle mid-1102). The Chronica Monasterii Watinensis cites a donation by "Walterus Bergensis", witnessed by (among others) "Gislebertus frater Balduini Gandensis qui ab Anglia tunc venerat"[53]. Albert of Aix names "…Walterus de Berga…" among those who fled to Ramla after Baudouin I King of Jerusalem was defeated in a military campaign, dated to mid-1102 from the context[54].

2. GILBERT de Bergues (-after 1151). "Gislberti de Bergis…" witnessed the charter dated to [1131] under which Thierry Count of Flanders donated the church of Aubigny to the abbey of "Montesancti Eligii" near Artois[55]. Châtelain de Bergues. "…Gilleberto castellano Bergensi…" signed the charter dated 1150 which records an agreement between Thierry Count of Flanders and "Milo…Morinensis episcopus" regarding the jurisdiction of the church[56]. "…Gislebertus de Bergis…" signed the charter dated 1151 under which Thierry Count of Flanders granted the church of Saint-Martin, Hesdin to "Milonem…Morinorum episcopum"[57].

Chapter 5. CHÂTELAINS de BRUGES

A. CHÂTELAINS de BRUGES

1. ROBERT [I] (-after 1046). Châtelain de Bruges. "…Roberti castellani Brugensis…" signed the charter dated 1 Apr 1046 under which Baudouin Bishop of Tournai donated "Altare de Oostburgh" to Gand Saint-Pierre[58].

2. BAULDRAN (-murdered 1067 or before). Galbert of Bruges records that "Boldrannus castellanus…in Brudgis" was murdered by "miles…Erembaldus"[59]. Châtelain de Bruges. m as her first husband, DEDDA [Duva], daughter of ---. Galbert of Bruges names "Dedda vel Duva" as wife of "Boldrannus castellanus…in Brudgis", adding that she married secondly "miles…Erembaldus" who had murdered her first husband[60]. She married secondly Erembald.

3. ROBERT [II] (-after 1077). Châtelain de Bruges. "…Roberti castellani Brugensis…" signed the charter dated 1077 under which Robert II Count of Flanders donated property to "ecclesiam…Truncinii"[61]. The date of this charter suggests that the witness was a different person from Robert [I] Châtelain de Bruges who was named in 1046 (see above). It also appears likely that he was different from Robert [III] whose father was recorded as living in 1089 (see below).

[Two possible] siblings, parents not known:

1. EREMBALD (-after 1089). Galbert of Bruges names "Boldranni homo et miles…Erembaldus, de Furnis natus" when recording that he murdered "Boldrannus castellanus…in Brudgis", married his widow, and took "vicecomitatum"[62]. The Passio Karoli Comitis Auctore Anonymo records that "Eremboldum" as "dapiferum" of "Bruggis quidam pretor…Holdrannus" during the time of Robert I Count of Flanders, adding that he murdered Holdran and married his widow[63]. Châtelain de Bruges. m as her second husband, DEDDA [Duva], widow of BAULDRAN, daughter of ---. Galbert of Bruges names "Dedda vel Duva" as wife of "Boldrannus castellanus…in Brudgis", adding that she married secondly "miles…Erembaldus" who had murdered her first husband[64]. The Passio Karoli Comitis Auctore Anonymo records that "Eremboldum" as "dapiferum" of "Bruggis quidam pretor…Holdrannus" during the time of Robert I Count of Flanders, adding that he murdered Holdran and married his widow[65]. Erembald & his wife had five children:

a) ROBERT [III] (-after 19 Jan 1109). The Passio Karoli Comitis Auctore Anonymo names "Robertum, Lambertum Nappim, Disdir cognomento Hakith, Ulfric et Bertulfum" as children of "Erembaldum" and his wife[66]. Galbert of Bruges names "prepositum Bertulfum, Haket, Wulfricum Cnop, Lambertum Nappin…Robertum" as the children of "Erembaldus" and his wife, adding that Robert succeeded his father as Châtelain de Bruges[67]. "Roberto Castellano, Lamberto Nappino, Adam de Formosela, Galtero Curtracensi Castellano, Wenemaro Gandensi Castellano, Frumoldo Yprensi Castellano…" signed the charter dated 19 Jan 1109 under which "Robertus Roberti filius…comes Flandrensium" granted privileges to Voormezeele abbey[68]. m firstly ---. The name of Robert´s first wife is not known. m secondly ---. Robert & his first wife had two children:

i) WALTER (-1115). The Passio Karoli Comitis Auctore Anonymo names "Walterus et Albertus" as sons of "Robertus" and his first wife[69]. Galbert of Bruges records that "filius eius Walterus" succeeded "Robertus" as Châtelain de Bruges[70]. "Lambertus Nappin, Haket frater eius, Wlfricus Cnoop, Walterus castellanus Brugensis…Isaac camerarius, Desiderius frater eius…" signed the charter dated to [1111/15] under which "Balduinus…Flandrensium comes" confirmed donations to Voormezeele abbey by "Isaac filii Adam", for the soul of "Adam patris Isaac de Formosela"[71].

ii) ALBERT . The Passio Karoli Comitis Auctore Anonymo names "Walterus et Albertus" as sons of "Robertus" and his first wife[72]. Galbert of Bruges names "prepositus Bertulfus ille Brugensis et frater eius castellanis in Brugis cum nepotibus suis Bordsiardo, Roberto, Alberto"[73]. Galbert of Bruges names "prepositus Bertulfus ille Brugensis et frater eius castellanis in Brugis cum nepotibus suis Bordsiardo, Roberto, Alberto"[74].

Robert & his second wife had one child:

iii) ROBERT . The Passio Karoli Comitis Auctore Anonymo names "Robertus infans dictus" as son of "Robertus" and his second wife[75]. Galbert of Bruges names "prepositus Bertulfus ille Brugensis et frater eius castellanis in Brugis cum nepotibus suis Bordsiardo, Roberto, Alberto"[76].

b) LAMBERT Nappim (-after 1111). The Passio Karoli Comitis Auctore Anonymo names "Robertum, Lambertum Nappim, Disdir cognomento Hakith, Ulfric et Bertulfum" as children of "Erembaldum" and his wife[77]. Galbert of Bruges names "prepositum Bertulfum, Haket, Wulfricum Cnop, Lambertum Nappin…Robertum" as the children of "Erembaldus" and his wife[78]. "Roberto Castellano, Lamberto Nappino, Adam de Formosela, Galtero Curtracensi Castellano, Wenemaro Gandensi Castellano, Frumoldo Yprensi Castellano…" signed the charter dated 19 Jan 1109 under which "Robertus Roberti filius…comes Flandrensium" granted privileges to Voormezeele abbey[79]. "Lambertus Nappin, Haket frater eius, Wlfricus Cnoop, Walterus castellanus Brugensis…Isaac camerarius, Desiderius frater eius…" signed the charter dated to [1111/15] under which "Balduinus…Flandrensium comes" confirmed donations to Voormezeele abbey by "Isaac filii Adam", for the soul of "Adam patris Isaac de Formosela"[80]. m ---. The name of Lambert´s wife is not known. Lambert & his wife had two child:

i) LAMBIN Morwater . The Passio Karoli Comitis Auctore Anonymo names "Lambinus Morwater et Fromoldus cognomento Borchardus" as sons of "Lamberto Nappim"[81].

ii) FROMOLD Borchard (-1128). The Passio Karoli Comitis Auctore Anonymo names "Lambinus Morwater et Fromoldus cognomento Borchardus" as sons of "Lamberto Nappim"[82]. Galbert of Bruges names "Lambertum Nappin" as father of "Borsiardi"[83]. Galbert of Bruges names "prepositus Bertulfus ille Brugensis et frater eius castellanis in Brugis cum nepotibus suis Bordsiardo, Roberto, Alberto"[84]. The Vita Karoli Comitis Flandriæ records the enmity between "Burchardus, nepos prepositi…filius…Lamberti fratris eius" and "Tagmarum…et nepotem eius Galterum"[85].

c) DESIDIRIUS Hacket (-after 1 Feb 1117). The Passio Karoli Comitis Auctore Anonymo names "Robertum, Lambertum Nappim, Disdir cognomento Hakith, Ulfric et Bertulfum" as children of "Erembaldum" and his wife[86]. "Lambertus Nappin, Haket frater eius, Wlfricus Cnoop, Walterus castellanus Brugensis…Isaac camerarius, Desiderius frater eius…" signed the charter dated to [1111/15] under which "Balduinus…Flandrensium comes" confirmed donations to Voormezeele abbey by "Isaac filii Adam", for the soul of "Adam patris Isaac de Formosela"[87]. Galbert of Bruges names "prepositum Bertulfum, Haket, Wulfricum Cnop, Lambertum Nappin…Robertum" as the children of "Erembaldus" and his wife, adding that "Haket" succeeded his nephew Walter as Châtelain de Bruges[88]. "Galterus custos Teruanensis, Haket castellanus Brugensis, Galterus castellanus Curtracensis, Baldwinus de Alost, Razo de Gavera…" signed the charter dated 1115 under which "Balduinus…Flandrensium comes" confirmed donations to Voormezeele abbey, with the consent of "Adam, Formosellenis castelli tunc domino"[89]. "Wenemarus castellanus Gandensis, Hachet castellanus Brugensis, Galterus castellanus Curtracensis, Baldewinus de Alost et Iwain frater eius, Razo de Gavera…" signed the charter dated 1 Feb 1117 under which "Balduinus…Flandrensium comes" confirmed donations to Voormezeele abbey[90].

d) ULFRIC Cnop . The Passio Karoli Comitis Auctore Anonymo names "Robertum, Lambertum Nappim, Disdir cognomento Hakith, Ulfric et Bertulfum" as children of "Erembaldum" and his wife[91]. Galbert of Bruges names "prepositum Bertulfum, Haket, Wulfricum Cnop, Lambertum Nappin…Robertum" as the children of "Erembaldus" and his wife[92]. "Lambertus Nappin, Haket frater eius, Wlfricus Cnoop, Walterus castellanus Brugensis…Isaac camerarius, Desiderius frater eius…" signed the charter dated to [1111/15] under which "Balduinus…Flandrensium comes" confirmed donations to Voormezeele abbey by "Isaac filii Adam", for the soul of "Adam patris Isaac de Formosela"[93]. The Vita Karoli Comitis Flandriæ records that "Vulfricus frater prepositi…Burchardus et alterius fratris eius Roberti filius Robertus, Guillemus quoque Viroviacensis, et Ingramno Esnensis, et Ysaac prepositi consanguineus" conspired to kill Charles Count of Flanders[94].

e) BERTULF . The Passio Karoli Comitis Auctore Anonymo names "Robertum, Lambertum Nappim, Disdir cognomento Hakith, Ulfric et Bertulfum" as children of "Erembaldum" and his wife, adding that Bertulf was "postea Sancti Donatiani prepositum"[95]. Galbert of Bruges names "prepositum Bertulfum, Haket, Wulfricum Cnop, Lambertum Nappin…Robertum" as the children of "Erembaldus" and his wife[96]. Galbert of Bruges names "prepositus Bertulfus ille Brugensis et frater eius castellanis in Brugis cum nepotibus suis Bordsiardo, Roberto, Alberto"[97]. The Vita Karoli Comitis Flandriæ names "prepositus quidam Brugensis, Bertulfus…archicapellanus et cancellarius totius Flandensis curie" prior to his accession as count[98].

f) [--- . The identity of the parents of the wife of Robert de Kerseka is not known. Her father may have been one of the brothers of Bertulf named above. m ---. One child:

i) daughter . Galbert of Bruges records that "neptem prepositi" married "miles…comitis", naming him "apud Kerseca Roberto" in a later passage[99]. The Vita Karoli Comitis Flandriæ records that "quidam miles nobilis…in curia comitis" married "consanguineam…prepositi, que comitis ancilla esse diceretur"[100]. m ROBERT de Kerseka, son of ---.

g) [--- . The identity of the parents of Aganitrude is not known. Her father may have been one of the brothers of Bertulf named above. m ---. One child:

i) AGANITRUDE . Her family background and two marriages are confirmed by the Vita Karoli Comitis Flandriæ which records that, after Charles Count of Flanders was killed, Bertulf took refuge with "Alardi Warnesunensis" who had married "neptem illius Aganitrudem", adding that she was "castri…sancti Audomari quondam castellanam"[101]. This source does not specify the name of her first husband, but as the châtelain de Saint-Omer is named Guillaume in the sources dated between 1113 and 1126, it is likely that this was the Aganitrude´s husband. m firstly [as his second wife,] GUILLAUME [I] Châtelain de Saint-Omer, son of --- (-before 1128). m secondly (1128) ALARD de Warneton, son of ---.

2. [--- . The precise parentage of Isaac is not known, although the source quoted below shows that he was related to Bertulf. It is assumed that the relationship was more remote than uncle/nephew as the sources quoted in this document specify this relationship when it existed. An exception is one passage in Galbert of Bruges which refers to the wife of Guy van Steenvoorde as "neptem prepositi" (see below), although "neptem" could interpreted as referring to a more remote family relationship than niece. m ---.] Three children:

a) ISAAC . "Lambertus Nappin, Haket frater eius, Wlfricus Cnoop, Walterus castellanus Brugensis…Isaac camerarius, Desiderius frater eius…" signed the charter dated to [1111/15] under which "Balduinus…Flandrensium comes" confirmed donations to Voormezeele abbey by "Isaac filii Adam", for the soul of "Adam patris Isaac de Formosela"[102]. The Vita Karoli Comitis Flandriæ records that "Vulfricus frater prepositi…Burchardus et alterius fratris eius Roberti filius Robertus, Guillemus quoque Viroviacensis, et Ingramno Esnensis, et Ysaac prepositi consanguineus" conspired to kill Charles Count of Flanders[103]. The Vita Karoli Comitis Flandriæ records that "Ysaac" fled after Charles Count of Flanders was killed[104].

b) DESIDERIUS (-17 Dec 1127). "Lambertus Nappin, Haket frater eius, Wlfricus Cnoop, Walterus castellanus Brugensis…Isaac camerarius, Desiderius frater eius…" signed the charter dated to [1111/15] under which "Balduinus…Flandrensium comes" confirmed donations to Voormezeele abbey by "Isaac filii Adam", for the soul of "Adam patris Isaac de Formosela"[105]. The Vita Karoli Comitis Flandriæ records that "Ysaac…frater eius Desiderius" fled after Charles Count of Flanders was killed[106]. Galbert of Bruges records the death "XVI Kal Jan" of "Desiderius frater Isaac"[107].

c) daughter . The Vita Karoli Comitis Flandriæ records that "Ysaac…sororis sue" married "Guido de Stenfordo"[108]. Galbert of Bruges names "Steenvordam, villam Widonis generi sui" (referring to "Isaac)", but in a later passage records that "Wido" had married "neptem prepositi…sororem Isaac"[109]. m GUY van Steenvoorde, son of ---.

1. GERVAIS (-after 11 Aug 1128). Châtelain de Bruges. "Gervasio Brugensi castellano…" signed the charter dated 11 Aug 1128 under which "Theodericus…Flandrensium comes" donated property to Voormezeele abbey[110].

B. CHÂTELAINS de BRUGES (NESLE)

RAOUL [II] de Nesle, son of RAOUL [I] Seigneur de Nesle & his wife Rainurde --- (-[1153/60]). His parentage is confirmed by the charter dated to [1161] issued by [his brother] "Ivonem comitem Suessionis" relating to Epagny, with the consent of "domini Cononis nepotis et coheredis Ivonis comitis"[111], read together with the Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines which names "comes Cono, Iohannes…et iste qui adhuc vivit comes Radulfus Suessionensis" as sons of "Radulfo castellano [de Bruges]"[112]. Châtelain de Bruges. "…Radulfi de Brugis…" witnessed the charter dated to [1131] under which Thierry Count of Flanders donated the church of Aubigny to the abbey of "Montesancti Eligii" near Artois[113]. "Radulphus Brugensis castellanus" donated property to Eeckhout abbey by charter dated 1146[114]. "…Radulfi Brugensis castellani…" signed the charter dated 1151 under which Thierry Count of Flanders donated property to the town of Saint-Omer[115].

1. CONON de Nesle (-1180 before 20 Apr). The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines names "comes Cono, Iohannes…et iste qui adhuc vivit comes Radulfus Suessionensis" as sons of "Radulfo castellano [de Bruges]"[116]. Châtelain de Bruges 1161. "Nepos meus Cono heres meus et dominus Petrifontis" is named in the charter dated to [1173] under which "Ivo comes Suessionensis et dominus Nigellensis…uxor mea Hyolens" donated property to the abbey of Notre-Dame d'Ourscamp[117]. "Cono comes Suessionensis et domini Nigellensis" donated property to the abbey of Notre-Dame d'Ourscamp for the soul of "patrui mei comitis Yvonis" by charter dated 1176[118]. The Chronicon Hanoniense records that "Cono nepos eius Brugensis castellanus" succeeded on the death in 1178 of "Ivo…Suessonensis comes et Nigelle dominus"[119]. Comte de Soissons 1178. The Chronicon Hanoniense records the death in 1179 of "Cono comes Suessionensis" and the succession of his brothers Jean and Raoul (the latter in Soissons)[120]. m (before 1164) AGATHE de Pierrefonds, daughter of DREUX de Pierrefonds & his wife Beatrix de Crécy. The Chronicon Hanoniense names "Agathe" as wife of "Cono nepos eius [=Ivonis…Suessonensis comitis] Brugensis castellanus", specifying that her husband obtained "castrum Petrepontis" through her[121]. The primary source which confirms her parentage has not yet been identified. "Agathe comitisse…" subscribed the charter dated 1178 under which "Cono…comes Suessionensis dominus Petrofontis et Nigelle" donated property to the abbey of Notre-Dame d'Ourscamp[122]. 1192.

2. JEAN de Nesle (-14 Jul [1197/1200]). The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines names "comes Cono, Iohannes…et iste qui adhuc vivit comes Radulfus Suessionensis" as sons of "Radulfo castellano [de Bruges]"[123]. "…Johannes et Radulfi fratrum meorum" subscribed the charter dated 1178 under which "Cono…comes Suessionensis dominus Petrofontis et Nigelle" donated property to the abbey of Notre-Dame d'Ourscamp[124]. Châtelain de Bruges 1180. Seigneur de Nesle, de Falvy et de Hérelle. m ELISABETH van Peteghem, daughter of JAN [I] van Peteghem & his wife ---. "Elizabet mater domini de Nigella" renounced rights over revenue from Lambersart in favour of Lille Saint-Pierre, with the consent of "filius…meus Radulphus", by charter dated 1204[125]. The primary source which confirms her parentage has not yet been identified. 1185/1204. Jean & his wife had five children:

a) JEAN de Nesle (-22 Dec 1239). The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines names "Iohannes [filius Radulfo castellano] pater Iohannes de Nigella"[126]. Châtelain de Bruges. He sold the castellanie of Bruges to Jeanne Ctss of Flanders in 1234[127]. m (before 1200) EUSTACHE de Saint-Pol, daughter of HUGUES [IV] "Candavène" Comte de Saint-Pol & his wife Yolande de Hainaut (-before 1241). The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines names "Ysabellam uxorem comitis Galtheri de Castellione, qui per uxorem factus est comes de Sancto Paulo, et Eustaciam uxorem Iohannis de Nigella" as children of "comiti Hugoni de Sancto Paulo" & his wife[128]. "Hugo comes S. Pauli et Jole uxor mea" donated property to the church of Thérouanne with the consent of "generorum meorum Galteri de Castellione et Johannis domini de Nigella et filiarum mearum Elilzabeth et Eustathiæ" by charter dated Jan 1201[129].

b) IVES de Nesle (-before 4 May 1189). The primary source which confirms his parentage has not yet been identified.

c) RAOUL de Nesle (-before Feb 1226). "Elizabet mater domini de Nigella" renounced rights over revenue from Lambersart in favour of Lille Saint-Pierre, with the consent of "filius…meus Radulphus", by charter dated 1204[130]. Seigneur de Falvy. m ([1212/14]) as her second husband, ADELA [Alix] de Roye, widow of JEAN [III] Comte d'Alençon, daughter of BARTHELEMY de Roye & his wife Petronille --- (-before May 1223). The primary source which confirms her parentage and two marriages has not yet been identified.

- SEIGNEURS de FALVY[131].

d) GERTRUDE de Nesle (-after Jun 1239). The primary source which confirms her parentage and two marriages has not yet been identified. m firstly RENAUD de Mello, son of --- (-1201). m secondly (1203) RAOUL de Clermont Seigneur d'Ailly, son of --- (-30 Mar [1225/26]).

e) ADA de Nesle (-[1251/54]). The primary source which confirms her parentage has not yet been identified. "Ingelrannus dominus Bovæ" accepted the arbitrage of a dispute involving the priory of Saint-Leu d´Esserent concerning revenue from Ailly, with the consent of "uxor mea Ada et Robertus et Thomas et Hugo fratres mei", by charter dated May 1202[132]. m ENGUERRAND [II] de Coucy Seigneur de Boves, son of ROBERT de Coucy Seigneur de Boves & his wife Beatrix de Saint-Pol --- (-[1222/24]).

3. RAOUL de Nesle (-4 Jan 1235). The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines names "comes Cono, Iohannes…et iste qui adhuc vivit comes Radulfus Suessionensis" as sons of "Radulfo castellano [de Bruges]"[133]. "…Johannes et Radulfi fratrum meorum" subscribed the charter dated 1178 under which "Cono…comes Suessionensis dominus Petrofontis et Nigelle" donated property to the abbey of Notre-Dame d'Ourscamp[134]. Comte de Soissons 1180.

- COMTES de SOISSONS.

Chapter 6. CHÂTELAINS de COURTRAI (KORTRIJK)

1. ROGER (-after 6 May 1187). "…Rogerio Cortacensi…" signed the charter dated 1150 which records an agreement between Thierry Count of Flanders and "Milo…Morinensis episcopus" regarding the jurisdiction of the church[135]. Châtelain de Courtrai. Châtelain de Gand. "…Rogerus castellanus Gandensis" signed the charter dated 1151 under which Thierry Count of Flanders granted the church of Saint-Martin, Hesdin to "Milonem…Morinorum episcopum"[136]. Philippe Count of Flanders confirmed the donation of property "in parrochia de Severne" to the church of Saint-Martin, Popinglo made by "Rogerus castellanus et uxor eius Margareta" by charter dated 6 May 1187, signed by "Rogeri, Arnoldi, Giselberti filiorum ipsius Rogeri castellani, Joannis Insularis castellani…Sigeri de Gant…"[137]. m firstly SARA, daughter of ---. The primary source which confirms her marriage has not yet been identified. m secondly as her second husband, MARGUERITE de Guines, widow of EUSTACHE [III] de Fiennes, daughter of ARNAUD Comte de Guines & his wife Mathilde de Saint-Omer (-1222). The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium records that "Eustacium", son of "Eustacius…senex de Fielnis", married "Ghisnensis comitis Arnoldi filiam Margaretam"[138]. The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names (in order) "Margaretam…Beatricem…Adelidem …Eufemiam et Luthgaudam…Mathildem…Ghislam…Agnetem" as the eight daughters of "Willelmus Andomarensis castellanus" & his wife, specifying that Marguerite married firstly "Eustacio de Fielnis" and secondly "Rogero Curtracensi castellano"[139]. Philippe Count of Flanders confirmed the donation of property "in parrochia de Severne" to the church of Saint-Martin, Popinglo made by "Rogerus castellanus et uxor eius Margareta" by charter dated 6 May 1187, signed by "Rogeri, Arnoldi, Giselberti filiorum ipsius Rogeri castellani, Joannis Insularis castellani…Sigeri de Gant…"[140]. "Margareta quondam castellana Curtracensis" donated revenue to Gant Saint-Pierre by undated charter[141]. A charter dated to [1201/09] records the donation by "nobilis matrona Margareta…castellana Curtracensis" to Gant Saint-Pierre for the anniversary of "domini Eustachii primi mariti eiusdem matrone"[142]. "Margareta castellana Curtracensis" donated "decimam…apud Artevelde" to the abbey of Gent St Bavo by charter dated 1215[143]. Roger [I] & his first wife had four children:

a) ROGER [II] (-after Apr 1201). Philippe Count of Flanders confirmed the donation of property "in parrochia de Severne" to the church of Saint-Martin, Popinglo made by "Rogerus castellanus et uxor eius Margareta" by charter dated 6 May 1187, signed by "Rogeri, Arnoldi, Giselberti filiorum ipsius Rogeri castellani, Joannis Insularis castellani…Sigeri de Gant…"[144]. Baudouin IX Count of Flanders confirmed donations to the church of Harlebeek made by "Rogerus Curtracensis castellanus", for the soul of "patris sui Rogeri quondam…castellani" by charter dated 1198, which also records the donation made by "Beatrix domina de Nivella" for the soul of "mariti sui Rogeri Curtracensis junioris", signed by "…Sigeri Gandensis castellani, Theoderici de Beverna, Rogeri castellani Curtracensis, Balduini de Commines, Bernardi de Rosbais…"[145]. "…Rotgeri de Cortriaco…" signed the charter dated Apr 1201 under which Baudouin IX Count of Flanders donated property to several monasteries before leaving for Jerusalem[146]. m BEATRIX van Nevele, daughter of --- (-after 1198). Baudouin IX Count of Flanders confirmed donations to the church of Harlebeek made by "Rogerus Curtracensis castellanus", for the soul of "patris sui Rogeri quondam…castellani" by charter dated 1198, which also records the donation made by "Beatrix domina de Nivella" for the soul of "mariti sui Rogeri Curtracensis junioris"[147].

b) ARNAUD . Philippe Count of Flanders confirmed the donation of property "in parrochia de Severne" to the church of Saint-Martin, Popinglo made by "Rogerus castellanus et uxor eius Margareta" by charter dated 6 May 1187, signed by "Rogeri, Arnoldi, Giselberti filiorum ipsius Rogeri castellani, Joannis Insularis castellani…Sigeri de Gant…"[148].

c) GILBERT . Philippe Count of Flanders confirmed the donation of property "in parrochia de Severne" to the church of Saint-Martin, Popinglo made by "Rogerus castellanus et uxor eius Margareta" by charter dated 6 May 1187, signed by "Rogeri, Arnoldi, Giselberti filiorum ipsius Rogeri castellani, Joannis Insularis castellani…Sigeri de Gant…"[149].

d) PETRONILLE de Courtrai (-after 1214). “Sigerus castellanus Gandensis et uxor mea Petronilla” donated property to Afflighem abbey, with the consent of "Sigero filio nostro et reliquis filiis nostris", by charter dated 1198[150]. “Petronilla uxor quondam…Sigeri castellani Gandensis” noted the donation of property "in parochia Anderlechtensi" made to Voorst abbey by "Olivero de Sottegem" by charter dated 1214, witnessed by "Theodoricus et Walterus filii eiusdem Petronillæ, Rogerus de Curtraco, Ingelbertus de Lupengem milites, Mathildis advocata Bethuniæ, Margareta soror eiusdem"[151]. m SIGER [II] Châtelain de Gand, son of STEPPO van Viggezele & his wife Alice van Gent (-1202 or after).

1. SIGER de Courtrai (-after Jan 1243). "Sigerus de Cortraco miles et Adelisa uxor mea filia quondam domini Bernardi de Weneberchies militis" sold dîmes from property at Assenede held from "domino Hugone castellano Gandensi" to the nuns at Biloka by charter dated Jan 1243[152]. m ADELISE, daughter of BERNARD Seigneur de Weneberchies & his wife --- (-after Jan 1243). "Sigerus de Cortraco miles et Adelisa uxor mea filia quondam domini Bernardi de Weneberchies militis" sold dîmes from property at Assenede held from "domino Hugone castellano Gandensi" to the nuns at Biloka by charter dated Jan 1243[153].

Chapter 7. HEREN van DENDERMONDE, SEIGNEURS de BETHUNE

A. HEREN van DENDERMONDE

1. --- [van Dendermonde] . m [--- van Aalst, daughter of BOUDEWIJN van Gent & his wife Mathilde ---]. Her parentage and marriage are suggested by the Genealogia Comitum Flandriæ which records that "Iwanus et Daniel nepos eius" captured Gent and Bruges in 1128 in support of the succession of Thierry d'Alsace as Count of Flanders but were expelled from Flanders[154]. "Daniel" in this passage is identified as Daniel van Dendermonde. The precise relationship between Daniel de Dendermonde and Ivan van Aalst is not known, but if nepos in this passage can be interpreted precisely the mother of the former would have been the sister of the latter. One child:

a) DANIEL van Dendermonde (-after 1128). "…Hosto castellanus et Guillelmus frater eius, Robertus de Bethuna et Guilelmus filius eius, Anselmus de Hesdinio…Rogerus castellanus Insulensis et Robertus filius eius, Razo de Gavera, Daniel de Tenremont…Henricus de Brocborc, Eustachius advocatus et Arnulphus filius Rius castellanus Gandavensis…" signed the charter dated 14 Apr 1127 under which Guillaume Count of Flanders granted privileges to the town of Saint-Omer[155]. The Genealogia Comitum Flandriæ records that "Iwanus et Daniel nepos eius" captured Gent and Bruges in 1128 in support of the succession of Thierry d'Alsace as Count of Flanders but were expelled from Flanders[156].

2. WALTER [I] van Dendermonde (-after 1145). "…Waltherus de Teneremundis…" signed the charter dated 1145 under which "Godefridus…Dux et Marchio Lotharingiæ" donated property to Voorst abbey[157].

3. WALTER [II] van Dendermonde . Heer van Dendermonde. m ADELISA, daughter of --- (-after [1180]). “Adelisa uxor domini Walteri de Tenremonda” granted privileges to Gand Saint-Pierre "in terra de Tenremonde" by charter dated to [1180], witnessed by "Bertoldi filii mei…Danielis filii Walteri de Tenremonde, Theoderici de Tenremonde, Machtildis Advocatæ"[158]. Walter [II] & his wife had two children:

a) MATHILDE van Dendermonde (-1225 or before). The 13th century Histoire des ducs de Normandie et des rois d´Angleterre names "l´avoueresse Mehaut…feme fu à l´avoué Guillaume et mere Robiert de Biethune" when recording her husband´s death[159]. “Willelmus de Betunia dominus de Tenremonde et Mathilde uxor mea” granted privileges to Gand Saint-Pierre by charter dated 1193, witnessed by "…Walteri de Sottinghem, Rasonis de Gavera…"[160]. “Petronilla uxor quondam…Sigeri castellani Gandensis” noted the donation of property "in parochia Anderlechtensi" made to Voorst abbey by "Olivero de Sottegem" by charter dated 1214, witnessed by "Theodoricus et Walterus filii eiusdem Petronillæ, Rogerus de Curtraco, Ingelbertus de Lupengem milites, Mathildis advocata Bethuniæ, Margareta soror eiusdem"[161]. m GUILLAUME [III] de Béthune, son of ROBERT [IV] "le Roux" Seigneur de Béthune & his wife Adelaide --- (-[13/14] Apr 1214).

b) MARGARETA van Dendermonde (-after 1232). “Petronilla uxor quondam…Sigeri castellani Gandensis” noted the donation of property "in parochia Anderlechtensi" made to Voorst abbey by "Olivero de Sottegem" by charter dated 1214, witnessed by "Theodoricus et Walterus filii eiusdem Petronillæ, Rogerus de Curtraco, Ingelbertus de Lupengem milites, Mathildis advocata Bethuniæ, Margareta soror eiusdem"[162]. “Robertus de Betunia dominus de Tenremonde” donated the part of the dimes from Molenbeke belonging to "domina et amita mea Margareta de Tenremonde" to the church of Dendermonde by charter dated Feb 1226[163]. "Robertus Atrebatensis advocatus, Bethunie et Teneramundæ dominus" confirmed the donation of property "in parochia de Aspels…et in parochia de Opwick" made to Swybeecke abbey by "Margareta domicella de Teneramunda matertera mea" by charter dated 1232[164].

B. HEREN van DENDERMONDE (BETHUNE)

1. ROBERT [I] de Béthune . An undated charter records that "Robertus Faisceuls" founded the church of Saint-Bartholomée, that after his death "Robertus filius suus" confirmed his father´s foundation, that "Robertus…Grossus pater Guillelmi" built three chapels in one of which "filium suum Robertum fratrem Guillelmi" was buried, that "Robertus Rufus nepos ipsius…et mater eius Clementia" donated property[165]. m ---. The name of Robert´s wife is not known. Robert [I] & his wife had one child:

a) ROBERT [II] de Béthune . An undated charter records that "Robertus Faisceuls" founded the church of Saint-Bartholomée, that after his death "Robertus filius suus" confirmed his father´s foundation, that "Robertus…Grossus pater Guillelmi" built three chapels in one of which "filium suum Robertum fratrem Guillelmi" was buried, that "Robertus Rufus nepos ipsius…et mater eius Clementia" donated property[166]. m ---. The name of Robert´s wife is not known. Robert [I] & his wife had one child:

i) ROBERT [III] de Béthune (-after 14 Apr 1127). "Wido comes Pontivensis, frater eius Hugo comes de Sancto Paulo, Eustachius comes Boloniensis, Robertus Bituniensis…" signed the charter dated 1091 under which the abbot of Saint-Bertin and "Manasses comes Gisnensis" made an agreement relating to serfs[167].

- see below.

Two brothers:

1. ELBERT de Béthune (-after [1131]). "…Elberti de Bethunia…" witnessed the charter dated 1109 under which "Warinus de Dourges" donated "alodium meum de Dourges et de Nigella" to the church of St Eligius near Artois[168]. "…Elberti de Bethunia et Roberti fratris eius" witnessed the charter dated to [1131] under which Thierry Count of Flanders donated the church of Aubigny to the abbey of "Montesancti Eligii" near Artois[169].

- SEIGNEURS de CARENCY.

2. ROBERT de Béthune (-after [1131]). "…Elberti de Bethunia et Roberti fratris eius" witnessed the charter dated to [1131] under which Thierry Count of Flanders donated the church of Aubigny to the abbey of "Montesancti Eligii" near Artois[170].

ROBERT [III] de Béthune, son of ROBERT [II] de Béthune & his wife --- (-after 14 Apr 1127). "Wido comes Pontivensis, frater eius Hugo comes de Sancto Paulo, Eustachius comes Boloniensis, Robertus Bituniensis…" signed the charter dated 1091 under which the abbot of Saint-Bertin and "Manasses comes Gisnensis" made an agreement relating to serfs[171]. "Ingelranus…castri Lilleriensis dominus et nobilis uxor eius Emma" founded Ham abbey by charter dated 1093, witnessed by "Manasses comes Gisnensis, Robertus advocatus Bethuniæ, Bernardus de Ballol, Hugo Albiniensis…"[172]. "…Robertus, Bituniensis, Baldus filius eius…" signed the charter dated 15 Feb 1113 under which Baudouin VII Count of Flanders attested that "Walterio Hisdinensi" had committed to defend the abbey of Saint-Silvin d´Auchy[173]. "…Robertus de Betunia…" signed a charter dated 29 Nov 1121 under which Charles Count of Flanders donated property to the monastery of Bourbourg[174]. "…Robertus advocatus de Betune…" witnessed the charter dated 7 Jul 1123 under which "Hugo de Sancto Paulo cognomen habens Campdaveine" donated property to the monastery of Bourbourg, in the presence of Charles Count of Flanders[175]. "…Hosto castellanus et Guillelmus frater eius, Robertus de Bethuna et Guilelmus filius eius, Anselmus de Hesdinio…Rogerus castellanus Insulensis et Robertus filius eius, Razo de Gavera, Daniel de Tenremont…Henricus de Brocborc, Eustachius advocatus et Arnulphus filius Rius castellanus Gandavensis…" signed the charter dated 14 Apr 1127 under which Guillaume Count of Flanders granted privileges to the town of Saint-Omer[176].

m ---. The name of Robert´s wife is not known.

Robert [III] & his wife had three children:

1. ROBERT de Béthune (-bur Saint-Bartholomée). An undated charter records that "Robertus Faisceuls" founded the church of Saint-Bartholomée, that after his death "Robertus filius suus" confirmed his father´s foundation, that "Robertus…Grossus pater Guillelmi" built three chapels in one of which "filium suum Robertum fratrem Guillelmi" was buried, that "Robertus Rufus nepos ipsius…et mater eius Clementia" donated property[177].

2. BAUDOUIN de Béthune . "…Robertus, Bituniensis, Baldus filius eius…" signed the charter dated 15 Feb 1113 under which Baudouin VII Count of Flanders attested that "Walterio Hisdinensi" had committed to defend the abbey of Saint-Silvin d´Auchy[178].

3. GUILLAUME [I] de Béthune (-1138). "…Robertus de Bethuna et Guilelmus filius eius…" signed the charter dated 14 Apr 1127 under which Guillaume Count of Flanders granted privileges to the town of Saint-Omer[179]. "Guilelmus jure hereditario Betuniensis advocatus" donated property to the church of Saint-Pry, with the consent of "Clementia uxore mea filioque meo Roberto", by charter dated to [1138][180]. m CLEMENCE de Cambrai, daughter of HUGUES [II] Châtelain de Cambrai, Sire d'Oisy et de Crèvecœur & his wife Hildiarde de Mons (-after [1165]). "Guilelmus jure hereditario Betuniensis advocatus" donated property to the church of Saint-Pry, with the consent of "Clementia uxore mea filioque meo Roberto", by charter dated to [1138][181]. "Robertum Bethunensium advocatum et matrem meam Clemenciam" confirmed donations to the priory of Saint-Pry-lez-Béthune, with the consent of "uxore mea Adelide et sorore mea Maltide et Roberto filio meo", by charter dated to [1165][182]. “Clementiæ dominæ de Chokes, matri Roberti advocati de Bethunia” donated “terram…Mansus” to "abbas S. Johannis de Chokes", with the consent of "filio eius Roberto Betuniensi advocato et uxore eius Adelide et filiis eius Roberto, Baldewyno, Willermo et filia eius Clementia"[183]. Guillaume [I] & his wife had two children:

a) ROBERT [IV] “le Roux” de Béthune (-killed in battle Acre 10 Jan 1191). "Guilelmus jure hereditario Betuniensis advocatus" donated property to the church of Saint-Pry, with the consent of "Clementia uxore mea filioque meo Roberto", by charter dated to [1138][184].

- see below.

b) MATHILDE de Béthune (-after [1165]). The fact that Mathilde was her parents´ only daughter is suggested by the charter dated 1182 under which her brother "Robertus de Betunia…Atrebatensis advocatus" donated property to the abbey of Saint-Jean-Baptiste de Choques, for the souls of "patris et matris et uxoris meæ, et sororis meæ, et filiorum meorum"[185]. "Robertum Bethunensium advocatum et matrem meam Clemenciam" confirmed donations to the priory of Saint-Pry-lez-Béthune, with the consent of "uxore mea Adelide et sorore mea Maltide et Roberto filio meo", by charter dated to [1165][186]. The Chronicon Hanoniense names "Roberti de Betune Atrebatensi sorore" as the first wife of "Evrardum cognomina Radonem"[187]. m (repudiated) as his first wife, EVERARD [III] Radoul Châtelain de Tournai, son of EVERARD [II] Radoul Châtelain de Hainaut & his wife Richilde de Hainaut (-1189 or after).

ROBERT [IV] “le Roux” de Béthune, son of GUILLAUME [II] Seigneur de Béthune & his wife Clémence de Cambrai (-Palestine [1191/92]). "Guilelmus jure hereditario Betuniensis advocatus" donated property to the church of Saint-Pry, with the consent of "Clementia uxore mea filioque meo Roberto", by charter dated to [1138][188]. Seigneur de Béthune. "Robertus…Betuniæ advocatus" donated "villam…Monciacum" {Monchy} to "abbate Nicolao et monachis Corbeiensibus", for the souls of "…uxoris Adelisæ et filiorum", by charter dated to [1140], signed by "Balduinus de Atrebato, eiusdem advocati cognatus"[189]. "…Heinricus castellanus de Broborc, Robertus advocatus Bethunie, Rogerus castellanus de Curt, Eustachius de Greneri camerarius, Frumoldus de Ipre castellanus, Jordanus castellanus de Dichesmer…" signed the charter dated 1162 under which "Willelmus de Ipres…cum Leliosa consanguinea mea et cum filia sua Petronilla" donated revenue from land to the abbey of Bourbourg[190]. "Robertum Bethunensium advocatum et matrem meam Clemenciam" confirmed donations to the priory of Saint-Pry-lez-Béthune, with the consent of "uxore mea Adelide et sorore mea Maltide et Roberto filio meo", by charter dated to [1165][191]. “Clementiæ dominæ de Chokes, matri Roberti advocati de Bethunia” donated “terram…Mansus” to "abbas S. Johannis de Chokes", with the consent of "filio eius Roberto Betuniensi advocato et uxore eius Adelide et filiis eius Roberto, Baldewyno, Willermo et filia eius Clementia"[192]. “Robertus de Betuna advocatus Atrebati” donated “terram meam de Messewalla”, with the consent of "filiorum meorum Roberti, Willielmi, Balduini, Johannis, Cononi", to Faversham Abbey, Kent by undated charter, dated to the reign of Henry II King of England[193]. "Robertus de Betunia, Atrebatensis advocatus…advocatus de Warneston et Adhelis uxor mea et filii mei Robertus, Willelmus, Balduinus" confirmed the possessions of Warneton abbey by charter dated 1177[194]. "Robberti advocati, Robberti filius eius…" signed the charter dated [24 Apr/12 Jun] 1177 under which Philippe Count of Flanders declared that his older sister renounced the inheritance of her brother[195]. "…Roberti advocate Bethunie…" signed the charter dated [24 Apr/12 Jun] 1177 under which Philippe Count of Flanders donated revenue to the church of Notre-Dame de Capelle[196]. "Robertus de Betunia…Atrebatensis advocatus" donated property to the abbey of Saint-Jean-Baptiste de Choques, with the consent of "filiorum meorum Roberti…Willermi, Baldevini, Cononis", for the souls of "patris et matris et uxoris meæ, et sororis meæ, et filiorum meorum", by charter dated 1182[197]. "Robertus de Bethunia Atrebatensis advocatus" donated property to the church at Béthune by undated charter, dated to [1190], witnessed by "filiorum meorum Roberti, Willelmi, Balduini, Johannis, Cononis"[198]. The Chronicon Hanoniense names "Robertus advocatus Betunensis" among those who died in Palestine in [1191][199].

m (before [1140]) ADELAIDE, daughter of --- (-[1177/82]). "Robertus…Betuniæ advocatus" donated "villam…Monciacum" {Monchy} to "abbate Nicolao et monachis Corbeiensibus", for the souls of "…uxoris Adelisæ et filiorum", by charter dated to [1140], signed by "Balduinus de Atrebato, eiusdem advocati cognatus"[200]. The last-named person in that document may provide a clue to Adelaide´s family origin, the term "cognatus" indicating frequently, although not exclusively, brother-in-law. “Clementiæ dominæ de Chokes, matri Roberti advocati de Bethunia” donated “terram…Mansus” to "abbas S. Johannis de Chokes", with the consent of "filio eius Roberto Betuniensi advocato et uxore eius Adelide et filiis eius Roberto, Baldewyno, Willermo et filia eius Clementia"[201]. "Robertus de Betunia, Atrebatensis advocatus…advocatus de Warneston et Adhelis uxor mea et filii mei Robertus, Willelmus, Balduinus" confirmed the possessions of Warneton abbey by charter dated 1177[202]. The 13th century Histoire des ducs de Normandie et des rois d´Angleterre suggests that Adelaide may have been related to the family of the seigneurs de Saint-Valéry in Normandy when names "fille fu Bernart de Saint-Waleri…Mehaus" as the wife of "Guillaumes de Brayouse" and comments that she once boasted about her cows to "Bauduin le conte d´Aubemalle son neveu"[203]. The precise relationship between Mathilde de Saint-Valéry and Adelaide´s son Baudouin has not been ascertained.

Robert & his wife had [nine] children:

1. ROBERT [V] de Béthune ([before 1140]-[1193/94]). "Robertus…Betuniæ advocatus" donated "villam…Monciacum" {Monchy} to "abbate Nicolao et monachis Corbeiensibus", for the souls of "…uxoris Adelisæ et filiorum", by charter dated to [1140][204]. It is uncertain which, if any, of Robert [IV]´s named children the word "filiorum" in this document relates. "Robertum Bethunensium advocatum et matrem meam Clemenciam" confirmed donations to the priory of Saint-Pry-lez-Béthune, with the consent of "uxore mea Adelide et sorore mea Maltide et Roberto filio meo", by charter dated to [1165][205]. “Clementiæ dominæ de Chokes, matri Roberti advocati de Bethunia” donated “terram…Mansus” to "abbas S. Johannis de Chokes", with the consent of "filio eius Roberto Betuniensi advocato et uxore eius Adelide et filiis eius Roberto, Baldewyno, Willermo et filia eius Clementia"[206]. "Robertus de Betunia, Atrebatensis advocatus…advocatus de Warneston et Adhelis uxor mea et filii mei Robertus, Willelmus, Balduinus" confirmed the possessions of Warneton abbey by charter dated 1177[207]. "Robberti advocati, Robberti filius eius…" signed the charter dated [24 Apr/12 Jun] 1177 under which Philippe Count of Flanders declared that his older sister renounced the inheritance of her brother[208]. "Robertus de Betunia…Atrebatensis advocatus" donated property to the abbey of Saint-Jean-Baptiste de Choques, with the consent of "filiorum meorum Roberti…Willermi, Baldevini, Cononis", for the souls of "patris et matris et uxoris meæ, et sororis meæ, et filiorum meorum", by charter dated 1182[209]. “Robertus de Betuna advocatus Atrebati” donated “terram meam de Messewalla”, with the consent of "filiorum meorum Roberti, Willielmi, Balduini, Johannis, Cononi", to Faversham Abbey, Kent by undated charter, dated to the reign of Henry II King of England[210]. "Robertus de Bethunia Atrebatensis advocatus" donated property to the church at Béthune by undated charter, dated to [1190], witnessed by "filiorum meorum Roberti, Willelmi, Balduini, Johannis, Cononis"[211].

2. [BAUDOUIN de Béthune (-young). “Clementiæ dominæ de Chokes, matri Roberti advocati de Bethunia” donated “terram…Mansus” to "abbas S. Johannis de Chokes", with the consent of "filio eius Roberto Betuniensi advocato et uxore eius Adelide et filiis eius Roberto, Baldewyno, Willermo et filia eius Clementia"[212]. The order of the witnesses suggests that Baudouin was a different person from the other son of Robert named Baudouin, who is named in documentation after his brother Guillaume (see below).]

3. GUILLAUME [III] de Béthune (-[13/14] Apr 1214). “Clementiæ dominæ de Chokes, matri Roberti advocati de Bethunia” donated “terram…Mansus” to "abbas S. Johannis de Chokes", with the consent of "filio eius Roberto Betuniensi advocato et uxore eius Adelide et filiis eius Roberto, Baldewyno, Willermo et filia eius Clementia"[213]. "Robertus de Betunia, Atrebatensis advocatus…advocatus de Warneston et Adhelis uxor mea et filii mei Robertus, Willelmus, Balduinus" confirmed the possessions of Warneton abbey by charter dated 1177[214]. "Robertus de Betunia…Atrebatensis advocatus" donated property to the abbey of Saint-Jean-Baptiste de Choques, with the consent of "filiorum meorum Roberti…Willermi, Baldevini, Cononis", for the souls of "patris et matris et uxoris meæ, et sororis meæ, et filiorum meorum", by charter dated 1182[215]. “Robertus de Betuna advocatus Atrebati” donated “terram meam de Messewalla”, with the consent of "filiorum meorum Roberti, Willielmi, Balduini, Johannis, Cononi", to Faversham Abbey, Kent by undated charter, dated to the reign of Henry II King of England[216]. "Robertus de Bethunia Atrebatensis advocatus" donated property to the church at Béthune by undated charter, dated to [1190], witnessed by "filiorum meorum Roberti, Willelmi, Balduini, Johannis, Cononis"[217]. Seigneur de Béthune, de Lokere, de Meulebeeke et de Richebourg. “Willelmus de Betunia dominus de Tenremonde et Mathilde uxor mea” granted privileges to Gand Saint-Pierre by charter dated 1193, witnessed by "…Walteri de Sottinghem, Rasonis de Gavera…"[218]. "…Willelmi Bethunæ advocati, Cononis eius fratris…" signed the charter dated Apr 1201 under which Baudouin IX Count of Flanders donated property to several monasteries before leaving for Jerusalem[219]. "Willermus Attrebatensis advocatus, Bethuniæ ac Teneremundæ dominus et Matildis uxor mea…et filii nostri Daniel primogenitus et Robertus" donated property to Beaupré abbey by charter dated 1212[220]. The 13th century Histoire des ducs de Normandie et des rois d´Angleterre records the death of "Guillaumes li avoués de Biethune et li viscuens de Meleun", dated to [1214/16] from the context[221]. m MATHILDE van Dendermonde, daughter of WALTER [II] Heer van Dendermonde & his wife Adelisa --- (-1225 or before). The 13th century Histoire des ducs de Normandie et des rois d´Angleterre names "l´avoueresse Mehaut…feme fu à l´avoué Guillaume et mere Robiert de Biethune" when recording her husband´s death[222]. “Willelmus de Betunia dominus de Tenremonde et Mathilde uxor mea” granted privileges to Gand Saint-Pierre by charter dated 1193, witnessed by "…Walteri de Sottinghem, Rasonis de Gavera…"[223]. "Willermus Attrebatensis advocatus, Bethuniæ ac Teneremundæ dominus et Matildis uxor mea…et filii nostri Daniel primogenitus et Robertus" donated property to Beaupré abbey by charter dated 1212[224]. Guillaume [III] & his wife had seven children:

a) DANIEL de Béthune (-1227 or after). "Willermus Attrebatensis advocatus, Bethuniæ ac Teneremundæ dominus et Matildis uxor mea…et filii nostri Daniel primogenitus et Robertus" donated property to Beaupré abbey by charter dated 1212[225]. "Daniel Attrebatensis advocatus, Bethuniæ dominus" donated property to the church of Saint-Bartholomée de Béthune by charter dated Dec 1219 and donated property to the same church by charter dated Dec 1222[226]. m as her first husband, EUSTACHIE de Châtillon, daughter of GAUCHER [III] de Châtillon Comte de Saint-Pol & his wife Elisabeth de Saint-Pol. "Eustacia domini Galcheri de Castillione comitis Sti Pauli filia, uxor…Danielis advocati Attrebatensis ac domini Bettuniensis" confirmed her husband´s donation to the canons of Arras by charter dated Feb 1218[227]. She married secondly as his first wife, Robert [II] de Wavrin Seneschal of Flanders.

b) ROBERT [VI] de Béthune (-Sardinia 11/12 Nov 1248). "Willermus Attrebatensis advocatus, Bethuniæ ac Teneremundæ dominus et Matildis uxor mea…et filii nostri Daniel primogenitus et Robertus" donated property to Beaupré abbey by charter dated 1212[228]. The 13th century Histoire des ducs de Normandie et des rois d´Angleterre names "Robert don fill" when recording the death of "Guillaumes li avoués de Biethune et li viscuens de Meleun"[229]. "Dominus Robertus, Wilhelmus, Joannes de Bethunia, fratres Danielis tunc temporis domini Bethuniensis, Atrebatensis advocati, et Amalricus de Fontenella, milites, Beatridis comitissa de Gisnes, et Katarina sorores" witnessed the charter dated Nov 1220 under which "Mathildis de Housdaing…domina de Chockes" donated property to the abbey of Saint-Jean-Baptiste de Choques[230]. “Robertus de Betunia dominus de Tenremonde” donated the part of the dimes from Molenbeke belonging to "domina et amita mea Margareta de Tenremonde" to the church of Dendermonde by charter dated Feb 1226[231]. m as her second husband, ELISABETH de Morialmes, widow of NICOLAS de Condé, daughter of ARNOUL de Morialmes & his wife ---. Robert & his wife had two children:

i) MATHILDE de Béthune (after 1230-8 Nov 1264). Dame de Béthune, Dendermonde, Richebourg et Warneton. The Genealogia Comitum Flandriæ names "Mathilde filia Roberti Tenremontensis" as wife of "Guido frater eius [=Willelmus]"[232]. The testament of "Mahaut feme au…Guion comte de Flandre et dame de Béthune", dated Mar 1250, is witnessed by "…monseigneur Robert sénéchal de Flandre, monseigneur Hellyn son frère, monseigr Guillaume de Grimberghes"[233]. The Annales Blandinienses record the wife of Comte Guy as "filiam Roberti advocati Bethunensis", and the death of "Mathildis uxor Widonis comitis" in 1262[234]. m (contract 2 Feb 1246) as his first wife, GUY de Flandre, son of GUILLAUME [II] Seigneur de Dampierre & his wife Marguerite II Ctss of Flanders and Hainaut ([1225/26]-imprisoned Compiègne 7 Mar 1305, bur Flines). He succeeded his brother in 1251 as joint Count of Flanders. He succeeded his mother in 1278 as sole Count of Flanders.

ii) ELISABETH de Béthune (-before 1300). The primary source which confirms her parentage and two marriages has not yet been identified. m firstly HELIN de Wavrin Seigneur de Harponlieu, son of ---. m secondly (before 1284) as his second wife, HUGUES [III] Sire d´Antoing et d´Epinoy, son of HUGUES [II] Sire d´Antoing et d´Epinoy & his first wife Philippine de Harnes (-[1310]).

c) ANSEAU de Béthune (-after 1216). The 13th century Histoire des ducs de Normandie et des rois d´Angleterre names "les dues freres Ansiel et Bauduin de Biethune" at the siege of Farnham in 1216[235].

d) BAUDOUIN de Béthune (-after May 1237). The 13th century Histoire des ducs de Normandie et des rois d´Angleterre names "les dues freres Ansiel et Bauduin de Biethune" at the siege of Farnham in 1216[236]. "Robert advocate of Arras and lord of Bethune" granted "the manor of Gayton" to "Baldwin de Bethune", confirmed 27 May 1237[237].

e) GUILLAUME de Béthune (-after Nov 1220). "Dominus Robertus, Wilhelmus, Joannes de Bethunia, fratres Danielis tunc temporis domini Bethuniensis, Atrebatensis advocati, et Amalricus de Fontenella, milites, Beatridis comitissa de Gisnes, et Katarina sorores" witnessed the charter dated Nov 1220 under which "Mathildis de Housdaing…domina de Chockes" donated property to the abbey of Saint-Jean-Baptiste de Choques[238].

f) JEAN de Béthune (-before 1240). "Dominus Robertus, Wilhelmus, Joannes de Bethunia, fratres Danielis tunc temporis domini Bethuniensis, Atrebatensis advocati, et Amalricus de Fontenella, milites, Beatridis comitissa de Gisnes, et Katarina sorores" witnessed the charter dated Nov 1220 under which "Mathildis de Housdaing…domina de Chockes" donated property to the abbey of Saint-Jean-Baptiste de Choques[239]. m (1231) as her second husband, ELISABETH de Saint-Pol, widow of GAUCHER [III] de Châtillon Comte de Saint-Pol, daughter of HUGUES [IV] "Candavène" Comte de Saint-Pol & his wife Yolande de Hainaut (-before 1240). The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines names "Ysabellam uxorem comitis Galtheri de Castellione, qui per uxorem factus est comes de Sancto Paulo, et Eustaciam uxorem Iohannis de Nigella" as children of "comiti Hugoni de Sancto Paulo" & his wife[240]. Her second marriage is confirmed by the charter dated [2/30] Apr 1233 under which her son “Hugo comes Sancti Pauli” did homage to Louis IX King of France for the lands of “mater mea I. comitissa Sancti Pauli et Johannes de Bethunia, qui dicebatur eius maritus”[241], although the last phrase suggests doubt about whether the couple was actually married.

g) MATHILDE de Béthune . “Robertus advocatus Atrebatensis, Betuniæ et Teneræmondæ dominus” granted property "in parochia de Calkene…de Laerne…[et] de Masseme" to "domino Gilberto de Sottenghem" for his marriage to "Machtildis sororis meæ" by charter dated Mar 1228, witnessed by "Michael Flandrie constabularius, Walterus de Ghistelle"[242]. m (Mar 1228) GILBERT van Zotteghem, son of ---.

4. CLEMENCE de Béthune . “Clementiæ dominæ de Chokes, matri Roberti advocati de Bethunia” donated “terram…Mansus” to "abbas S. Johannis de Chokes", with the consent of "filio eius Roberto Betuniensi advocato et uxore eius Adelide et filiis eius Roberto, Baldewyno, Willermo et filia eius Clementia"[243].

5. BAUDOUIN de Béthune (-Burstwick, Holderness 13 or 14 Oct 1212, bur Abbey of Meaux[244]). "Robertus de Betunia, Atrebatensis advocatus…advocatus de Warneston et Adhelis uxor mea et filii mei Robertus, Willelmus, Balduinus" confirmed the possessions of Warneton abbey by charter dated 1177[245]. "Robertus de Betunia…Atrebatensis advocatus" donated property to the abbey of Saint-Jean-Baptiste de Choques, with the consent of "filiorum meorum Roberti…Willermi, Baldevini, Cononis", for the souls of "patris et matris et uxoris meæ, et sororis meæ, et filiorum meorum", by charter dated 1182[246]. “Robertus de Betuna advocatus Atrebati” donated “terram meam de Messewalla”, with the consent of "filiorum meorum Roberti, Willielmi, Balduini, Johannis, Cononi", to Faversham Abbey, Kent by undated charter, dated to the reign of Henry II King of England[247]. "Robertus de Bethunia Atrebatensis advocatus" donated property to the church at Béthune by undated charter, dated to [1190], witnessed by "filiorum meorum Roberti, Willelmi, Balduini, Johannis, Cononis"[248]. Seigneur de Choques [en-Artois]. The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1194/95], names "Baldewinus de Betun" among those granted delay in payment "per brevis" in Buckinghamshire, Bedfordshire[249]. He succeeded as Comte d'Aumâle in [1195/96], de iure uxoris.

- COMTE d´AUMÂLE.

6. JEAN de Béthune . “Robertus de Betuna advocatus Atrebati” donated “terram meam de Messewalla”, with the consent of "filiorum meorum Roberti, Willielmi, Balduini, Johannis, Cononi", to Faversham Abbey, Kent by undated charter, dated to the reign of Henry II King of England[250]. "Robertus de Betunia…Atrebatensis advocatus" donated property to the abbey of Saint-Jean-Baptiste de Choques, with the consent of "filiorum meorum Roberti…Willermi, Baldevini, Cononis", for the souls of "patris et matris et uxoris meæ, et sororis meæ, et filiorum meorum", by charter dated 1182[251]. "Robertus de Bethunia Atrebatensis advocatus" donated property to the church at Béthune by undated charter, dated to [1190], witnessed by "filiorum meorum Roberti, Willelmi, Balduini, Johannis, Cononis"[252]. Bishop of Cambrai. The 13th century Histoire des ducs de Normandie et des rois d´Angleterre records that "Jehans…fils Robert d´avoé de Biethune et freres l´avoé Guillaume" was bishop of Cambrai at the end of the 12th century[253]. m ---. The name of Jean´s wife is not known. Jean & his wife had one child:

a) [SIMONE] (-after Mar 1250). The testament of "Mahaut feme au…Guion comte de Flandre et dame de Béthune", dated Mar 1250, bequeathed property to "…Simmain le Béghine qui fut fille monseingneur Jehan de Béthune…"[254].

7. CONAN de Béthune (-after Apr 1201). “Robertus de Betuna advocatus Atrebati” donated “terram meam de Messewalla”, with the consent of "filiorum meorum Roberti, Willielmi, Balduini, Johannis, Cononi", to Faversham Abbey, Kent by undated charter, dated to the reign of Henry II King of England[255]. "Robertus de Betunia…Atrebatensis advocatus" donated property to the abbey of Saint-Jean-Baptiste de Choques, with the consent of "filiorum meorum Roberti…Willermi, Baldevini, Cononis", for the souls of "patris et matris et uxoris meæ, et sororis meæ, et filiorum meorum", by charter dated 1182[256]. "Robertus de Bethunia Atrebatensis advocatus" donated property to the church at Béthune by undated charter, dated to [1190], witnessed by "filiorum meorum Roberti, Willelmi, Balduini, Johannis, Cononis"[257]. "…Willelmi Bethunæ advocati, Cononis eius fratris…" signed the charter dated Apr 1201 under which Baudouin IX Count of Flanders donated property to several monasteries before leaving for Jerusalem[258].

8. ELISABETH de Béthune . The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium records that Baudouin, son of "Broburgensi castellano Henrico, Deinardi filio" and his wife Beatrix, married "Elizabeth filiam advocati Roberti de Bethunia" but died childless[259]. m BAUDOUIN de Bourbourg, son of HENRI Châtelain de Bourbourg & his second wife Beatrix van Aalst (-bur Bourbourg Sainte-Marie).

9. MATHILDE de Béthune (-[Nov 1220/12 May 1221]). The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium records that Gauthier, son of "Broburgensi castellano Henrico, Deinardi filio" and his wife Beatrix married "advocati Roberti de Bethunia filiam Mathildem sororem Elizabeth"[260]. Her parentage and marriage are also indicated by the 13th century Histoire des ducs de Normandie et des rois d´Angleterre which records that "Robiers de Biethune" captured "Gisnes el castiel" and "la contesse…sa cousine germaine" (who was Mathilde´s daughter), dated to [1214] from the context[261]. Dame de Choques. "Dominus Robertus, Wilhelmus, Joannes de Bethunia, fratres Danielis tunc temporis domini Bethuniensis, Atrebatensis advocati, et Amalricus de Fontenella, milites, Beatridis comitissa de Gisnes, et Katarina sorores" witnessed the charter dated Nov 1220 under which "Mathildis de Housdaing…domina de Chockes" donated property to the abbey of Saint-Jean-Baptiste de Choques[262]. It is possible that this last charter indicates a second marriage of Mathilde. "Beatrix comitissa de Gisnes et castellana de Bourbourch" donated property to the abbey of Saint-Jean-Baptiste de Choques, for the souls of "patris mei Walteri castellani de Bourbourch et matris meæ Mathildis de Bethunia dominæ de Chokes et Arnoldi comitis Gisnensis mariti mei et fratris mei Henrici castellani de Bourbourch", by charter dated 12 May 1221[263]. m [firstly] GAUTHIER de Bourbourg, son of HENRI Châtelain de Bourbourg & his second wife Beatrix van Aalst. [m secondly --- de Houdain, son of ---.]

1. GUILLAUME de Béthune (-12 Jan 1243). It is assumed that Guillaume was the same person as Guillaume, son of Guillaume [III] de Béthune (see above), but the primary source which confirms that this is correct has not yet been identified. "Willelmus de Bethunia et uxor eius Elisabeth de Ponte Roardi" donated property to the abbey of Ravensberghe by charter dated early Dec 1228[264]. Heer van Molembeek. "Williermus de Bethunia dominus de Molembeka et Elisabeth domina de Ponte-Rohardi uxor mea" founded the abbey of Pont-Rohard, with the consent of "Ægidii filii nostri primogeniti", by charter dated Apr 1240[265]. The necrology of Pont-Rohard records the death "II Id Jan" in 1243 of "Wilelmi de Bethunia quondam domini de Ponte-Rohardi nec non…uxoris suæ, fundatorum ecclesiæ"[266]. m ELISABETH Dame de Pont-Rohard, daughter of --- (-19 Jan ----). "Willelmus de Bethunia et uxor eius Elisabeth de Ponte Roardi" donated property to the abbey of Ravensberghe by charter dated early Dec 1228[267]. "Williermus de Bethunia dominus de Molembeka et Elisabeth domina de Ponte-Rohardi uxor mea" founded the abbey of Pont-Rohard, with the consent of "Ægidii filii nostri primogeniti", by charter dated Apr 1240[268]. The necrology of Pont-Rohard records the death "XIV Kal Feb" of "Elisabeth dominæ de Ponte-Rohardi"[269]. Guillaume & his wife had one child:

a) GILLES de Béthune . "Williermus de Bethunia dominus de Molembeka et Elisabeth domina de Ponte-Rohardi uxor mea" founded the abbey of Pont-Rohard, with the consent of "Ægidii filii nostri primogeniti", by charter dated Apr 1240[270]. "Ægidius de Bethunia dominus de Molembeka, Elisabeth uxor mea" donated property to the abbey of Pont-Rohard, for the soul of "Williermi de Bethunia patris mei", by charter dated Mar 1243[271]. m ELISABETH, daughter of ---. "Ægidius de Bethunia dominus de Molembeka, Elisabeth uxor mea" donated property to the abbey of Pont-Rohard, for the soul of "Williermi de Bethunia patris mei", by charter dated Mar 1243[272].

Chapter 8. HEREN van GAVRE

1. RASO [I] [van Gavre] (-[after 1060]). "…Rasonis…" signed the charter dated 1034 under which "Heimericus de Lophen" donated "hereditatem meam in pago Bracbantense in villa Berda vel Cuckenbeca" to Saint-Pierre de Gand[273]. "…Razonis…" signed the charter dated 1040 under which "Imma de Laren cum filia sua Diduuara" submitted themselves to Saint-Pierre de Gand[274]. "…Razonis…" signed the charter dated 1060 under which "femina Godelif" submitted herself to the abbey of Saint-Pierre de Gand[275].

2. JAN van Gavre (-after 13 Sep 1083). "…Joannes de Gavera…" signed the charter dated 13 Sep 1083 under which Gérard Bishop of Cambrai donated "Altare de Huneghem" to Gand Saint-Pierre[276].

[Two siblings], parents not known:

1. RASO [II] van Gavre (-after 1 Feb 1117). "…Razonis de Gavara, Ansboldi nepotis eius…" signed the charter dated to [1073] under which "Walterus de Afsna" donated property to the abbey of Saint-Pierre de Gand[277]. "Lotbertus…abbas Hasnoniensis cœnobii" sold property "in Alost et Rasseghem et Lede" to "Gisilberto Balduini Gandensis filio" by charter dated 1088, witnessed by "…Raso de Gavra…"[278]. "…Razonis de Gauera, Rothardi de Sotengem, Razonis de Melne…" signed the charter dated 1090 under which "Duum cum filiabus Folquif et Oda et Ingelrad" donated property to the abbey of Saint-Pierre de Gand[279]. "…Walteri de Sottengem, Rasonis de Gavra…" signed the charter dated 1114 under which "Willelmus de Bethunia dominus de Tenremonde et Mathildis uxor mea" granted rights to the abbey of Saint-Pierre de Gand[280]. "Galterus custos Teruanensis, Haket castellanus Brugensis, Galterus castellanus Curtracensis, Baldwinus de Alost, Razo de Gavera…" signed the charter dated 1115 under which "Balduinus…Flandrensium comes" confirmed donations to Voormezeele abbey, with the consent of "Adam, Formosellenis castelli tunc domino"[281]. "Wenemarus castellanus Gandensis, Hachet castellanus Brugensis, Galterus castellanus Curtracensis, Baldewinus de Alost et Iwain frater eius, Razo de Gavera…" signed the charter dated 1 Feb 1117 under which "Balduinus…Flandrensium comes" confirmed donations to Voormezeele abbey[282].

2. [--- .] m ---. One child:

a) ANSBOLD . "…Razonis de Gavara, Ansboldi nepotis eius…" signed the charter dated to [1073] under which "Walterus de Afsna" donated property to the abbey of Saint-Pierre de Gand[283].

1. RASO [III] van Gavre (-killed in battle 27 Jun 1149). "…Razo de Gaveren…" witnessed the charter dated 7 Jul 1123 under which "Hugo de Sancto Paulo cognomen habens Campdaveine" donated property to the monastery of Bourbourg, in the presence of Charles Count of Flanders[284]. "…Razo de Gavera…" signed the charter dated 14 Apr 1127 under which Guillaume Count of Flanders granted privileges to the town of Saint-Omer[285]. "Razonis de Gavere, Razonis filii eius…" signed the charter dated 1130 under which "Heleuuif cum Berta sorore mea" donated property to the abbey of Saint-Pierre de Gand[286]. "…Simonis de Oisy…Razonis de Gavera…" signed the charter dated 1139 under which Baudouin IV Comte de Hainaut granted rights to the Knights Templars[287]. "Rasonis de Gavera …" witnessed the charter dated 22 Sep 1139 under which "Iwanus de Gand…cum uxoris meæ Lauretæ filiæ Theoderici comitis" donated property to "Fratrum Trunciniensis ecclesiæ" near Gand[288]. m ---. The name of Raso´s wife is not known. Raso [III] & his wife had two children:

a) RASO [IV] van Gavre (-1150). "Razonis de Gavere, Razonis filii eius…" signed the charter dated 1130 under which "Heleuuif cum Berta sorore mea" donated property to the abbey of Saint-Pierre de Gand[289]. "…Razonis de Gavera, Arnoldi fratris eius…" signed the charter dated 1150 under which Thierry Count of Flanders confirmed the possessions of the abbey of Saint-Pierre de Gand[290]. m (after 1137) as her second husband, EVA de Chièvres, widow of JEAN de Chin Seigneur de Berlaimont, daughter and heiress of GUY de Chièvres & his wife Ida d'Ath. The primary source which confirms her name and first two marriages has not yet been identified. She married thirdly ([1150]) Nicholas [III] Seigneur de Florenne et de Rumigny. The Chronicon Hanoniense refers to the wife of "Nicholaus [qui et Ruminium et Florinas castra posedit" as "Damison de Cirvia"[291]. Raso [IV] & his wife had two children:

i) RASO [V] van Gavre (-[1186/90]). "…Razonis de Gauera…" signed the charter dated 1156 under which Thierry Count of Flanders approved the privileges of the abbey of Saint-Pierre de Gand[292]. "…Razonis de Gavere…" signed the charter dated 1163 under which Thierry Count of Flanders confirmed possessions of the abbey of Saint-Pierre de Gand[293].

- see below.

ii) BERTHA van Gavre . The Chronicon Hanoniense names "Berta, Rassonis de Gauris et Damisoni de Cirvia filia" as wife of "Eustacium [filium Eustachii de Ruez…senior]"[294]. m EUSTACHE de Rœulx, son of EUSTACHE [I] Seigneur de Rœulx & his wife Marie de Morlanwelz (-1186, bur Rœulx Saint-Feuillien).

b) ARNOUT van Gavre . "…Razonis de Gavera, Arnoldi fratris eius…" signed the charter dated 1150 under which Thierry Count of Flanders confirmed the possessions of the abbey of Saint-Pierre de Gand[295]. "…Arnulfus de Gavera…" signed the charter dated to [1150] under which the abbot of Vicogne records donations made to the abbey[296]. "…Arnulfi de Gavera…" signed the charter dated 1155 under which Baudouin IV Comte de Hainaut settled a dispute between the abbey of Saint-Ghislain and "dominum Gossewinum de Montibus"[297].

RASO [V] van Gavre, son of RASO [IV] van Gavre & his wife Eva de Chièvres (-[1186/90]). "…Razonis de Gauera…" signed the charter dated 1156 under which Thierry Count of Flanders approved the privileges of the abbey of Saint-Pierre de Gand[298]. "…Razonis de Gavere…" signed the charter dated 1163 under which Thierry Count of Flanders confirmed possessions of the abbey of Saint-Pierre de Gand[299]. "…Roberti advocate Bethunie, Rassonis de Gavera, Rogeri Curtracensis castellani…" signed the charter dated [24 Apr/12 Jun] 1177 under which Philippe Count of Flanders donated revenue to the church of Notre-Dame de Capelle[300]. “Razo de Gavera” donated property to Ninove abbey by charter dated 27 Mar 1186[301]. "…Razonis de Gavera…" signed the charter dated Nov 1187 under which Philippe Count of Flanders declared that "Euerardus castellanus Tornacensi" had donated property to the abbey of Saint-Pierre de Gand[302].

m ---. The name of Raso´s wife is not known.

Raso [V] & his wife had children:

1. RASO [VI] van Gavre (-after 1212). “Willelmus de Betunia dominus de Tenremonde et Mathilde uxor mea” granted privileges to Gand Saint-Pierre by charter dated 1193, witnessed by "…Walteri de Sottinghem, Rasonis de Gavera…"[303]. “Razo de Gavera pincerna Flandriæ” donated property to Ninove abbey, with the consent of "uxoris meæ Clariciæ", by charter dated Aug 1201[304]. “Razo de Gavera comitis Flandriæ pincerna” confirmed the donation of property "in Breedenbroc" made by "filius meus Arnoldus" to Ninove abbey, with the consent of "filiis meis Razone de Bouleir et Philippo fratre suo", by charter dated 1212[305]. m ---. The name of Raso´s wife is not known. Raso [VI] & his wife had three children:

a) RASO [VII] van Gavre . Heer van Bouleir. “Razo de Gavera comitis Flandriæ pincerna” confirmed the donation of property "in Breedenbroc" made by "filius meus Arnoldus" to Ninove abbey, with the consent of "filiis meis Razone de Bouleir et Philippo fratre suo", by charter dated 1212[306].

b) ARNOUT . “Razo de Gavera comitis Flandriæ pincerna” confirmed the donation of property "in Breedenbroc" made by "filius meus Arnoldus" to Ninove abbey, with the consent of "filiis meis Razone de Bouleir et Philippo fratre suo", by charter dated 1212[307].

c) FILIP . “Razo de Gavera comitis Flandriæ pincerna” confirmed the donation of property "in Breedenbroc" made by "filius meus Arnoldus" to Ninove abbey, with the consent of "filiis meis Razone de Bouleir et Philippo fratre suo", by charter dated 1212[308].

1. RASO [VIII] van Gavre (-1241). m SOPHIE van Breda, daughter of ---. The primary source which confirms her parentage and marriage has not yet been identified. Raso [VIII] & his wife had children:

a) RASO [IX] (-1290). m MARGUERITE d´Enghien, daughter of SOHIER Seigneur d´Enghien & his wife Alix van Zotteghem (-[1291]). The late 13th century genealogy by Balduinus de Avennis records that "filiarum…domini Sigeri…secundam" married "dominus de Liedekerke, dominus Rasso de Gavre" and records that they had several children "quorum primogenitus Rasso" who married "filiam Henrici de Boulers juxta Grammont"[309]. Raso [IX] & his wife had children:

i) RASO [X] van Gavre (-after 1 Nov 1295). The late 13th century genealogy by Balduinus de Avennis records that "filiarum…domini Sigeri…secundam" married "dominus de Liedekerke, dominus Rasso de Gavre" and records that they had several children "quorum primogenitus Rasso" who married "filiam Henrici de Boulers juxta Grammont"[310]. “Razo de Gavere dominus de Liedekercke et de Breda et Alicia uxor mea” donated property to "monasterii Ninivensis" by charter dated 1292[311]. "Raso de Gavera dominus de Liedekercke et de Breda et Rasso de Liedekercke miles dominus de Boulaer eius primogenitus" donated property to Tongerloo abbey by charter dated 1294[312]. "Raso de Gavre dominus de Liedekercke et de Breda" transferred the hospital of Breda to convent of St Katharina at Woude by charter dated 1 Nov 1295[313]. m ALEIDE, daughter of HENDRIK van Boulaers & his wife ---. The late 13th century genealogy by Balduinus de Avennis records that "filiarum…domini Sigeri…secundam" married "dominus de Liedekerke, dominus Rasso de Gavre" and records that they had several children "quorum primogenitus Rasso" who married "filiam Henrici de Boulers juxta Grammont"[314]. “Razo de Gavere dominus de Liedekercke et de Breda et Alicia uxor mea” donated property to "monasterii Ninivensis" by charter dated 1292[315]. Raso & his wife had one child:

(a) RASO [XI] van Gavre . "Raso de Gavera dominus de Liedekercke et de Breda et Rasso de Liedekercke miles dominus de Boulaer eius primogenitus" donated property to Tongerloo abbey by charter dated 1294[316].

b) MARIA van Gavre (-after 1261). The primary source which confirms her parentage has not yet been identified. "Hugo castellanus Gandensis et Maria uxor mea" donated serfs to the church of Antwerp by charter dated 29 May 1243[317]. “Hugo castellanus Gandensis…Maria uxor dicti castellani” sold "villam de Bornhem cum castro" to "dominæ Margaretæ Flandriæ et Hannoniæ comitissæ" for his marriage to "Machtildis sororis meæ" by charter dated [Mar] 1250[318]. m HUGO [III] Burchgraeve van Gent, son of HUGO [II] Burchgraeve van Gent & his wife Eudette de Champlitte (-[Dec 1264/Apr 1265]).

Chapter 9. GENT

A. AVOCATS of SAINT-PIERRE de GAND

The family relationship, if any, between the following individuals has not yet been identified. However, the advocacy of the major abbeys was often hereditary and it is possible that some or all of them belonged to the same family. The name Wenemar also suggests a family connection with the earliest known châtelains de Gand (see Part B.).

1. WENEMAR (-after 8 Jul 941). Avocat of Saint-Pierre de Gand. "…Wenemari advocati…" signed the charter dated 11 Sep 918 under which "Elstrudis comitissa…cum filiis suis Arnulfo et Adelolfo" donated "hereditatem suam Liefsham…in terra Anglorum in Cantia" to Saint-Pierre de Gand, for the soul of "senioris sui Baldwini"[319]. "…Wenemari advocati…" signed the charter dated 8 Jul 941 under which "Arnulfus…regis…marchysus" restored property to Saint-Pierre de Gand[320]. "…Wenemaro advocato…" signed the charter dated 22 Nov 945 under which "Manno et uxor sua Hildegardis" donated "alodem sum in villa Buxut super fluvium Haina" to Saint-Pierre de Gand[321].

2. ODACRE [Odgaud] (-after 27 Apr 969). "…Odoacri advocati…" signed the charter dated mid-Aug 948 under which a serf was donated to Saint-Pierre de Gand[322]. "…Odacri advocati" signed the charter dated 8 Sep 954 under which "Adhela comitissa" freed two serfs and granted them to the abbey of Saint-Pierre de Gand, for the soul of "fidelis nostri Amalrici"[323]. "…Odgaudi advocati…" signed the document dated 1 Oct 959 under which "femina…Engeluuara" submitted herself to the abbey of Saint-Pierre de Gand[324]. "Odgaudo advocato…" signed the charter dated 29 Oct 965 which records that "Baldwinus bone memorie cognomento Baldzo" donated property to Saint-Pierre de Gand, for the soul of "senioris Arnulfi"[325]. Avocat of Saint-Pierre de Gand. "Odgaudus in vice Wivin matrone" donated "terram Puotlara, Meingehem, Hilosbeka" to Saint-Pierre de Gand by charter dated 27 Apr 969, signed by "Arnulfi junioris marchysi…"[326].

3. BAUDOUIN (-after 17 Jun 962). "…Baldwini advocati, Theoderici comitis…" signed the charter dated 5 May 962 under which "Arnulfus marchysus" donated property to Saint-Pierre de Gand[327]. Avocat of Saint-Pierre de Gand. "…Balduini advocati…" signed the charter dated 17 Jun 962 under which "Arnulfus…comes" donated "villam Canlin" to Saint-Pierre de Gand[328].

4. ENGELBERT (-after 4 Mar 981). "…Ingelberti advocati…" signed the charter dated 2 Jul 964 which records the donation by "bone memorie Arnulfus marchysus" to Saint-Pierre de Gand[329]. Avocat of Saint-Pierre de Gand. "Godefridi comitis, Ingelberti advocati, Arnulfi junioris marchysi…" signed the charter dated 11 Apr 969 under which "Theodericus comes" donated "sui iuris possessionem…Frilingim in pago Flandrensi" to Saint-Pierre de Gand[330]. "Theoderico comite et Arnulfo filio eius, Folberto advocato…Ingelberto advocato…" signed the charter dated 26 Oct 970 under which "Mathelgodus et uxor sua Ingelswindis" donated "hereditatem sue possessionis in loco…Wessingim…Siringim…in pago Bracbantensi" to Saint-Pierre de Gand[331]. "…Arnulfi Bononiensis comitis, Engelberti advocati…" signed the charter dated 31 Jan 972 under which "Arnulfus…marchysus" confirmed the possession of "Harnas…in pago Seirbiu" to Saint-Pierre de Gand[332]. "Arnulfi…junioris marchysi, Herimanni comitis filiis Godefridi comitis, Wiggeri, Ingelberti advocati…" signed the charter dated [21 Jan] 974 under which "Godefridus comes et uxor sua Mathildis" donated "regium fiscum Holinium…in pago Tornacensi…et…Ramelgeis ecclesia…" to Saint-Pierre de Gand[333]. "…Ingelberto advocato…" signed the charter dated 2 Oct 974 under which "Theodericus comes et uxor sua Hildegardis" donated "in villa Haleftra in pago Mempesco sita" to Saint-Pierre de Gand[334]. "Arnulfi junioris…marchysi, Theoderici comitis…Ingelberti advocati…" signed the charter dated 4 Mar 981 under which "Arnulfus filius Theoderici comitis et Arnulfus filius Hildwini" donated "in pago Taruennensis…in Rumingehim et in Keremberg, in pago Flandrensi…in Uckesham et super Gersta" to Saint-Pierre de Gand[335].

5. FOLBERT (-after 26 Oct 970). "Theoderico comite et Arnulfo filio eius, Folberto advocato…Ingelberto advocato…" signed the charter dated 26 Oct 970 under which "Mathelgodus et uxor sua Ingelswindis" donated "hereditatem sue possessionis in loco…Wessingim…Siringim…in pago Bracbantensi" to Saint-Pierre de Gand[336].

6. GEROLF (-after 9 Jan 984). "…Gerulfi advocati…" signed the charter dated 9 Jan 984 under which "Bernardus" granted a serf to Saint-Pierre de Gand[337].

7. WALTBERT (-after 19 Oct 994). Avocat of Saint-Pierre de Gand. "…Waldberto advocato, Theoderico comite, Arnulfo comite, Artoldo comite, Baldwino comite, item Arnulfo comite…" signed the charter dated 1 Apr 988 under which "Baldwinus marchysus cum matre sua Susanna" donated "villam Aflingehem…jacentem in pago Tornacinse" to Saint-Pierre de Gand, after the death of "Arnulfi marchysi"[338]. "…Walberti advocati…" signed the charter dated 26 Jun 989 under which "Oydela" donated a serf to Saint-Pierre de Gand, for the soul of "conjugis mei Reingardus"[339]. "…Walberti advocati…" signed the charter dated 19 Oct 994 under which "femina…Folcrada" submitted herself to the abbey of Saint-Pierre de Gand[340].

8. REINGARD (-before 26 Jun 989). m ODILE, daughter of --- (-after 28 Jun 991). "Oydela" donated a serf to Saint-Pierre de Gand, for the soul of "conjugis mei Reingardus", by charter dated 26 Jun 989, signed by "…Walberti advocati…"[341]. "Oydala…cum filiis suis Onulfo et Wenemaro" donated "hereditatem suam…Dickla" to Saint-Pierre de Gand, for the soul of "filii sui Reingaudi", by charter dated 28 Jun 991, the wording of which suggests that this was a deathbed donation[342]. Three children:

a) ONULF (-after 28 Jun 991). "Oydala…cum filiis suis Onulfo et Wenemaro" donated "hereditatem suam…Dickla" to Saint-Pierre de Gand, for the soul of "filii sui Reingaudi", by charter dated 28 Jun 991[343].

b) WENEMAR (-after 28 Jun 991). "Oydala…cum filiis suis Onulfo et Wenemaro" donated "hereditatem suam…Dickla" to Saint-Pierre de Gand, for the soul of "filii sui Reingaudi", by charter dated 28 Jun 991[344].

c) REINGAUD (-before 28 Jun 991). "Oydala…cum filiis suis Onulfo et Wenemaro" donated "hereditatem suam…Dickla" to Saint-Pierre de Gand, for the soul of "filii sui Reingaudi", by charter dated 28 Jun 991[345].

1. LAMBERT [I] (-after 1 Nov 1026). The Iohannis de Thilrode Chronicon names "Lambertus" as first hereditary castellan of Gent installed by "comite Arnulpho"[346]. Avocat of Saint-Pierre de Gand. "…Lantberti advocati…" signed the charter dated to [996/1031] under which "Landen filia Landrade" submitted herself to the abbey of Saint-Pierre de Gand[347]. "…Lambert advocati et filii eius Folcardi…" signed the charter dated 1 Nov 1026 under which "Eremboldus" donated property to Saint-Pierre de Gand[348]. m [GUNDRADA, daughter of ---. "Gundrada cum filio suo Folkardo" donated "alodem suum…in pago Curtracinse [in] Wackinna" to Saint-Pierre de Gand by charter dated 1010[349]. It is not known whether Folkard, son of Gundrada, was the same person as Folkard [I], son of Lambert [I].] Lambert [I] & his wife had one child:

a) FOLKARD [I] (-[15 Jul 1073/28 Jun 1074]). ["Gundrada cum filio suo Folkardo" donated "alodem suum…in pago Curtracinse [in] Wackinna" to Saint-Pierre de Gand by charter dated 1010[350]. It is not known whether Folkard, son of Gundrada, was the same person as Folkard [I], son of Lambert [I].] "…Lambert advocati et filii eius Folcardi…" signed the charter dated 1 Nov 1026 under which "Eremboldus" donated property to Saint-Pierre de Gand[351]. Avocat of Saint-Pierre de Gand.

- CHÂTELAINS de GAND.

B. CHÂTELAINS de GAND

FOLKARD [I], son of LAMBERT [I] [de Gand] & his wife [Gundrada ---] (-[15 Jul 1073/28 Jun 1074]). ["Gundrada cum filio suo Folkardo" donated "alodem suum…in pago Curtracinse [in] Wackinna" to Saint-Pierre de Gand by charter dated 1010[352]. It is not known whether Folkard, son of Gundrada, was the same person as Folkard [I], son of Lambert [I].] "…Lambert advocati et filii eius Folcardi…" signed the charter dated 1 Nov 1026 under which "Eremboldus" donated property to Saint-Pierre de Gand[353]. Avocat of Saint-Pierre de Gand. "…Folkardi advocati, Lamberti filii eius, Vuenemari filii eius, Adalardi filii eius, Folkardi filii eius…" signed the charter dated to 22 Jul [1031/34] under which "femina…Hildegardis" submitted herself to the abbey of Saint-Pierre de Gand[354]. Châtelain de Gand. "…Folcardi castellani de Gand…" signed the charter dated 1 Apr 1046 under which Baudouin Bishop of Tournai donated "Altare de Oostburgh" to Gand Saint-Pierre[355]. "…Rodulfus, Balduinus filii eius, Arnoldus de Aldenarda, Reingodus, Folcardus castellanus et Lambertus filius eius…" signed the charter dated 1050 under which several individuals submitted themselves to the abbey of Saint-Pierre de Gand[356]. "…Folcardi castellani Gandensis, Lamberti filii eius, Alardi fratris eius…" signed the charter dated 1072 under which "Rotbertus…comes Flandriæ" confirmed the possessions of Saint-Pierre de Gand[357]. "Folkardus Gandensis castri castellanus" donated property to Saint-Pierre Blandin by charter dated 15 Jul 1073 witnessed by "Lantberti filii eius…", confirmed by "filii eiusdem castellani Adalardus cum sorore sua Cunegunde et eiusdem viro Theoderico" by charter dated 28 Jun 1074[358].

m ---. The name of Folkard´s wife is not known.

Folkard [I] & his wife had seven children:

1. LAMBERT [II] (-1073 or after). "…Folkardi advocati, Lamberti filii eius, Vuenemari filii eius, Adalardi filii eius, Folkardi filii eius…" signed the charter dated to 22 Jul [1031/34] under which "femina…Hildegardis" submitted herself to the abbey of Saint-Pierre de Gand[359]. "…Rodulfus, Balduinus filii eius, Arnoldus de Aldenarda, Reingodus, Folcardus castellanus et Lambertus filius eius…" signed the charter dated 1050 under which several individuals submitted themselves to the abbey of Saint-Pierre de Gand[360]. Châtelain de Gand. "Lambertus castellanus Gandensis et Geyla uxor eius" freed serfs and granted them to the abbey of Saint-Pierre de Gand by charter dated 1071, signed by "ipsius Lamberti, Alardi fratris eius…"[361]. "…Folcardi castellani Gandensis, Lamberti filii eius, Alardi fratris eius…" signed the charter dated 1072 under which "Rotbertus…comes Flandriæ" confirmed the possessions of Saint-Pierre de Gand[362]. "Folkardus Gandensis castri castellanus" donated property to Saint-Pierre Blandin by charter dated 15 Jul 1073 witnessed by "Lantberti filii eius…", confirmed by "filii eiusdem castellani Adalardus cum sorore sua Cunegunde et eiusdem viro Theoderico" by charter dated 28 Jun 1074[363]. m GEYLA, daughter of ---. "Lambertus castellanus Gandensis et Geyla uxor eius et Odela soror eius" freed serfs and granted them to the abbey of Saint-Pierre de Gand by charter dated 1071, signed by "ipsius Lamberti, Alardi fratris eius…"[364]. Possible children[365]:

a) WENEMAR [I] (-1118 or after). The primary source which confirms that Wenemar [I] was the son of Lambert [II] has not yet been identified. However, he was certainly the grandson of Folkard, as shown by the charter dated 1101 under which "Wenemarus Gandensis castellanus" founded the abbey of Bornhem and named "avo meo Fulcardo"[366]. Châtelain de Gand.

- see below.

b) ARNOUL . "Wenemari castellani, Arnoldi fratris sui, Danielis fratris eius…" signed the charter dated 1118 under which "Rodulphus de Melne…" donated property to Gand Saint-Pierre[367].

c) DANIEL . "Wenemari castellani, Arnoldi fratris sui, Danielis fratris eius…" signed the charter dated 1118 under which "Rodulphus de Melne…" donated property to Gand Saint-Pierre[368].

2. WENEMAR (-after [1031/34]). "…Folkardi advocati, Lamberti filii eius, Vuenemari filii eius, Adalardi filii eius, Folkardi filii eius…" signed the charter dated to 22 Jul [1031/34] under which "femina…Hildegardis" submitted herself to the abbey of Saint-Pierre de Gand[369].

3. ALARD (-after 28 Jun 1074). "…Folkardi advocati, Lamberti filii eius, Vuenemari filii eius, Adalardi filii eius, Folkardi filii eius…" signed the charter dated to 22 Jul [1031/34] under which "femina…Hildegardis" submitted herself to the abbey of Saint-Pierre de Gand[370]. "Lambertus castellanus Gandensis et Geyla uxor eius" freed serfs and granted them to the abbey of Saint-Pierre de Gand by charter dated 1071, signed by "ipsius Lamberti, Alardi fratris eius…"[371]. "…Folcardi castellani Gandensis, Lamberti filii eius, Alardi fratris eius…" signed the charter dated 1072 under which "Rotbertus…comes Flandriæ" confirmed the possessions of Saint-Pierre de Gand[372]. "Folkardus Gandensis castri castellanus" donated property to Saint-Pierre Blandin by charter dated 15 Jul 1073 witnessed by "Lantberti filii eius…", confirmed by "filii eiusdem castellani Adalardus cum sorore sua Cunegunde et eiusdem viro Theoderico" by charter dated 28 Jun 1074[373].

4. FOLKARD [II] (-after [1031/34]). "…Folkardi advocati, Lamberti filii eius, Vuenemari filii eius, Adalardi filii eius, Folkardi filii eius…" signed the charter dated to 22 Jul [1031/34] under which "femina…Hildegardis" submitted herself to the abbey of Saint-Pierre de Gand[374].

5. STEFAN . 1074.

6. KUNIGUNDE (-after 28 Jun 1074). "Folkardus Gandensis castri castellanus" donated property to Saint-Pierre Blandin by charter dated 15 Jul 1073 witnessed by "Lantberti filii eius…", confirmed by "filii eiusdem castellani Adalardus cum sorore sua Cunegunde et eiusdem viro Theoderico" by charter dated 28 Jun 1074[375]. m THIERRY, son of ---.

7. ODELA (-after 1071). "Lambertus castellanus Gandensis et Geyla uxor eius et Odela soror eius" freed serfs and granted them to the abbey of Saint-Pierre de Gand by charter dated 1071, signed by "ipsius Lamberti, Alardi fratris eius…"[376].

WENEMAR [I] van Gent, son of [377][LAMBERT [II] Burggraaf van Gent & his wife Geyla ---] (-1118 or after). Châtelain de Gand. "Lotbertus…abbas Hasnoniensis cœnobii" sold property "in Alost et Rasseghem et Lede" to "Gisilberto Balduini Gandensis filio" by charter dated 1088, witnessed by "…Wenemarus castellanus Gandensis…"[378]. Albert of Aix records that "Winimerus" left Mamistra and sailed for Laodicea which he captured, but was himself captured by the Turks, dated to early 1098 from the context[379]. Albert of Aix records that "Winemarus de terra Buloniæ" was freed from captivity at Laodicea at the request of "ducis Godefridi", dated to late 1098 from the context[380]. "Wenemarus Gandensis castellanus" founded the abbey of Bornhem by charter dated 1101 which names "avo meo Fulcardo"[381]. "Roberto Castellano, Lamberto Nappino, Adam de Formosela, Galtero Curtracensi Castellano, Wenemaro Gandensi Castellano, Frumoldo Yprensi Castellano…" signed the charter dated 19 Jan 1109 under which "Robertus Roberti filius…comes Flandrensium" granted privileges to Voormezeele abbey[382]. "Wenemari castellani, Sigeri filii eius…" signed an undated donation to Gand Saint-Pierre[383]. "Uuenemari castellani, Sigeri filius eius, Uuenemari filii eius…" signed the charter dated 1114 under which "Asericus" donated property to Gand Saint-Pierre[384]. "Wenemarus castellanus Gandensis, Hachet castellanus Brugensis, Galterus castellanus Curtracensis, Baldewinus de Alost et Iwain frater eius, Razo de Gavera…" signed the charter dated 1 Feb 1117 under which "Balduinus…Flandrensium comes" confirmed donations to Voormezeele abbey[385]. "Wenemari castellani, Arnoldi fratris sui, Danielis fratris eius…" signed the charter dated 1118 under which "Rodulphus de Melne…" donated property to Gand Saint-Pierre[386].

m firstly LUTGARDE, daughter of --- (-after 2 Oct 1101). Manassès Bishop of Cambrai confirmed the foundation of Bornhem abbey by "Wenemari Gandensis castellani" for the soul of "uxoris suæ…Ludgardis" by charter dated 2 Oct 1101[387].

m secondly GISELA de Guines, daughter of BAUDOUIN I Comte de Guines & his wife Adela [Christina] [of Holland]. The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names "Ghislam Gandavensem" as daughter of "Balduinus [comes Ghisnensi]" & his wife and "Gandavensis oppidi castellanus…Winemarus" as her husband[388].

Wenemar [I] & his second wife had [five] children:

1. ARNOUL [I] (-1169). The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names (in order) "Arnoldum, Winemarum…Sigerum et Balduinum…et Margaretam" as children of "Gandavensis oppidi castellanus…Winemarus" & his wife Gisela[389]. Comte de Guines.

- COMTE de GUINES.

2. SIGER [I] (-1122 or after). The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names (in order) "Arnoldum, Winemarum…Sigerum et Balduinum…et Margaretam" as children of "Gandavensis oppidi castellanus…Winemarus" & his wife Gisela[390]. "Wenemari castellani, Sigeri filii eius…" signed an undated donation to Gand Saint-Pierre[391]. "Uuenemari castellani, Sigeri filius eius, Uuenemari filii eius…" signed the charter dated 1114 under which "Asericus" donated property to Gand Saint-Pierre[392]. Châtelain de Gand. Seigneur de Bornhem. m ---. The name of Siger´s wife is not known. Siger [I] & his wife had three children:

a) son .

b) SIGER .

c) ALICE (-before 1154). Heiress of the Burgraviate of Gent. m firstly HUGO de Encre, son of --- (-1139). Burggraaf van Gent. m secondly (before 8 Aug 1145) STEPPO van Viggezele, son of ---.

3. WENEMAR [II] (-1135 or after). The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names (in order) "Arnoldum, Winemarum…Sigerum et Balduinum…et Margaretam" as children of "Gandavensis oppidi castellanus…Winemarus" & his wife Gisela[393]. "Uuenemari castellani, Sigeri filius eius, Uuenemari filii eius…" signed the charter dated 1114 under which "Asericus" donated property to Gand Saint-Pierre[394]. 1135.

4. BOUDEWIJN . The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names (in order) "Arnoldum, Winemarum…Sigerum et Balduinum…et Margaretam" as children of "Gandavensis oppidi castellanus…Winemarus" & his wife Gisela, specifying that Boudewijn was "Sancti Petri Gandavensis primo monachum" and later a knight killed "a Liskensibus"[395]. 1179/86. Knight of the Teutonic Order.

5. [MARGARETA . The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names (in order) "Arnoldum, Winemarum…Sigerum et Balduinum…et Margaretam" as children of "Gandavensis oppidi castellanus…Winemarus" & his wife Gisela, naming "Gandavensi militia Stepponi" as husband of Margareta[396]. It is possible that the Historia is confusing Margareta with her niece Alice, whose second husband was Steppo van Viggezele and whose descendants inherited the Burgraviate of Gent, in light of the unusual name "Steppo". m STEPPO, son of ---.]

1. VIVIAN (-after 1146). Châtelain de Gand. "…Vivianus castellanus Gandensis" signed the charter dated 1146 under which Thierry Count of Flanders donated property to the abbey of Saint-Nicolas du Pré in Tournai[397].

The use of the names Siger and Wenemar suggests that the following family group was closely related to the family of the Burggraven van Gent but the precise relationship has not been established.

1. RUDOLF van Gent (-1052 or after). "…Rodulfus, Balduinus filii eius, Arnoldus de Aldenarda, Reingodus, Folcardus castellanus et Lambertus filius eius…" signed the charter dated 1050 under which several individuals submitted themselves to the abbey of Saint-Pierre de Gand[398]. "…Rodulfus Gandensis et filius eius Balduuinus…" signed the charter dated 1052 under which "Reineuuif…cum filio meo Arnulfo" donated property to the abbey of Saint-Pierre de Gand[399]. m GISELA de Luxembourg, daughter of FREDERIC Graf im Moselgau & his wife [--- von Hammerstein] (-21 May, 1058 or after). Baudouin V Count of Flanders approved the donation by "matrona Gisla" of "Ronneka" to the abbey of Saint-Pierre de Gand by charter dated 1056, signed by "Balduini de Warnastum, Hugonis de Oldenaerde, Roberti et Wenemari de Lens, Balduini filii ipsius Gisle, item filiorum eius Rodulphi, Gisleberti…"[400]. "Gisla" granted a serf to the abbey of Saint-Pierre de Gand by charter dated Apr 1058, signed by "Balduuini filii ipsius Gislæ, item filiorum eius Rodulfi, Gisleberti…"[401]. The Memorial of "femina Gisla" records her death "Iunii X II ante Kal"[402].

a) BOUDEWIJN van Gent (-23/24 Apr 1082). "…Rodulfus, Balduinus filii eius, Arnoldus de Aldenarda, Reingodus, Folcardus castellanus et Lambertus filius eius…" signed the charter dated 1050 under which several individuals submitted themselves to the abbey of Saint-Pierre de Gand[403]. "…Rodulfus Gandensis et filius eius Balduuinus…" signed the charter dated 1052 under which "Reineuuif…cum filio meo Arnulfo" donated property to the abbey of Saint-Pierre de Gand[404]. "…Balduini filii ipsius Gisle, item filiorum eius Rodulphi, Gisleberti…" signed the charter dated 1056 by which Baudouin V Count of Flanders approved the donation by "matrona Gisla" of "Ronneka" to the abbey of Saint-Pierre de Gand[405]. "Gisla" granted a serf to the abbey of Saint-Pierre de Gand by charter dated Apr 1058, signed by "Balduuini filii ipsius Gislæ, item filiorum eius Rodulfi, Gisleberti…"[406]. Heer zu Waas, Dronghen en Ruiselede. m ODA, daughter of --- (-after 1096). "Giselbertus…filius Balduini de Alost, filii Adolphi" founded the abbey of Voorst near Brussels, where "mater sua…Oda cum filia Lutgarde" entered as nuns, by charter dated 1096[407]. Nun at Voorst. Boudewijn & his wife had [seven] children:

i) BOUDEWIJN (-killed in battle Nikea 13 Jun 1097). "Lotbertus…abbas Hasnoniensis cœnobii" sold property "in Alost et Rasseghem et Lede" to "Gisilberto Balduini Gandensis filio" by charter dated 1088, witnessed by "Balduinus filius Balduini de Gandavo…Walterus filius Balduini de Gandavo"[408]. Ritter van Gent, Aalst, Dronghen, Waas en Ruiselede.

- HEREN van AALST.

ii) SIGER . 1086/96.

iii) GILBERT . "Lotbertus…abbas Hasnoniensis cœnobii" sold property "in Alost et Rasseghem et Lede" to "Gisilberto Balduini Gandensis filio" by charter dated 1088, witnessed by "Balduinus filius Balduini de Gandavo…Walterus filius Balduini de Gandavo"[409]. "Giselbertus…filius Balduini de Alost, filii Adolphi" founded the abbey of Voorst near Brussels, where "mater sua…Oda cum filia Lutgarde" entered as nuns, by charter dated 1096[410]. before 1106/21.

iv) WALTER (-after 1088). "Lotbertus…abbas Hasnoniensis cœnobii" sold property "in Alost et Rasseghem et Lede" to "Gisilberto Balduini Gandensis filio" by charter dated 1088, witnessed by "Balduinus filius Balduini de Gandavo…Walterus filius Balduini de Gandavo"[411].

v) GERTRUDE (-1138). The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names "Gertrudem" as sister of "Balduinus cognomento Grossus sive Magnus", adding that she married "Ardensium domino Arnoldo Seni sive Vetulo"[412]. m ARNOUL [II] d'Ardres, son of ---.

vi) LUTGARDE . "Giselbertus…filius Balduini de Alost, filii Adolphi" founded the abbey of Voorst near Brussels, where "mater sua…Oda cum filia Lutgarde" entered as nuns, by charter dated 1096[413]. Nun at Voorst.

vii) [daughter . The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names "Inglebertum…de Petinghem" as brother of "Balduinus cognomento Grossus sive Magnus"[414]. It is possible that the relationship was through Engelbert´s wife. m ENGELBERT [IV] van Peteghem, son of ---. [1082]/1135.]

b) RUDOLF . "…Balduini filii ipsius Gisle, item filiorum eius Rodulphi, Gisleberti…" signed the charter dated 1056 by which Baudouin V Count of Flanders approved the donation by "matrona Gisla" of "Ronneka" to the abbey of Saint-Pierre de Gand[415]. "Gisla" granted a serf to the abbey of Saint-Pierre de Gand by charter dated Apr 1058, signed by "Balduuini filii ipsius Gislæ, item filiorum eius Rodulfi, Gisleberti…"[416]. 1096.

c) GISELBERT van Gent (-after 1058). "…Balduini filii ipsius Gisle, item filiorum eius Rodulphi, Gisleberti…" signed the charter dated 1056 by which Baudouin V Count of Flanders approved the donation by "matrona Gisla" of "Ronneka" to the abbey of Saint-Pierre de Gand[417]. "Gisla" granted a serf to the abbey of Saint-Pierre de Gand by charter dated Apr 1058, signed by "Balduuini filii ipsius Gislæ, item filiorum eius Rodulfi, Gisleberti…"[418]. same person as…? GILBERT (-[1095]). A manuscript genealogy of the Gant family names “Giselbertus de Gaunt, filius Baldwini comitis de Flandria” when recording that he accompanied “Willielmo conquestore avunculo suo” to England[419]. Flemish primary sources do not confirm that Gilbert was the son of Baudouin Count of Flanders. However, it would be chronological consistent if he was the same person as Giselbert, son of Rudolf van Gent, although the primary source which confirms that this is correct has not yet been identified. The Stemma fundatoris of Bardney Abbey records that ”Gislebrictus de Gaunt” came [to England] with “Willielmo Bastardo avunculo suo”[420].

- see below.

GILBERT, son of [RUDOLF van Gent & his wife Gisela de Luxembourg] (-[1095]). "…Balduini filii ipsius Gisle, item filiorum eius Rodulphi, Gisleberti…" signed the charter dated 1056 by which Baudouin V Count of Flanders approved the donation by "matrona Gisla" of "Ronneka" to the abbey of Saint-Pierre de Gand[421]. "Gisla" granted a serf to the abbey of Saint-Pierre de Gand by charter dated Apr 1058, signed by "Balduuini filii ipsius Gislæ, item filiorum eius Rodulfi, Gisleberti…"[422]. A manuscript genealogy of the Gant family names “Giselbertus de Gaunt, filius Baldwini comitis de Flandria” when recording that he accompanied “Willielmo conquestore avunculo suo” to England[423]. Flemish primary sources do not confirm that Gilbert was the son of Baudouin Count of Flanders. However, it would be chronological consistent if he was the same person as Giselbert, son of Rudolf van Gent, although the primary source which confirms that this is correct has not yet been identified. The Stemma fundatoris of Bardney Abbey records that ”Gislebrictus de Gaunt” came [to England] with “Willielmo Bastardo avunculo suo”[424]. No family relationship between Gilbert and William I King of England has been established. The Chronica Monasterii Watinensis cites a donation by "Walterus Bergensis", witnessed by (among others) "Gislebertus frater Balduini Gandensis qui ab Anglia tunc venerat"[425]. A charter of King Henry II records donations to York St Mary, including the donation of land “in Fereby” by “Gilbertus de Gaunt”[426]. Lord of Folkingham.

m ALIX de Montfort-sur-Risle, daughter of HUGUES [II] de Montfort-sur-Risle & his first wife --- de Beaufour. Guillaume de Jumièges records that the daughter of "Hugues le second…[fils de] Hugues de Montfort dit le Barbu" & his first wife married "Gilbert de Ganz"[427]. The Stemma fundatoris of Bardney Abbey names “Alicia de Monteforti” as wife of ”Gislebrictus de Gaunt”[428]. She succeeded her brother as Dame de Montfort-sur-Risle, presumably when his properties were confiscated after he was accused of treason in 1107[429].

Gilbert & his wife had [nine] children:

1. HUGUES van Gent (-after [1147]). Guillaume de Jumièges names "Hugues le quatrième" as son of "Gilbert de Ganz" & his wife[430]. He adopted his mother's name and succeeded her as Seigneur de Montfort-sur-Risle.

- SEIGNEURS de MONTFORT-sur-RISLE.

2. ROBERT . A manuscript genealogy of the Gant family names “Walterum et Robertum” as sons of “Giselbertus de Gaunt…[et] uxorem Aliciam de Montfort”[431]. Chancellor of Stephen King of England. Dean of York.

3. GILBERT (-before [1095]). The Stemma fundatoris of Bardney Abbey names “Giselbrictum et Walterum” as children of ”Gislebrictus de Gaunt” & his wife, adding that Gilbert predeceased his father[432].

4. WALTER (-1139). The Stemma fundatoris of Bardney Abbey names “Giselbrictum et Walterum” as children of ”Gislebrictus de Gaunt” & his wife[433]. ”Walterus de Gant, filius et hæres Gisilberti de Gant” restored Bardney Abbey in 1115, witnessed by “Roberto de ---, Willielmo nepote meo constabulario Cestriæ, Willielmo de Mandevill…”[434].

- ENGLISH NOBILITY, EARLS of LINCOLN.

5. HENRI . The primary source which confirms his parentage has not yet been identified.

6. RALPH . The primary source which confirms his parentage has not yet been identified.

7. [EMMA de Gant . A charter dated to [1190/95] confirmed a donation of property to the canons of Bridlington by “Emma de Gant…et Willelmus de Percy filius eius”[435]. The primary source which confirms her parentage has not yet been identified. However, it is chronologically consistent for her to have been the daughter of Gilbert van Gent. It should be noted that "Alan de Percy…" was the first witness in a charter under which his supposed brother-in-law "Walter de Gaunt" founded Bridlington priory, with the assent of Henry I King of England[436]. m ALAN de Percy, son of WILLIAM de Percy & his wife Emma de Port (-[1130/Jul 1138]).]

8. daughter . Orderic Vitalis says that Ivo's wife was the daughter of Gilbert de Gand but does not name her[437]. m IVO de Grantmesnil, son of HUGUES de Grantmesnil & his wife Adelisa [Aelis] de Beaumont-sur-Oise (-after 1102).

9. daughter . Her parentage and marriage are confirmed by the undated charter under which "Walter de Gaunt" donated the phylactery which "Baldwin sororius suus sent him from Jerusalem" to Bridlington Priory, witnessed by "Matilda his wife"[438]. m BALDWIN, son of ---.

The precise relationship between the following persons and the main Gent family has not yet been confirmed.

1. GEOFFREY de Gant . “Gaufrido de Gant, Baldewino de Gant…” witnessed the undated charter under which “Gillebertus comes Lincolniæ” donated property to Pontefract Priory[439].

2. BALDWIN de Gant . “Gaufrido de Gant, Baldewino de Gant…” witnessed the undated charter under which “Gillebertus comes Lincolniæ” donated property to Pontefract Priory[440].

C. CHÂTELAINS de GAND (VIGGEZELE)

1. STEPPO van Viggezele, son of --- . Heer van Bornem. Philippe Count of Flanders and "Steppo de Viggensele" donated property "in Herzele in castellaria Curtracensi et terram Transblide in castellaria de Axla" to Gand Saint-Pierre, with the consent of "filiis suis Sigero et Balduino", by charter dated 1164[441]. "Steppo de Viggensele" set out the rights and obligations of the mayors of Tamise by charter dated 1166, signed by "Sigerus filius meus, Balduinus filius meus…"[442]. A charter dated 1172 records the confirmation by "Philippo comite Flandrie, Stepho de Viggensele" of donations "de hereditate sua in Hersele et de terra sua Transblide" to Gand Saint-Pierre with the consent of "duobus filiis suis Sigero et Balduino"[443]. m as her second husband, ALICE van Gent, widow of HUGO d'Encre, daughter of SIGER [I] Burggraaf van Gent & his wife --- (-before 1154). Steppo & his wife had three children:

a) SIGER [II] (-1202 or after). Philippe Count of Flanders and "Steppo de Viggensele" donated property "in Herzele in castellaria Curtracensi et terram Transblide in castellaria de Axla" to Gand Saint-Pierre, with the consent of "filiis suis Sigero et Balduino", by charter dated 1164[444]. "…Sigerus castellanus et Willelmus frater eius…" witnessed the charter dated 1164 under which "Theodericus…dominus et princeps Alostensis" donated "silvam meam…Hokerda…" to Afflighem abbey[445]. "Steppo de Viggensele" set out the rights and obligations of the mayors of Tamise by charter dated 1166, signed by "Sigerus filius meus, Balduinus filius meus…"[446]. "Stepponis filius Sigerus" subscribed a charter of Philippe Count of Flanders dated 1171[447]. "…Sigerus castellanus de Alost…" witnessed a charter dated 1175 under which "G dux et marchio Lotharingiæ" confirmed donations to the abbey of Afflighem[448]. Châtelain de Gand. Baudouin IX Count of Flanders confirmed donations to the church of Harlebeek made by "Rogerus Curtracensis castellanus", for the soul of "patris sui Rogeri quondam…castellani" by charter dated 1198, signed by "…Sigeri Gandensis castellani, Theoderici de Beverna, Rogeri castellani Curtracensis, Balduini de Commines, Bernardi de Rosbais…"[449]. “Sigerus castellanus Gandensis et uxor mea Petronilla” donated property to Afflighem abbey, with the consent of "Sigero filio nostro et reliquis filiis nostris", by charter dated 1198[450]. Châtelain de Courtrai 1200. Knight Templar in 1200. m PETRONILLE de Courtrai, daughter of ROGER [I] Châtelain de Courtrai & his first wife Sara ---. “Sigerus castellanus Gandensis et uxor mea Petronilla” donated property to Afflighem abbey, with the consent of "Sigero filio nostro et reliquis filiis nostris", by charter dated 1198[451]. “Petronilla uxor quondam…Sigeri castellani Gandensis” noted the donation of property "in parochia Anderlechtensi" made to Voorst abbey by "Olivero de Sottegem" by charter dated 1214, witnessed by "Theodoricus et Walterus filii eiusdem Petronillæ, Rogerus de Curtraco, Ingelbertus de Lupengem milites, Mathildis advocata Bethuniæ, Margareta soror eiusdem"[452]. Siger [II] & his wife had nine children:

i) SIGER [III] (-1227 or after). “Sigerus castellanus Gandensis et uxor mea Petronilla” donated property to Afflighem abbey, with the consent of "Sigero filio nostro et reliquis filiis nostris", by charter dated 1198[453]. Châtelain de Gand.

- see below[454].

ii) DANIEL (-before 1233). The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names "Danieli fratri Sigeri castellani de Gandavo" as second husband of "Adelidem [filiam Hugonem de Balinghehen]"[455]. m as her second husband, ADELAIDE de Balinghehen, widow of ARNOUL [I] de Cayeux, daughter of HUGUES de Balinghehen & his wife Mathilde [Matha] de Hammis. The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names "Adelidem" as the only daughter of "Hugonem" (son of "Eustacio…de Balinghehen" and his wife Adelaide illegitimate daughter of Robert [Manassès] Comte de Guines) and his wife "Mathildem puerili nomine Matham…filiam Laurette de Hammis", adding that she married firstly "Ernulpho de Caiou" and secondly "Danieli fratri Sigeri castellani de Gandavo"[456].

- Descendants[457].

iii) ARNOLD (-before 1190).

iv) GILLES . [1190]/1223.

(a) ARNOUL . 1233/1250.

v) DIRK . “Petronilla uxor quondam…Sigeri castellani Gandensis” noted the donation of property "in parochia Anderlechtensi" made to Voorst abbey by "Olivero de Sottegem" by charter dated 1214, witnessed by "Theodoricus et Walterus filii eiusdem Petronillæ, Rogerus de Curtraco, Ingelbertus de Lupengem milites, Mathildis advocata Bethuniæ, Margareta soror eiusdem"[458]. 1234. Heer van Daem en Willemskerke. m ---. The name of Dirk´s wife is not known. Dirk & his wife had two children:

(a) JAN . 1243/1271. m ERKENRADE, daughter of ---. 1256. Jan & his wife had one child:

(1) SIGER . 1278.

(b) ADELIDE . 1253. m ALARD, son of ---.

vi) BERNHARD . Provost at Harelbeke 1221/1260. Canon at Thérouanne 1228.

vii) WALTER Man [I] . “Petronilla uxor quondam…Sigeri castellani Gandensis” noted the donation of property "in parochia Anderlechtensi" made to Voorst abbey by "Olivero de Sottegem" by charter dated 1214, witnessed by "Theodoricus et Walterus filii eiusdem Petronillæ, Rogerus de Curtraco, Ingelbertus de Lupengem milites, Mathildis advocata Bethuniæ, Margareta soror eiusdem"[459]. 1261. m ---. The name of Walter´s wife is not known. Walter & his wife had one child:

(a) WALTER Man [II] . 1266/1274.

- Descendants[460].

viii) BEATRIX . 1190.

ix) PETRONILLA (-after 1255). “Petronilla prima abbatissa in…Forestum” confirmed the donation made by "miles Gilbertus…filius Balduini de Alost filii Rodulphi", dated 1096 [the date presumably referring to the original donation not the confirmation], further text recording that "Petronilla filia domini Segeri Templarii quondam castellani de Gandavo" was elected abbess 13 Aug 1239[461]. Abbess of Voorst.

b) BOUDEWIJN (-after 1172). Philippe Count of Flanders and "Steppo de Viggensele" donated property "in Herzele in castellaria Curtracensi et terram Transblide in castellaria de Axla" to Gand Saint-Pierre, with the consent of "filiis suis Sigero et Balduino", by charter dated 1164[462]. "Steppo de Viggensele" set out the rights and obligations of the mayors of Tamise by charter dated 1166, signed by "Sigerus filius meus, Balduinus filius meus…"[463]. A charter dated 1172 records the confirmation by "Philippo comite Flandrie, Stepho de Viggensele" of donations "de hereditate sua in Hersele et de terra sua Transblide" to Gand Saint-Pierre with the consent of "duobus filiis suis Sigero et Balduino"[464].

c) WILLEM (-after 1164). "…Sigerus castellanus et Willelmus frater eius…" witnessed the charter dated 1164 under which "Theodericus…dominus et princeps Alostensis" donated "silvam meam…Hokerda…" to Afflighem abbey[465].

SIGER [III] van Gent, son of SIGER [II] Châtelain de Gand & his wife Petronille de Courtrai (-1227 or after). “Sigerus castellanus Gandensis et uxor mea Petronilla” donated property to Afflighem abbey, with the consent of "Sigero filio nostro et reliquis filiis nostris", by charter dated 1198[466]. Châtelain de Gand. 1190/1227.

m BEATRIX de Houdain, daughter of HUGUES de Houdain & his wife ---. The primary source which confirms her parentage and marriage has not yet been identified.

Siger [III] & his wife had children:

1. HUGO [II] (-[Sep/26 Nov] 1232). Châtelain de Gand. “Hugo Gandensis castellanus uxorque mea Oda filiusque meis Hugo primogenitus” granted privileges to the church of Sainte-Marie de Baserode by charter dated 1228[467]. "Hugo castellanus Gandensis" confirmed the donation to the abbey of Byloka made by "Giselbertus de Sottenghem miles" with the consent of "Mathildis uxoris suæ" by charter dated May 1230[468]. "Hugo castellanus Gandensis dominus de Hosdain" confirmed the donation to the abbey of Gent St Marie made by "Bernardus de Vennebrechies" by charter dated 1232[469]. m EUDETTE [Oda] de Champlitte, daughter of EUDES de Champlitte Vicomte de Dijon & his first wife [Agnes] de Mont-Saint-Jean (-after 1228). The contract of divorce between "Erardus dominus Chascegnay" and "Emeline uxoris mee", with the consent of "Elisabeth domine Castri Villani et Simonis filii sui", is dated Sep 1224, names "Oda dicta Emeline primogenita" and provides for the dowry of "M. filiam meam" on her marriage to "comiti Gigeti"[470]. The primary source which confirms her marriage has not yet been identified. Dame de Champlitte until 1228. “Hugo Gandensis castellanus uxorque mea Oda filiusque meis Hugo primogenitus” granted privileges to the church of Sainte-Marie de Baserode by charter dated 1228[471]. Hugo & his wife had two children:

a) HUGO [III] (-[Dec 1264/Apr 1265]). “Hugo Gandensis castellanus uxorque mea Oda filiusque meis Hugo primogenitus” granted privileges to the church of Sainte-Marie de Baserode by charter dated 1228[472]. Châtelain de Gand.

- see below.

b) VILAIN (-before 1262). “Hugo castellanus Gandensis et dominus Hosdino” confirmed the donation of property held from "domino Villano milite fratre nostro" to Baudeloo abbey, granting powers to "dominæ Avezoetæ relictæ prædicti domini Villani et Alexandro primogenito eius", by charter dated 1262[473]. m AVEZOTA, daughter of --- (-[1262/Aug 1279]). “Hugo castellanus Gandensis et dominus Hosdino” confirmed the donation of property held from "domino Villano milite fratre nostro" to Baudeloo abbey, granting powers to "dominæ Avezoetæ relictæ prædicti domini Villani et Alexandro primogenito eius", by charter dated 1262[474]. Villan & his wife had one child:

i) ALEXANDER (-after Aug 1279). “Hugo castellanus Gandensis et dominus Hosdino” confirmed the donation of property held from "domino Villano milite fratre nostro" to Baudeloo abbey, granting powers to "dominæ Avezoetæ relictæ prædicti domini Villani et Alexandro primogenito eius", by charter dated 1262[475]. “Alexander dictus Villain miles et dominus de Steene et uxor mea” confirmed the donation of property to Baudeloo abbey made by "bonæ memoriæ dominam Avezoetam matrem meam" by charter dated Aug 1279[476].

- SEIGNEURS VILAIN de GAND, COMTES d´ISENGHIEN[477].

2. GERARD (-after Feb 1264). "Gerardus de Gandavo miles, avunculus castellani Gandensis, et Elizabeth uxor mea" donated property to Biloka abbey by charter dated Sep 1254, and "Hugo castellanus Gandensis et dominus de Hosdain" confirmed the donation made by "avunculus noster dominus Gerardus de Gandavo miles, uxor sua domina Elizabet" by charter dated Jan 1254 (O.S.)[478]. Marguerite Ctss of Flanders confirmed the donation to the churches of Tournai, Gent and Flines made by "Gerardus de Gand miles et Elisabeth eius uxor" by charter dated Aug 1261[479]. "Gerardus dictus Diabolus de Gandavo miles et Elisabeth eius uxor" confirmed the previous donations by charter dated Feb 1264[480]. m ELISABETH, daughter of --- (-after Feb 1264). "Gerardus de Gandavo miles, avunculus castellani Gandensis, et Elizabeth uxor mea" donated property to Biloka abbey by charter dated Sep 1254, and "Hugo castellanus Gandensis et dominus de Hosdain" confirmed the donation made by "avunculus noster dominus Gerardus de Gandavo miles, uxor sua domina Elizabet" by charter dated Jan 1254 (O.S.)[481]. Marguerite Ctss of Flanders confirmed the donation to the churches of Tournai, Gent and Flines made by "Gerardus de Gand miles et Elisabeth eius uxor" by charter dated Aug 1261[482]. "Gerardus dictus Diabolus de Gandavo miles et Elisabeth eius uxor" confirmed the previous donations by charter dated Feb 1264[483].

HUGO [III] van Gent, son of HUGO [II] Burchgraeve van Gent & his wife Eudette de Champlitte (-[Dec 1264/Apr 1265]). “Hugo Gandensis castellanus uxorque mea Oda filiusque meis Hugo primogenitus” granted privileges to the church of Sainte-Marie de Baserode by charter dated 1228[484]. Châtelain de Gand. “Hugo castellanus Gandensis…Maria uxor dicti castellani” sold "villam de Bornhem cum castro" to "dominæ Margaretæ Flandriæ et Hannoniæ comitissæ" for his marriage to "Machtildis sororis meæ" by charter dated [Mar] 1250[485]. "Gerardus de Gandavo miles, avunculus castellani Gandensis, et Elizabeth uxor mea" donated property to Biloka abbey by charter dated Sep 1254, and "Hugo castellanus Gandensis et dominus de Hosdain" confirmed the donation made by "avunculus noster dominus Gerardus de Gandavo miles, uxor sua domina Elizabet" by charter dated Jan 1254 (O.S.)[486].

m MARIA van Gavre, daughter of RASO [VIII] van Gavre & his wife Sophie van Breda (-after 1261). The primary source which confirms her parentage has not yet been identified. "Hugo castellanus Gandensis et Maria uxor mea" donated serfs to the church of Antwerp by charter dated 29 May 1243[487]. “Hugo castellanus Gandensis…Maria uxor dicti castellani” sold "villam de Bornhem cum castro" to "dominæ Margaretæ Flandriæ et Hannoniæ comitissæ" for his marriage to "Machtildis sororis meæ" by charter dated [Mar] 1250[488].

Hugo [III] & his wife had one child:

1. HUGO [IV] van Gent (-after 1288). m MARIE de Rœulx, daughter of EUSTACHE [V] Seigneur de Rœulx & his first wife Philippa d´Antoing (-after 1281). Hugo [IV] & his wife had one child:

a) MARIE van Gent (-before 1295). The late 13th century genealogy by Balduinus de Avennis records that "Gerardus", son of "Gerardus…de Enghien", married "filiam…castellani Gandavensis"[489]. m (before 8 Mar 1281) GERARD d´Enghien Heer van Zotteghem, son of GERARD d´Enghien Heer van Zotteghem & his wife --- de Viane (-1319 or before).

Chapter 10. CHÂTELAINS de LILLE

A. CHÂTELAINS de LILLE

1. ROGER (-after 14 Apr 1127). Châtelain de Lille. "Gautherii, prius castellani Duacensis, modo autem clerici, Hugonis, fratris eiusdem, Cameraco, Rogeri castellani de Insula, Frimoldi de eadem Insula…" signed the charter dated 3 Feb 1097 which records the settlement of a dispute between the count of Flanders and the abbey of Saint-Martin de Tours[490]. "…Fastradi de Tornaco, Liettardi de Henim…Engilberti de Peitengen…Rogeri de Insula…" signed the charter dated 5 Aug 1111 under which Robert II Count of Flanders confirmed duty exemptions to the abbey of Saint-Amand[491]. "…Rogerus castellanus Insulensis et Robertus filius eius…" signed the charter dated 14 Apr 1127 under which Guillaume Count of Flanders granted privileges to the town of Saint-Omer[492]. m ---. The name of Roger´s wife is not known. Roger & his wife had one child:

a) ROBERT (-after [1138]). "…Rogerus castellanus Insulensis et Robertus filius eius…" signed the charter dated 14 Apr 1127 under which Guillaume Count of Flanders granted privileges to the town of Saint-Omer[493]. Châtelain de Lille. "…Roberti castellani Insulanensis…" signed the charter dated to [1138] under which "Guilelmus jure hereditario Betuniensis advocatus" donated property to the church of Saint-Pry, with the consent of "Clementia uxore mea filioque meo Roberto"[494].

2. BERNOLD de Lille (-after 22 Jun 1121). "…Froulfus castellanus de Bergis, Theorardus castellanus Broburgensis…Bernoldus de Insula…" signed a charter dated 14 Oct 1104 under which Robert II Count of Flanders donated revenue to the monastery of Bourbourg[495]. "…Levrardi castellani de Broburg, Froolfi castellani de Bergis…Bernoldi de Insula, Malgeri et Johannis fratris eius" signed a charter dated 21 Mar 1107 under which Robert II Count of Flanders donated property to the monastery of Bourbourg[496]. "…Theinardus castellanus, Frooldus castellanus, Willelmus castellanus…Bernoldus ex Insula, Malgerus nepos eius, Johannes frater eius, Jordan, Folco filius Malgeri…" signed a charter dated 1112 under which Baudouin VII Count of Flanders donated revenue to the monastery of Bourbourg[497]. "Themardi Broburgensis castellani…Bernoldi de Insula…" signed a charter dated 22 Jun 1121 under which Charles Count of Flanders donated property to the monastery of Bourbourg[498].

1. HENRI de Lille . "…Henrico castellano Broburgensi, Beatrice uxore eius, Balduino, Henrico, Gilleberto filiis eius…Henrico de Insula…Lamberto de Insula…" signed the charter dated to [1150] which records that "Beatricis castellane Broburgensis" granted a serf to the monastery of Bourbourg[499].

2. LAMBERT de Lille . "…Henrico castellano Broburgensi, Beatrice uxore eius, Balduino, Henrico, Gilleberto filiis eius…Henrico de Insula…Lamberto de Insula…" signed the charter dated to [1150] which records that "Beatricis castellane Broburgensis" granted a serf to the monastery of Bourbourg[500].

1. RENAUD (-1163 or after). Châtelain de Lille. m MATHILDE de Wavre, daughter of ROGER [III] de Wavrin & his first wife Mathilde ---. A charter of Thierry Count of Flanders dated 1157 records the contract for the marriage of "Raginaldus Insule castellanus" and "Matildim Rogeri de Waverin dapiferi nostri filiam", constituting as her dowry revenue from "Senghin in Weppes…consulatum de Everlengeham"[501].

2. HUGUES (-1169 or after). Provost of Scelin. Châtelain de Lille. m as her first husband, ADELAIDE de Guines, daughter of ARNOLD van Gent Comte de Guines & his wife Mathilde de Saint-Omer. The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names (in order) "Margaretam…Beatricem…Adelidem …Eufemiam et Luthgaudam…Mathildem…Ghislam…Agnetem" as the eight daughters of "Willelmus Andomarensis castellanus" & his wife, specifying that Marguerite married firstly "Insulensi castellano Hugoni" (specifying that he was "prius Sancti Piati Seclinensis preoposito") and secondly "Roberto de Waveriaco, fratri Hellini Flandrie dapiferi sive senescali", specifying that her dowry was "apud Senghiniacum"[502]. She married secondly Robert de Wavrin.

3. JEAN (-after 1183). Châtelain de Lille. "…Johannis Insulensis castellani…" witnessed the charter dated 25 Mar 1183 under which confirmed privileges of the church of St Donat, Bruges[503].

B. SEIGNEURS de COMINES

1. BOUCHARD de Comines (-after 13 Sep 1083). "…Bochardi de Commines…" signed the charter dated 13 Sep 1083 under which Gérard Bishop of Cambrai donated "Altare de Huneghem" to Gand Saint-Pierre[504].

2. BAUDOUIN (-after May 1209). Seigneur de Comines. Baudouin IX Count of Flanders confirmed donations to the church of Harlebeek made by "Rogerus Curtracensis castellanus", for the soul of "patris sui Rogeri quondam…castellani" by charter dated 1198, signed by "…Sigeri Gandensis castellani, Theoderici de Beverna, Rogeri castellani Curtracensis, Balduini de Commines, Bernardi de Rosbais…"[505]. "Balduinus dominus de Comines…et Balduinus junior filius meus Ariensis castellanus" renounced rights over revenue from Dranoutre by charter dated 25 Jul 1200[506]. "Balduinus dominus de Commines et filius meus Balduinus junior Ariensis castellanus" freed serfs and offered them to Lille Saint-Pierre by charter dated May 1209[507]. m ---. The name of Baudouin´s wife is not known. Baudouin & his wife had three children:

a) BAUDOUIN (-after Jan 1258). "Balduinus dominus de Comines…et Balduinus junior filius meus Ariensis castellanus" renounced rights over revenue from Dranoutre by charter dated 25 Jul 1200[508]. "Balduinus dominus de Commines et filius meus Balduinus junior Ariensis castellanus" freed serfs and offered them to Lille Saint-Pierre by charter dated May 1209[509]. Seigneur de Comines. "Balduinus dominus de Comines" acknowledged a sale of property to Saint-Bertin by "Balduinus de Meternes et Elizabeth uxor eius, filia cognate mei Gilleberti de Wartenbeke", confirming an earlier transaction involving property which "domina Agnes mater predicte Elisabeth, ex dono predicti Gilleberti olim mariti sui…et tunc temporis vir suus Hugo de Bakelrod" had bequeathed to "dicto Balduino de Meternes et uxori suo", by charter dated 31 Mar 1213[510]. Châtelain d´Aire. "Balduinus dominus de Commines et castellanus Ariensis" donated property to Saint-Bertin, with the consent of "uxore mea Gertrude et filio meo primogenito Balduino", by charter dated Jun 1218, witnessed by "Willelmo fratre meo, prepositi Casletensi…"[511]. "Balduinus dominus de Commines" confirmed a donation to Saint-Bertin, with the consent of "Gertrude uxore mea", by charter dated 1219, witnessed by "Johannes de Commines frater meus…"[512]. "Balduinus dominus de Commines" confirmed a donation to Saint-Bertin by charter dated Jun 1224, which names "Willelmi prepositi Casletensis et Johannis militis, fratrum meorum, et Balduini junioris filii mei"[513]. "Balduinus dominus de Comines et Balduinus filius meus primogenitus" recognised the right of Lille Saint-Pierre to build a mill at Wevicq by charter dated 22 Feb 1225[514]. "Balduinus miles dominus de Comines" confirmed a sale of property with a donation of revenue to Saint-Bertin by charter dated Jan 1249[515]. "Balduinus miles dominus de Commines" donated property to Saint-Bertin, with the consent of "filii mei primogeniti Balduini de Commines", by charter dated Jan 1258[516]. m GERTRUDE, daughter of --- (-after 1219). "Balduinus dominus de Commines et castellanus Ariensis" donated property to Saint-Bertin, with the consent of "uxore mea Gertrude et filio meo primogenito Balduino", by charter dated Jun 1218, witnessed by "Willelmo fratre meo, prepositi Casletensi…"[517]. "Balduinus dominus de Commines" confirmed a donation to Saint-Bertin, with the consent of "Gertrude uxore mea", by charter dated 1219, witnessed by "Johannes de Commines frater meus…"[518]. Baudouin & his wife had children:

i) BAUDOUIN (-after Jan 1258). "Balduinus dominus de Commines et castellanus Ariensis" donated property to Saint-Bertin, with the consent of "uxore mea Gertrude et filio meo primogenito Balduino", by charter dated Jun 1218, witnessed by "Willelmo fratre meo, prepositi Casletensi…"[519]. "Balduinus dominus de Commines" confirmed a donation to Saint-Bertin by charter dated Jun 1224, which names "Willelmi prepositi Casletensis et Johannis militis, fratrum meorum, et Balduini junioris filii mei"[520]. "Balduinus dominus de Comines et Balduinus filius meus primogenitus" recognised the right of Lille Saint-Pierre to build a mill at Wevicq by charter dated 22 Feb 1225[521].

b) GUILLAUME (-after Jun 1224). "Balduinus dominus de Commines et castellanus Ariensis" donated property to Saint-Bertin, with the consent of "uxore mea Gertrude et filio meo primogenito Balduino", by charter dated Jun 1218, witnessed by "Willelmo fratre meo, prepositi Casletensi…"[522]. Provost of Cassel. "Balduinus dominus de Commines" confirmed a donation to Saint-Bertin by charter dated Jun 1224, which names "Willelmi prepositi Casletensis et Johannis militis, fratrum meorum, et Balduini junioris filii mei"[523].

c) JEAN (-after Jun 1224). "Balduinus dominus de Commines" confirmed a donation to Saint-Bertin, with the consent of "Gertrude uxore mea", by charter dated 1219, witnessed by "Johannes de Commines frater meus…"[524]. "Balduinus dominus de Commines" confirmed a donation to Saint-Bertin by charter dated Jun 1224, which names "Willelmi prepositi Casletensis et Johannis militis, fratrum meorum, et Balduini junioris filii mei"[525].

Chapter 11. HEREN van NINOVE

1. AMAURY [I] . The De Persecutione Ecclesiæ Ninivensis names "principes Ninivenses Amalricus et filius eius Amelricus"[526]. Heer van Ninove. m ---. The name of Amaury´s wife is not known. Amaury [I] & his wife had one child:

a) AMAURY [II] . The De Persecutione Ecclesiæ Ninivensis names "principes Ninivenses Amalricus et filius eius Amelricus"[527]. Heer van Ninove. Constable of Flanders. m ---. The name of Amaury´s wife is not known. Amaury [II] & his wife had one child:

i) GERARD (-after 22 Sep 1139). The Historia Fundationis Ecclesiæ Ninivensis names "Gerardus cognomento Constabularius, filius Amelrici Flandrensis constabularii"[528]. The De Persecutione Ecclesiæ Ninivensis names "Gerardus filius Amelrici Flandrum constabularii"[529]. Heer van Ninove. Nicholas Bishop of Cambrai confirmed the foundation of the church at Ninove by “Gerardus…Amulrici filius” by charter dated 1138[530]. "…Gerardi constabularii de Ninive…" witnessed the charter dated 22 Sep 1139 under which "Iwanus de Gand…cum uxoris meæ Lauretæ filiæ Theoderici comitis" donated property to "Fratrum Trunciniensis ecclesiæ" near Gand[531]. m GISELA van Peteghem, daughter of ENGELBERT [V] Heer van Peteghem & his wife ---. The Historia Fundationis Ecclesiæ Ninivensis names "Gisla…filia…domini Ingelberti de Petenghem" as the wife of "Gerardus cognomento Constabularius, filius Amelrici Flandrensis constabularii" and adds that they had two daughters "Machtildem de Ninive et Ermengardem de Wome"[532]. The Balduini Ninovensis Chronicon records the same information without stating Gisela´s parentage[533]. Gerard & his wife had two children:

(a) MATHILDE (-after 1167, bur Ninove). The Historia Fundationis Ecclesiæ Ninivensis names "Machtildem de Ninive et Ermengardem de Wome" as the two daughters of "Gerardus cognomento Constabularius, filius Amelrici Flandrensis constabularii" and his wife[534]. The Balduini Ninovensis Chronicon names "Machtildem de Ninive et Ermengardem de Woma abbatissa de Ghileghem" as the two daughters of "oppidi Ninivensis advocatus Gerardus…cognomento Constabularius, Amelrici Flandrensis constabularius filius" and his wife[535]. The De Persecutione Ecclesiæ Ninivensis names "Gerardum…de Grimberges et uxorem eius Mathildem"[536]. The Vetus chronicon Ninivense records that "Gérard, Mathilde sa femme, et leurs fils Gérard et Arnoul" confirmed the possessions of the abbey of Ninove by charter dated 1167[537]. m GERARD [II] van Grimbergen, son of GERARD [I] van Grimbergen & his wife --- (-after 1167, bur Ninove).

(b) ERMENGARDE . The Historia Fundationis Ecclesiæ Ninivensis names "Machtildem de Ninive et Ermengardem de Wome" as the two daughters of "Gerardus cognomento Constabularius, filius Amelrici Flandrensis constabularii" and his wife[538]. The Balduini Ninovensis Chronicon names "Machtildem de Ninive et Ermengardem de Woma abbatissa de Ghileghem" as the two daughters of "oppidi Ninivensis advocatus Gerardus…cognomento Constabularius, Amelrici Flandrensis constabularius filius" and his wife[539].

Chapter 12. HEREN van OUDENAARDE

1. GERARD van Oudenaarde (-after 1042). "Gerardus de Oldenarde" donated "duos mansos…in villa Ostresele" to Saint-Pierre Blandin, for the soul of "uxoris suæ Gundradæ", by charter dated to 1042 from the context[540]. m GUNDRADA, daughter of --- (-after 1042). "Gerardus de Oldenarde" donated "duos mansos…in villa Ostresele" to Saint-Pierre Blandin, for the soul of "uxoris suæ Gundradæ", by charter dated to 1042 from the context[541].

2. HUGO van Oudenaarde (-after 1056). "…Hugonis de Aldenarde…" signed the charter dated 1 Apr 1046 under which Baudouin Bishop of Tournai donated "Altare de Oostburgh" to Gand Saint-Pierre[542]. "Balduini de Warnastum, Hugonis de Oldenaerde, Roberti et Wenemari de Lens, Balduini filii ipsius Gisle, item filiorum eius Rodulphi, Gisleberti…" signed the charter dated 1056 by which Baudouin V Count of Flanders approved the donation by "matrona Gisla" of "Ronneka" to the abbey of Saint-Pierre de Gand[543].

3. ARNOUD [I] van Oudenaarde (-after 13 Sep 1083). Heer van Oudenaarde. His parentage is unknown. According to Europäische Stammtafeln[544], he was the possible son of Hugo, son of Engelbert [II] Heer van Peteghem. The basis for this hypothesis has not been traced. If onomastics only are considered, there must be some doubt whether this can be correct as the name Arnoud is not found in the known members of the Peteghem family. "…Arnulfi de Aldenarda…" signed the charter dated 1034 under which "Heimericus de Lophen" donated "hereditatem suam in pago Bracbantense in villa Berda vel Cuckenbeka" to Saint-Pierre de Gand[545]. "…Rodulfus, Balduinus filii eius, Arnoldus de Aldenarda, Reingodus, Folcardus castellanus et Lambertus filius eius…" signed the charter dated 1050 under which several individuals submitted themselves to the abbey of Saint-Pierre de Gand[546]. "…Arnulphi de Aldinarda, Walterii de Chimai, Walteri comitis de Hesdin, Balduini comitis de Gisnes, Walteri castellani Duacensis…" signed the charter dated 1065 under Philippe I King of France confirmed the rights of Hasnon abbey[547]. "…Arnulphi de Aldenarda…" signed the charter dated 13 Sep 1083 under which Gérard Bishop of Cambrai donated "Altare de Huneghem" to Gand Saint-Pierre[548].

4. DIRK van Oudenaarde (-after 1088). "Lotbertus…abbas Hasnoniensis cœnobii" sold property "in Alost et Rasseghem et Lede" to "Gisilberto Balduini Gandensis filio" by charter dated 1088, witnessed by "…Theodericus de Aldenarda…"[549].

5. ARNOUD [II] van Oudenaarde (-[1105/06]). Albert of Aix records that "uxor comitis Baldewini Hainaucorum" wept bitterly for the death of "Arnulfi…principis de castello Aldenardis" who had been "socius et conviator eius de terra…Galliæ", dated to [1105/06] from the context[550].

1. ARNOUD [III] van Oudenaarde (-after 1156). Heer van Oudenaarde. "…Arnulphus de Aldenaerden…" signed the charter dated 1145 under which "Godefridus…Dux et Marchio Lotharingiæ" donated property to Voorst abbey[551]. "…Arnoldi de Aldenarde…" signed the charter dated 1150 under which Thierry Count of Flanders confirmed the possessions of the abbey of Saint-Pierre de Gand[552]. "…Arnoldi de Oldenarde…" signed the charter dated 1156 under which Thierry Count of Flanders approved the privileges of the abbey of Saint-Pierre de Gand[553].

GISELBERT van Oudenaarde (-before 1181). Heer van Oudenaarde.

m as her first husband, RICHILDE, daughter of EVERARD [III] Radoul Châtelain de Tournai & his first wife Mathilde de Béthune (-after Oct 1193). The Chronicon Hanoniense names "Richeldem" as daughter of "Evrardum cognomina Radonem" and his first wife, adding that she married "Gislberto de Aldenarde" and secondly "Waltero de Sothenghien"[554]. "Riquildis domina de Aldenarda et…filius meus Arnulphus" donated property to Gand Saint-Pierre, for the soul of "mariti mei Ghilberti de Aldenarda", by charter dated 1181, witnessed by "…Gerardi de Sottinghien…"[555]. She married secondly (after 1181) Wouter van Zotteghem. Her two marriages are confirmed by the 13th century Histoire des ducs de Normandie et des rois d´Angleterre which names "Gautiers de Sothenghien…freres fu Arnoul d´Audenarde de par sa mere ma dame Rikaut"[556]. Baudouin VIII Count of Flanders guaranteed payments by "Walteri de Sotenghiem et Richeldis de Aldenarda uxoris eius" relating to the purchase of the forest of Lessines, by charter dated Oct 1193[557].

Giselbert & his wife had two children:

1. ARNOUD [IV] van Oudenaarde (-1242 or after). "Riquildis domina de Aldenarda et…filius meus Arnulphus" donated property to Gand Saint-Pierre, for the soul of "mariti mei Ghilberti de Aldenarda", by charter dated 1181, witnessed by "…Gerardi de Sottinghien…"[558]. Heer van Oudenaarde. A charter dated May 1223 records an agreement between "Gerardus dominus de Grimberg" and "dominum nostrum ducem Lotharingiæ" which names "Arnoldum de Audenaerde…"[559]. "Arnouls dis sires d´Oudenarde et Aelis" his wife granted revenue to "Jean de Rethel" on his marriage to "leur fille Marie", by charter dated Nov 1235[560]. The testament of Arnoud Heer van Oudenaarde, dated 1242, records the presence of Lodewijk van Oudenaarde his nephew[561]. m as her first husband, ALIX de Rosoy, daughter of ROGER de Rosoy & his wife Alix d´Avesnes (-after 1259). The late 13th century genealogy by Balduinus de Avennis records that "Rogeri [de Rosoy] soror primogenita…Aelidis" married "domino Arnulpho de Audenarde"[562]. "Arnouls dis sires d´Oudenarde et Aelis" his wife granted revenue to "Jean de Rethel" on his marriage to "leur fille Marie", by charter dated Nov 1235[563]. She married secondly --- de Lessines. “Aelidis domina quondam de Audenarde et nunc domina de Lessines” donated property to "ecclesiæ de Cantiprato", for the soul of "bonæ memoriæ Arnoldi quondam mariti", by charter dated 1259[564]. Arnoud [IV] & his wife had one child:

a) JAN van Oudenaarde (-[12 Dec 1293/Apr 1294]). The late 13th century genealogy by Balduinus de Avennis names "Joannes" as the son of "domino Arnulpho de Audenarde" and his wife[565]. Heer van Oudenaarde. Jan Heer van Oudenaarde recognised having given compensation to Arnoud, son of Lodewijk van Oudenaarde Heer van Marke, advocate of Hesbaie, his cousin, who was charged with giving half to Mathilde dame de Marke advocate de Hesbaie his mother, by charter dated Nov 1261[566]. "Jehans dis Sires d´Audenarde et Sires de Rosoit et Mehaus sa femme Vidamesse d´Amiens Dame de Piquigny" donated property to "le Maison des Vaus des Virgenes de Pamele" by charter dated Jan 1277[567]. Jan Heer van Oudenaarde en Rosoy promised to deliver Lodewijk van Marke his cousin to the count of Flanders if he captured him, by charter dated 128[0/9][568]. m firstly ADELA de Soissons, daughter of JEAN Comte de Soissons & his wife --- (-before 1253). The late 13th century genealogy by Balduinus de Avennis records that "Joannes", son of "domino Arnulpho de Audenarde", married "filia Joannis comitis Suessionensis"[569]. m secondly as her second husband, MATHILDE de Crecques, widow of GERARD [III] de Picquigny Vidame d´Amiens, daughter of ANSEAU [II] de Crecques & his wife Beatrix de Guines (-after 1296). The late 13th century genealogy by Balduinus de Avennis records that "Joannes", son of "domino Arnulpho de Audenarde", married secondly "sororem domini Roberti de Cresekes, relictam vicedomini de Pinkengni"[570]. "Jehans dis Sires d´Audenarde et Sires de Rosoit et Mehaus sa femme Vidamesse d´Amiens Dame de Piquigny" donated property to "le Maison des Vaus des Virgenes de Pamele" by charter dated Jan 1277[571]. Jan & his first wife had one child:

i) MARIE van Oudenaarde . The late 13th century genealogy by Balduinus de Avennis records that "Godefridus dominus de Peruwes in Brabantia" married the only daughter of "Arnulpho de Audenarde…filius…Joannes ex uxore sua, filia Joannis comitis Suessionensis" but was childless by her and that she married secondly "domino Iohanni de Falein" by whom she had two daughters[572]. Dame de Baucignies et de Montcornet. m firstly (repudiated) as his second wife, GODEFROI de Perwez Heer van Perwez, son of GUILLAUME de Louvain Heer van Perwez en Ruysbroek & his wife Marie d´Orbais (-1257 after 3 Jul). m secondly JEAN [I] de Nesle Seigneur de Falvy et de la Hermalle, son of --- (-Dec 1300).

Jan & his second wife had children:

ii) ARNOUD [V] van Oudenaarde (-1310 or after). The late 13th century genealogy by Balduinus de Avennis names "Arnulphus" as first son of "domino Johannis de Audenarde" and his second wife[573]. m firstly as her second husband, ISABELLE de Sebourg, widow of BAUDOUIN de Hénin-Liétard, daughter of PHILIPPE de Hainaut Seigneur de Seebourg & his wife --- d´Estrépy (-after 1274). The late 13th century genealogy by Balduinus de Avennis records that "Arnulphus", son of "domino Johannis de Audenarde", married "dominam de Seburgo, relictam domini Balduini de Hennin" as his first wife[574]. m secondly JEANNE de Chauny, daughter of ---. The late 13th century genealogy by Balduinus de Avennis records that "Arnulphus", son of "domino Johannis de Audenarde", married "sororem Radulphi Flamenc de Kanni" as his second wife[575]. The primary source which confirms her name has not yet been identified. Arnoud [V] & his first wife had one child:

(a) ISABELLE (-1321 or after). The primary source which confirms her parentage and two marriages has not yet been identified. m firstly as his fourth wife, GUILLAUME de Mortagne Seigneur de Rumes, son of ARNAUD de Mortagne Châtelain de Tournai Seigneur de Mortagne & his wife Yolande de Coucy (-1302 or after). m secondly (before 23 Nov 1321) GERARD de Grandpré Seigneur de Houffalize, son of --- (-before 21 Dec 1356).

iii) JAN van Oudenaarde . The late 13th century genealogy by Balduinus de Avennis names "Joannes" as second son of "domino Johannis de Audenarde" and his second wife[576].

iv) ROBERT van Oudenaarde (-murdered 25 Jun 1297). The late 13th century genealogy by Balduinus de Avennis names "Robertus" as third son of "domino Johannis de Audenarde" and his second wife[577].

v) ALEIDIS van Oudenaarde (-1305). The late 13th century genealogy by Balduinus de Avennis records that the eldest daughter of "domino Johannis de Audenarde" and his second wife married "Godefrido comiti de Vienna in Ardenna"[578]. "Maria comitissa de Viana domina de Grimberg et Perweis" confirmed a sale of property to Grimbergen by "Godefridus filius noster maior natu" with the consent of "uxoris suæ Aleydis", by charter dated 1278[579]. m (1278 or before) GOTTFRIED Graf von Vianden, son of PHILIPP [I] Graf von Vianden & his wife Marie van Perwez [Brabant] (-[1307/10]).

vi) --- van Oudenaarde . The late 13th century genealogy by Balduinus de Avennis records that the second daughter of "domino Johannis de Audenarde" and his second wife married "Waltero de Tuppengni"[580]. m GAUTHIER de Toupigny, son of ---.

b) MARIE van Oudenaarde (-1279 or after). The marriage contract of "Jean fils ainé de Hugues comte de Rethel" and "Arnoul d´Oudenarde chevalier…sa fille Marotte" is dated 12 Jun 1225, and provides for the marriage when Jean reached 12 years old[581]. "Arnouls dis sires d´Oudenarde et Aelis" his wife granted revenue to "Jean de Rethel" on his marriage to "leur fille Marie", by charter dated Nov 1235[582]. Dame de Baucigny et de Montcornet. Vrouw van Pamele. The late 13th century genealogy by Balduinus de Avennis records that "domino Godefrido de Lovanio, fratri ducis Brabantiæ Henrici" married "soror…domini Joannis de Audenarde"[583]. The primary source which confirms her third marriage has not yet been identified. "Godefridus dominus de Baucignies frater ducis Brabantie et Maria uxor eius" settled a dispute with the abbey of Thenailles concerning "haya de Harcenies" by charter dated 1245[584]. A charter dated Jun 1246 records an agreement between "Jehan conte de Rethest" and "Godefroy de Louvain et Marie de Audenarde sa femme" concerning "Pertes et Tannion" which were her dower when she married "Jehan le fil le conte Huon de Rethest"[585]. m firstly (betrothed 12 Jun 1225, before Nov 1235) JEAN de Rethel, son of HUGUES [III] Comte de Rethel & his first wife Mabile de Bailleul ([1222/23]-[1241]). m secondly (before 7 Aug 1243) GODEFROI de Brabant Heer van Gaesbeek, son of HENRI I "le Guerroyeur" Duke of Brabant & his first wife Mathilde de Flandre (1209-22 Jan 1254, bur Afflighem). Seigneur de Baucignies 1246. Heer van Herstal 1247. m thirdly JEAN [I] de Nesle Seigneur de Falvy et de La Hermalle, son of --- (-before 1310).

2. EVERARD RADULF (-27 Sep 1215). The primary source which confirms his parentage has not yet been identified. Heer van Maarke. m ---. Everard Radulf & his wife had one child:

a) LODEWIJK van Oudenaarde (-before Nov 1261). The primary source which confirms his parentage has not yet been identified. Heer van Maarke. m MATHILDE de Lumain, daughter of FREDERIK van Limburg Seigneur de Lumain & his wife --- de Lumain (-after Nov 1261). The Vitæ Odiliæ Liber III de Triumpho S. Lamberti in Steppes records that "Hasbanie advocatus" died leaving only "duas puellas parvulas"[586]. Her marriage and parentage are confirmed by the charter dated Nov 1261 under which Jan Heer van Oudenaarde recognised having given compensation to Arnoud, son of Lodewijk van Oudenaarde Heer van Marke, advocate of Hesbaie, his cousin, who was charged with giving half to Mathilde dame de Marke advocate de Hesbaie his mother[587]. Lodewijk & his wife had two children:

i) ARNOUD van Oudenaarde (-1283 or after). Jan Heer van Oudenaarde recognised having given compensation to Arnoud, son of Lodewijk van Oudenaarde Heer van Marke, advocate of Hesbaie, his cousin, who was charged with giving half to Mathilde dame de Marke advocate de Hesbaie his mother, by charter dated Nov 1261[588]. Heer van Lummen. m as her first husband, MARIE de Chaumont, daughter of --- (-8 Apr 1301, bur Cordeliers de Valenciennes). She married secondly Gilles Seigneur de Berlaymont. An inscription at the Cordeliers, Valenciennes records the burial of "Madame Marie dame de Berlaymont advocatesse d´Audenaerde" who died 8 Apr 1301[589]. Arnoud & his wife had one child:

(a) LODEWIJK van Oudenaarde (-1315). The primary source which confirms his parentage has not yet been identified. Heer van Lummen. Seigneur de Chaumont. Advocate of Hesbaie. m YOLANDE [van Diest, daughter of ARNOUD [V] Heer van Diest & his wife ---]. Her parentage and marriage are suggested by a charter dated 21 Dec 1337 under which "Jean et Thomas de Diest" agreed to divide their succession, naming Arnoud van Oudenaarde "Voght van Haspengowe, Hier van Lumpne, van Tsamond en van Harmale onsen neven"[590]. Lodewijk & his wife had one child:

(1) ARNOUD van Oudenaarde . The primary source which confirms his parentage has not yet been identified. Heer van Lummen. Seigneur de Chaumont. Advocate of Hesbaie. m ALIX de Dammartin-Warfusée, daughter of HENRI de Hermalle & his wife Jeanne de Haneffe (-1357, bur Hermale). The primary source which confirms her parentage and marriage has not yet been identified. She was heiress of Hermalle. Arnoud & his wife had five children:

a. YOLANDE van Oudenaarde (-after 1377). Heiress of Lummen. Advocate of Hesbaie. m LOUIS de Looz dit d´Agimont Seigneur de Neuf-Château en Ardennes et de Wark, son of --- (-1345 or after).

b. JULIANA van Oudenaarde (-1357 or after). Heiress of Hermalle. m firstly JAN van Brabant Seigneur de Wavre, son of ---. m secondly GUILLAUME de Spontin, son of --- (-7 Apr 1385)

c. three daughters .

ii) LODEWIJK van Oudenaarde (-after 1280). Jan Heer van Oudenaarde en Rosoy promised to deliver Lodewijk van Maarke his cousin to the count of Flanders if he captured him, by charter dated 128[0/9][591].

Chapter 13. HEREN van PETEGHEM

1. ENGELBERT van Peteghem (-[1032/46]). "…Engelberti de Petengien…" subscribed the charter dated to [1018/31] (document incorrectly dated 1002) under which "Hernoldus cum mea coniuge Richelde" donated "villam…Bovines" to the abbey of Saint-Amand[592]. "Avacyn" donated property to Gand Saint-Pierre and received "Engelbert de Peteghem" as protector by charter dated to [1032], a later text adding that "Athelard fils d´Engelbert" became her protector[593]. m ---. The name of Engelbert´s wife is not known. Engelbert & his wife had one child:

a) ALARD van Peteghem (-after 1060). "Avacyn" donated property to Gand Saint-Pierre and received "Engelbert de Peteghem" as protector by charter dated to [1032], a later text adding that "Athelard fils d´Engelbert" became her protector[594]. "…Alardi de Peteghem…" signed the charter dated 1 Apr 1046 under which Baudouin Bishop of Tournai donated "Altare de Oostburgh" to Gand Saint-Pierre[595]. "…Alardus de Petengem…" signed the charter dated 1052 under which "Reineuuif cum filio meo Arnulfo" donated property "in villa Bosenghem" to Saint-Pierre de Gand[596]. "…Alardi de Petengem…" signed the charter dated 1060 under which "femina Godelif" submitted herself to the abbey of Saint-Pierre de Gand[597].

2. ALARD van Peteghem (-after 13 Sep 1083). "…Olardi de Petengheim…" signed the charter dated 13 Sep 1083 under which Gérard Bishop of Cambrai donated "Altare de Huneghem" to Gand Saint-Pierre[598].

3. ENGELBERT [III] van Peteghem (-after 5 Aug 1111). "…Fastradi de Tornaco, Liettardi de Henim…Engilberti de Peitengen…Rogeri de Insula…" signed the charter dated 5 Aug 1111 under which Robert II Count of Flanders confirmed duty exemptions to the abbey of Saint-Amand[599].

4. ROGER van Peteghem (-after 1156). "…Rogeri de Petenghem…" signed the charter dated 1156 under which Thierry Count of Flanders approved the privileges of the abbey of Saint-Pierre de Gand[600]. "…Rogeri de Petenghem…" signed the charter dated 1163 under which Thierry Count of Flanders confirmed possessions of the abbey of Saint-Pierre de Gand[601].

1. ENGELBERT [IV] van Peteghem (-after 1135). m ---. The name of Engelbert´s wife is not known. Engelbert [V] & his wife had three children:

a) JAN [I] van Peteghem (-1154 or before). His parentage is confirmed by the charter dated 1177 which records the approval by "Everardus…Tornacensis episcopus" of an agreement between Cysoing abbey and [his daughter] "Petronilla eiusdem ecclesie tunc temporis advocatrix", relating to their rights to use the forest of Cysoing, which refers to events in 1135, during the lifetime of "domino Ingelberto advocato", and after the death of "domno Ingelberto et Johanne filio eius" when "Petronilla eiusdem Johannis filia" inherited her father´s property[602]. "Evrardus…Tornacensis episcopus" confirmed the donation by "Johannes advocatus Cisonii" to Cysoing, in the presence of "fratrum meorum Nicolai…de Avesnis et Gossuini advocati Tornacensis", by charter dated to [1174/86], confirmed after the donor´s death by "domna Petronilla uxor eius soror mea et Petrus supradicti Johannis frater"[603]. m as her first husband, PETRONILLE d´Oisy, daughter of GAUTHIER [I] d´Oisy Seigneur d´Avesnes & his wife Ida de Mortagne (-after 1174). The Liber de Restauratione Sancti Martini Tornacensis records "quatuor filias [advocationem Tornacensem =Gualterus]" who were married, but does not name them[604]. "Evrardus…Tornacensis episcopus" confirmed the donation by "Johannes advocatus Cisonii" to Cysoing, in the presence of "fratrum meorum Nicolai…de Avesnis et Gossuini advocati Tornacensis", by charter dated to [1174/86], confirmed after the donor´s death by "domna Petronilla uxor eius soror mea et Petrus supradicti Johannis frater"[605]. She married secondly Roger de Landas. Jan [I] & his wife had two children:

i) PETRONILLE (-[1177/88]). A charter dated 1177 records the approval by "Everardus…Tornacensis episcopus" of an agreement between Cysoing abbey and "Petronilla eiusdem ecclesie tunc temporis advocatrix", relating to their rights to use the forest of Cysoing, which refers to events in 1135, during the lifetime of "domino Ingelberto advocato", and after the death of "domno Ingelberto et Johanne filio eius" when "Petronilla eiusdem Johannis filia" inherited her father´s property, and adds that "Petronilla et Joannes filius eius" renounced certain rights[606]. m ---. One child:

(a) JAN [II] van Peteghem (-1220 or after). The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names "Iohanni filio Petronille de Chisonio" as husband of Mabile, daughter of Baudouin Comte de Guines[607].

- see below.

b) PETER van Peteghem . "Evrardus…Tornacensis episcopus" confirmed the donation by "Johannes advocatus Cisonii" to Cysoing, in the presence of "fratrum meorum Nicolai…de Avesnis et Gossuini advocati Tornacensis", by charter dated to [1174/86], confirmed after the donor´s death by "domna Petronilla uxor eius soror mea et Petrus supradicti Johannis frater"[608].

c) GISELA van Peteghem . The Historia Fundationis Ecclesiæ Ninivensis names "Gisla…filia…domini Ingelberti de Petenghem" as the wife of "Gerardus cognomento Constabularius, filius Amelrici Flandrensis constabularii" and adds that they had two daughters "Machtildem de Ninive et Ermengardem de Wome"[609]. The Balduini Ninovensis Chronicon records the same information without stating Gisela´s parentage[610]. m GERARD Heer van Ninove, son of AMAURY Constable of Flanders & his wife ---.

JAN [II] van Peteghem, son of --- & his wife Petronille de Peteghem (-1220 or after). The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names "Iohanni filio Petronille de Chisonio" as husband of Mabile, daughter of Baudouin Comte de Guines[611]. His parentage is confirmed more precisely by the charter dated 1177 which records the approval by "Everardus…Tornacensis episcopus" of an agreement between Cysoing abbey and [his mother] "Petronilla eiusdem ecclesie tunc temporis advocatrix", relating to their rights to use the forest of Cysoing, which refers to events in 1135, during the lifetime of "domino Ingelberto advocato", and after the death of "domno Ingelberto et Johanne filio eius" when "Petronilla eiusdem Johannis filia" inherited her father´s property, and adds that "Petronilla et Joannes filius eius" renounced certain rights[612]. "Johannes advocatus" donated property to Cysoing abbey by charter dated 1188[613]. A charter dated 2 Jan 1204 records the settlement of a dispute between Cysoing abbey and "Johannem dominum Cisonii" concerning rights to water[614]. "Johannes dominus Cisonii et…Johannes filius eius et Maria uxor mea" regulated the rights of Cysoing by charter dated 16 Mar 1219[615].

m MABILE de Guines, daughter of BAUDOUIN Comte de Guines & his wife Christine d'Ardres (-1197 or after). The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names (in order) "Mabiliam…Arnoldum…Willelmum… Manassem…Balduinum" as children of "Balduinus Ghisnensis comitis Arnoldi filius" & his wife, naming "Iohanni filio Petronille de Chisonio" as husband of Mabile[616].

Jan [II] & his wife had one child:

1. JAN [III] (-after 16 Dec 1234). "Johannes dominus Cisonii et…Johannes filius eius et Maria uxor mea" regulated the rights of Cysoing by charter dated 16 Mar 1219[617]. "Jehans sire de Cisoing…et…Gilles mes fiuls" promised to pay revenue to Cysoing by charter dated 16 Dec 1234[618]. m MARIE, daughter of ---. "Johannes dominus Cisonii et…Johannes filius eius et Maria uxor mea" regulated the rights of Cysoing by charter dated 16 Mar 1219[619]. Jan [III] & his wife had two children:

a) EGIDIUS . "Jehans sire de Cisoing…et…Gilles mes fiuls" promised to pay revenue to Cysoing by charter dated 16 Dec 1234[620].

- HEREN van PETEGHEM, HEREN van CYSOING[621].

b) MARIE van Peteghem . m (before 1257) as his second wife, HUGUES [II] Sire d´Antoing et d´Epinoy, son of ALARD [III] Sire d´Antoing et d´Epinoy & his wife Ida de Douai (1204-[1270]).

Chapter 14. WAVRIN

1. ROGER [I] de Wavrin (-after [1018/31]). "Rogeri de Waurinio…" subscribed the charter dated to [1018/31] (document incorrectly dated 1002) under which "Hernoldus cum mea coniuge Richelde" donated "villam…Bovines" to the abbey of Saint-Amand[622]. Abbot Malbod recorded previous donations to the abbey of Saint-Amand by undated charter, dated by the compiler to [1049/63], one of which is the donation made by "tres…sorores Gysla, Liegardis, Ermentrudis, annuentibus maritis earum Stephano, Tietbaldo et Lietduino" of "predii in Haltiaco" which is subscribed by "Rotgeri…"[623].

2. [H[ELIE] [I] de Wavrin . m ---. The name of Hélie´s wife is not known. Hélie [I] & his wife had one child]:

a) [HELIE [II] de Wavrin (-after 1096). A charter dated 1096 records the foundation of Anchin abbey by "Ansellus Valencenensis castellanus, Ribodimonthis et Oestrevandiæ dominus" and includes a long list of "nomina…militum" who were present, including "Ex Tornacensibus et vicinis: Hellinus Vavrinius H. filius…" named first in the representatives from Tournai[624]. No other reference to Hélie de Wavrin, or his supposed father, has been found. The 1096 document appears dubious because of the unusually long list of individuals who are supposedly named as present and may not be contemporary.]

3. ROGER [II] de Wavrin (-before 1107). m as her first husband, EMMISSA de Valenciennes, daughter of ISAAC Châtelain de Valenciennes & his wife Mathilde --- (-after 1143). Her parentage and first two marriages are confirmed by the charter dated 1107 under which "Emmissa quæ cognominor comitissa, Isaac et Maltheldis filia, Fastrei de Fossato conjunx" granted revenue rights to the church of Saint-Jean-Baptiste de Valenciennes, for the souls of "patris et matris [et] domini mei…Rogeri…de Wavring", signed by "Godefridi, Hugonis, castellanorum de Valentianis, Godzewini de Avesnes…"[625]. She married secondly Fastré de Fossé and thirdly Godfried van Aarschot.

4. ROGER [III] de Wavrin (-1160 or after). Seneschal of Flanders. A charter dated 1135 names Roger de Wavrin as seneschal[626]. "…Henrici de Broburc constabuli, Rogeri de Wavrin, Rogeri castellani de Curtrai…Gualtero castellani de Duaco…" signed the charter dated 1154 under which Thierry Count of Flanders confirmed an agreement between the abbey of Saint-Amand and "Stephanus ministerialis ville Sancti-Amandi" concerning the injustices by "avus eius Almannus"[627]. "…Rogeri de Wavrin, Hellini filii ipsius, Michaelis constabularii, Symonis castellani de Oisi, Hugonis castellani de Pulchro Manso, Michaelis castellani de Duaco…Hugonis prepositi Sancti Petri Duacensis…" signed the charter dated 1161 under which Thierry Count of Flanders confirmed the possessions of the abbey of Saint-Aubert at Vitry[628]. m firstly MATHILDE, daughter of [BAUDOUIN de Lens & his wife ---]. m secondly YOLANDE de Tournai, daughter of EVERARD [II] Radoul Châtelain de Tournai & his wife ---. The Liber de Restauratione Sancti Martini Tornacensis names "Balduinum…Evrardum et Godefridum filios…et Yolandem filiam" as children of Richildis, specifying that Yolande married "dapifero Rogerio"[629]. Roger [III] & his first wife had seven children:

a) HELIE [III] de Wavrin (-Palestine [1191/92]). "…Rogeri de Wavrin, Hellini filii ipsius, Michaelis constabularii, Symonis castellani de Oisi, Hugonis castellani de Pulchro Manso, Michaelis castellani de Duaco…Hugonis prepositi Sancti Petri Duacensis…" signed the charter dated 1161 under which Thierry Count of Flanders confirmed the possessions of the abbey of Saint-Aubert at Vitry[630]. Seneschal of Flanders 1169. "Hellinus Flandrie dapifer" donated property to Arras St Vaast with the consent of "Hugone de Bellomanso et Mathilde filia mea, uxore illius" dated 1175 "ob animam dominii Rogeri filii mei"[631]. A continuator of Sigebert records deaths at Acre in 1191, including that of "…Hellinus…dapifer Flandrensis"[632]. The Chronicon Hanoniense names "Hellinus de Waurin Flandrie senescalcus et Rogerus Cameracensis episcopus fratres" among those who died in Palestine in [1191][633]. m TIRSELLA d'Arras, daughter of ANSELME d'Arras & his wife ---. 1177. Hélie [III] & his wife had nine children:

i) MATHILDE de Wavrin . m (before 1175) HUGUES de Beaumetz .

ii) PHILIPPE de Wavrin . 1177.

iii) ROGER de Wavrin (-before 1175).

iv) ROBERT de Wavrin (-before 1197). Seneschal of Flanders 1192.

- see below.

v) HELIE de Wavrin . "Robertus de Wavrin dominus Lilerii et scenescalcus Flandrie" freed two serfs, with the consent of "uxore mea Sibilia…etiam…fratre meo Hellino et Hildiarde et Maroia et Ada sororibus meus et R. de Senghin et Gossuino patruis meis et A. de Meallens et Y. de Spineto amitis meis", by charter dated 1193[634]. Seigneur de Heudincourt et de Waziers.

vi) HILDRADE de Wavrin . "Robertus de Wavrin dominus Lilerii et scenescalcus Flandrie" freed two serfs, with the consent of "uxore mea Sibilia…etiam…fratre meo Hellino et Hildiarde et Maroia et Ada sororibus meus et R. de Senghin et Gossuino patruis meis et A. de Meallens et Y. de Spineto amitis meis", by charter dated 1193[635].

vii) MARIE de Wavrin . "Robertus de Wavrin dominus Lilerii et scenescalcus Flandrie" freed two serfs, with the consent of "uxore mea Sibilia…etiam…fratre meo Hellino et Hildiarde et Maroia et Ada sororibus meus et R. de Senghin et Gossuino patruis meis et A. de Meallens et Y. de Spineto amitis meis", by charter dated 1193[636].

viii) ADA de Wavrin . "Robertus de Wavrin dominus Lilerii et scenescalcus Flandrie" freed two serfs, with the consent of "uxore mea Sibilia…etiam…fratre meo Hellino et Hildiarde et Maroia et Ada sororibus meus et R. de Senghin et Gossuino patruis meis et A. de Meallens et Y. de Spineto amitis meis", by charter dated 1193[637].

ix) AGNES de Wavrin (-before Oct 1219). Heiress of Fenaing and La Comté. m firstly BAUDOUIN [II] de Bailleul . 1123/1176. m secondly [--- de Landas].

b) GILLES de Wavrin . 1156/[1189].

c) ROBERT de Wavrin . 1174/1209. "Philippus Flandrie et Viromandie comes" issued a judgment dated 1177 in favour of Arras St Vaast in a claim by "Hellinus de Wavrin dapifer noster et Robertus de Seugin frater eius" relating to mills in "Anuelin et Donz"[638]. "Robertus de Wavrin dominus Lilerii et scenescalcus Flandrie" freed two serfs, with the consent of "uxore mea Sibilia…etiam…fratre meo Hellino et Hildiarde et Maroia et Ada sororibus meus et R. de Senghin et Gossuino patruis meis et A. de Meallens et Y. de Spineto amitis meis", by charter dated 1193[639]. m as her second husband, ADELAIDE de Guines, widow of HUGUES Châtelain de Lille, daughter of ARNOUL Comte de Guines & his wife Mathilde de Saint-Omer. The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names (in order) "Margaretam…Beatricem…Adelidem …Eufemiam et Luthgaudam…Mathildem …Ghislam…Agnetem" as the eight daughters of "Willelmus Andomarensis castellanus" & his wife, specifying that Marguerite married firstly "Insulensi castellano Hugoni" (specifying that he was "prius Sancti Piati Seclinensis preoposito") and secondly "Roberto de Waveriaco, fratri Hellini Flandrie dapiferi sive senescali", specifying that her dowry was "apud Senghiniacum"[640].

d) GOSWIN de Wavrin . "Robertus de Wavrin dominus Lilerii et scenescalcus Flandrie" freed two serfs, with the consent of "uxore mea Sibilia…etiam…fratre meo Hellino et Hildiarde et Maroia et Ada sororibus meus et R. de Senghin et Gossuino patruis meis et A. de Meallens et Y. de Spineto amitis meis", by charter dated 1193[641]. 1174/1204. m as her third husband, ADA de Rœulx, widow firstly of NIKOLAAS van Boulaere and secondly of DROGON de Bousies, daughter of EUSTACHE [I] de Rœulx & his wife Marie de Morlanwelz. The Chronicon Hanoniense names (in order) "Beatricem, Alidem et Adam" as daughters of "Eustacium de Ruez…Senior" & his wife, naming the first husband of Ada as "Nicholao de Bouleirs", her second husband "Drogoni de Boosiis" (specifying that they had children) and her third husband "militia Flandrensi Gosuino"[642].

e) MATHILDE de Wavrin (-after 1163). A charter of Thierry Count of Flanders dated 1157 records the contract for the marriage of "Raginaldus Insule castellanus" and "Matildim Rogeri de Waverin dapiferi nostri filiam", constituting as her dowry revenue from "Senghin in Weppes…consulatum de Everlengeham"[643]. m (1157) RENAUD Châtelain de Lille, son of ---. 1149/1163.

f) ADA de Wavrin . "Robertus de Wavrin dominus Lilerii et scenescalcus Flandrie" freed two serfs, with the consent of "uxore mea Sibilia…etiam…fratre meo Hellino et Hildiarde et Maroia et Ada sororibus meus et R. de Senghin et Gossuino patruis meis et A. de Meallens et Y. de Spineto amitis meis", by charter dated 1193[644]. m --- de Meaulens .

g) USILIA [Ansilia] de Wavrin . "Robertus de Wavrin dominus Lilerii et scenescalcus Flandrie" freed two serfs, with the consent of "uxore mea Sibilia…etiam…fratre meo Hellino et Hildiarde et Maroia et Ada sororibus meus et R. de Senghin et Gossuino patruis meis et A. de Meallens et Y. de Spineto amitis meis", by charter dated 1193[645]. 1196. m GOSCELIN Sire d'Antoing, son of ALARD [II] Sire d´Epinoy et d´Antoing & his wife [Flandrine de Namur] (-1193).

ROBERT de Wavrin, son of HELIE de Wavrin Seneschal of Flanders & his wife Tirsella d'Arras (-before 1197). Seneschal of Flanders 1192. "Robertus de Wavrin dominus Lilerii et scenescalcus Flandrie" freed two serfs, with the consent of "uxore mea Sibilia…etiam…fratre meo Hellino et Hildiarde et Maroia et Ada sororibus meus et R. de Senghin et Gossuino patruis meis et A. de Meallens et Y. de Spineto amitis meis", by charter dated 1193[646].

m (before 1193) SIBYLLE de Flandre, daughter of PIERRE de Flandre Comte de Nevers & his wife Mathilde de Bourgogne [Capet] ([1176]-after 1236). The Flandria Generosa names "Sibillam filiam [Petri et comitissam de Nevers]"[647]. The Chronicon Hanoniense refers to the daughter of "Petrus…fratris…comits Flandrie et Viromandie" as "[uxor] Roberto…de Wavrin" but does not name her[648]. Heiress of Saint-Vlaast, Lillers and Vladslo. "Robertus de Wavrin dominus Lilerii et scenescalcus Flandrie" freed two serfs, with the consent of "uxore mea Sibilia…etiam…fratre meo Hellino et Hildiarde et Maroia et Ada sororibus meus et R. de Senghin et Gossuino patruis meis et A. de Meallens et Y. de Spineto amitis meis", by charter dated 1193[649]. "Sibilla domina de Wavrin" sold revenue from Santes to Lille Saint-Pierre by charter dated 1225[650].

Robert & his wife had --- children:

1. HELIE [IV] de Wavrin (-22 Jan 1222). Seneschal of Flanders. "…Hellini de Wavrin…" signed the charter dated Apr 1201 under which Baudouin IX Count of Flanders donated property to several monasteries before leaving for Jerusalem[651]. m (1211) FELICIE de Montmirail, daughter of JEAN de Montmirail Châtelain de Cambrai & his wife Helvise de Dampierre (-1243). Dame de la Ferté-Gaucher.

a) HELIE [V] de Wavrin . "Hellinus de Wavrain dictus patruus" founded a chapel "apud Wasiers" by charter dated 31 Oct 1229[652].

- WAVRIN[653].

Chapter 15. CHÂTELAINS d´YPRES

A. CHÂTELAINS d´YPRES

1. FRUMOLD (-after 19 Jan 1109). Châtelain d´Ypres. "Roberto Castellano, Lamberto Nappino, Adam de Formosela, Galtero Curtracensi Castellano, Wenemaro Gandensi Castellano, Frumoldo Yprensi Castellano…" signed the charter dated 19 Jan 1109 under which "Robertus Roberti filius…comes Flandrensium" granted privileges to Voormezeele abbey[654].

2. FRUMOLD (-after 1162). "…Heinricus castellanus de Broborc, Robertus advocatus Bethunie, Rogerus castellanus de Curt, Eustachius de Greneri camerarius, Frumoldus de Ipre castellanus, Jordanus castellanus de Dichesmer…" signed the charter dated 1162 under which "Willelmus de Ipres…cum Leliosa consanguinea mea et cum filia sua Petronilla" donated revenue from land to the abbey of Bourbourg[655].

3. ADAM de Wallincourt (-after 14 Jul 1218). Seigneur de Wallincourt. Châtelain d´Ypres et de Bailleul. "Adam dominus de Wallincourt castellanus Yprensis et Ballioli et Isabella uxor mea" founded the church of Wallincourt near Cambrai by charter dated 14 Jul 1218[656]. m ISABELLE, daughter of --- (-after 14 Jul 1218). "Adam dominus de Wallincourt castellanus Yprensis et Ballioli et Isabella uxor mea" founded the church of Wallincourt near Cambrai by charter dated 14 Jul 1218[657].

B. HEREN van STEENVOORDE (STEINFORT)

1. BOUDEWIJN van Steenvoorde (-before 1237). m ELISABETH, daughter of ---. "Elizabeth relicta Balduini de Steinfort…et duæ filiæ meæ Margareta et Aleidis" founded the abbey of s´ Hemelsdale near Brugge by charter dated Dec 1237[658]. Boudewijn & his wife had two children:

a) MARGARETA . "Elizabeth relicta Balduini de Steinfort…et duæ filiæ meæ Margareta et Aleidis" founded the abbey of s´ Hemelsdale near Brugge by charter dated Dec 1237[659].

b) ALEIDIS . "Elizabeth relicta Balduini de Steinfort…et duæ filiæ meæ Margareta et Aleidis" founded the abbey of s´ Hemelsdale near Brugge by charter dated Dec 1237[660].

Chapter 16. HEREN van ZOTTEGHEM

A. HEREN van ZOTTEGHEM

1. ROTARD van Zotteghem (-after 13 Sep 1083). "…Rothardi de Sotteghem…" signed the charter dated 13 Sep 1083 under which Gérard Bishop of Cambrai donated "Altare de Huneghem" to Gand Saint-Pierre[661].

2. GERARD van Zotteghem (-after 1088). "Lotbertus…abbas Hasnoniensis cœnobii" sold property "in Alost et Rasseghem et Lede" to "Gisilberto Balduini Gandensis filio" by charter dated 1088, witnessed by "…Gerardus de Sotteghem…"[662].

3. GERARD van Zotteghem (-after 1181). "…Gerardus de Sottenghen…" witnessed the charter dated 1164 under which "Theodericus…dominus et princeps Alostensis" donated "silvam meam…Hokerda…" to Afflighem abbey[663]. "…Gerardus de Sottengem…" witnessed a charter dated 1175 under which "G dux et marchio Lotharingiæ" confirmed donations to the abbey of Afflighem[664]. "Riquildis domina de Aldenarda et…filius meus Arnulphus" donated property to Gand Saint-Pierre, for the soul of "mariti mei Ghilberti de Aldenarda", by charter dated 1181, witnessed by "…Gerardi de Sottinghien…"[665]. m BEATRIX, daughter of ---. "Beatrix domina de Masseme" donated property "prope Masseme", for the soul of "mariti mei Gerardi de Sottengheem piæ memoriæ", with the consent of "filiorum et filiarum meorum", by undated charter[666].

1. WOUTER van Zotteghem (-after 1193). m ALAIDE, daughter of ---. Her marriage is confirmed by the charter dated to [1220] under which her sons "Walterus de Sothengem cum fratre meo Olivero" confirmed donations to "sororibus in Novo Sarto" made by "pater noster Walterus nostraque mater Alaisa"[667]. Walter & his wife had two children:

a) WOUTER (-after [1220]). “Willelmus de Betunia dominus de Tenremonde et Mathilde uxor mea” granted privileges to Gand Saint-Pierre by charter dated 1193, witnessed by "…Walteri de Sottinghem, Rasonis de Gavera…"[668]. "Walterus de Sothengem cum fratre meo Olivero" confirmed donations to "sororibus in Novo Sarto" made by "pater noster Walterus nostraque mater Alaisa", by charter dated to [1220][669]. m (after 1181) as her second husband, RICHILDE de Tournai, widow of GISELBERT van Oudenaarde, daughter of EVERARD [III] Radoul Châtelain de Tournai & his first wife Mathilde de Béthune (-after Oct 1193). The Chronicon Hanoniense names "Richeldem" as daughter of "Evrardum cognomina Radonem" and his first wife, adding that she married "Gislberto de Aldenarde" and secondly "Waltero de Sothenghien"[670]. "Riquildis domina de Aldenarda et…filius meus Arnulphus" donated property to Gand Saint-Pierre, for the soul of "mariti mei Ghilberti de Aldenarda", by charter dated 1181, witnessed by "…Gerardi de Sottinghien…"[671]. Her two marriages are confirmed by the 13th century Histoire des ducs de Normandie et des rois d´Angleterre which names "Gautiers de Sothenghien…freres fu Arnoul d´Audenarde de par sa mere ma dame Rikaut"[672]. Baudouin VIII Count of Flanders guaranteed payments by "Walteri de Sotenghiem et Richeldis de Aldenarda uxoris eius" relating to the purchase of the forest of Lessines, by charter dated Oct 1193[673]. Wouter & his wife had one child:

i) ALIX van Zotteghem (-after Sep 1246). The late 13th century genealogy by Balduinus de Avennis records that "Sigerus…de Enghien" married "filia domini de Sottenghen"[674]. “Sigerus dominus de Anghien” confirmed donations made to "ecclesiæ de Cantiprato" by "patris mei", with the consent of "Aelidis uxor prædicti Sigeri et Walterus primogenitus eorundem", by charter dated Sep 1246[675]. m (before 1219) SOHIER d´Enghien, son of ENGELBERT [IV] Seigneur d´Enghien & his wife Adelaide d´Avesnes (-1256).

b) OLIVER van Zotteghem (-after Mar 1220). "Oliverius de Sottenghem" donated property "in parochia de Anderlecht" to "samctimonialibus de Camera", with the consent of "conjugis meæ Peronæ", by charter dated 19 Aug 1207[676]. “Petronilla uxor quondam…Sigeri castellani Gandensis” noted the donation of property "in parochia Anderlechtensi" made to Voorst abbey by "Olivero de Sottegem" by charter dated 1214, witnessed by "Theodoricus et Walterus filii eiusdem Petronillæ, Rogerus de Curtraco, Ingelbertus de Lupengem milites, Mathildis advocata Bethuniæ, Margareta soror eiusdem"[677]. “Henricus Dux Lotharingiæ et Henricus filius meus” noted the donation of property "apud Dilbekam" made to Voorst abbey by "Oliverus de Sottegem et uxor eius Perona et Henricus filius eorum", by charter dated Mar 1220[678]. "Walterus de Sothengem cum fratre meo Olivero" confirmed donations to "sororibus in Novo Sarto" made by "pater noster Walterus nostraque mater Alaisa", by charter dated to [1220][679]. m PERONNE, daughter of --- (-after Mar 1220). "Oliverius de Sottenghem" donated property "in parochia de Anderlecht" to "samctimonialibus de Camera", with the consent of "conjugis meæ Peronæ", by charter dated 19 Aug 1207[680]. “Henricus Dux Lotharingiæ et Henricus filius meus” noted the donation of property "apud Dilbekam" made to Voorst abbey by "Oliverus de Sottegem et uxor eius Perona et Henricus filius eorum", by charter dated Mar 1220[681]. Oliver & his wife had two children:

i) HENDRIK van Zotteghem . “Henricus Dux Lotharingiæ et Henricus filius meus” noted the donation of property "apud Dilbekam" made to Voorst abbey by "Oliverus de Sottegem et uxor eius Perona et Henricus filius eorum", by charter dated Mar 1220[682]. "Henricus de Sottengem" donated property "in parochia de Dielbeka" to the church of Anderlecht, with the consent of "Walteri fratris mei", by charter dated Apr 1225[683].

ii) WALTER . "Henricus de Sottengem" donated property "in parochia de Dielbeka" to the church of Anderlecht, with the consent of "Walteri fratris mei", by charter dated Apr 1225[684].

iii) [GILLE van Zotteghem . "Ægidius de Sottengem" donated property "in parochia de Dilbeca" to the church of Anderlecht by charter dated 1225[685].]

1. GILBERT van Zotteghem (-before Apr 1243). "Gillebertus de Sottegem" donated property "inter Felseka et Elne" to the Teutonic Knights by charter dated 15 May 1220[686]. "Hugo castellanus Gandensis" confirmed the donation to the abbey of Byloka made by "Giselbertus de Sottenghem miles" with the consent of "Mathildis uxoris suæ" by charter dated May 1230[687]. m (Mar 1228) MATHILDE de Béthune, daughter of GUILLAUME [III] de Béthune & his wife Mathilde van Dendermonde (-after Apr 1246). “Robertus advocatus Atrebatensis, Betuniæ et Teneræmondæ dominus” granted property "in parochia de Calkene…de Laerne…[et] de Masseme" to "domino Gilberto de Sottenghem" for his marriage to "Machtildis sororis meæ" by charter dated Mar 1228, witnessed by "Michael Flandrie constabularius, Walterus de Ghistelle"[688]. "Hugo castellanus Gandensis" confirmed the donation to the abbey of Byloka made by "Giselbertus de Sottenghem miles" with the consent of "Mathildis uxoris suæ" by charter dated May 1230[689]. “Machtildis domina de Rasseghem” donated property to the church of Dendermonde for her anniversary and that of "Gilberti mariti mei bonæ memoriæ", with the consent of "filii mei senioris Gerardi", by charter dated Apr 1243[690]. “Nobilis mulier domina de Rassenghem Machtildis, filius suus Gerardus de Sottenghem dominus de Rassenghem, frater suus dominus Robertus, soror prædictorum nobilium domicella de Rassenghem Machtildis…” witnessed the charter dated Mar 1245 under which "Margareta nobilis mulier domina de Woume" donated property to Dendermonde church[691]. “Gerardus de Sottenghem dominus de Rassenghem” confirmed the donation by "domina de Rassenghem mater nostra" to the church of Dendermonde for her anniversary and that of "Gilberti mariti sui bonæ memoriæ…quondam patris nostri" by charter dated Apr 1246[692]. Gilbert & his wife had children:

a) GERARD van Zotteghem . “Machtildis domina de Rasseghem” donated property to the church of Dendermonde for her anniversary and that of "Gilberti mariti mei bonæ memoriæ", with the consent of "filii mei senioris Gerardi", by charter dated Apr 1243[693]. “Nobilis mulier domina de Rassenghem Machtildis, filius suus Gerardus de Sottenghem dominus de Rassenghem, frater suus dominus Robertus, soror prædictorum nobilium domicella de Rassenghem Machtildis…” witnessed the charter dated Mar 1245 under which "Margareta nobilis mulier domina de Woume" donated property to Dendermonde church[694]. “Gerardus de Sottenghem dominus de Rassenghem” confirmed the donation by "domina de Rassenghem mater nostra" to the church of Dendermonde for her anniversary and that of "Gilberti mariti sui bonæ memoriæ…quondam patris nostri" by charter dated Apr 1246[695].

b) ROBERT (-after 1245). “Nobilis mulier domina de Rassenghem Machtildis, filius suus Gerardus de Sottenghem dominus de Rassenghem, frater suus dominus Robertus, soror prædictorum nobilium domicella de Rassenghem Machtildis…” witnessed the charter dated Mar 1245 under which "Margareta nobilis mulier domina de Woume" donated property to Dendermonde church[696].

c) MECHTILD (-after 1245). “Nobilis mulier domina de Rassenghem Machtildis, filius suus Gerardus de Sottenghem dominus de Rassenghem, frater suus dominus Robertus, soror prædictorum nobilium domicella de Rassenghem Machtildis…” witnessed the charter dated Mar 1245 under which "Margareta nobilis mulier domina de Woume" donated property to Dendermonde church[697].

B. HEREN van ZOTTEGHEM (ENGHIEN)

GERARD d´Enghien, son of SOHIER d´Enghien & his wife Alix van Zotteghem (-1290 or after). The late 13th century genealogy by Balduinus de Avennis names "Gerardus…domini de Sottenghen" as second son of "Sigerus…de Enghien" and his wife[698].

m --- de Viane, daughter of GERARD Seigneur de Viane & his wife ---. The late 13th century genealogy by Balduinus de Avennis records that "Gerardus…de Enghien" married "filia domini Gerardi de Viane juxta Grammont"[699].

Gérard & his wife had three children:

1. GERARD d´Enghien (-1319 or before). The late 13th century genealogy by Balduinus de Avennis names "Gerardus" as son of "Gerardus…de Enghien" and his wife "filia domini Gerardi de Viane juxta Grammont"[700]. m (before 8 Mar 1280) MARIE van Gent, daughter of HUGO [IV] Burchgraeve van Gent & his wife Marie de Rœulx. The late 13th century genealogy by Balduinus de Avennis records that "Gerardus", son of "Gerardus…de Enghien", married "filiam…castellani Gandavensis"[701]. Gerard & his wife had two children:

a) MARIE (-1318). m firstly (before 1305) HUGUES [V] Sire d’Antoing et d'Epinoy, son of HUGUES [IV] Sire d´Antoing & his first wife Elisabeth van Grimberghe (-1315). m secondly as his first wife, GUY de Flandre Seigneur de Richebourg, son of GUILLAUME de Flandre Seigneur de Dendermonde et de Crèvecœur & his wife Alix de Clermont-en-Beauvaisis (after 1286-Apr 1345[702] or after).

b) HUGO [I] (-May 1320). Heer van Zotteghem. Burchgraeve van Gent. m as her first husband, BEATRIX van Putten, daughter and heiress of NIKOLAAS [IV] Heer van Putten & his wife Aleid van Strijen (-18 Jun 1354). She married secondly (Oct 1321) as his second wife, Guy de Flandre Seigneur de Richebourg.

i) HUGO [II] . m KATHARINA van Maldeghem, daughter of PHILIPP [III] van Maldeghem & his wife Marie des Rodes.

2. ISABELLE d´Enghien . The late 13th century genealogy by Balduinus de Avennis records that "primogenita domini Gerardi de Sottenghen" married "domino Thomæ de Couchi, domino de Wervino"[703]. m THOMAS de Coucy Seigneur de Vervins, son of THOMAS de Coucy Seigneur de Vervins et de Fontaines & his second wife Marguerite de Piquigny (-killed in battle Courtrai 11 Jul 1302).

3. ALEIDE d´Enghien (-1314). The late 13th century genealogy by Balduinus de Avennis records that "domini Gerardi de Sottenghen…secundogenita" married "Joanni filio domini Eustacii de Lens"[704]. m JEAN de Lens, son of EUSTACHE Seigneur de Lens & his wife ---.

[1] Pirenne, H. (1891) Histoire du meurtre de Charles le Bon Comte de Flandre par Galbert de Bruges (Paris) ("Galbert de Bruges"), 71, p. 115.

[2] Giry, A. ´Les chàtelains de Saint-Omer (1042-1386)´, Bibliothèque de l´Ecole des Chartes, Tome 35 (1874), p. 325.

[3] Giry ´Les chàtelains de Saint-Omer´ (1874), pp. 325-6.

[4] Miraeus (Le Mire), A. (1723) Opera diplomatica et historica, 2nd edn. (Louvain), Tome I, LXIII, p. 74.

[5] RHC, Historiens occidentaux, Tome IV (Paris, 1879), Alberti Aquensis Historia Hierosolymitana ("Albert of Aix (RHC)"), Liber II, Cap. XXII, p. 315.

[6] Albert of Aix (RHC), Liber II, Cap. XXIX, p. 321.

[7] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 122, MGH SS XXIV, p. 620.

[8] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 122, MGH SS XXIV, p. 620.

[9] Chronicon Affligemense 19, MGH SS IX, p. 416.

[10] Herimanni, Liber de Restauratione Sancti Martini Tornacensis 31, MGH SS XIV, p. 286.

[11] Putte, F. van de & Carton, C. L. (eds.) (1847) Chronicon Vormeselense (Bruges), XV, p. 35.

[14] Giry, A. (1877) Histoire de la ville de Saint-Omer et de ses institutions (Paris) Pièces Justificatives III, p. 371.

[16] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 122, MGH SS XXIV, p. 620.

[17] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 122, MGH SS XXIV, p. 620.

[19] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 122, MGH SS XXIV, p. 620.

[20] Chronicon Affligemense 19, MGH SS IX, p. 416.

[24] Giry (1877) Pièces Justificatives III, p. 371.

[25] Lamberti, Genealogia Comitum Flandriæ 14, MGH SS IX, p. 312.

[27] Annales Blandinienses 1144, MGH SS V, p. 29.

[28] Ex auctario Gemblacensi, RHGF XIII, p. 273.

[30] Flandria Generosa 32, MGH SS IX, p. 324.

[32] Miraeus (1723), Tome I, XCVIII, p. 106.

[33] Annales Blandinienses 1166, MGH SS V, p. 29.

[34] Gisleberti Chronicon Hanoniense, MGH SS XXI, pp. 509-10.

[35] Albert of Aix (RHC), Liber IX, Cap. I, p. 591.

[36] Albert of Aix (RHC), Liber IX, Cap. IV, p. 593.